메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2013, Pages 223-230

Pathophysiology of Peripheral Artery Disease, Intermittent Claudication, and Critical Limb Ischemia

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 84928161608     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-1-4377-2930-6.00017-3     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (9)

References (117)
  • 1
    • 0026501734 scopus 로고
    • Mortality over a period of 10 years in patients with peripheral arterial disease
    • Criqui M.H., Langer R.D., Fronek A., et al. Mortality over a period of 10 years in patients with peripheral arterial disease. N Engl J Med 1992, 326:381-386.
    • (1992) N Engl J Med , vol.326 , pp. 381-386
    • Criqui, M.H.1    Langer, R.D.2    Fronek, A.3
  • 2
    • 79960386928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secondary prevention and mortality in peripheral artery disease: National Health and Nutrition Examination Study, 1999 to 2004
    • Pande R.L., Perlstein T.S., Beckman J.A., et al. Secondary prevention and mortality in peripheral artery disease: National Health and Nutrition Examination Study, 1999 to 2004. Circulation 2011, 124:17-23.
    • (2011) Circulation , vol.124 , pp. 17-23
    • Pande, R.L.1    Perlstein, T.S.2    Beckman, J.A.3
  • 3
    • 79956319051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progress and challenges in translating the biology of atherosclerosis
    • Libby P., Ridker P.M., Hansson G.K. Progress and challenges in translating the biology of atherosclerosis. Nature 2011, 473:317-325.
    • (2011) Nature , vol.473 , pp. 317-325
    • Libby, P.1    Ridker, P.M.2    Hansson, G.K.3
  • 4
    • 69249205739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity, inflammation, and atherosclerosis
    • Rocha V.Z., Libby P. Obesity, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. Nat Rev Cardiol 2009, 6:399-409.
    • (2009) Nat Rev Cardiol , vol.6 , pp. 399-409
    • Rocha, V.Z.1    Libby, P.2
  • 5
    • 77957832055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity and specificity of the ankle-brachial index to diagnose peripheral artery disease: a structured review
    • Dachun X., Jue L., Liling Z., et al. Sensitivity and specificity of the ankle-brachial index to diagnose peripheral artery disease: a structured review. Vasc Med 2010, 15:361-369.
    • (2010) Vasc Med , vol.15 , pp. 361-369
    • Dachun, X.1    Jue, L.2    Liling, Z.3
  • 6
    • 0032841029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxygen uptake kinetics during exercise are slowed in patients with peripheral arterial disease
    • Bauer T.A., Regensteiner J.G., Brass E.P., et al. Oxygen uptake kinetics during exercise are slowed in patients with peripheral arterial disease. J Appl Physiol 1999, 87:809-816.
    • (1999) J Appl Physiol , vol.87 , pp. 809-816
    • Bauer, T.A.1    Regensteiner, J.G.2    Brass, E.P.3
  • 7
    • 0035802216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leg symptoms in peripheral arterial disease: associated clinical characteristics and functional impairment
    • McDermott M.M., Greenland P., Liu K., et al. Leg symptoms in peripheral arterial disease: associated clinical characteristics and functional impairment. JAMA 2001, 286:1599-1606.
    • (2001) JAMA , vol.286 , pp. 1599-1606
    • McDermott, M.M.1    Greenland, P.2    Liu, K.3
  • 8
    • 0032929711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leg symptoms, the ankle-brachial index, and walking ability in patients with peripheral arterial disease
    • McDermott M.M., Mehta S., Liu K., et al. Leg symptoms, the ankle-brachial index, and walking ability in patients with peripheral arterial disease. J Gen Intern Med 1999, 14:173-181.
    • (1999) J Gen Intern Med , vol.14 , pp. 173-181
    • McDermott, M.M.1    Mehta, S.2    Liu, K.3
  • 9
    • 0028043229 scopus 로고
    • Functional status and mobility among elderly women with lower extremity arterial disease: the study of osteoporotic fractures
    • Vogt M.T., Cauley J.A., Kuller L.H., et al. Functional status and mobility among elderly women with lower extremity arterial disease: the study of osteoporotic fractures. J Am Geriatr Soc 1994, 42:923-929.
    • (1994) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.42 , pp. 923-929
    • Vogt, M.T.1    Cauley, J.A.2    Kuller, L.H.3
  • 10
    • 47049084052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ankle brachial index combined with Framingham Risk Score to predict cardiovascular events and mortality: a meta-analysis
    • Fowkes F.G., Murray G.D., Butcher I., et al. Ankle brachial index combined with Framingham Risk Score to predict cardiovascular events and mortality: a meta-analysis. JAMA 2008, 300:197-208.
    • (2008) JAMA , vol.300 , pp. 197-208
    • Fowkes, F.G.1    Murray, G.D.2    Butcher, I.3
  • 11
    • 33645522876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ACC/AHA 2005 guidelines for the management of patients with peripheral arterial disease (lower extremity, renal, mesenteric, and abdominal aortic)
    • executive summary a collaborative report from the American Association for Vascular Surgery/Society for Vascular Surgery, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society for Vascular Medicine and Biology, Society of Interventional Radiology, and the ACC/AHA Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Develop Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease) endorsed by the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Society for Vascular Nursing; TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus; and Vascular Disease Foundation
    • Hirsch A.T., Haskal Z.J., Hertzer N.R., et al: ACC/AHA 2005 guidelines for the management of patients with peripheral arterial disease (lower extremity, renal, mesenteric, and abdominal aortic): executive summary a collaborative report from the American Association for Vascular Surgery/Society for Vascular Surgery, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society for Vascular Medicine and Biology, Society of Interventional Radiology, and the ACC/AHA Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Develop Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease) endorsed by the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Society for Vascular Nursing; TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus; and Vascular Disease Foundation, J Am Coll Cardiol 47:1239-1312, 2006.
    • (2006) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.47 , pp. 1239-1312
    • Hirsch, A.T.1    Haskal, Z.J.2    Hertzer, N.R.3
  • 12
    • 33846497950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inter-society consensus for the management of peripheral arterial disease (TASC II)
    • Norgren L., Hiatt W.R., Dormandy J.A., et al. Inter-society consensus for the management of peripheral arterial disease (TASC II). J Vasc Surg 2007, 45:S5-S67.
    • (2007) J Vasc Surg , vol.45 , pp. S5-S67
    • Norgren, L.1    Hiatt, W.R.2    Dormandy, J.A.3
  • 13
    • 34249314403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A population-based study of peripheral arterial disease prevalence with special focus on critical limb ischemia and sex differences
    • Sigvant B., Wiberg-Hedman K., Bergqvist D., et al. A population-based study of peripheral arterial disease prevalence with special focus on critical limb ischemia and sex differences. J Vasc Surg 2007, 45:1185-1191.
    • (2007) J Vasc Surg , vol.45 , pp. 1185-1191
    • Sigvant, B.1    Wiberg-Hedman, K.2    Bergqvist, D.3
  • 14
    • 0024598624 scopus 로고
    • Fate of the patient with chronic leg ischaemia. A review article
    • Dormandy J., Mahir M., Ascady G., et al. Fate of the patient with chronic leg ischaemia. A review article. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 1989, 30:50-57.
    • (1989) J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) , vol.30 , pp. 50-57
    • Dormandy, J.1    Mahir, M.2    Ascady, G.3
  • 15
    • 79958118819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of fibroblast growth factor NV1FGF on amputation and death: a randomised placebo-controlled trial of gene therapy in critical limb ischaemia
    • Belch J., Hiatt W.R., Baumgartner I., et al. Effect of fibroblast growth factor NV1FGF on amputation and death: a randomised placebo-controlled trial of gene therapy in critical limb ischaemia. Lancet 2011, 377:1929-1937.
    • (2011) Lancet , vol.377 , pp. 1929-1937
    • Belch, J.1    Hiatt, W.R.2    Baumgartner, I.3
  • 16
    • 77649182871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of isolated tibial disease on outcomes in the critical limb ischemic population
    • Gray B.H., Grant A.A., Kalbaugh C.A., et al. The impact of isolated tibial disease on outcomes in the critical limb ischemic population. Ann Vasc Surg 2010, 24:349-359.
    • (2010) Ann Vasc Surg , vol.24 , pp. 349-359
    • Gray, B.H.1    Grant, A.A.2    Kalbaugh, C.A.3
  • 17
    • 65949122954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term prognosis of diabetic patients with critical limb ischemia: a population-based cohort study
    • Faglia E., Clerici G., Clerissi J., et al. Long-term prognosis of diabetic patients with critical limb ischemia: a population-based cohort study. Diabetes Care 2009, 32:822-827.
    • (2009) Diabetes Care , vol.32 , pp. 822-827
    • Faglia, E.1    Clerici, G.2    Clerissi, J.3
  • 18
    • 80051663562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insights on the role of diabetes and geographic variation in patients with critical limb ischaemia
    • Van B.E., Nikol S., Norgren L., et al. Insights on the role of diabetes and geographic variation in patients with critical limb ischaemia. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2011, 42:365-373.
    • (2011) Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg , vol.42 , pp. 365-373
    • Van, B.E.1    Nikol, S.2    Norgren, L.3
  • 19
    • 77952237783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resting energy expenditure in patients with intermittent claudication and critical limb ischemia
    • Gardner A.W., Montgomery P.S. Resting energy expenditure in patients with intermittent claudication and critical limb ischemia. J Vasc Surg 2010, 51:1436-1441.
    • (2010) J Vasc Surg , vol.51 , pp. 1436-1441
    • Gardner, A.W.1    Montgomery, P.S.2
  • 20
    • 0032587112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence of O2 supply-dependent VO2 max in the exercise-trained human quadriceps
    • Richardson R.S., Grassi B., Gavin T.P., et al. Evidence of O2 supply-dependent VO2 max in the exercise-trained human quadriceps. J Appl Physiol 1999, 86:1048-1053.
    • (1999) J Appl Physiol , vol.86 , pp. 1048-1053
    • Richardson, R.S.1    Grassi, B.2    Gavin, T.P.3
  • 21
    • 0032588190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular PO2 as a determinant of maximal mitochondrial O(2) consumption in trained human skeletal muscle
    • Richardson R.S., Leigh J.S., Wagner P.D., et al. Cellular PO2 as a determinant of maximal mitochondrial O(2) consumption in trained human skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol 1999, 87:325-331.
    • (1999) J Appl Physiol , vol.87 , pp. 325-331
    • Richardson, R.S.1    Leigh, J.S.2    Wagner, P.D.3
  • 22
    • 0037633260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Muscle oxygenation and pulmonary gas exchange kinetics during cycling exercise on-transitions in humans
    • Grassi B., Pogliaghi S., Rampichini S., et al. Muscle oxygenation and pulmonary gas exchange kinetics during cycling exercise on-transitions in humans. J Appl Physiol 2003, 95:149-158.
    • (2003) J Appl Physiol , vol.95 , pp. 149-158
    • Grassi, B.1    Pogliaghi, S.2    Rampichini, S.3
  • 23
    • 0015669825 scopus 로고
    • Flow characteristics in models of arterial stenoses. II. Unsteady flow
    • Young D.F., Tsai F.Y. Flow characteristics in models of arterial stenoses. II. Unsteady flow. J Biomech 1973, 6:547-559.
    • (1973) J Biomech , vol.6 , pp. 547-559
    • Young, D.F.1    Tsai, F.Y.2
  • 24
    • 0017715818 scopus 로고
    • Multiple subcritical arterial stenoses: effect on poststenotic pressure and flow
    • Flanigan D.P., Tullis J.P., Streeter V.L., et al. Multiple subcritical arterial stenoses: effect on poststenotic pressure and flow. Ann Surg 1977, 186:663-668.
    • (1977) Ann Surg , vol.186 , pp. 663-668
    • Flanigan, D.P.1    Tullis, J.P.2    Streeter, V.L.3
  • 25
    • 0017351538 scopus 로고
    • The role of multiple noncritical arterial stenoses in the pathogenesis of ischemia
    • Karayannacos P.E., Talukder N., Nerem R.M., et al. The role of multiple noncritical arterial stenoses in the pathogenesis of ischemia. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1977, 73:458-469.
    • (1977) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.73 , pp. 458-469
    • Karayannacos, P.E.1    Talukder, N.2    Nerem, R.M.3
  • 26
    • 0017402284 scopus 로고
    • Hemodynamics of arterial stenoses at elevated flow rates
    • Young D.F., Cholvin N.R., Kirkeeide R.L., et al. Hemodynamics of arterial stenoses at elevated flow rates. Circ Res 1977, 41:99-107.
    • (1977) Circ Res , vol.41 , pp. 99-107
    • Young, D.F.1    Cholvin, N.R.2    Kirkeeide, R.L.3
  • 27
    • 0023874425 scopus 로고
    • Assessing stenosis severity: coronary flow reserve, collateral function, quantitative coronary arteriography, positron imaging, and digital subtraction angiography. A review and analysis
    • Demer L., Gould K.L., Kirkeeide R. Assessing stenosis severity: coronary flow reserve, collateral function, quantitative coronary arteriography, positron imaging, and digital subtraction angiography. A review and analysis. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 1988, 30:307-322.
    • (1988) Prog Cardiovasc Dis , vol.30 , pp. 307-322
    • Demer, L.1    Gould, K.L.2    Kirkeeide, R.3
  • 28
    • 0025159167 scopus 로고
    • Common femoral artery volume flow in peripheral vascular disease
    • Lewis P., Psaila J.V., Morgan R.H., et al. Common femoral artery volume flow in peripheral vascular disease. Br J Surg 1990, 77:183-187.
    • (1990) Br J Surg , vol.77 , pp. 183-187
    • Lewis, P.1    Psaila, J.V.2    Morgan, R.H.3
  • 29
    • 80052231715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paradigm shift to functional angioplasty: new insights for fractional flow reserve- and intravascular ultrasound-guided percutaneous coronary intervention
    • Park S.J., Ahn J.M., Kang S.J. Paradigm shift to functional angioplasty: new insights for fractional flow reserve- and intravascular ultrasound-guided percutaneous coronary intervention. Circulation 2011, 124:951-957.
    • (2011) Circulation , vol.124 , pp. 951-957
    • Park, S.J.1    Ahn, J.M.2    Kang, S.J.3
  • 30
    • 0028806554 scopus 로고
    • Fractional flow reserve. A useful index to evaluate the influence of an epicardial coronary stenosis on myocardial blood flow
    • Pijls N.H., Van Gelder B., Van der Voort P., et al. Fractional flow reserve. A useful index to evaluate the influence of an epicardial coronary stenosis on myocardial blood flow. Circulation 1995, 92:3183-3193.
    • (1995) Circulation , vol.92 , pp. 3183-3193
    • Pijls, N.H.1    Van Gelder, B.2    Van der Voort, P.3
  • 31
    • 0008819738 scopus 로고
    • The effect of exercise on the external iliac vein blood flow and local oxygen consumption in normal subjects, and in those with occlusive arterial disease
    • Pentecost B.L. The effect of exercise on the external iliac vein blood flow and local oxygen consumption in normal subjects, and in those with occlusive arterial disease. Clin Sci 1964, 27:437-445.
    • (1964) Clin Sci , vol.27 , pp. 437-445
    • Pentecost, B.L.1
  • 32
    • 0006957339 scopus 로고
    • The peripheral blood flow in intermittent claudication IV. The significance of the claudication distance
    • Hillestad LK: The peripheral blood flow in intermittent claudication IV. The significance of the claudication distance, Acta Med Scand 173:467-478, 1963.
    • (1963) Acta Med Scand , vol.173 , pp. 467-478
    • Hillestad, L.K.1
  • 33
    • 4444305372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired muscle oxygen use at onset of exercise in peripheral arterial disease
    • Bauer T.A., Brass E.P., Hiatt W.R. Impaired muscle oxygen use at onset of exercise in peripheral arterial disease. J Vasc Surg 2004, 40:488-493.
    • (2004) J Vasc Surg , vol.40 , pp. 488-493
    • Bauer, T.A.1    Brass, E.P.2    Hiatt, W.R.3
  • 34
    • 0014506779 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between calf blood flow and ankle blood pressure in patients with intermittent claudication
    • Sumner D.S., Strandness D.E. The relationship between calf blood flow and ankle blood pressure in patients with intermittent claudication. Surgery 1969, 65:763-771.
    • (1969) Surgery , vol.65 , pp. 763-771
    • Sumner, D.S.1    Strandness, D.E.2
  • 35
    • 0020956706 scopus 로고
    • Effect of treadmill exercise on blood gases and acid-base balance in patients with intermittent claudication
    • Maass U., Alexander K. Effect of treadmill exercise on blood gases and acid-base balance in patients with intermittent claudication. Z Kardiol 1983, 72:537-542.
    • (1983) Z Kardiol , vol.72 , pp. 537-542
    • Maass, U.1    Alexander, K.2
  • 36
    • 0023119039 scopus 로고
    • Relation of oxygen uptake to work rate in normal men and men with circulatory disorders
    • Hansen J.E., Sue D.Y., Oren A., et al. Relation of oxygen uptake to work rate in normal men and men with circulatory disorders. Am J Cardiol 1987, 59:669-674.
    • (1987) Am J Cardiol , vol.59 , pp. 669-674
    • Hansen, J.E.1    Sue, D.Y.2    Oren, A.3
  • 37
    • 33846210647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limb hemodynamics are not predictive of functional capacity in patients with PAD
    • Szuba A., Oka R.K., Harada R., et al. Limb hemodynamics are not predictive of functional capacity in patients with PAD. Vasc Med 2006, 11:155-163.
    • (2006) Vasc Med , vol.11 , pp. 155-163
    • Szuba, A.1    Oka, R.K.2    Harada, R.3
  • 38
    • 0029777360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Practical equations to predict claudication pain distances from a graded treadmill test
    • Gardner A.W., Ricci M.A., Case T.D., et al. Practical equations to predict claudication pain distances from a graded treadmill test. Vasc Med 1996, 1:91-96.
    • (1996) Vasc Med , vol.1 , pp. 91-96
    • Gardner, A.W.1    Ricci, M.A.2    Case, T.D.3
  • 39
    • 0026601522 scopus 로고
    • Prediction of claudication pain from clinical measurements obtained at rest
    • Gardner A.W., Skinner J.S., Cantwell B.W., et al. Prediction of claudication pain from clinical measurements obtained at rest. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1992, 24:163-170.
    • (1992) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.24 , pp. 163-170
    • Gardner, A.W.1    Skinner, J.S.2    Cantwell, B.W.3
  • 40
    • 12244313939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The contribution of nitric oxide to exercise hyperemia in the human forearm
    • Gordon M.B., Jain R., Beckman J.A., et al. The contribution of nitric oxide to exercise hyperemia in the human forearm. Vasc Med 2002, 7:163-168.
    • (2002) Vasc Med , vol.7 , pp. 163-168
    • Gordon, M.B.1    Jain, R.2    Beckman, J.A.3
  • 41
    • 0035725072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelium-derived nitric oxide regulates arterial elasticity in human arteries in vivo
    • Kinlay S., Creager M.A., Fukumoto M., et al. Endothelium-derived nitric oxide regulates arterial elasticity in human arteries in vivo. Hypertension 2001, 38:1049-1053.
    • (2001) Hypertension , vol.38 , pp. 1049-1053
    • Kinlay, S.1    Creager, M.A.2    Fukumoto, M.3
  • 42
    • 0036711945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined inhibition of nitric oxide and prostaglandins reduces human skeletal muscle blood flow during exercise
    • Boushel R., Langberg H., Gemmer C., et al. Combined inhibition of nitric oxide and prostaglandins reduces human skeletal muscle blood flow during exercise. J Physiol 2002, 543:691-698.
    • (2002) J Physiol , vol.543 , pp. 691-698
    • Boushel, R.1    Langberg, H.2    Gemmer, C.3
  • 43
    • 0028943790 scopus 로고
    • Systemic nature of endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis
    • Anderson T.J., Gerhard M.D., Meredith I.T., et al. Systemic nature of endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis. Am J Cardiol 1995, 75:71B-74B.
    • (1995) Am J Cardiol , vol.75 , pp. 71B-74B
    • Anderson, T.J.1    Gerhard, M.D.2    Meredith, I.T.3
  • 44
    • 24444451218 scopus 로고
    • Effects of diabetes on monocyte-endothelial interactions and endothelial superoxide production in fructose-induced insulin-resistant and hypertensive rats
    • Tsao P.S., Buitrago R., Chang H., et al. Effects of diabetes on monocyte-endothelial interactions and endothelial superoxide production in fructose-induced insulin-resistant and hypertensive rats. Circulation 1995, 92:A2666.
    • (1995) Circulation , vol.92 , pp. A2666
    • Tsao, P.S.1    Buitrago, R.2    Chang, H.3
  • 45
    • 0026071074 scopus 로고
    • Differential impairment of vasodilator responsiveness of peripheral resistance and conduit vessels in humans with atherosclerosis
    • Liao J.K., Bettmann M.A., Sandor T., et al. Differential impairment of vasodilator responsiveness of peripheral resistance and conduit vessels in humans with atherosclerosis. Circ Res 1991, 68:1027-1034.
    • (1991) Circ Res , vol.68 , pp. 1027-1034
    • Liao, J.K.1    Bettmann, M.A.2    Sandor, T.3
  • 46
    • 56749146325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improvement in systemic endothelial condition following amputation in patients with critical limb ischemia
    • Newton D.J., Khan F., Kennedy G., et al. Improvement in systemic endothelial condition following amputation in patients with critical limb ischemia. Int Angiol 2008, 27:408-412.
    • (2008) Int Angiol , vol.27 , pp. 408-412
    • Newton, D.J.1    Khan, F.2    Kennedy, G.3
  • 47
    • 0029560968 scopus 로고
    • Relation of haemostatic, fibrinolytic, and rheological variables to the angiographic extent of peripheral arterial occlusive disease
    • Woodburn K.R., Lowe G.D., Rumley A., et al. Relation of haemostatic, fibrinolytic, and rheological variables to the angiographic extent of peripheral arterial occlusive disease. Int Angiol 1995, 14:346-352.
    • (1995) Int Angiol , vol.14 , pp. 346-352
    • Woodburn, K.R.1    Lowe, G.D.2    Rumley, A.3
  • 48
    • 0015763507 scopus 로고
    • Clinical, haemodynamic, rheological, and biochemical findings in 126 patients with intermittent claudication
    • Dormandy J.A., Hoare E., Colley J., et al. Clinical, haemodynamic, rheological, and biochemical findings in 126 patients with intermittent claudication. Br Med J 1973, 4:576-581.
    • (1973) Br Med J , vol.4 , pp. 576-581
    • Dormandy, J.A.1    Hoare, E.2    Colley, J.3
  • 49
    • 0017316612 scopus 로고
    • Impaired red cell deformability in peripheral vascular disease
    • Reid H.L., Dormandy J.A., Barnes A.J., et al. Impaired red cell deformability in peripheral vascular disease. Lancet 1976, 1:666-668.
    • (1976) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 666-668
    • Reid, H.L.1    Dormandy, J.A.2    Barnes, A.J.3
  • 50
    • 0034004031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemorheologic variables in critical limb ischemia before and after infrainguinal reconstruction
    • Holmberg A., Sandhagen B., Bergqvist D. Hemorheologic variables in critical limb ischemia before and after infrainguinal reconstruction. J Vasc Surg 2000, 31:691-695.
    • (2000) J Vasc Surg , vol.31 , pp. 691-695
    • Holmberg, A.1    Sandhagen, B.2    Bergqvist, D.3
  • 51
    • 0023925730 scopus 로고
    • Abnormal flow properties of white blood cells in patients with severe ischaemia of the leg
    • Nash G.B., Thomas P.R., Dormandy J.A. Abnormal flow properties of white blood cells in patients with severe ischaemia of the leg. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1988, 296:1699-1701.
    • (1988) Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) , vol.296 , pp. 1699-1701
    • Nash, G.B.1    Thomas, P.R.2    Dormandy, J.A.3
  • 52
    • 0345189548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neutrophil count and amputation in critical limb ischaemia
    • Belch J.J., Sohngen M., Robb R., et al. Neutrophil count and amputation in critical limb ischaemia. Int Angiol 1999, 18:140-144.
    • (1999) Int Angiol , vol.18 , pp. 140-144
    • Belch, J.J.1    Sohngen, M.2    Robb, R.3
  • 53
    • 33646941251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ICAM-1 expression and leukocyte behavior in the microcirculation of chronically ischemic rat skeletal muscles
    • Anderson S.I., Shiner R., Brown M.D., et al. ICAM-1 expression and leukocyte behavior in the microcirculation of chronically ischemic rat skeletal muscles. Microvasc Res 2006, 71:205-211.
    • (2006) Microvasc Res , vol.71 , pp. 205-211
    • Anderson, S.I.1    Shiner, R.2    Brown, M.D.3
  • 54
    • 0037771324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Platelet activation is increased in peripheral arterial disease
    • Cassar K., Bachoo P., Ford I., et al. Platelet activation is increased in peripheral arterial disease. J Vasc Surg 2003, 38:99-103.
    • (2003) J Vasc Surg , vol.38 , pp. 99-103
    • Cassar, K.1    Bachoo, P.2    Ford, I.3
  • 55
    • 0034750724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased alpha(1)- and alpha(2)-adrenoceptor-mediated contractile responses of human skeletal muscle resistance arteries in chronic limb ischemia
    • Jarajapu Y.P., Coats P., McGrath J.C., et al. Increased alpha(1)- and alpha(2)-adrenoceptor-mediated contractile responses of human skeletal muscle resistance arteries in chronic limb ischemia. Cardiovasc Res 2001, 49:218-225.
    • (2001) Cardiovasc Res , vol.49 , pp. 218-225
    • Jarajapu, Y.P.1    Coats, P.2    McGrath, J.C.3
  • 56
    • 0034177293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential responses in human subcutaneous and skeletal muscle vascular beds to critical limb ischaemia
    • Coats P., Hillier C. Differential responses in human subcutaneous and skeletal muscle vascular beds to critical limb ischaemia. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2000, 19:387-395.
    • (2000) Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg , vol.19 , pp. 387-395
    • Coats, P.1    Hillier, C.2
  • 57
    • 12244305522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The alpha 1-adrenoceptor profile in human skeletal muscle resistance arteries in critical limb ischaemia
    • Jarajapu Y.P., McGrath J.C., Hillier C., et al. The alpha 1-adrenoceptor profile in human skeletal muscle resistance arteries in critical limb ischaemia. Cardiovasc Res 2003, 57:554-562.
    • (2003) Cardiovasc Res , vol.57 , pp. 554-562
    • Jarajapu, Y.P.1    McGrath, J.C.2    Hillier, C.3
  • 58
    • 0038730953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for the involvement of endothelin-1 but not urotensin-II in chronic lower limb ischaemia in man
    • Tsui J.C., Baker D.M., Biecker E., et al. Evidence for the involvement of endothelin-1 but not urotensin-II in chronic lower limb ischaemia in man. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2003, 25:443-450.
    • (2003) Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg , vol.25 , pp. 443-450
    • Tsui, J.C.1    Baker, D.M.2    Biecker, E.3
  • 59
    • 0026602538 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of the microcirculation provides additional information in critical limb ischaemia
    • Jacobs M.J., Ubbink D.T., Kitslaar P.J., et al. Assessment of the microcirculation provides additional information in critical limb ischaemia. Eur J Vasc Surg 1992, 6:135-141.
    • (1992) Eur J Vasc Surg , vol.6 , pp. 135-141
    • Jacobs, M.J.1    Ubbink, D.T.2    Kitslaar, P.J.3
  • 60
    • 0034080076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alterations in capillary permeability in the lower limb of patients with chronic critical limb ischaemia and oedema
    • Anvar M.D., Khiabani H.Z., Kroese A.J., et al. Alterations in capillary permeability in the lower limb of patients with chronic critical limb ischaemia and oedema. Vasa 2000, 29:106-111.
    • (2000) Vasa , vol.29 , pp. 106-111
    • Anvar, M.D.1    Khiabani, H.Z.2    Kroese, A.J.3
  • 61
    • 13944252561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marriage of resistance and conduit arteries breeds critical limb ischemia
    • Coats P., Wadsworth R. Marriage of resistance and conduit arteries breeds critical limb ischemia. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2005, 288:H1044-H1050.
    • (2005) Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol , vol.288 , pp. H1044-H1050
    • Coats, P.1    Wadsworth, R.2
  • 62
    • 0028170663 scopus 로고
    • Systemic responses in patients with intermittent claudication after treadmill exercise
    • Edwards A.T., Blann A.D., Suarez-Mendez V.J., et al. Systemic responses in patients with intermittent claudication after treadmill exercise. Br J Surg 1994, 81:1738-1741.
    • (1994) Br J Surg , vol.81 , pp. 1738-1741
    • Edwards, A.T.1    Blann, A.D.2    Suarez-Mendez, V.J.3
  • 63
    • 0141918650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The inflammatory process in intermittent claudication
    • Belch J.J., McLaren M., Khan F., et al. The inflammatory process in intermittent claudication. Eur Heart J 2002, 4:B31-B34.
    • (2002) Eur Heart J , vol.4 , pp. B31-B34
    • Belch, J.J.1    McLaren, M.2    Khan, F.3
  • 64
    • 0029550253 scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress is present in atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease and further increased by diabetes mellitus
    • Belch J.J., Mackay I.R., Hill A., et al. Oxidative stress is present in atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease and further increased by diabetes mellitus. Int Angiol 1995, 14:385-388.
    • (1995) Int Angiol , vol.14 , pp. 385-388
    • Belch, J.J.1    Mackay, I.R.2    Hill, A.3
  • 65
    • 0034904240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exercise increases soluble adhesion molecules ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in patients with intermittent claudication
    • Brevetti G., De Caterina M., Martone V.D., et al. Exercise increases soluble adhesion molecules ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in patients with intermittent claudication. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2001, 24:193-199.
    • (2001) Clin Hemorheol Microcirc , vol.24 , pp. 193-199
    • Brevetti, G.1    De Caterina, M.2    Martone, V.D.3
  • 66
    • 0038819007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High circulating levels of cytokines (IL-6 and TNFalpha), adhesion molecules (VCAM-1 and ICAM-1) and selectins in patients with peripheral arterial disease at rest and after a treadmill test
    • Signorelli S.S., Mazzarino M.C., Di Pino L., et al. High circulating levels of cytokines (IL-6 and TNFalpha), adhesion molecules (VCAM-1 and ICAM-1) and selectins in patients with peripheral arterial disease at rest and after a treadmill test. Vasc Med 2003, 8:15-19.
    • (2003) Vasc Med , vol.8 , pp. 15-19
    • Signorelli, S.S.1    Mazzarino, M.C.2    Di Pino, L.3
  • 67
    • 0029028967 scopus 로고
    • Von Willebrand factor, soluble P-selectin, tissue plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor in atherosclerosis
    • Blann A.D., Dobrotova M., Kubisz P., et al. von Willebrand factor, soluble P-selectin, tissue plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor in atherosclerosis. Thromb Haemost 1995, 74:626-630.
    • (1995) Thromb Haemost , vol.74 , pp. 626-630
    • Blann, A.D.1    Dobrotova, M.2    Kubisz, P.3
  • 68
    • 0025061756 scopus 로고
    • Activation and decreased deformability of neutrophils after intermittent claudication
    • Neumann F.J., Waas W., Diehm C., et al. Activation and decreased deformability of neutrophils after intermittent claudication. Circulation 1990, 82:922-929.
    • (1990) Circulation , vol.82 , pp. 922-929
    • Neumann, F.J.1    Waas, W.2    Diehm, C.3
  • 69
    • 0032828089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanism of thromboxane A(2)-induced platelet aggregation. Essential role for p2t(ac) and alpha(2a) receptors
    • Paul B.Z., Jin J., Kunapuli S.P. Molecular mechanism of thromboxane A(2)-induced platelet aggregation. Essential role for p2t(ac) and alpha(2a) receptors. J Biol Chem 1999, 274:29108-29114.
    • (1999) J Biol Chem , vol.274 , pp. 29108-29114
    • Paul, B.Z.1    Jin, J.2    Kunapuli, S.P.3
  • 70
    • 0030772255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repeated exercise induces release of soluble P-selectin in patients with intermittent claudication
    • Kirkpatrick U.J., Mossa M., Blann A.D., et al. Repeated exercise induces release of soluble P-selectin in patients with intermittent claudication. Thromb Haemost 1997, 78:1338-1342.
    • (1997) Thromb Haemost , vol.78 , pp. 1338-1342
    • Kirkpatrick, U.J.1    Mossa, M.2    Blann, A.D.3
  • 71
    • 0037771324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Platelet activation is increased in peripheral arterial disease
    • Cassar K., Bachoo P., Ford I., et al. Platelet activation is increased in peripheral arterial disease. J Vasc Surg 2003, 38:99-103.
    • (2003) J Vasc Surg , vol.38 , pp. 99-103
    • Cassar, K.1    Bachoo, P.2    Ford, I.3
  • 72
    • 0042334655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular adhesion molecules and cardiovascular disease. Part I. Their expression and role in atherogenesis
    • Hope S.A., Meredith I.T. Cellular adhesion molecules and cardiovascular disease. Part I. Their expression and role in atherogenesis. Intern Med J 2003, 33:380-386.
    • (2003) Intern Med J , vol.33 , pp. 380-386
    • Hope, S.A.1    Meredith, I.T.2
  • 73
    • 0024476579 scopus 로고
    • Neutrophil function in ischemic heart disease
    • Mehta J., Dinerman J., Mehta P., et al. Neutrophil function in ischemic heart disease. Circulation 1989, 79:549-556.
    • (1989) Circulation , vol.79 , pp. 549-556
    • Mehta, J.1    Dinerman, J.2    Mehta, P.3
  • 74
    • 0027212213 scopus 로고
    • Blood viscosity, fibrinogen, and activation of coagulation and leukocytes in peripheral arterial disease and the normal population in the Edinburgh Artery Study
    • Lowe G.D.O., Fowkes F.G.R., Dawes J., et al. Blood viscosity, fibrinogen, and activation of coagulation and leukocytes in peripheral arterial disease and the normal population in the Edinburgh Artery Study. Circulation 1993, 87:1915-1920.
    • (1993) Circulation , vol.87 , pp. 1915-1920
    • Lowe, G.D.O.1    Fowkes, F.G.R.2    Dawes, J.3
  • 75
    • 0036550585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exercise training reduces the acute inflammatory response associated with claudication
    • Turton E.P., Coughlin P.A., Kester R.C., et al. Exercise training reduces the acute inflammatory response associated with claudication. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2002, 23:309-316.
    • (2002) Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg , vol.23 , pp. 309-316
    • Turton, E.P.1    Coughlin, P.A.2    Kester, R.C.3
  • 76
    • 0025895003 scopus 로고
    • Ischemic and reperfusion injury in the heart: cellular mechanisms and pharmacologic interventions
    • Karmazyn M. Ischemic and reperfusion injury in the heart: cellular mechanisms and pharmacologic interventions. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1991, 69:719-730.
    • (1991) Can J Physiol Pharmacol , vol.69 , pp. 719-730
    • Karmazyn, M.1
  • 77
    • 84907037809 scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial generation of oxygen radicals during reoxygenation of ischemic tissues
    • Turrens J.F., Beconi M., Barilla J., et al. Mitochondrial generation of oxygen radicals during reoxygenation of ischemic tissues. Free Radic Res Commun 1991, 12-13(Pt 2):681-689.
    • (1991) Free Radic Res Commun , pp. 681-689
    • Turrens, J.F.1    Beconi, M.2    Barilla, J.3
  • 78
    • 0035650674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial function and oxygen supply in normal and in chronically ischemic muscle: a combined 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy and near infrared spectroscopy study in vivo
    • Kemp G.J., Roberts N., Bimson W.E., et al. Mitochondrial function and oxygen supply in normal and in chronically ischemic muscle: a combined 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy and near infrared spectroscopy study in vivo. J Vasc Surg 2001, 34:1103-1110.
    • (2001) J Vasc Surg , vol.34 , pp. 1103-1110
    • Kemp, G.J.1    Roberts, N.2    Bimson, W.E.3
  • 79
    • 0028633411 scopus 로고
    • Exercise in patients with intermittent claudication results in the generation of oxygen derived free radicals and endothelial damage
    • Hickman P., Harrison D.K., Hill A., et al. Exercise in patients with intermittent claudication results in the generation of oxygen derived free radicals and endothelial damage. Adv Exp Med Biol 1994, 361:565-570.
    • (1994) Adv Exp Med Biol , vol.361 , pp. 565-570
    • Hickman, P.1    Harrison, D.K.2    Hill, A.3
  • 80
    • 0025782303 scopus 로고
    • Free radical production in peripheral vascular disease. A risk for critical ischaemia?
    • Ciuffetti G., Mercuri M., Mannarino E., et al. Free radical production in peripheral vascular disease. A risk for critical ischaemia?. Int Angiol 1991, 10:81-87.
    • (1991) Int Angiol , vol.10 , pp. 81-87
    • Ciuffetti, G.1    Mercuri, M.2    Mannarino, E.3
  • 81
    • 77957219707 scopus 로고
    • Marked increase in the number and variety of mitochondrial DNA rearrangements in aging human skeletal muscle
    • Melov S., Shoffner J.M., Kaufman A., et al. Marked increase in the number and variety of mitochondrial DNA rearrangements in aging human skeletal muscle. Nucleic Acids Res 1995, 23:4122-4126.
    • (1995) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.23 , pp. 4122-4126
    • Melov, S.1    Shoffner, J.M.2    Kaufman, A.3
  • 82
    • 0032934572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skeletal muscle mitochondrial DNA injury in patients with unilateral peripheral arterial disease
    • Bhat H.K., Hiatt W.R., Hoppel C.L., et al. Skeletal muscle mitochondrial DNA injury in patients with unilateral peripheral arterial disease. Circulation 1999, 99:807-812.
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.99 , pp. 807-812
    • Bhat, H.K.1    Hiatt, W.R.2    Hoppel, C.L.3
  • 83
    • 0020508510 scopus 로고
    • Impaired function of mitochondrial electron transfer complex I in canine myocardial ischemia: loss of flavin mononucleotide
    • Rouslin W., Ranganathan S. Impaired function of mitochondrial electron transfer complex I in canine myocardial ischemia: loss of flavin mononucleotide. J Mol Cell Cardiol 1983, 15:537-542.
    • (1983) J Mol Cell Cardiol , vol.15 , pp. 537-542
    • Rouslin, W.1    Ranganathan, S.2
  • 84
    • 0344392953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apoptosis and oxidants in the heart
    • Kumar D., Jugdutt B.I. Apoptosis and oxidants in the heart. J Lab Clin Med 2003, 142:288-297.
    • (2003) J Lab Clin Med , vol.142 , pp. 288-297
    • Kumar, D.1    Jugdutt, B.I.2
  • 85
    • 0038199601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in aging
    • Sastre J., Pallardo F.V., Vina J. The role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in aging. Free Radic Biol Med 2003, 35:1-8.
    • (2003) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.35 , pp. 1-8
    • Sastre, J.1    Pallardo, F.V.2    Vina, J.3
  • 86
    • 0030034465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin C improves endothelium-dependent vasodilation in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
    • Ting H.H., Timimi F.K., Boles K.S., et al. Vitamin C improves endothelium-dependent vasodilation in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Clin Invest 1996, 97:22-28.
    • (1996) J Clin Invest , vol.97 , pp. 22-28
    • Ting, H.H.1    Timimi, F.K.2    Boles, K.S.3
  • 87
    • 10744222579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term effect of combined vitamins E and C on coronary and peripheral endothelial function
    • Kinlay S., Behrendt D., Fang J.C., et al. Long-term effect of combined vitamins E and C on coronary and peripheral endothelial function. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004, 43:629-634.
    • (2004) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.43 , pp. 629-634
    • Kinlay, S.1    Behrendt, D.2    Fang, J.C.3
  • 88
    • 12144287211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined L-arginine and antioxidative vitamin treatment mollifies ischemia-reperfusion injury of skeletal muscle
    • Nanobashvili J., Neumayer C., Fuegl A., et al. Combined L-arginine and antioxidative vitamin treatment mollifies ischemia-reperfusion injury of skeletal muscle. J Vasc Surg 2004, 39:868-877.
    • (2004) J Vasc Surg , vol.39 , pp. 868-877
    • Nanobashvili, J.1    Neumayer, C.2    Fuegl, A.3
  • 89
    • 0027475384 scopus 로고
    • Chronic changes in skeletal muscle histology and function in peripheral arterial disease
    • Regensteiner J.G., Wolfel E.E., Brass E.P., et al. Chronic changes in skeletal muscle histology and function in peripheral arterial disease. Circulation 1993, 87:413-421.
    • (1993) Circulation , vol.87 , pp. 413-421
    • Regensteiner, J.G.1    Wolfel, E.E.2    Brass, E.P.3
  • 90
    • 0034019452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of myosin heavy chain isoforms in skeletal muscle of patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease
    • Steinacker J.M., Opitz-Gress A., Baur S., et al. Expression of myosin heavy chain isoforms in skeletal muscle of patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease. J Vasc Surg 2000, 31:443-449.
    • (2000) J Vasc Surg , vol.31 , pp. 443-449
    • Steinacker, J.M.1    Opitz-Gress, A.2    Baur, S.3
  • 91
    • 18844451291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skeletal muscle phenotype is associated with exercise tolerance in patients with peripheral arterial disease
    • Askew C.D., Green S., Walker P.J., et al. Skeletal muscle phenotype is associated with exercise tolerance in patients with peripheral arterial disease. J Vasc Surg 2005, 41:802-807.
    • (2005) J Vasc Surg , vol.41 , pp. 802-807
    • Askew, C.D.1    Green, S.2    Walker, P.J.3
  • 92
    • 0035205552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Muscle fiber characteristics in patients with peripheral arterial disease
    • McGuigan M.R., Bronks R., Newton R.U., et al. Muscle fiber characteristics in patients with peripheral arterial disease. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2001, 33:2016-2021.
    • (2001) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.33 , pp. 2016-2021
    • McGuigan, M.R.1    Bronks, R.2    Newton, R.U.3
  • 93
    • 38449085103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased levels of apoptosis in gastrocnemius skeletal muscle in patients with peripheral arterial disease
    • Mitchell R.G., Duscha B.D., Robbins J.L., et al. Increased levels of apoptosis in gastrocnemius skeletal muscle in patients with peripheral arterial disease. Vasc Med 2007, 12:285-290.
    • (2007) Vasc Med , vol.12 , pp. 285-290
    • Mitchell, R.G.1    Duscha, B.D.2    Robbins, J.L.3
  • 94
    • 0025790949 scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor induces skeletal muscle protein breakdown in rats
    • Goodman M.N. Tumor necrosis factor induces skeletal muscle protein breakdown in rats. Am J Physiol 1991, 260:E727-E730.
    • (1991) Am J Physiol , vol.260 , pp. E727-E730
    • Goodman, M.N.1
  • 95
    • 0028201322 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-6 induces skeletal muscle protein breakdown in rats
    • Goodman M.N. Interleukin-6 induces skeletal muscle protein breakdown in rats. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1994, 205:182-185.
    • (1994) Proc Soc Exp Biol Med , vol.205 , pp. 182-185
    • Goodman, M.N.1
  • 96
    • 0036237810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha with muscle mass and muscle strength in elderly men and women: the Health ABC Study
    • Visser M., Pahor M., Taaffe D.R., et al. Relationship of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha with muscle mass and muscle strength in elderly men and women: the Health ABC Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2002, 57:M326-M332.
    • (2002) J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci , vol.57 , pp. M326-M332
    • Visser, M.1    Pahor, M.2    Taaffe, D.R.3
  • 97
    • 0034097181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced apoptosis is associated with suppression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-5 secretion in differentiating murine skeletal myoblasts
    • Meadows K.A., Holly J.M., Stewart C.E. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced apoptosis is associated with suppression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-5 secretion in differentiating murine skeletal myoblasts. J Cell Physiol 2000, 183:330-337.
    • (2000) J Cell Physiol , vol.183 , pp. 330-337
    • Meadows, K.A.1    Holly, J.M.2    Stewart, C.E.3
  • 98
    • 34548014779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated levels of inflammation, D-dimer, and homocysteine are associated with adverse calf muscle characteristics and reduced calf strength in peripheral arterial disease
    • McDermott M.M., Ferrucci L., Guralnik J.M., et al. Elevated levels of inflammation, D-dimer, and homocysteine are associated with adverse calf muscle characteristics and reduced calf strength in peripheral arterial disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007, 50:897-905.
    • (2007) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.50 , pp. 897-905
    • McDermott, M.M.1    Ferrucci, L.2    Guralnik, J.M.3
  • 99
    • 0028902563 scopus 로고
    • Progression of neuropathy in peripheral arterial disease
    • England J.D., Ferguson M.A., Hiatt W.R., et al. Progression of neuropathy in peripheral arterial disease. Muscle Nerve 1995, 18:380-387.
    • (1995) Muscle Nerve , vol.18 , pp. 380-387
    • England, J.D.1    Ferguson, M.A.2    Hiatt, W.R.3
  • 100
    • 1542748165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peripheral neuropathy associated with ischemic vascular disease of the lower limbs
    • Laghi P.F., Pastorelli M., Beermann U., et al. Peripheral neuropathy associated with ischemic vascular disease of the lower limbs. Angiology 1996, 47:569-577.
    • (1996) Angiology , vol.47 , pp. 569-577
    • Laghi, P.F.1    Pastorelli, M.2    Beermann, U.3
  • 101
    • 0035949803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic ischemic monomelic neuropathy from critical limb ischemia
    • Weinberg D.H., Simovic D., Isner J., et al. Chronic ischemic monomelic neuropathy from critical limb ischemia. Neurology 2001, 57:1008-1012.
    • (2001) Neurology , vol.57 , pp. 1008-1012
    • Weinberg, D.H.1    Simovic, D.2    Isner, J.3
  • 102
    • 0035205552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Muscle fiber characteristics in patients with peripheral arterial disease
    • McGuigan M.R., Bronks R., Newton R.U., et al. Muscle fiber characteristics in patients with peripheral arterial disease. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2001, 33:2016-2021.
    • (2001) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.33 , pp. 2016-2021
    • McGuigan, M.R.1    Bronks, R.2    Newton, R.U.3
  • 105
    • 33748954122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lack of relationship between gait parameters and physical function in peripheral arterial disease
    • Scherer S.A., Hiatt W.R., Regensteiner J.G. Lack of relationship between gait parameters and physical function in peripheral arterial disease. J Vasc Surg 2006, 44:782-788.
    • (2006) J Vasc Surg , vol.44 , pp. 782-788
    • Scherer, S.A.1    Hiatt, W.R.2    Regensteiner, J.G.3
  • 106
    • 34247639142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skeletal muscle StO(2) kinetics are slowed during low work rate calf exercise in peripheral arterial disease
    • Bauer T.A., Brass E.P., Barstow T.J., et al. Skeletal muscle StO(2) kinetics are slowed during low work rate calf exercise in peripheral arterial disease. Eur J Appl Physiol 2007, 100:143-151.
    • (2007) Eur J Appl Physiol , vol.100 , pp. 143-151
    • Bauer, T.A.1    Brass, E.P.2    Barstow, T.J.3
  • 107
    • 0000168750 scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial complexes I, II, III, IV, and V in myocardial ischemia and autolysis
    • Rouslin W. Mitochondrial complexes I, II, III, IV, and V in myocardial ischemia and autolysis. Am J Physiol 1983, 244:H743-H748.
    • (1983) Am J Physiol , vol.244 , pp. H743-H748
    • Rouslin, W.1
  • 108
    • 0035012131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decreased NADH dehydrogenase and ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase in peripheral arterial disease
    • Brass E.P., Hiatt W.R., Gardner A.W., et al. Decreased NADH dehydrogenase and ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase in peripheral arterial disease. Am J Physiol 2001, 280:H603-H609.
    • (2001) Am J Physiol , vol.280 , pp. H603-H609
    • Brass, E.P.1    Hiatt, W.R.2    Gardner, A.W.3
  • 109
    • 0027654218 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative analysis by 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy of abnormal mitochondrial oxidation in skeletal muscle during recovery from exercise
    • Kemp G.J., Taylor D.J., Thompson C.H., et al. Quantitative analysis by 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy of abnormal mitochondrial oxidation in skeletal muscle during recovery from exercise. NMR Biomed 1993, 6:302-310.
    • (1993) NMR Biomed , vol.6 , pp. 302-310
    • Kemp, G.J.1    Taylor, D.J.2    Thompson, C.H.3
  • 110
    • 0026442150 scopus 로고
    • Adaptation of mitochondrial ATP production in human skeletal muscle to endurance training and detraining
    • Wibom R., Hultman E., Johansson M., et al. Adaptation of mitochondrial ATP production in human skeletal muscle to endurance training and detraining. J Appl Physiol 1992, 73:2004-2010.
    • (1992) J Appl Physiol , vol.73 , pp. 2004-2010
    • Wibom, R.1    Hultman, E.2    Johansson, M.3
  • 111
    • 0032898197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships between muscle mitochondrial DNA content, mitochondrial enzyme activity and oxidative capacity in man: Alterations with disease
    • Wang H., Hiatt W.R., Barstow T.J., et al. Relationships between muscle mitochondrial DNA content, mitochondrial enzyme activity and oxidative capacity in man: Alterations with disease. Eur J Appl Physiol 1999, 80:22-27.
    • (1999) Eur J Appl Physiol , vol.80 , pp. 22-27
    • Wang, H.1    Hiatt, W.R.2    Barstow, T.J.3
  • 112
    • 0024428059 scopus 로고
    • Muscle enzyme adaptation in patients with peripheral arterial insufficiency: Spontaneous adaptation, effect of different treatments and consequences on walking performance
    • Lundgren F., Dahllof A.G., Schersten T., et al. Muscle enzyme adaptation in patients with peripheral arterial insufficiency: Spontaneous adaptation, effect of different treatments and consequences on walking performance. Clin Sci 1989, 77:485-493.
    • (1989) Clin Sci , vol.77 , pp. 485-493
    • Lundgren, F.1    Dahllof, A.G.2    Schersten, T.3
  • 113
    • 0029746681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of exercise training on skeletal muscle histology and metabolism in peripheral arterial disease
    • Hiatt W.R., Regensteiner J.G., Wolfel E.E., et al. Effect of exercise training on skeletal muscle histology and metabolism in peripheral arterial disease. J Appl Physiol 1996, 81:780-788.
    • (1996) J Appl Physiol , vol.81 , pp. 780-788
    • Hiatt, W.R.1    Regensteiner, J.G.2    Wolfel, E.E.3
  • 114
    • 0023938620 scopus 로고
    • Calf muscle adaptation in intermittent claudication. Side-differences in muscle metabolic characteristics in patients with unilateral arterial disease
    • Jansson E., Johansson J., Sylven C., et al. Calf muscle adaptation in intermittent claudication. Side-differences in muscle metabolic characteristics in patients with unilateral arterial disease. Clin Physiol 1988, 8:17-29.
    • (1988) Clin Physiol , vol.8 , pp. 17-29
    • Jansson, E.1    Johansson, J.2    Sylven, C.3
  • 115
    • 0019325901 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between acid-soluble carnitine and coenzyme A pools in vivo
    • Brass E.P., Hoppel C.L. Relationship between acid-soluble carnitine and coenzyme A pools in vivo. Biochem J 1980, 190:495-504.
    • (1980) Biochem J , vol.190 , pp. 495-504
    • Brass, E.P.1    Hoppel, C.L.2
  • 116
    • 0023180873 scopus 로고
    • Carnitine metabolism during exercise in patients with peripheral vascular disease
    • Hiatt W.R., Nawaz D., Brass E.P. Carnitine metabolism during exercise in patients with peripheral vascular disease. J Appl Physiol 1987, 62:2383-2387.
    • (1987) J Appl Physiol , vol.62 , pp. 2383-2387
    • Hiatt, W.R.1    Nawaz, D.2    Brass, E.P.3
  • 117
    • 0026683401 scopus 로고
    • Skeletal muscle carnitine metabolism in patients with unilateral peripheral arterial disease
    • Hiatt W.R., Wolfel E.E., Regensteiner J.G., et al. Skeletal muscle carnitine metabolism in patients with unilateral peripheral arterial disease. J Appl Physiol 1992, 73:346-353.
    • (1992) J Appl Physiol , vol.73 , pp. 346-353
    • Hiatt, W.R.1    Wolfel, E.E.2    Regensteiner, J.G.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.