Prevalence and correlates of co-prescribing psychotropic medications with long-term opioid use nationally in the Veterans Health Administration

Psychiatry Research

Volumn 227, Issue 2-3, 2015, Pages 324-332

  Barry, Declan T ^a,b   Sofuoglu, Mehmet ^a,c   Kerns, Robert D ^a,c   Wiechers, Ilse R ^a,c   Rosenheck, Robert A ^a,c  

^a YALE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b The APT Foundation Inc   (United States)

^c VA CONNECTICUT HEALTHCARE SYSTEM   (United States)

Author keywords

Opioid; Psychotropic; Veteran

Indexed keywords

ANTICONVULSIVE AGENT; ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; ANXIOLYTIC AGENT; CENTRAL STIMULANT AGENT; HYPNOTIC AGENT; MOOD STABILIZER; OPIATE; PSYCHOTROPIC AGENT; SEDATIVE AGENT; HYPNOTIC SEDATIVE AGENT;

ANXIETY DISORDER; ARTICLE; BIPOLAR DISORDER; DEMOGRAPHY; DRUG INDICATION; HEADACHE; HUMAN; INSOMNIA; LONG TERM CARE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MAJOR DEPRESSION; MENTAL DISEASE; MENTAL HEALTH CENTER; MENTAL HEALTH SERVICE; MIGRAINE; NARCOLEPSY; NAUSEA AND VOMITING; NEUROPATHY; PRESCRIPTION; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PRURITUS; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SEIZURE; SOCIAL ASPECT; VETERAN; ADULT; COMPLICATION; FEMALE; GOVERNMENT; MALE; MENTAL DISORDERS; OPIOID-RELATED DISORDERS; PSYCHOLOGY; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA; UNITED STATES; VETERANS HEALTH;

ADULT; ANTI-ANXIETY AGENTS; ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENTS; DRUG PRESCRIPTIONS; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES; MALE; MENTAL DISORDERS; OPIOID-RELATED DISORDERS; PREVALENCE; PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS; SLEEP INITIATION AND MAINTENANCE DISORDERS; UNITED STATES; UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS; VETERANS; VETERANS HEALTH;

EID: 84929132978     PISSN: 01651781     EISSN: 18727123     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.03.006     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Alexander G.C., Kruszewski S.P., Webster D.W. Rethinking opioid prescribing to protect patient safety and public health rethinking opioid prescribing. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 2012, 308:1865-1866.
2. Bair M.J., Wu J., Damush T.M., Sutherland J.M., Kroenke K. Association of depression and anxiety alone and in combination with chronic musculoskeletal pain in primary care patients. Psychosomatic Medicine 2008, 70:890-897.
3. Beesdo K., Jacobi F., Hoyer J., Low N.P., Höfler M., Wittchen H.U. Pain associated with specific anxiety and depressive disorders in a nationally representative population sample. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 2010, 45:89-104.
4. Bohnert A.S., Ilgen M.A., Galea S., McCarthy J.F., Blow F.C. Accidental poisoning mortality among patients in the Department of Veterans Affairs Health System. Medical Care 2011, 49:393-396.
5. Bohnert A.S., Valenstein M., Bair M.J., Ganoczy D., McCarthy J.F., Ilgen M.A., Blow F.C. Association between opioid prescribing patterns and opioid overdose-related deaths. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 2011, 305:1315-1321.
6. Bray R.M., Olmsted K.R., Williams J. Misuse of prescription pain medications in US active duty service members. Pain Syndromes-From Recruitment to Returning Troops: Wounds of War IV 2012, 3-16. IOS Press, Amsterdam. B.K. Wiederhold (Ed.).
7. Bray R.M., Pemberton M.R., Lane M.E., Hourani L.L., Mattiko M.J., Babeu L.A. Substance use and mental health trends among US military active duty personnel: key findings from the 2008 DoD Health Behavior Survey. Military Medicine 2010, 175:390-399.
8. Charlson M.E., Pompei P., Ales K.L., MacKenzie C.R. A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. Journal of Chronic Diseases 1987, 40:373-383.
9. Chou R., Fanciullo G.J., Fine P.G., Adler J.A., Ballantyne J.C., Davies P., Donovan M.I., Fishbain D.A., Foley K.M., Fudin J. Clinical guidelines for the use of chronic opioid therapy in chronic noncancer pain. The Journal of Pain 2009, 10:113-130.
10. Clark D.B., Bukstein O.G., Smith M.G., Kaczynski N.A. Identifying anxiety disorders in adolescents hospitalized for alcohol abuse or dependence. Psychiatric Services 1995, 46:618-620.
11. Dersh J., Gatchel R.J., Mayer T., Polatin P., Temple O.R. Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with chronic disabling occupational spinal disorders. Spine 2006, 31:1156-1162.
12. Dobscha S.K., Morasco B.J., Duckart J.P., Macey T., Deyo R.A. Correlates of prescription opioid initiation and long-term opioid use in veterans with persistent pain. The Clinical Journal of Pain 2013, 29:102-108.
13. Edlund M.J., Martin B.C., Devries A., Fan M.Y., Braden J.B., Sullivan M.D. Trends in use of opioids for chronic non-cancer pain among individuals with mental health and substance use disorders: the TROUP study. The Clinical Journal of Pain 2010, 26:1-10.
14. Edlund M.J., Martin B.C., Fan M.Y., Devries A., Braden J.B., Sullivan M.D. Risks for opioid abuse and dependence among recipients of chronic opioid therapy: results from the TROUP study. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 2010, 112:90-98.
15. Gilson A.M., Ryan K.M., Joranson D.E., Dahl J.L. A reassessment of trends in the medical use and abuse of opioid analgesics and implications for diversion control: 1997-2002. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management 2004, 28:176-188.
16. Hall A.J., Logan J.E., Toblin R.L., Kaplan J.A., Kraner J.C., Bixler D., Crosby A.E., Paulozzi L.J. Patterns of abuse among unintentional pharmaceutical overdose fatalities. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 2008, 300:2613-2620.
17. Haskell S.G., Ning Y., Krebs E., Goulet J., Mattocks K., Kerns R., Brandt C. Prevalence of painful musculoskeletal conditions in female and male veterans in 7 years after return from deployment in Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom. The Clinical Journal of Pain 2012, 28:163-167.
18. Institute of Medicine Relieving Pain in America: A Blueprint for Transforming Prevention, Care, Education and Research 2011, The National Academies Press, Washington, DC.
19. Jones C.M., Mack K.A., Paulozzi L.J. Pharmaceutical overdose deaths, United States, 2010. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 2013, 309:657-659.
20. Kerns R.D., Otis J., Rosenberg R., Reid M.C. Veterans[U+05F3] reports of pain and associations with ratings of health, health-risk behaviors, affective distress, and use of the healthcare system. Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development 2003, 40:371-380.
21. Knaster P., Karlsson H., Estlander A.-M., Kalso E. Psychiatric disorders as assessed with SCID in chronic pain patients: the anxiety disorders precede the onset of pain. General Hospital Psychiatry 2012, 34:46-52.
22. Knook L.M.E., Lijmer J.G., Konijnenberg A.Y., Taminiau B., Van Engeland H. The course of chronic pain with and without psychiatric disorders: a 6-year follow-up study from childhood to adolescence and young adulthood. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 2012, 73:e134-139.
23. Kuehn B.M. Opioid prescriptions soar. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 2007, 297:249-251.
24. Maust D.T., Oslin D.W., Marcus S.C. Effect of age on the profile of psychotropic users: results from the 2010 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2014, 62:358-364. (Epub ahead of print).
25. Morrill R., Cromartie J., Hart G. Metropolitan, urban, and rural commuting areas: toward a better depiction of the United States settlement system. Urban Geography 1999, 20:727-748.
26. Nurminen J., Puustinen J., Piirtola M., Vahlberg T., Lyles A., Kivelä S.L. Opioids, antiepileptic and anticholinergic drugs and the risk of fractures in patients 65 years of age and older: a prospective population-based study. Age and Ageing 2013, 42:318-324.
27. Office of Applied Studies National and State Estimates of the Drug Abuse Treatment Gap: 2000 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse 2002, NHSDA Series H-14, DHHS Publication No. SMA 02-3640, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, MD.
28. Okie S. A flood of opioids, a rising tide of deaths. New England Journal of Medicine 2010, 363:1981-1985.
29. Olsen Y., Daumit G.L., Ford D.E. Opioid prescriptions by US primary care physicians from 1992 to 2001. The Journal of Pain 2006, 7:225-235.
30. Paulozzi L.J., Kilbourne E.M., Desai H.A. Prescription drug monitoring programs and death rates from drug overdose. Pain Medicine 2011, 12:747-754.
31. Petrakis, I.L., Sofuoglu, M., Rosenheck, R.A., In Press. VA patients with high numbers of opioid prescriptions: a national study of sociodemographic and diagnostic characteristics, health service, and psychotropic medication use. Addictive Disorders & Their Treatment, http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ADT.0000000000000058.
32. Reisfield G.M., Webster L.R. Benzodiazepines in long-term opioid therapy. Pain Medicine 2013, 14:1441-1446.
33. Rincon H.G., Granados M., Unutzer J., Gomez M., Duran R., Badiel M., Salas C., Martinez J., Mejia J., Ordoñez C. Prevalence, detection and treatment of anxiety, depression, and delirium in the adult critical care unit. Psychosomatics 2001, 42:391-396.
34. Seal K.H., Shi Y., Cohen G., Cohen B.E., Maguen S., Krebs E.E., Neylan T.C. Association of mental health disorders with prescription opioids and high-risk opioid use in US veterans of Iraq and Afghanistan. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 2012, 307:940-947.
35. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Summary of National Findings 2012, NSDUH Series H-44, HHS Publication No. (SMA) 12-4713, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, MD.
36. Sullivan M.D., Howe C.Q. Opioid therapy for chronic pain in the United States: promises and perils. Pain 2013, 154(Supplement 1):S94-S100.
37. Volkow N.D., McLellan T.A., Cotto J.H., Karithanom M., Weiss S.R. Characteristics of opioid prescriptions in 2009. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 2011, 305:1299-1301.
38. Wiechers I.R., Kirwin P.D., Rosenheck R.A. Increased risk among older Veterans of prescribing psychotropic medication in the absence of psychiatric diagnoses. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 2014, 22:531-539.
39. Wiechers I.R., Leslie D.L., Rosenheck R.A. Prescribing of psychotropic medications to patients without a psychiatric diagnosis. Psychiatric Services 2013, 64:1243-1248.