Trauma-associated tinnitus

Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation

Volumn 29, Issue 5, 2014, Pages 432-442

  Kreuzer, Peter M ^a   Landgrebe, Michael ^a,b   Vielsmeier, Veronika ^a   Kleinjung, Tobias ^c   De Ridder, Dirk ^d,e   Langguth, Berthold ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF REGENSBURG   (Germany)

^b Social Foundation Bamberg   (Germany)

^c UNIVERSITY OF ZURICH   (Switzerland)

^d Brain Research Center Antwerp for Innovative and Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation   (Belgium)

^e UNIVERSITY OF OTAGO   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

Blast; Brain injury; Chronic tinnitus; Noise trauma; Trauma; Whiplash

Indexed keywords

ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULA; ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATION; AUDITORY OSSICLE; BAROTRAUMA; BLAST INJURY; CAROTID ARTERY INJURY; CAROTID CAVERNOUS FISTULA; CONCUSSION; EARDRUM PERFORATION; FRACTURE; HUMAN; INJURY; LOUDNESS RECRUITMENT; NOISE INJURY; PERILYMPH FISTULA; PETROUS BONE; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER; PSYCHOTRAUMA; REVIEW; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; TEMPORAL BONE; TINNITUS; TRAUMA ASSOCIATED TINNITUS; TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY; WHIPLASH INJURY; ADVERSE EFFECTS; BRAIN INJURY; COMPLICATION; FISTULA; INJURIES; INNER EAR; INNER EAR DISEASE; NECK INJURY; NOISE; SKULL FRACTURE;

BAROTRAUMA; BLAST INJURIES; BRAIN INJURIES; CAROTID ARTERY INJURIES; CAROTID-CAVERNOUS SINUS FISTULA; EAR OSSICLES; EAR, INNER; FISTULA; HUMANS; LABYRINTH DISEASES; NECK INJURIES; NOISE; SKULL FRACTURES; STRESS DISORDERS, POST-TRAUMATIC; TEMPORAL BONE; TINNITUS;

EID: 84925962833     PISSN: 08859701     EISSN: 1550509X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/HTR.0b013e31829d3129     Document Type: Review

References (152)

1. Axelsson A, Ringdahl A. Tinnitus-a study of its prevalence and characteristics. Br J Audiol. 1989;23(1):53-62.
2. Hoffmann HJ, Reed G. Epidemiology of tinnitus. In: Snow JB, ed. Tinnitus: Theory and Management. Hamilton, ON, Canada: BC Decker; 2004:16-41.
3. Khedr EM, Ahmed MA, Shawky OA, Mohamed ES, El Attar GS, Mohammad KA. Epidemiological study of chronic tinnitus in Assiut, Egypt. Neuroepidemiology. 2010;35(1):45-52.
4. Cronlein T, Langguth B, Geisler P, Hajak G. Tinnitus and insomnia. Prog Brain Res. 2007;166:227-233.
5. Dobie RA. Depression and tinnitus. Otolaryngol Clin N Am. 2003;36(2):383-388.
6. Langguth B, Landgrebe M, Kleinjung T, Sand GP, Hajak G. Tinnitus and depression. World J Biol Psychiatry. 2011;12(7):489-500.
7. Belli S, Belli H, Bahcebasi T, Ozcetin A, Alpay E, Ertem U. Assessment of psychopathological aspects and psychiatric comorbidities in patients affected by tinnitus. EurArch Otorhinolaryngol. 2008;265(3):279-285.
8. Folmer RL, Griest SE, Meikle MB, Martin WH. Tinnitus severity, loudness, and depression. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1999;121(1):48-51.
9. Malouff JM, Schutte NS, Zucker LA. Tinnitus-related distress: a review of recent findings. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2011;13(1):31-36.
10. Marciano E, Carrabba L, Giannini P, et al. Psychiatric comorbidity in a population of outpatients affected by tinnitus. Int J Audiol. 2003;42(1):4-9.
11. Andersson G, Freijd A, Baguley DM, Idrizbegovic E. Tinnitus distress, anxiety, depression, and hearing problems among cochlear implant patients with tinnitus. J Am Acad Audiol. 2009;20(5):315-319.
12. Crocetti A, Forti S, Ambrosetti U, Bo LD. Questionnaires to evaluate anxiety and depressive levels in tinnitus patients. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2009;140(3):403-405.
13. Halford JB, Anderson SD. Anxiety and depression in tinnitus sufferers. J Psychosom Res. 1991;35(4/5):383-390.
14. Hesser H, Andersson G. The role of anxiety sensitivity and behavioral avoidance in tinnitus disability. Int J Audiol. 2009;48(5):295-299.
15. Rossiter S, Stevens C, Walker G. Tinnitus and its effect on working memory and attention. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2006;49(1):150-160.
16. Stevens C, Walker G, Boyer M, Gallagher M. Severe tinnitus and its effect on selective and divided attention. Int J Audiol. 2007;46(5):208-216.
17. Dobie R. Clinical trials and drug therapy for tinnitus. In: Snow JB, ed. Tinnitus: Theory and Management. Hamilton, ON, Canada: BC Decker; 2004:266-277.
18. Jacobson GP, McCaslin DL. A search for evidence of a direct relationship between tinnitus and suicide. J Am Acad Audiol. 2001;12(10):493-496.
19. Lewis JE. Tinnitus and suicide. JAmAcad Audiol. 2002;13(6):339; author reply 339-341.
20. Lewis JE, Stephens SD, McKenna L. Tinnitus and suicide. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci. 1994;19(1):50-54.
21. Turner O, Windfuhr K, Kapur N. Suicide in deaf populations: a literature review. Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2007;6:26.
22. Sindhusake D, Golding M, Wigney D, Newall P, Jakobsen K, Mitchell P. Factors predicting severity of tinnitus: a populationbased assessment. J Am Acad Audiol. 2004;15(4):269-280.
23. Folmer RL, Griest SE. Chronic tinnitus resulting from head or neck injuries. Laryngoscope. 2003;113(5):821-827.
24. Axelsson A, Sandh A. Tinnitus in noise-induced hearing loss. Br J Audiol. 1985;19(4):271-276.
25. Leske MC. Prevalence estimates of communicative disorders in the United States language, hearing and vestibular disorders. ASHA. 1981;23(3):229-237.
26. Eggermont JJ, Roberts LE. The neuroscience of tinnitus. Trends Neurosci. 2004;27(11):676-682.
27. Kaltenbach JA. Tinnitus: models and mechanisms. Hear Res. 2011;276(1/2):52-60.
28. Roberts LE, Eggermont JJ, Caspary DM, Shore SE, Melcher JR, Kaltenbach JA. Ringing ears: the neuroscience of tinnitus. J Neurosci. 2010;30(45):14972-14979.
29. Eggermont JJ, Komiya H. Moderate noise trauma in juvenile cats results in profound cortical topographic map changes in adulthood. Hear Res. 2000;142(1/2):89-101.
30. Gehr DD, Komiya H, Eggermont JJ. Neuronal responses in cat primary auditory cortex to natural and altered species-specific calls. Hear Res. 2000;150(1/2):27-42.
31. Komiya H, Eggermont JJ. Spontaneous firing activity of cortical neurons in adult cats with reorganized tonotopic map following pure-tone trauma. Acta Otolaryngol. 2000;120(6):750-756.
32. Shore SE. Plasticity of somatosensory inputs to the cochlear nucleus-implications for tinnitus. Hear Res. 2011;281(1/2):38-46.
33. Shore SE, Koehler S, Oldakowski M, Hughes LF, Syed S. Dorsal cochlear nucleus responses to somatosensory stimulation are enhanced after noise-induced hearing loss. Eur J Neurosci. 2008;27(1):155-168.
34. Levine RA. Somatic (craniocervical) tinnitus and the dorsal cochlear nucleus hypothesis. Am J Otolaryngol. 1999;20(6):351-362.
35. Vielsmeier V, Strutz J, Kleinjung T, et al. Temporomandibular joint disorder complaints in tinnitus: further hints for a putative tinnitus subtype. PLoS One. 2012;7(6):e38887.
36. Mao JC, Pace E, Pierozynski P, et al. Blast-induced tinnitus and hearing loss in rats: behavioral and imaging assays. JNeurotrauma. 2012;29(2):430-444.
37. Fausti SA, Wilmington DJ, Gallun FJ, Myers PJ, Henry JA. Auditory and vestibular dysfunction associated with blast-related traumatic brain injury. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2009;46(6):797-810.
38. Ansell MJ, Breeze J, McAlister VC, Williams MD. Management of devastating ocular trauma-experience of maxillofacial surgeons deployed to a forward field hospital. J R Army Med Corps. 2010;156(2):106-109.
39. Breeze J, Cooper H, Pearson CR, Henney S, Reid A. Ear injuries sustained by British service personnel subjected to blast trauma. J Laryngol Otol. 2011;125(1):13-17.
40. Breeze J, Gibbons AJ, Hunt NC, et al. Mandibular fractures in British military personnel secondary to blast trauma sustained in Iraq and Afghanistan. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2011;49(8):607-611.
41. Dougherty AL, MacGregor AJ, Han PP, Heltemes KJ, Galarneau MR. Visual dysfunction following blast-related traumatic brain injury from the battlefield. Brain Inj. 2011;25(1):8-13.
42. MacGregor AJ, Dougherty AL, Galarneau MR. Injury-specific correlates of combat-related traumatic brain injury in Operation Iraqi Freedom. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2011;26(4):312-318.
43. McVeigh K, Breeze J, Jeynes P, Martin T, Parmar S, Monaghan AM. Clinical strategies in the management of complex maxillofacial injuries sustained by British military personnel. J R Army Med Corps. 2010;156(2):110-113.
44. Mrena R, Paakkonen R, Back L, Pirvola U, Ylikoski J. Otologic consequences of blast exposure: a Finnish case study of a shopping mall bomb explosion. Acta Otolaryngol. 2004;124(8):946-952.
45. Mrena R, Savolainen S, Kiukaanniemi H, Ylikoski J, Makitie AA. The effect of tightened hearing protection regulations on military noise-induced tinnitus. Int J Audiol. 2009;48(6):394-400.
46. Mrena R, Savolainen S, Kuokkanen JT, Ylikoski J. Characteristics of tinnitus induced by acute acoustic trauma: a long-term followup. Audiol Neurootol. 2002;7(2):122-130.
47. Mrena R, Savolainen S, Pirvola U, Ylikoski J. Characteristics of acute acoustical trauma in the Finnish Defence Forces. Int J Audiol. 2004;43(3):177-181.
48. Lew HL, Jerger JF, Guillory SB, Henry JA. Auditory dysfunction in traumatic brain injury. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2007;44(7):921-928.
49. Yankaskas K. Prelude: noise-induced tinnitus and hearing loss in the military. Hear Res. 2013;295:3-8.
50. Fagelson MA. The association between tinnitus and posttraumatic stress disorder. Am J Audiol. 2007;16(2):107-117.
51. Moller A, Langguth B, De Ridder D, Kleinjung T. Textbook of Tinnitus. New York, NY: Springer; 2011.
52. Jury MA, Flynn MC. Auditory and vestibular sequelae to traumatic brain injury: a pilot study. N Z Med J. 2001;114(1134):286-288.
53. Thurman D, Guerrero J. Trends in hospitalization associated with traumatic brain injury. JAMA. 1999;282(10):954-957.
54. Thurman DJ, Alverson C, Dunn KA, Guerrero J, Sniezek JE. Traumatic brain injury in the United States: a public health perspective. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 1999;14(6):602-615.
55. Warden D. Military TBI during the Iraq and Afghanistan wars. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2006;21(5):398-402.
56. MacGregor AJ, Shaffer RA, Dougherty AL, et al. Prevalence and psychological correlates of traumatic brain injury in Operation Iraqi Freedom. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2010;25(1):1-8.
57. Terrio H, Brenner LA, Ivins BJ, et al. Traumatic brain injury screening: preliminary findings in a United States Army Brigade Combat Team. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2009;24(1):14-23.
58. Gondusky JS, Reiter MP. Protecting military convoys in Iraq: an examination of battle injuries sustained by a pilot study mechanized battalion during Operation Iraqi Freedom II. Mil Med. 2005;170(6):546-549.
59. Geckle L, Lee R. Soldier Perceptions of Deployment Environmental Exposures. Albuquerque, NM: Force Health Protection Conference; 2004.
60. Hinton DE, Chhean D, Pich V, Hofmann SG, Barlow DH. Tinnitus among Cambodian refugees: relationship to PTSD severity. J Trauma Stress. 2006;19(4):541-546.
61. Schecklmann M, Lehner A, Poeppl TB, et al. Auditory cortex is implicated in tinnitus distress: a voxel-based morphometry study Brain Struct Funct. 2013;218(4):1061-1070.
62. Schaette R, McAlpine D. Tinnitus with a normal audiogram: physiological evidence for hidden hearing loss and computational model. J Neurosci. 2011;31(38):13452-13457.
63. Norena AJ, Tomita M, Eggermont JJ. Neural changes in cat auditory cortex after a transient pure-tone trauma. J Neurophysiol. 2003;90(4):2387-2401.
64. Ortmann M, Muller N, Schlee W, Weisz N. Rapid increases of gamma power in the auditory cortex following noise trauma in humans. Eur J Neurosci. 2011;33(3):568-575.
65. Nicolas-Puel C, Akbaraly T, Lloyd R, et al. Characteristics of tinnitus in a population of 555 patients: specificities of tinnitus induced by noise trauma. Int Tinnitus J. 2006;12(1):64-70.
66. Axelsson A, Prasher D. Tinnitus induced by occupational and leisure noise. Noise Health. 2000;2(8):47-54.
67. Cooper JC, Owen JH. Audiologic profile of noise-induced hearing loss. Arch Otolaryngol. 1976;102(3):148-150.
68. Phoon W, Lee H, Chia S. Tinnitus in noise-exposed workers. OccupMed (Lond). 1993;43(1):35-38.
69. Hagberg M, Thiringer G, Brandstrom L. Incidence of tinnitus, impaired hearing and musculoskeletal disorders among students enrolled in academic music education: a retrospective cohort study. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2005;78(7):575-583.
70. Demeester K, Van Wieringen A, Hendrickx JJ, et al. Prevalence of tinnitus and audiometric shape. B-ENT. 2007;3(suppl 7):37-49.
71. Quintanilla-Dieck Mde L, Artunduaga MA, Eavey RD. Intentional exposure to loud music: the second MTV.com survey reveals an opportunity to educate. J Pediatr. 2009;155(4):550-555.
72. Gilles A, De Ridder D, Van Hal G, Wouters K, Kleine Punte A, Van De Heyning P. Prevalence of leisure noise-induced tinnitus and the attitude toward noise in university students. Otol Neurotol. 2012;33(6):899-906.
73. Potier M, Hoquet C, Lloyd R, Nicolas-Puel C, Uziel A, Puel JL. The risks of amplified music for disc-jockeys working in nightclubs. Ear Hear. 2009;30(2):291-293.
74. Rosanowski F, Eysholdt U. In situ sound pressure measurement in a professional violinist with bilateral tinnitus. Laryngorhinootologie. 1996;75(9):514-516.
75. Mittal MK, Kallan MJ, Durbin DR. Breathing difficulty and tinnitus among children exposed to airbag deployment. Accid Anal Prev. 2007;39(3):624-328.
76. Baloh RW. Dizziness, Hearing Loss and Tinnitus. Philadelphia, PA: FA Davis; 1998.
77. Mirza S, Richardson H. Otic barotrauma from air travel. J Laryngol Otol. 2005;119(5):366-370.
78. Becker GD, Parell GJ. Barotrauma of the ears and sinuses after scuba diving. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2001;258(4):159-163.
79. Pyykko I, Ishizaki H, Aalto H, Starck J. Relevance of the Tullio phenomenon in assessing perilymphatic leak in vertiginous patients. Am J Otol. 1992;13(4):339-342.
80. Kreuzer PM, Landgrebe M, Schecklmann M, Staudinger S, Langguth B. TRIDatabase Study Group: trauma-associated tinnitus: audiological, demographic and clinical characteristics. PLoS One. 2012;7(9):e45599.
81. Nölle C, Todt I, Seidl RO, Ernst A. Pathophysiological changes of the central auditory pathway after blunt trauma of the head. J Neurotrauma. 2004;21(3):251-258.
82. Fausti SA, Henry JA, Schaffer HI, Olson DJ, Frey RH, Bagby GC Jr. High-frequencymonitoring for early detection of cisplatin ototoxicity. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1993;119(6):661-666.
83. Fausti SA, Henry JA, Schaffer HI, Olson DJ, Frey RH, McDonald WJ. High-frequency audiometric monitoring for early detection of aminoglycoside ototoxicity. J Infect Dis. 1992;165(6):1026-1032.
84. Fausti SA, Larson VD, Noffsinger D, Wilson RH, Phillips DS, Fowler CG. High-frequency audiometric monitoring strategies for early detection of ototoxicity. Ear Hear. 1994;15(3):232-239.
85. Aran JM, Chappert C, Dulon D, Erre JP, Aurousseau C. Uptake of amikacin by hair cells of the guinea pig cochlea and vestibule and ototoxicity: comparison with gentamicin. Hear Res. 1995;82(2):179-183.
86. Brown JJ, Brummett RE, Meikle MB, Vernon J. Combined effects of noise and neomycin. Cochlear changes in the guinea pig. Acta Otolaryngol. 1978;86(5/6):394-400.
87. Fechter LD, Gearhart C, Fulton S, et al. JP-8 jet fuel can promote auditory impairment resulting from subsequent noise exposure in rats. Toxicol Sci. 2007;98(2):510-525.
88. Tranter RM, Graham JR. A review of the otological aspects of whiplash injury. J Forensic Leg Med. 2009;16(2):53-55.
89. Claussen C, Constantinescu L. Tinnitus in whiplash injury. Int Tinnitus J. 1995;1(2):105-114.
90. Claussen CF, Claussen E. Neurootological contributions to the diagnostic follow-up after whiplash injuries. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl. 1995;520(pt 1):53-56.
91. Yoganandan N, Pintar FA, Cusick JF. Biomechanical analyses of whiplash injuries using an experimental model. Accid Anal Prev. 2002;34(5):663-671.
92. Scholten-Peeters GG, Bekkering GE, Verhagen AP, et al. Clinical practice guideline for the physiotherapy of patients with whiplash-associated disorders. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2002;27(4):412-422.
93. Vibert D, Hausler R. Acute peripheral vestibular deficits after whiplash injuries. AnnOtol Rhinol Laryngol. 2003;112(3):246-251.
94. Meenen NM, Katzer A, Dihlmann SW, Held S, Fyfe I, Jungbluth KH. Whiplash injury of the cervical spine: on the role of preexisting degenerative diseases. Unfallchirurgie. 1994;20(3):138-148; discussion 149.
95. Basura GJ, Koehler SD, Shore SE. Multi-sensory integration in brainstem and auditory cortex. Brain Res. 2012;1485:95-107.
96. Oosterveld WJ, Kortschot HW, Kingma GG, De Jong HA, Saatci MR. Electronystagmographic findings following cervical whiplash injuries. Acta Otolaryngol. 1991;111(2):201-205.
97. Rowlands RG, Campbell IK, Kenyon GS. Otological and vestibular symptoms in patients with low-grade (Quebec grades one and two) whiplash injury. J Laryngol Otol. 2009;123(2):182-185.
98. Bezerra Rocha CA, Sanchez TG, Tesseroli De Siqueira JT. Myofascial trigger point: a possible way of modulating tinnitus. Audiol Neurootol. 2008;13(3):153-160.
99. Rocha CA, Sanchez TG. Myofascial trigger points: another way of modulating tinnitus. Prog Brain Res. 2007;166:209-214.
100. Kennedy JE, Jaffee MS, Leskin GA, Stokes JW, Leal FO, Fitzpatrick PJ. Posttraumatic stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder-like symptoms and mild traumatic brain injury. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2007;44(7):895-920.
101. Joos K, Vanneste S, De Ridder D. Disentangling depression and distress networks in the tinnitus brain. PLoS One. 2012;7(7):e40544.
102. George MS, Padberg F, Schlaepfer TE, et al. Controversy: repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation or transcranial direct current stimulation shows efficacy in treating psychiatric diseases (depression, mania, schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic, posttraumatic stress disorder). Brain Stimul. 2009;2(1):14-21.
103. Persaud R, Hajioff D, Wareing M, Chevretton E. Otological trauma resulting from the Soho Nail Bomb in London, April 1999. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci. 2003;28(3):203-206.
104. Tungsinmunkong S, Chongkolwatana C, Piyawongvisal W, Atipas S, Namchareonchaisuk S. Blast injury of the ears: the experience from Yala Hospital, Southern Thailand. JMed Assoc Thai. 2007;90(12):2662-2668.
105. Vanderploeg RD, Belanger HG, Horner RD, et al. Health outcomes associated with military deployment: mild traumatic brain injury, blast, trauma, and combat associations in the Florida National Guard. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2012;93(11):1887-1895.
106. MacGregor AJ, Dougherty AL, Tang JJ, Galarneau MR. Postconcussive symptom reporting among United States combat veterans with mild traumatic brain injury from Operation Iraqi Freedom. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2013;28(1):59-67.
107. Helfer TM, Jordan NN, Lee RB, Pietrusiak P, Cave K, Schairer K. Noise-induced hearing injury and comorbidities among postdeployment United States Army soldiers: April 2003-June 2009. Am J Audiol. 2011;20(1):33-41.
108. Wilk JE, Thomas JL, McGurk DM, Riviere LA, Castro CA, Hoge CW. Mild traumatic brain injury (concussion) during combat: lack of association of blast mechanism with persistent postconcussive symptoms. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2010;25(1):9-14.
109. De Palma RG, Burris DG, Champion HR, Hodgson MJ. Blast injuries. NEngl J Med. 2005;352(13):1335-1342.
110. Kronenberg J, Ben-Shoshan J, Wolf M. Perforated tympanic membrane after blast injury. Am J Otol. 1993;14(1):92-94.
111. Depauw P, Caekebeke J, Vanhoenacker P. Objective pulsatile tinnitus caused by intrapetrous dissecting aneurysm. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2001;103(3):197-199.
112. Redekop GJ. Extracranial carotid and vertebral artery dissection: a review. Can J Neurol Sci. 2008;35(2):146-152.
113. Langguth B, Kleinjung T. [Tinnitus]. MMW Fortschr Med. 2011;153(48):40.
114. Chae SW, Kang HJ, Lee HM, Hwang SJ. Tinnitus caused by traumatic posterior auricular artery-internal jugular vein fistula. J Laryngol Otol. 2001;115(4):313-315.
115. Freckmann N, Sartor K, Herrmann HD. Traumatic arteriovenous fistulae of the middle meningeal artery and neighbouring veins or dural sinuses. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1981;55(3/4):273-281.
116. Fukai J, Terada T, Kuwata T, et al. Transarterial intravenous coil embolization of dural arteriovenous fistula involving the superior sagittal sinus. Surg Neurol. 2001;55(6):353-338.
117. D'Alise M, Caetano C, Batjer H. Vascular complications of head injury. In: Batjer H, ed. Cerebrovascular Disease. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott-Raven; 1997;1169-1182.
118. Friedman JA, Meyer FB, Nichols DA, et al. Fatal progression of posttraumatic dural arteriovenous fistulas refractory to multimodal therapy. Case report. J Neurosurg. 2001;94(5):831-835.
119. Liang W, Xiaofeng Y, Weiguo L, Wusi Q, Gang S, Xuesheng Z. Traumatic carotid cavernous fistula accompanying basilar skull fracture: a study on the incidence of traumatic carotid cavernous fistula in the patients with basilar skull fracture and the prognostic analysis about traumatic carotid cavernous fistula. J Trauma. 2007;63(5):1014-10120; discussion 1020.
120. Mizobuchi M, Mino S, Nagao S, Ohmoto T, Ohkawa M. Carotid-cavernous fistula successfully treated with embolization and radiation therapy: report of three cases. No Shinkei Geka. 1991;19(1):83-87.
121. Chen J, Ji C, Yang C, Liu Z. Temporal bone fracture and its complications. Chin J Traumatol. 2001;4(2):106-109.
122. Wysocki J. Cadaveric dissections based on observations of injuries to the temporal bone structures following head trauma. Skull Base. 2005;15(2):99-106; discussion 106-107.
123. Cannon CR, Jahrsdoerfer RA. Temporal bone fractures. Review of 90 cases. Arch Otolaryngol. 1983;109(5):285-288.
124. Brodie HA, Thompson TC. Management of complications from 820 temporal bone fractures. Am J Otol. 1997;18(2):188-197.
125. Granier M, Renaud-Picard L, Chobaut JC, Tavernier L. Mild head trauma: complications and acousticovestibular sequelae. Rev Stomatol Chir Maxillofac. 2006;107(4):253-263.
126. Ulug T, Ulubil SA. Contralateral labyrinthine concussion in temporal bone fractures. J Otolaryngol. 2006;35(6):380-383.
127. Davies RA, Luxon LM. Dizziness following head injury: a neurootological study. J Neurol. 1995;242(4):222-230.
128. Schuknecht HF. Deafness following blows to the head: a clinical and experimental study. Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol. 1951;55:407-417.
129. Schuknecht HF, Neff WD, Perlman HB. An experimental study of auditory damage following blows to the head. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1951;60(2):273-289.
130. Yetiser S, Hidir Y, Birkent H, Satar B, Durmaz A. Traumatic ossicular dislocations: etiology and management. Am J Otolaryngol. 2008;29(1):31-36.
131. Goto F, Ogawa K, Kunihiro T, Kurashima K, Kobayashi H, Kanzaki J. Perilymph fistula-45 case analysis. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2001;28(1):29-33.
132. Fitzgerald DC. Persistent dizziness following head trauma and perilymphatic fistula. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1995;76(11):1017-1020.
133. Glasscock ME III, Hart MJ, Rosdeutscher JD, Bhansali SA. Traumatic perilymphatic fistula: how long can symptoms persist? A follow-up report. Am J Otol. 1992;13(4):333-338.
134. Lollis SS, Weider DJ, Phillips JM, Roberts DW. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion for the treatment of refractory perilymphatic fistula. J Neurosurg. 2006;105(1):1-5.
135. Weider DJ, Roberts DW, Phillips J. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt as treatment for perilymphatic fistula: a report of 6 cases. Int Tinnitus J. 2005;11(2):137-145.
136. Williams JD. Unusual but treatable cause of fluctuating tinnitus. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1980;89(3, pt 1):239-240.
137. Munjal SK, Panda NK, Pathak A. Relationship between severity of traumatic brain injury and extent of auditory dysfunction. Brain Inj. 2010;24(3):525-532.
138. Attias J, Zwecker-Lazar I, Nageris B, Keren O, Groswasser Z. Dysfunction of the auditory efferent system in patients with traumatic brain injuries with tinnitus and hyperacusis. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. 2005;16(2/3):117-126.
139. Norena AJ, Eggermont JJ. Enriched acoustic environment after noise trauma abolishes neural signs of tinnitus. Neuroreport. 2006;17(6):559-563.
140. Taranda J, Maison SF, Ballestero JA, et al. A point mutation in the hair cell nicotinic cholinergic receptor prolongs cochlear inhibition and enhances noise protection. PLoS Biol. 2009;7(1):e18.
141. Kreuzer PM, Landgrebe M, Frank E, Langguth B. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of chronic tinnitus after traumatic brain injury: a case study [published online ahead of print June 8, 2012]. J Head Trauma Rehabil. doi: 10.1097/HTR.0b013e318254736e
142. Villamar MF, Santos Portilla A, Fregni F, Zafonte R. Noninvasive brain stimulation to modulate neuroplasticity in traumatic brain injury. Neuromodulation. 2012;15(4):326-338.
143. Demirtas-Tatlidede A, Vahabzadeh-Hagh AM, Bernabeu M, Tormos JM, Pascual-Leone A. Noninvasive brain stimulation in traumatic brain injury. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2012;27(4):274-292.
144. Bluvstein I, Moravchick L, Sheps D, Schreiber S, Bloch M. Posttraumatic growth, posttraumatic stress symptoms and mental health among coronary heart disease survivors [published online ahead of print August 11, 2012]. J Clin Psychol Med Settings. 2013;20(2):164-172.
145. Bauer CA, Brozoski TJ. Effect of tinnitus retraining therapy on the loudness and annoyance of tinnitus: a controlled trial. Ear Hear. 2011;32(2):145-155.
146. Weichbold V, Zorowka P. Effects of a hearing protection campaign on the discotheque attendance habits of high-school students. Int J Audiol. 2003;42(8):489-493.
147. Weichbold V, Zorowka P. Can a hearing education campaign for adolescents change their music listening behavior? Int J Audiol. 2007;46(3):128-133.
148. Landgrebe M, Zeman F, Koller M, et al. The Tinnitus Research Initiative database: a new approach for delineation of tinnitus subtypes and generation of predictors for treatment outcome. BMCMed Inform DecisMak. 2010;10:42.
149. Dinh CT, Van De Water TR. Blocking pro-cell-death signal pathways to conserve hearing. Audiol Neurootol. 2009;14(6):383-392.
150. Henderson D, Bielefeld EC, Harris KC, Hu BH. The role of oxidative stress in noise-induced hearing loss. Ear Hear. 2006;27(1):1-19.
151. Lin CY, Wu JL, Shih TS, et al. N-Acetyl-cysteine against noiseinduced temporary threshold shift in male workers. Hear Res. 2010;269(1/2):42-47.
152. Langguth B, Elgoyhen AB. Current pharmacological treatments for tinnitus. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2012;13(17):2495-2509.