메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2006, Pages 1-261

Trade, exchange rate, and growth in Sub-Saharan Africa

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 84925159098     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511618338     Document Type: Book
Times cited : (13)

References (232)
  • 1
    • 0002435370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The revolutionary united front of sierra leone
    • Ch. Clapham (ed.), Oxford: James Currey
    • Abdullah, I. and P. Muana (1998). “The Revolutionary United Front of Sierra Leone, ” in Ch. Clapham (ed.), African Guerrillas, Oxford: James Currey, 172–93.
    • (1998) African Guerrillas , pp. 172-193
    • Abdullah, I.1    Muana, P.2
  • 2
    • 0011080101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why did the west extend the franchise? Democracy, inequality, and growth in historical perspective
    • Acemoglu, D. and J. Robinson (2000). “Why Did the West Extend the Franchise? Democracy, Inequality, and Growth in Historical Perspective, ” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 115(4), 1167–99.
    • (2000) Quarterly Journal of Economics , vol.115 , Issue.4 , pp. 1167-1199
    • Acemoglu, D.1    Robinson, J.2
  • 3
    • 0030446062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liberalisation and seignorage revenue in kenya, ghana and tanzania
    • Adam, C. S., B. Ndulu, and N. K. Sowa (1996). “Liberalisation and Seignorage Revenue in Kenya, Ghana and Tanzania, ” Journal of Development Studies, 32(4), 531–53.
    • (1996) Journal of Development Studies , vol.32 , Issue.4 , pp. 531-553
    • Adam, C.S.1    Ndulu, B.2    Sowa, N.K.3
  • 4
    • 0025676843 scopus 로고
    • Population movements and exchange in precolonial west africa
    • Proceedings of a Workshop on Regional Integration and Cooperation, Washington, DC: World Bank
    • Ajayi, J. F. A. (1990). “Population Movements and Exchange in Precolonial West Africa, ” in The Long-Term Perspective Study of Sub- Saharan Africa, Volume 4: Proceedings of a Workshop on Regional Integration and Cooperation, Washington, DC: World Bank.
    • (1990) The Long-Term Perspective Study of Sub- Saharan Africa , vol.4
    • Ajayi, J.F.A.1
  • 5
    • 0000652243 scopus 로고
    • Why are stabilizations delayed?
    • Alesina, A. and A. Drazen (1991). “Why Are Stabilizations Delayed?, ” American Economic Review, 81(5), 1170–88.
    • (1991) American Economic Review , vol.81 , Issue.5 , pp. 1170-1188
    • Alesina, A.1    Drazen, A.2
  • 6
    • 0028560058 scopus 로고
    • Evaluating the net gains from the cfa franc zone membership: A different perspective
    • Allechi, M. and M. A. Niamkey (1994). “Evaluating the Net Gains from the CFA Franc Zone Membership: A Different Perspective, ” World Development, 22, 1147–60.
    • (1994) World Development , vol.22 , pp. 1147-1160
    • Allechi, M.1    Niamkey, M.A.2
  • 7
    • 0036749182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing bargaining solutions in the shadow of conflict: How norms against threatscanhavereal effects
    • Anbarci, N., S. Skaperdas, and C. Syropoulos (2002). “Comparing Bargaining Solutions in the Shadow of Conflict: How Norms against ThreatsCanHaveReal Effects, ” Journal ofEconomicTheory, 106, 1–16.
    • (2002) Journal Ofeconomictheory , vol.106 , pp. 1-16
    • Anbarci, N.1    Skaperdas, S.2    Syropoulos, C.3
  • 8
    • 0027044863 scopus 로고
    • Enhancing trade flows within the ecowas sub-region: An appraisal and some recommendations
    • A. Chhibber and S. Fischer (eds.), Washington, DC: World Bank
    • Ariyo, A. and M. I. Raheem (1991). “Enhancing Trade Flows Within the ECOWAS Sub-Region: An Appraisal and Some Recommendations, ” in A. Chhibber and S. Fischer (eds.), Economic Reform in Sub-Saharan Africa, Washington, DC: World Bank, 245–58.
    • (1991) Economic Reform in Sub-Saharan Africa , pp. 245-258
    • Ariyo, A.1    Raheem, M.I.2
  • 9
    • 84962698725 scopus 로고
    • The economic implications of learning by doing
    • Arrow, K. J. (1962). “The Economic Implications of Learning by Doing, ” Review of Economic Studies, 29, 155–73.
    • (1962) Review of Economic Studies , vol.29 , pp. 155-173
    • Arrow, K.J.1
  • 10
    • 0030706025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The characteristics of informal financial markets in sub-saharan africa
    • Aryeetey, E. and C. Udry (1997). “The Characteristics of Informal Financial Markets in Sub-Saharan Africa, ” Journal of African Economies, 6(1), 161–203.
    • (1997) Journal of African Economies , vol.6 , Issue.1 , pp. 161-203
    • Aryeetey, E.1    Udry, C.2
  • 12
    • 2442753838 scopus 로고
    • Informal integration through parallel markets for goods and foreign exchange
    • Proceedings of aWorkshop on Regional Integration and Cooperation, Washington, DC: World Bank
    • Azam, J.-P. (1990). “Informal Integration through Parallel Markets for Goods and Foreign Exchange, ” in The Long-Term Perspective Study of Sub-Saharan Africa, Volume 4: Proceedings of aWorkshop on Regional Integration and Cooperation, Washington, DC: World Bank, 48–51.
    • (1990) The Long-Term Perspective Study of Sub-Saharan Africa , vol.4 , pp. 48-51
    • Azam, J.-P.1
  • 13
    • 5844275667 scopus 로고
    • Cross-border trade between niger and nigeria, 1980–1987: The parallel market for the naira
    • M. Roemer and C. Jones (eds.), San Francisco: ICS Press
    • Azam, J.-P. (1991a). “Cross-Border Trade between Niger and Nigeria, 1980–1987: The Parallel Market for the Naira, ” in M. Roemer and C. Jones (eds.), Markets in Developing Countries: Parallel, Fragmented, and Black, San Francisco: ICS Press.
    • (1991) Markets in Developing Countries: Parallel, Fragmented, and Black
    • Azam, J.-P.1
  • 14
    • 0027047268 scopus 로고
    • Niger and the naira: Some monetary consequences of cross- border trade with nigeria
    • A. Chhibber and S. Fischer (eds.), Washington, DC: World Bank
    • Azam, J.-P. (1991b). “Niger and the Naira: Some Monetary Consequences of Cross- Border Trade with Nigeria, ” in A. Chhibber and S. Fischer (eds.), Economic Reform in Sub-Saharan Africa, Washington, DC: World Bank, 66–75.
    • (1991) Economic Reform in Sub-Saharan Africa , pp. 66-75
    • Azam, J.-P.1
  • 15
    • 2842613763 scopus 로고
    • Marchés parallèles et convertibilité: Analyse théorique avec références aux économies africaines
    • Azam, J.-P. (1991c). “Marchés parallèles et convertibilité: analyse théorique avec références aux économies africaines, ” Revue économique, 42, 75–93.
    • (1991) Revue Économique , vol.42 , pp. 75-93
    • Azam, J.-P.1
  • 16
    • 0027728457 scopus 로고
    • The ‘côte d’ivoire’ model of endogenous growth
    • Azam, J.-P. (1993). “The ‘Côte d’Ivoire’ Model of Endogenous Growth, ” European Economic Review (Papers & Proceedings), 37, 566–76.
    • (1993) European Economic Review (Papers & Proceedings) , vol.37 , pp. 566-576
    • Azam, J.-P.1
  • 17
    • 11144329840 scopus 로고
    • The uncertain distributional impact of structural adjustment in sub-saharan africa
    • R. van der Hooven and F. van der Kraaij (eds.), DGIS, James Currey and Heinemann
    • Azam, J.-P. (1994). “The Uncertain Distributional Impact of Structural Adjustment in Sub-Saharan Africa, ” in R. van der Hooven and F. van der Kraaij (eds.), Structural Adjustment and Beyond in Sub-Saharan Africa: Research and Policy Issues, London: DGIS, James Currey and Heinemann, 100–13.
    • (1994) Structural Adjustment and beyond in Sub-Saharan Africa: Research and Policy Issues, London , pp. 100-113
    • Azam, J.-P.1
  • 19
    • 21844499308 scopus 로고
    • How to pay for the peace? A theoretical framework with references to african countries
    • Azam, J.-P. (1995b). “How to pay for the Peace? A Theoretical Framework with References to African Countries, ” Public Choice, 83(1-2), 173–84.
    • (1995) Public Choice , vol.83 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 173-184
    • Azam, J.-P.1
  • 20
    • 0030476734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Savings and interest rate: The case of kenya
    • Azam, J.-P. (1996). “Savings and Interest Rate: The Case of Kenya, ” Savings and Development, 20(1), 33–44.
    • (1996) Savings and Development , vol.20 , Issue.1 , pp. 33-44
    • Azam, J.-P.1
  • 21
    • 0030819735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Public debt and the exchange rate in the cfa franc zone
    • Azam, J.-P. (1997). “Public Debt and the Exchange Rate in the CFA Franc Zone, ” Journal of African Economies, 6(1), 54–84.
    • (1997) Journal of African Economies , vol.6 , Issue.1 , pp. 54-84
    • Azam, J.-P.1
  • 22
    • 0032704214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dollars for sale: Exchange rate policy and inflation in africa
    • Azam, J.-P. (1999a). “Dollars for Sale: Exchange Rate Policy and Inflation in Africa, ” World Development, 27(10), 1843–59.
    • (1999) World Development , vol.27 , Issue.10 , pp. 1843-1859
    • Azam, J.-P.1
  • 23
    • 85066548245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unrecorded cross-border trade and regional integration: A welfare analysis
    • Ademola Oyejide, Ibrahim Elbadawi, and Stephen Yeo (eds.), Basingstoke: Macmillan
    • Azam, J.-P. (1999b). “Unrecorded Cross-Border Trade and Regional Integration: A Welfare Analysis, ” in Ademola Oyejide, Ibrahim Elbadawi, and Stephen Yeo (eds.), Trade Liberalisation and Regional Integration in Africa, Volume 4, Basingstoke: Macmillan, 281–304.
    • (1999) Trade Liberalisation and Regional Integration in Africa , vol.4 , pp. 281-304
    • Azam, J.-P.1
  • 24
    • 85066591093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • paper presented at the World Bank Summer Workshop in July 2000; unpublished
    • Azam, J.-P. (2000). “Predation and Markets, ” paper presented at the World Bank Summer Workshop in July 2000; unpublished.
    • (2000) “Predation and Markets
    • Azam, J.-P.1
  • 25
    • 0035193683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflation and macroeconomic instability in madagascar
    • Azam, J.-P. (2001a). “Inflation and Macroeconomic Instability in Madagascar, ” African Development Review, 13(2), 175–201.
    • (2001) African Development Review , vol.13 , Issue.2 , pp. 175-201
    • Azam, J.-P.1
  • 26
    • 85066515346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macroeconomic reforms in the cfa franc zone
    • chapter 11 in Ibrahim Elbadawi and Benno N’Dulu (eds.), London: Macmillan
    • Azam, J.-P. (2001b). “Macroeconomic Reforms in the CFA Franc Zone, ” chapter 11 in Ibrahim Elbadawi and Benno N’Dulu (eds.), Economic Development in Sub-Saharan Africa, London: Macmillan, 308–40.
    • (2001) Economic Development in Sub-Saharan Africa , pp. 308-340
    • Azam, J.-P.1
  • 27
    • 0035616902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The redistributive state and conflicts in africa
    • Azam, J.-P. (2001c). “The Redistributive State and Conflicts in Africa, ” Journal of Peace Research, 38(4), 429–44.
    • (2001) Journal of Peace Research , vol.38 , Issue.4 , pp. 429-444
    • Azam, J.-P.1
  • 28
    • 11144254471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poverty and growth in the waemu after the 1994 devaluation
    • Azam, J.-P. (2004). “Poverty and Growth in the WAEMU after the 1994 Devaluation, ” Journal of African Economies, 13(4), 536–62.
    • (2004) Journal of African Economies , vol.13 , Issue.4 , pp. 536-562
    • Azam, J.-P.1
  • 29
    • 33644973349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The paradox of power reconsidered: A theory of political regimes in africa
    • Azam, J.-P. (2006). “The Paradox of Power Reconsidered: A Theory of Political Regimes in Africa, ” Journal of African Economies, 15(1), 26–58.
    • (2006) Journal of African Economies , vol.15 , Issue.1 , pp. 26-58
    • Azam, J.-P.1
  • 30
    • 0003136711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risque politique et croissance en afrique
    • Azam, J.-P., J.-C. Berthélemy, and S. Calipel (1996). “Risque politique et croissance en Afrique, ” Revue économique, 47(3), 819–29.
    • (1996) Revue Économique , vol.47 , Issue.3 , pp. 819-829
    • Azam, J.-P.1    Berthélemy, J.-C.2    Calipel, S.3
  • 31
    • 0024786106 scopus 로고
    • General equilibrium with parallel markets for goods and foreign exchange: Theory and application to ghana
    • Azam, J.-P. and T. Besley (1989a). “General Equilibrium with Parallel Markets for Goods and Foreign Exchange: Theory and Application to Ghana, ” World Development, 17, 1921–30.
    • (1989) World Development , vol.17 , pp. 1921-1930
    • Azam, J.-P.1    Besley, T.2
  • 33
    • 0035678712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Informal and formal credit markets and credit rationing in côte d’ivoire
    • Azam, J.-P., B. Biais, M. Dia, and C. Maurel (2001). “Informal and Formal Credit Markets and Credit Rationing in Côte d’Ivoire, ” Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 17(4), 520–34.
    • (2001) Oxford Review of Economic Policy , vol.17 , Issue.4 , pp. 520-534
    • Azam, J.-P.1    Biais, B.2    Dia, M.3    Maurel, C.4
  • 34
    • 0001059660 scopus 로고
    • La détermination du prix du riz: Théorie et application au cas d’antananarivo (madagascar)
    • Azam, J.-P. and C. Bonjean (1995). “La détermination du prix du riz: théorie et application au cas d’Antananarivo (Madagascar), ” Revue économique, 46(4), 1145–66.
    • (1995) Revue Économique , vol.46 , Issue.4 , pp. 1145-1166
    • Azam, J.-P.1    Bonjean, C.2
  • 36
    • 85033317033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The groundnuts and phosphates boom in sénégal (1974–1977)
    • P. Collier and J. W. Gunning (eds.), Oxford: Oxford University Press
    • Azam, J.-P. and G. Chambas (1999). “The Groundnuts and Phosphates Boom in Sénégal (1974–1977), ” in P. Collier and J. W. Gunning (eds.), Trade Shocks in Developing Countries, Volume 1, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    • (1999) Trade Shocks in Developing Countries , vol.1
    • Azam, J.-P.1    Chambas, G.2
  • 37
    • 0028091503 scopus 로고
    • Crop sales, shortages and peasant portfolio behaviour: An analysis of angola
    • Azam, J.-P., P. Collier, and A. Cravinho (1994). “Crop Sales, Shortages and Peasant Portfolio Behaviour: An Analysis of Angola, ” Journal of Development Studies, 30(2), 361–79.
    • (1994) Journal of Development Studies , vol.30 , Issue.2 , pp. 361-379
    • Azam, J.-P.1    Collier, P.2    Cravinho, A.3
  • 38
    • 0345679380 scopus 로고
    • La détermination des taux de change parallèles en afrique: Modèle macro-économique et test économétrique (nigeria, zaïre, ghana)
    • Azam, J.-P. and C. Daubrée (1991). “La détermination des taux de change parallèles en Afrique: modèle macro-économique et test économétrique (Nigeria, Zaïre, Ghana), ” Economie et Prévision, 97, 105–15.
    • (1991) Economie Et Prévision , vol.97 , pp. 105-115
    • Azam, J.-P.1    Daubrée, C.2
  • 42
    • 85066531416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Migrants’ remittances and the household in africa: A review of evidence
    • forthcoming
    • Azam, J.-P. and F. Gubert (forthcoming). “Migrants’ Remittances and the Household in Africa: A Review of Evidence, ” Journal of African Economies, forthcoming.
    • Journal of African Economies
    • Azam, J.-P.1    Gubert, F.2
  • 43
    • 0038421662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Civil war and the social contract
    • Azam, J.-P. and A. Mesnard (2003). “Civil War and the Social Contract, ” Public Choice, 115(3), 455–75.
    • (2003) Public Choice , vol.115 , Issue.3 , pp. 455-475
    • Azam, J.-P.1    Mesnard, A.2
  • 46
    • 85066526289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • La dévaluation des francs cfa et le cours parallèle de la naira
    • Azam, J.-P. and O. Samba-Mamadou (1997). “La dévaluation des francs CFA et le cours parallèle de la naira, ” Revue économique, 48(3), 461–9.
    • (1997) Revue Économique , vol.48 , Issue.3 , pp. 461-469
    • Azam, J.-P.1    Samba-Mamadou, O.2
  • 50
    • 84936526726 scopus 로고
    • Government spending in a simple model of endogenous growth
    • Barro, R. J. (1990). “Government Spending in a Simple Model of Endogenous Growth, ” Journal of Political Economy, 98, S103–S125.
    • (1990) Journal of Political Economy , vol.98 , pp. S103-S125
    • Barro, R.J.1
  • 51
    • 0026277597 scopus 로고
    • Economic growth in a cross section of countries
    • Barro, R. J. (1991). “Economic Growth in a Cross Section of Countries, ” Quarterly Journal of Economics 106(2), 407–43.
    • (1991) Quarterly Journal of Economics , vol.106 , Issue.2 , pp. 407-443
    • Barro, R.J.1
  • 53
    • 0039765322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethnicity and development in africa: A reappraisal
    • Bates, R. H. (2000). “Ethnicity and Development in Africa: A Reappraisal, ” American Economic Review, 90(2), 131–4.
    • (2000) American Economic Review , vol.90 , Issue.2 , pp. 131-134
    • Bates, R.H.1
  • 55
    • 84936402024 scopus 로고
    • Human capital, fertility, and economic growth
    • part 2
    • Becker, G. S., K. M. Murphy, and R. Tamura (1990). “Human Capital, Fertility, and Economic Growth, ” Journal of Political Economy, 98(5), part 2, S12–S37.
    • (1990) Journal of Political Economy , vol.98 , Issue.5 , pp. S12-S37
    • Becker, G.S.1    Murphy, K.M.2    Tamura, R.3
  • 57
    • 0024878925 scopus 로고
    • The ‘dutch’ disease in a developing country: Oil reserves in cameroon
    • Benjamin, N. C., S. Devarajan, and R. J. Weiner (1989). “The ‘Dutch’ Disease in a Developing Country: Oil Reserves in Cameroon, ” Journal of Development Economics, 30, 71–92.
    • (1989) Journal of Development Economics , vol.30 , pp. 71-92
    • Benjamin, N.C.1    Devarajan, S.2    Weiner, R.J.3
  • 58
    • 0000112202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are currency crises predictable? A test
    • Berg, A. and C. Pattillo (1999). “Are Currency Crises Predictable? A Test, ” IMF Staff Papers, 46(2), 107–38.
    • (1999) IMF Staff Papers , vol.46 , Issue.2 , pp. 107-138
    • Berg, A.1    Pattillo, C.2
  • 59
    • 0024944079 scopus 로고
    • The liberalization of rice marketing in madagascar
    • Berg, E. (1989). “The Liberalization of Rice Marketing in Madagascar, ” World Development, 17, 719–28.
    • (1989) World Development , vol.17 , pp. 719-728
    • Berg, E.1
  • 68
    • 0027750652 scopus 로고
    • Competitiveness through disinflation: An assessment of the french macroeconomic strategy
    • Blanchard, O.-J. and P.-A. Muet (1993). “Competitiveness Through Disinflation: An Assessment of the French Macroeconomic Strategy, ” Economic Policy, 16, 12–56.
    • (1993) Economic Policy , vol.16 , pp. 12-56
    • Blanchard, O.-J.1    Muet, P.-A.2
  • 72
    • 84963107503 scopus 로고
    • Seigniorage, operating rules, and the high inflation trap
    • Bruno, M. and S. Fischer (1990). “Seigniorage, Operating Rules, and the High Inflation Trap, ” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 105, 353–74.
    • (1990) Quarterly Journal of Economics , vol.105 , pp. 353-374
    • Bruno, M.1    Fischer, S.2
  • 73
    • 0035687303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective deficits and the asian currency crisis
    • Burnside, C., M. Eichenbaum, and S. Rebelo (2001). “Prospective Deficits and the Asian Currency Crisis, ” Journal of Political Economy, 109(6), 1155–97.
    • (2001) Journal of Political Economy , vol.109 , Issue.6 , pp. 1155-1197
    • Burnside, C.1    Eichenbaum, M.2    Rebelo, S.3
  • 74
    • 0002373493 scopus 로고
    • The monetary dynamics of hyperinflation
    • M. Friedman (ed.), Chicago: University of Chicago Press
    • Cagan, Ph. D. (1956). “The Monetary Dynamics of Hyperinflation, ” in M. Friedman (ed.), Studies in the Quantity Theory of Money, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 23–117.
    • (1956) Studies in the Quantity Theory of Money , pp. 23-117
    • Cagan, P.D.1
  • 75
    • 0030442504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can foreign aid accelerate stabilisation?
    • Casella, A. and B. Eichengreen (1996). “Can Foreign Aid Accelerate Stabilisation?, ” Economic Journal, 106, 605–19.
    • (1996) Economic Journal , vol.106 , pp. 605-619
    • Casella, A.1    Eichengreen, B.2
  • 76
    • 5844267927 scopus 로고
    • The new industrial policy in sénégal: A highly controversial reform
    • R. Adhikari, C. Kirkpatrick, and J. Weiss (eds.), Manchester: Manchester University Press
    • Chambas, G. and A.-M. Geourjon (1992). “The New Industrial Policy in Sénégal: A Highly Controversial Reform, ” in R. Adhikari, C. Kirkpatrick, and J. Weiss (eds.), Industrial and Trade Policy Reform in Developing Country, Manchester: Manchester University Press, 135–49.
    • (1992) Industrial and Trade Policy Reform in Developing Country , pp. 135-149
    • Chambas, G.1    Geourjon, A.-M.2
  • 77
    • 0027072088 scopus 로고
    • The inflationary consequences of devaluation with parallel markets: The case of ghana
    • A. Chhibber and S. Fischer (eds.), Washington, DC: World Bank
    • Chhibber, A. and Shafik, N. (1991). “The Inflationary Consequences of Devaluation with Parallel Markets: The Case of Ghana, ” in A. Chhibber and S. Fischer (eds.), Economic Reform in Sub-Saharan Africa, Washington, DC: World Bank, 39–49.
    • (1991) Economic Reform in Sub-Saharan Africa , pp. 39-49
    • Chhibber, A.1    Shafik, N.2
  • 79
    • 3442896046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An efficiency approach to the evaluation of policy changes
    • Coate, S. (2000). “An Efficiency Approach to the Evaluation of Policy Changes, ” Economic Journal, 110, 437–55.
    • (2000) Economic Journal , vol.110 , pp. 437-455
    • Coate, S.1
  • 80
    • 0027722771 scopus 로고
    • Low investment and large ldc debt in the 1980s
    • Cohen, D. (1993). “Low Investment and Large LDC Debt in the 1980s, ” American Economic Review, 83, 437–49.
    • (1993) American Economic Review , vol.83 , pp. 437-449
    • Cohen, D.1
  • 81
    • 0003005221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Explaining african economic performance
    • Collier, P. and J. W. Gunning (1999). “Explaining African Economic Performance, ” Journal of Economic Literature, 37(1), 64–111.
    • (1999) Journal of Economic Literature , vol.37 , Issue.1 , pp. 64-111
    • Collier, P.1    Gunning, J.W.2
  • 82
    • 0038826550 scopus 로고
    • Lessons from the southern cone policy reforms
    • Corbo, V. and de Melo, J. (1987). “Lessons from the Southern Cone Policy Reforms, ” World Bank Research Observer, 2, 111–42.
    • (1987) World Bank Research Observer , vol.2 , pp. 111-142
    • Corbo, V.1    De Melo, J.2
  • 83
    • 0027455867 scopus 로고
    • Exchange rate policies for developing countries
    • Corden, W. M. (1993). “Exchange Rate Policies for Developing Countries, ” Economic Journal, 103, 198–207.
    • (1993) Economic Journal , vol.103 , pp. 198-207
    • Corden, W.M.1
  • 84
    • 5844267928 scopus 로고
    • Monnaie cfa/naira: Retour à la case départ?
    • November 10, Niamey: Nouvelle Imprimerie du Niger
    • Dan Maradi, B. (1994). “Monnaie CFA/Naira: Retour à la case départ?, ” Le républicain, November 10, Niamey: Nouvelle Imprimerie du Niger.
    • (1994) Le Républicain
    • Dan Maradi, B.1
  • 86
    • 3042727151 scopus 로고
    • Analyse microéconomique des marchés parallèles et de la fraude documentaire, avec références aux économies africaines
    • Daubrée, C. (1994). “Analyse microéconomique des marchés parallèles et de la fraude documentaire, avec références aux économies africaines, ” Revue économique, 45, 165–92.
    • (1994) Revue Économique , vol.45 , pp. 165-192
    • Daubrée, C.1
  • 89
    • 51249174265 scopus 로고
    • Effects of smuggling under african conditions: A factual, institutional and analytic discussion
    • Deardorff, A. V. and W. F. Stolper (1990). “Effects of Smuggling under African Conditions: A Factual, Institutional and Analytic Discussion, ” Weltwirtschaftsliches Archiv, 126, 116–41.
    • (1990) Weltwirtschaftsliches Archiv , vol.126 , pp. 116-141
    • Deardorff, A.V.1    Stolper, W.F.2
  • 90
    • 0035199427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Counting the world's poor: Problems and possible solutions
    • Deaton, A. (2001). “Counting the World's Poor: Problems and Possible Solutions, ” World Bank Research Observer, 16(2), 125–47.
    • (2001) World Bank Research Observer , vol.16 , Issue.2 , pp. 125-147
    • Deaton, A.1
  • 92
    • 0027079424 scopus 로고
    • Why domestic food prices matter to growth strategy in semi-open west african agriculture
    • Delgado, C. L. (1992). “Why Domestic Food Prices Matter to Growth Strategy in Semi-Open West African Agriculture, ” Journal of African Economies, 1, 446–71.
    • (1992) Journal of African Economies , vol.1 , pp. 446-471
    • Delgado, C.L.1
  • 93
    • 0001867948 scopus 로고
    • Côte d’ivoire: Fettered adjustment
    • I. Husain and R. Faruqee (eds.), Washington, DC: World Bank
    • Demery, L. (1994). “Côte d’Ivoire: Fettered Adjustment, ” in I. Husain and R. Faruqee (eds.), Adjustment in Africa: Lessons from Country Case Studies, Washington, DC: World Bank, 72–152.
    • (1994) Adjustment in Africa: Lessons from Country Case Studies , pp. 72-152
    • Demery, L.1
  • 94
    • 0030473177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macroeconomic adjustment and poverty in africa: An emerging picture
    • Demery, L. and L. Squire (1996). “Macroeconomic Adjustment and Poverty in Africa: An Emerging Picture, ” World Bank Research Observer, 11, 39–59.
    • (1996) World Bank Research Observer , vol.11 , pp. 39-59
    • Demery, L.1    Squire, L.2
  • 95
    • 85033323046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cameroon's oil boom of 1978–85
    • P. Collier and J. W. Gunning (eds.), Oxford: Oxford University Press
    • Devarajan, S. (1999). “Cameroon's Oil Boom of 1978–85, ” in P. Collier and J. W. Gunning (eds.), Trade Shocks in Developing Countries, Volume 1, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    • (1999) Trade Shocks in Developing Countries , vol.1
    • Devarajan, S.1
  • 96
    • 0024900293 scopus 로고
    • Marketsunder pricecontrols in partial and general equilibrium
    • Devarajan, S., C. Jones, and M. Roemer(1989). “Marketsunder PriceControls in Partial and General Equilibrium, ” World Development, 17, 1881–93.
    • (1989) World Development , vol.17 , pp. 1881-1893
    • Devarajan, S.1    Jones, C.2    Roemer, M.3
  • 97
    • 0023498768 scopus 로고
    • Evaluating participation in african monetary unions: A statistical analysis of the cfa zone
    • Devarajan, S. and J. de Melo (1987a). “Evaluating Participation in African Monetary Unions: A Statistical Analysis of the CFA Zone, ” World Development, 15, 483–96.
    • (1987) World Development , vol.15 , pp. 483-496
    • Devarajan, S.1    De Melo, J.2
  • 98
    • 0023494632 scopus 로고
    • Adjustment with a fixed exchange rate: Cameroon, côte d’ivoire, and sénégal
    • Devarajan, S. and J. de Melo (1987b). “Adjustment with a Fixed Exchange Rate: Cameroon, Côte d’Ivoire, and Sénégal, ” World Bank Economic Review, 1, 447–87.
    • (1987) World Bank Economic Review , vol.1 , pp. 447-487
    • Devarajan, S.1    De Melo, J.2
  • 99
    • 0027072087 scopus 로고
    • Membership in the cfa zone: Odyssean journey or trojan horse?
    • A. Chhibber and S. Fischer (eds.), Washington, DC: World Bank
    • Devarajan, S. and J. de Melo (1991). “Membership in the CFA Zone: Odyssean Journey or Trojan Horse?, ” in A. Chhibber and S. Fischer (eds.), Economic Reform in Sub-Saharan Africa, Washington, DC: World Bank, 25–33.
    • (1991) Economic Reform in Sub-Saharan Africa , pp. 25-33
    • Devarajan, S.1    De Melo, J.2
  • 100
    • 0027072708 scopus 로고
    • Do the benefits of fixed exchange rates outweigh their costs: The cfa zone in africa
    • I. Goldin and L. A. Winters (eds.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Devarajan, S. and D. Rodrik (1992). “Do the Benefits of Fixed Exchange Rates Outweigh their Costs: The CFA Zone in Africa, ” in I. Goldin and L. A. Winters (eds.), Open Economies: Structural Adjustment and Agriculture, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 66–92.
    • (1992) Open Economies: Structural Adjustment and Agriculture , pp. 66-92
    • Devarajan, S.1    Rodrik, D.2
  • 102
    • 0000852872 scopus 로고
    • Expectations and exchange rate dynamics
    • Dornbusch, R. (1976). “Expectations and Exchange Rate Dynamics, ” Journal of Political Economy, 84, 1161–76.
    • (1976) Journal of Political Economy , vol.84 , pp. 1161-1176
    • Dornbusch, R.1
  • 103
  • 104
    • 0020685258 scopus 로고
    • The black market for dollars in brazil
    • reprinted in R. Dornbusch, Exchange Rates and Inflation, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1991
    • Dornbusch, R., D. V. Dantas, C. Pechman, R. de Rezende Rocha, and S. Simoes (1983). “The Black Market for Dollars in Brazil, ” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 98(1), 25–40, reprinted in R. Dornbusch, Exchange Rates and Inflation, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1991.
    • (1983) Quarterly Journal of Economics , vol.98 , Issue.1 , pp. 25-40
    • Dornbusch, R.1    Dantas, D.V.2    Pechman, C.3    De Rezende Rocha, R.4    Simoes, S.5
  • 106
    • 0030118569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous-time sunspot equilibria and dynamics in a model of growth
    • Drugeon, J.-P. and B. Wignolle (1996). “Continuous-Time Sunspot Equilibria and Dynamics in a Model of Growth, ” Journal of Economic Theory, 69, 24–52.
    • (1996) Journal of Economic Theory , vol.69 , pp. 24-52
    • Drugeon, J.-P.1    Wignolle, B.2
  • 109
    • 0020469182 scopus 로고
    • The macroeconomic implications of a resource discovery in an open economy
    • Eastwood, R.K. and A. J. Venables (1982). “The Macroeconomic Implications of a Resource Discovery in an Open Economy, ” Economic Journal, 92, 285–99.
    • (1982) Economic Journal , vol.92 , pp. 285-299
    • Eastwood, R.K.1    Venables, A.J.2
  • 110
    • 0027795596 scopus 로고
    • Sovereign debt: A primer
    • Eaton, J. (1993). “Sovereign Debt: A Primer, ” World Bank Economic Review, 7, 137–72.
    • (1993) World Bank Economic Review , vol.7 , pp. 137-172
    • Eaton, J.1
  • 111
    • 51349116210 scopus 로고
    • The demand for international reserves and exchange rate adjustments: The case of ldcs, 1964–1972
    • Edwards, S. (1983). “The Demand for International Reserves and Exchange Rate Adjustments: The Case of LDCs, 1964–1972, ” Economica, 50, 269–80.
    • (1983) Economica , vol.50 , pp. 269-280
    • Edwards, S.1
  • 112
    • 0024220675 scopus 로고
    • Real and monetary determinants of real exchange rate behavior: Theory and evidence from developing countries
    • Edwards, S. (1988). “Real and Monetary Determinants of Real Exchange Rate Behavior: Theory and Evidence from Developing Countries, ” Journal of Development Economics, 29, 311–41.
    • (1988) Journal of Development Economics , vol.29 , pp. 311-341
    • Edwards, S.1
  • 113
    • 0031462726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exchange rate issues in developing and transitional economies
    • Edwards, S. (1997). “Exchange Rate Issues in Developing and Transitional Economies, ” Journal of African Economies, 6(3), 37–73.
    • (1997) Journal of African Economies , vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp. 37-73
    • Edwards, S.1
  • 115
    • 0000424685 scopus 로고
    • Exchange market mayhem: The antecedents and aftermath of speculative attacks
    • Eichengreen, B., A. Rose, and C. Wyplosz (1995). “Exchange Market Mayhem: The Antecedents and Aftermath of Speculative Attacks, ” Economic Policy, 21, 249–312.
    • (1995) Economic Policy , vol.21 , pp. 249-312
    • Eichengreen, B.1    Rose, A.2    Wyplosz, C.3
  • 116
    • 0005813235 scopus 로고
    • Nigeria: Ownership abandoned
    • I. Husain and R. Faruqee (eds.), Washington, DC: World Bank
    • Faruqee, R. (1994). “Nigeria: Ownership Abandoned, ” in I. Husain and R. Faruqee (eds.), Adjustment in Africa: Lessons from Case Studies, Washington, DC: World Bank, 238–85.
    • (1994) Adjustment in Africa: Lessons from Case Studies , pp. 238-285
    • Faruqee, R.1
  • 117
    • 0000515718 scopus 로고
    • Resistance to reform: Status quo bias in the presence of individual-specific uncertainty
    • Fernandez, R. and D. Rodrik (1991). “Resistance to Reform: Status Quo Bias in the Presence of Individual-Specific Uncertainty, ” American Economic Review, 81(5), 1146–55.
    • (1991) American Economic Review , vol.81 , Issue.5 , pp. 1146-1155
    • Fernandez, R.1    Rodrik, D.2
  • 118
    • 0029543205 scopus 로고
    • Investment in cameroon 1978–1988
    • Fielding, D. (1995). “Investment in Cameroon 1978–1988, ” Journal of African Economies, 4, 29–51.
    • (1995) Journal of African Economies , vol.4 , pp. 29-51
    • Fielding, D.1
  • 119
    • 0038078387 scopus 로고
    • The new political economy: Its explanatory power for ldcs
    • G. M. Meier (ed.), San Francisco: ICS Press
    • Findlay, R. (1991). “The New Political Economy: Its Explanatory Power for LDCs, ” in G. M. Meier (ed.), Politics and Policy-Making in Developing Countries, San Francisco: ICS Press, 13–40.
    • (1991) Politics and Policy-Making in Developing Countries , pp. 13-40
    • Findlay, R.1
  • 120
    • 5844251267 scopus 로고
    • Seigniorage and fixed exchange rates: An optimal inflation tax analysis
    • P. A. Armella, R. Dornbusch, and M. Obstfeld (eds.), Chicago: NBER and University of Chicago Press
    • Fischer, S. (1983). “Seigniorage and Fixed Exchange Rates: An Optimal Inflation Tax Analysis, ” in P. A. Armella, R. Dornbusch, and M. Obstfeld (eds.), Financial Policies and the World Capital Market: The Problem of Latin American Countries, Chicago: NBER and University of Chicago Press, 59–69.
    • (1983) Financial Policies and The World Capital Market: The Problem of Latin American Countries , pp. 59-69
    • Fischer, S.1
  • 121
    • 0027880739 scopus 로고
    • Regional integration in sub-saharan africa: Past experience and future prospects
    • J. de Melo and A. Panagariya (eds.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Foroutan, F. (1993). “Regional Integration in Sub-Saharan Africa: Past Experience and Future Prospects, ” in J. de Melo and A. Panagariya (eds.), New Dimensions in Regional Integration, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 234–77.
    • (1993) New Dimensions in Regional Integration , pp. 234-277
    • Foroutan, F.1
  • 122
    • 0001194654 scopus 로고
    • A class of decomposable poverty measures
    • Foster, G., J. Greer, and E. Thorbecke (1984). “A Class of Decomposable Poverty Measures, ” Econometrica, 52, 761–6.
    • (1984) Econometrica , vol.52 , pp. 761-766
    • Foster, G.1    Greer, J.2    Thorbecke, E.3
  • 123
    • 49149137711 scopus 로고
    • The optimal producer price of cocoa in ghana
    • Franco, R. G. (1981). “The Optimal Producer Price of Cocoa in Ghana, ” Journal of Development Economics, 8, 77–92.
    • (1981) Journal of Development Economics , vol.8 , pp. 77-92
    • Franco, R.G.1
  • 126
    • 0040770309 scopus 로고
    • 2nd edn., Paris: Khartala
    • Gaudio, A. (1992). Le Mali, 2nd edn., Paris: Khartala.
    • (1992) Le Mali
    • Gaudio, A.1
  • 127
    • 77954196589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ivorian cocoa and coffee boom of 1976–79: The end of a miracle?
    • P. Collier and J. W. Gunning (eds.), Oxford: Oxford University Press
    • Ghanem, H. (1999). “The Ivorian Cocoa and Coffee Boom of 1976–79: The End of a Miracle?, ” in P. Collier and J. W. Gunning (eds.), Trade Shocks in Developing Countries, Volume 1, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    • (1999) Trade Shocks in Developing Countries , vol.1
    • Ghanem, H.1
  • 128
    • 5844363808 scopus 로고
    • External debt problem of sub-saharan africa
    • J. A. Frenkel, M. P. Dooley, and P. Wickham (eds.), Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund
    • Greene, J. (1989). “External Debt Problem of Sub-Saharan Africa, ” in J. A. Frenkel, M. P. Dooley, and P. Wickham (eds.), Analytical Issues in Debt, Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund, 38–74.
    • (1989) Analytical Issues in Debt , pp. 38-74
    • Greene, J.1
  • 130
    • 0344933113 scopus 로고
    • Niger et nigeria: L’impact de la dévaluation du franc cfa
    • Grégoire, E. (1995). “Niger et Nigeria: l’impact de la dévaluation du franc CFA, ” Afrique contemporaine, 173, 20–5.
    • (1995) Afrique Contemporaine , vol.173 , pp. 20-25
    • Grégoire, E.1
  • 133
    • 0028791709 scopus 로고
    • The lucky few amidst economic decline: Distributional change in côte d’ivoire as seen through panel data sets, 1985–88
    • Grootaert, C. and R. Kanbur (1995). “The Lucky Few Amidst Economic Decline: Distributional Change in Côte d’Ivoire as Seen Through Panel Data Sets, 1985–88, ” Journal of Development Studies, 31(4), 603–19.
    • (1995) Journal of Development Studies , vol.31 , Issue.4 , pp. 603-619
    • Grootaert, C.1    Kanbur, R.2
  • 135
    • 0000872624 scopus 로고
    • Migration, unemployment, and development: A two-sector analysis
    • Harris, J. R. and M. P. Todaro (1970). “Migration, Unemployment, and Development: A Two-Sector Analysis, ” American Economic Review, 60, 126–42.
    • (1970) American Economic Review , vol.60 , pp. 126-142
    • Harris, J.R.1    Todaro, M.P.2
  • 137
    • 2842539426 scopus 로고
    • Sur l’inconvertibilité du f. Cfa au cameroun
    • Herrera, J. (1994). “Sur l’inconvertibilité du F. CFA au Cameroun, ” Politique africaine, 54, 47–65.
    • (1994) Politique Africaine , vol.54 , pp. 47-65
    • Herrera, J.1
  • 143
    • 84915841848 scopus 로고
    • Trade tax and exchange rate coordination in the context of border trading
    • Johnson, O. E. G. (1987). “Trade Tax and Exchange Rate Coordination in the Context of Border Trading, ” IMF Staff Papers, 34, 548–64.
    • (1987) IMF Staff Papers , vol.34 , pp. 548-564
    • Johnson, O.E.G.1
  • 144
    • 0027444367 scopus 로고
    • Devaluation, exchange controls, and black markets for foreign exchange in developing countries
    • Kamin, S. B. (1993). “Devaluation, Exchange Controls, and Black Markets for Foreign Exchange in Developing Countries, ” Journal ofDevelopment Economics, 40, 151–69.
    • (1993) Journal Ofdevelopment Economics , vol.40 , pp. 151-169
    • Kamin, S.B.1
  • 147
    • 0000541929 scopus 로고
    • Exchange rate rules, black market premia and fiscal deficits: The bolivian hyperinflation
    • Kharas, H. and Pinto, B. (1989). “Exchange Rate Rules, Black Market Premia and Fiscal Deficits: The Bolivian Hyperinflation, ” Review of Economic Studies, 56, 435–48.
    • (1989) Review of Economic Studies , vol.56 , pp. 435-448
    • Kharas, H.1    Pinto, B.2
  • 151
    • 0028578874 scopus 로고
    • Fiscal adjustment and growth in côte d’ivoire
    • Kouassy, O. and B. Bohoun (1994). “Fiscal Adjustment and Growth in Côte d’Ivoire, ” World Development, 22, 1119–28.
    • (1994) World Development , vol.22 , pp. 1119-1128
    • Kouassy, O.1    Bohoun, B.2
  • 152
    • 0000367973 scopus 로고
    • The political economy of the rent-seeking society
    • Krueger, A. O. (1974). “The Political Economy of the Rent-Seeking Society, ” American Economic Review, 64, 291–303.
    • (1974) American Economic Review , vol.64 , pp. 291-303
    • Krueger, A.O.1
  • 153
  • 155
    • 0002754781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are currency crises self-fulfilling
    • Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
    • Krugman, P. (1997). “Are Currency Crises Self-Fulfilling, ” NBER Macroeconomics Annual 1996, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 345–78.
    • (1997) NBER Macroeconomics Annual 1996 , pp. 345-378
    • Krugman, P.1
  • 158
    • 84980090461 scopus 로고
    • Economic development with unlimited supplies of labor
    • Lewis, W. A. (1954). “Economic Development with Unlimited Supplies of Labor, ” Manchester School, 22, 139–191.
    • (1954) Manchester School , vol.22 , pp. 139-191
    • Lewis, W.A.1
  • 160
    • 0023485579 scopus 로고
    • Exchange rate differential and balance of payments under dual exchange markets
    • Lizondo, S. J. (1987). “Exchange Rate Differential and Balance of Payments under Dual Exchange Markets, ” Journal of Development Economics, 26, 37–53.
    • (1987) Journal of Development Economics , vol.26 , pp. 37-53
    • Lizondo, S.J.1
  • 161
    • 45549121614 scopus 로고
    • On the mechanics of economic development
    • Lucas, R. E., Jr. (1988). “On the Mechanics of Economic Development, ” Journal of Monetary Economics, 22, 3–42.
    • (1988) Journal of Monetary Economics , vol.22 , pp. 3-42
    • Lucas, R.E.1
  • 166
    • 0142019380 scopus 로고
    • Foreign trade regimes and economic development: A review article
    • McKinnon, R. I. (1979). “Foreign Trade Regimes and Economic Development: A Review Article, ” Journal of International Economics, 9, 429–52.
    • (1979) Journal of International Economics , vol.9 , pp. 429-452
    • McKinnon, R.I.1
  • 170
    • 0006196438 scopus 로고
    • Real and monetary aspects of the ‘dutch disease’
    • D. C. Hague and K. Jungenfeld (eds.), London: Macmillan
    • Neary, J. P. (1984). “Real and Monetary Aspects of the ‘Dutch Disease’, ” in D. C. Hague and K. Jungenfeld (eds.), Structural Adjustment in Developed Open Economies, London: Macmillan, 357–80.
    • (1984) Structural Adjustment in Developed Open Economies , pp. 357-380
    • Neary, J.P.1
  • 171
    • 85066568684 scopus 로고
    • Comparativeanalysis of traditional and bureaucratic reaction functions of the bceao in côte d’ivoire
    • N’Guessan, T. (1995). “ComparativeAnalysis of Traditional and Bureaucratic Reaction Functions of the BCEAO in Côte d’Ivoire, ” African Journal of Economic Policy, 2(1), 47–58.
    • (1995) African Journal of Economic Policy , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 47-58
    • N’Guessan, T.1
  • 175
    • 0026471098 scopus 로고
    • Short and long run effects of an own-funds scheme
    • O’Connell, S. (1992a). “Short and Long Run Effects of an Own-Funds Scheme, ” Journal of African Economies, 1(1), 131–50.
    • (1992) Journal of African Economies , vol.1 , Issue.1 , pp. 131-150
    • O’Connell, S.1
  • 176
    • 0344091973 scopus 로고
    • Uniform commercial policy, illegal trade, and the real exchange rate: A theoretical analysis
    • O’Connell, S. (1992b). “Uniform Commercial Policy, Illegal Trade, and the Real Exchange Rate: A Theoretical Analysis, ” World Bank Economic Review, 6, 459–79.
    • (1992) World Bank Economic Review , vol.6 , pp. 459-479
    • O’Connell, S.1
  • 185
    • 43949174900 scopus 로고
    • Designing institutions for monetary stability
    • reprinted in T. Persson and G. Tabellini (eds.), Monetary and Fiscal Policy, Volume 1: Credibility, Cambridge. MA: MIT Press
    • Persson, T. and G. Tabellini (1993). “Designing Institutions for Monetary Stability, ” Carnegie- Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy, 39, reprinted in T. Persson and G. Tabellini (eds.), Monetary and Fiscal Policy, Volume 1: Credibility, Cambridge. MA: MIT Press, 1994, 279–310.
    • (1993) Carnegie- Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy , vol.39 , pp. 279-310
    • Persson, T.1    Tabellini, G.2
  • 186
    • 0023500254 scopus 로고
    • Nigeria during and after the oil boom: A policy comparison with indonesia
    • Pinto, B. (1987). “Nigeria During and After the Oil Boom: A Policy Comparison with Indonesia, ” World Bank Economic Review, 1, 419–45.
    • (1987) World Bank Economic Review , vol.1 , pp. 419-445
    • Pinto, B.1
  • 187
    • 0024871199 scopus 로고
    • Black market premia, exchange rate unification, and inflation in sub-saharan africa
    • Pinto, B. (1989). “Black Market Premia, Exchange Rate Unification, and Inflation in Sub-Saharan Africa, ” World Bank Economic Review, 3, 321–38.
    • (1989) World Bank Economic Review , vol.3 , pp. 321-338
    • Pinto, B.1
  • 188
    • 0000810692 scopus 로고
    • Smuggling and price disparity
    • Pitt, M. (1981). “Smuggling and Price Disparity, ” Journal of International Economics, 11, 447–58.
    • (1981) Journal of International Economics , vol.11 , pp. 447-458
    • Pitt, M.1
  • 189
    • 0012832601 scopus 로고
    • Smuggling and the black market for foreign exchange
    • Pitt, M. (1984). “Smuggling and the Black Market for Foreign Exchange, ” Journal of International Economics, 16, 243–57.
    • (1984) Journal of International Economics , vol.16 , pp. 243-257
    • Pitt, M.1
  • 190
    • 5844332798 scopus 로고
    • La zone franc sous le choc de la dévaluation monétaire: Faits et arguments
    • Plane, P. (1994). “La zone franc sous le choc de la dévaluation monétaire: faits et arguments, ” Reflets et perspectives de la vie économique, 23, 203–13.
    • (1994) Reflets Et Perspectives De La Vie Économique , vol.23 , pp. 203-213
    • Plane, P.1
  • 191
    • 0003388042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The eritrean people's liberation front
    • Ch. Clapham (ed.), Oxford: James Currey
    • Pool, D. (1998). “The Eritrean People's Liberation Front, ” in Ch. Clapham (ed.), African Guerrillas, Oxford: James Currey, 19–35.
    • (1998) African Guerrillas , pp. 19-35
    • Pool, D.1
  • 192
    • 0034455940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wage misalignment in cfa countries: Were labour market policies to blame?
    • Rama, M. (2000). “Wage Misalignment in CFA Countries: Were Labour Market Policies to Blame?, ” Journal of African Economies, 9(4), 475–511.
    • (2000) Journal of African Economies , vol.9 , Issue.4 , pp. 475-511
    • Rama, M.1
  • 193
    • 0032716898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economic reform and the stability of the demand for money in tanzania
    • Randa, J. (1999). “Economic Reform and the Stability of the Demand for Money in Tanzania, ” Journal of African Economies, 8(3), 307–44.
    • (1999) Journal of African Economies , vol.8 , Issue.3 , pp. 307-344
    • Randa, J.1
  • 194
    • 0022235602 scopus 로고
    • The performance of rice markets in bangladesh during the 1974 famine
    • Ravallion, M. (1985). “The Performance of Rice Markets in Bangladesh during the 1974 Famine, ” Economic Journal, 95, 15–29.
    • (1985) Economic Journal , vol.95 , pp. 15-29
    • Ravallion, M.1
  • 196
    • 85017030502 scopus 로고
    • Long-run policy analysis and long-run growth
    • Rebelo, S. (1991). “Long-Run Policy Analysis and Long-Run Growth, ” Journal of Political Economy, 99, 500–21.
    • (1991) Journal of Political Economy , vol.99 , pp. 500-521
    • Rebelo, S.1
  • 197
    • 0024254608 scopus 로고
    • The caisse de stabilisation in the coffee sector in côte d’ivoire
    • Ridler, N. B. (1988). “The Caisse de Stabilisation in the Coffee Sector in Côte d’Ivoire, ” World Development, 16, 1521–6.
    • (1988) World Development , vol.16 , pp. 1521-1526
    • Ridler, N.B.1
  • 198
    • 0345247657 scopus 로고
    • The process of trade reform in nigeria and the pursuit of structural adjustment
    • C. Milner and A. J. Rayner (eds.), London: Macmillan
    • Robertson, J. W. (1992). “The Process of Trade Reform in Nigeria and the Pursuit of Structural Adjustment, ” in C. Milner and A. J. Rayner (eds.), Policy Adjustment in Africa, London: Macmillan, 173–95.
    • (1992) Policy Adjustment in Africa , pp. 173-195
    • Robertson, J.W.1
  • 200
    • 0022514022 scopus 로고
    • The simple analytics of segmented markets: What case for liberalization?
    • Roemer, M. (1987). “The Simple Analytics of Segmented Markets: What Case for Liberalization?, ” World Development, 14, 429–39.
    • (1987) World Development , vol.14 , pp. 429-439
    • Roemer, M.1
  • 201
    • 84947586303 scopus 로고
    • The optimal degree of commitment to an intermediate monetary target
    • Rogoff, K. A. (1985). “The Optimal Degree of Commitment to an Intermediate Monetary Target, ” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 100, 1169–89.
    • (1985) Quarterly Journal of Economics , vol.100 , pp. 1169-1189
    • Rogoff, K.A.1
  • 202
    • 0003331997 scopus 로고
    • Sénégal: Stabilization, partial adjustment, and stagnation
    • I. Husain and R. Faruqee (eds.), Washington, DC: World Bank
    • Rouis, M. (1994). “Sénégal: Stabilization, Partial Adjustment, and Stagnation, ” in I. Husain and R. Faruqee (eds.), Adjustment in Africa: Lessons from Country Case Studies, Washington, DC: World Bank, 286–351.
    • (1994) Adjustment in Africa: Lessons from Country Case Studies , pp. 286-351
    • Rouis, M.1
  • 203
    • 0011418101 scopus 로고
    • Intertemporal price equilibrium: A prologue to the theory of speculation
    • reprinted in J. Stiglitz (ed.), The Collected Scientific Papers of Paul A. Samuelson, chapter 73, Cambridge. MA: MIT Press
    • Samuelson, P. A. (1957). “Intertemporal Price Equilibrium: A Prologue to the Theory of Speculation, ” Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv, 93, 181–219, reprinted in J. Stiglitz (ed.), The Collected Scientific Papers of Paul A. Samuelson, chapter 73, Cambridge. MA: MIT Press.
    • (1957) Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv , vol.93 , pp. 181-219
    • Samuelson, P.A.1
  • 204
    • 0000087096 scopus 로고
    • Rational expectations and the dynamics of hyperinflation
    • Sargent, T. J. and Wallace, N. (1973). “Rational Expectations and the Dynamics of Hyperinflation, ” International Economic Review, 14, 328–5.
    • (1973) International Economic Review , vol.14 , pp. 328-335
    • Sargent, T.J.1    Wallace, N.2
  • 206
    • 0024877509 scopus 로고
    • The fiscal role of price stabilization funds: The case of côte d’ivoire
    • Schiller, C. (1989). “The Fiscal Role of Price Stabilization Funds: The Case of Côte d’Ivoire, ” Journal of International Development, 1, 297–320.
    • (1989) Journal of International Development , vol.1 , pp. 297-320
    • Schiller, C.1
  • 208
    • 0000213862 scopus 로고
    • A note on woodford's conjecture: Constructing stationary sunspot equilibria in a continuous time model
    • Shigoka, T. (1994). “A Note on Woodford's Conjecture: Constructing Stationary Sunspot Equilibria in a Continuous Time Model, ” Journal of Economic Theory 64, 531–40.
    • (1994) Journal of Economic Theory , vol.64 , pp. 531-540
    • Shigoka, T.1
  • 210
    • 0000742748 scopus 로고
    • Rational choice and patterns of growth in a monetary economy
    • Sidrauski, M. (1967). “Rational Choice and Patterns of Growth in a Monetary Economy, ” American Economic Review, 57(2), 534–44.
    • (1967) American Economic Review , vol.57 , Issue.2 , pp. 534-544
    • Sidrauski, M.1
  • 213
    • 0002672368 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative characteristics of the tax system of developing countries
    • D. Newbery and N. Stern (eds.), Washington, DC: World Bank
    • Tanzi, V. (1987). “Quantitative Characteristics of the Tax System of Developing Countries, ” in D. Newbery and N. Stern (eds.), The Theory of Taxation for Developing Countries, Washington, DC: World Bank, 205–41.
    • (1987) The Theory of Taxation for Developing Countries , pp. 205-241
    • Tanzi, V.1
  • 214
    • 0027072707 scopus 로고
    • Structural factors and tax revenue in developing countries: A decade of evidence
    • I. Goldin and L.A. Winters (eds.), London, Paris, and Cambridge: CEPR, OECD, and Cambridge University Press
    • Tanzi, V. (1992). “Structural Factors and Tax Revenue in Developing Countries: A Decade of Evidence, ” in I. Goldin and L.A. Winters (eds.), Open Economies: Structural Adjustment and Agriculture, London, Paris, and Cambridge: CEPR, OECD, and Cambridge University Press, 267–85.
    • (1992) Open Economies: Structural Adjustment and Agriculture , pp. 267-285
    • Tanzi, V.1
  • 216
    • 85066544423 scopus 로고
    • Education and national economic development in kenya
    • document submitted to the National Committee on Educational Objectives and Policies, reprinted in T. Killick (ed.), Nairobi: Heinemann Educational
    • Todaro, M. P. (1976). “Education and National Economic Development in Kenya, ” document submitted to the National Committee on Educational Objectives and Policies, reprinted in T. Killick (ed.), Papers on the Kenyan Economy, Studies in the Economics of Africa, Nairobi: Heinemann Educational, 1981.
    • (1976) Papers on the Kenyan Economy, Studies in the Economics of Africa
    • Todaro, M.P.1
  • 217
    • 0026354116 scopus 로고
    • The decline of the franc zone: Monetary politics in francophone africa
    • Van de Walle, N. (1991). “The Decline of the Franc Zone: Monetary Politics in Francophone Africa, ” African Affairs, 90, 383–405.
    • (1991) African Affairs , vol.90 , pp. 383-405
    • Van De Walle, N.1
  • 218
    • 85010796670 scopus 로고
    • Optimal contracts for central bankers
    • Walsh, C. E. (1995). “Optimal Contracts for Central Bankers, ” American Economic Review, 85, 150–67.
    • (1995) American Economic Review , vol.85 , pp. 150-167
    • Walsh, C.E.1
  • 219
    • 38249041211 scopus 로고
    • Stationary sunspot equilibria in a finance constrained economy
    • Woodford, M. (1986). “Stationary Sunspot Equilibria in a Finance Constrained Economy, ” Journal of Economic Theory, 40, 128–37.
    • (1986) Journal of Economic Theory , vol.40 , pp. 128-137
    • Woodford, M.1
  • 220
    • 0000641188 scopus 로고
    • The theory of the price of storage
    • Working, H. (1949). “The Theory of the Price of Storage, ” American Economic Review, 39, 1254–62.
    • (1949) American Economic Review , vol.39 , pp. 1254-1262
    • Working, H.1
  • 222
    • 0003779574 scopus 로고
    • Washington, DC: World Bank
    • World Bank (1987b). World Development Report 1987, Washington, DC: World Bank.
    • (1987) World Development Report 1987
  • 223
    • 85066544678 scopus 로고
    • Washington, DC: World Bank
    • World Bank (1995a). World Debt Tables 1993–94, Washington, DC: World Bank.
    • (1995) World Debt Tables 1993–94
  • 224
    • 0003849095 scopus 로고
    • Washington, DC: World Bank
    • World Bank (1995b). World Tables 1995, Washington, DC: World Bank.
    • (1995) World Tables 1995
  • 225
    • 0003464370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Washington, DC: World Bank
    • World Bank (1996). World Development Report 1996, Washington, DC: World Bank.
    • (1996) World Development Report 1996
  • 226
    • 17144464149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Washington, DC: World Bank, diskette
    • World Bank (1997). African Development Indicators, Washington, DC: World Bank, diskette.
    • (1997) African Development Indicators
  • 227
    • 34249936396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Report, 26189-SN, Washington, DC: World Bank
    • World Bank (2005). Senegal: Poverty and Human Development, Report, 26189-SN, Washington, DC: World Bank.
    • (2005) Senegal: Poverty and Human Development
  • 229
    • 0002563613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The tigray people liberation front
    • C. Clapham (ed.), Oxford: James Currey
    • Young, J. (1998). “The Tigray People Liberation Front, ” in C. Clapham (ed.), African Guerrillas, Oxford: James Currey, 36–52.
    • (1998) African Guerrillas , pp. 36-52
    • Young, J.1
  • 230
    • 0027103285 scopus 로고
    • Testing the link between devaluation and inflation: Time series evidence from ghana
    • Younger, S. D. (1992). “Testing the Link between Devaluation and Inflation: Time Series Evidence from Ghana, ” Journal of African Economies, 1(3), 369–94.
    • (1992) Journal of African Economies , vol.1 , Issue.3 , pp. 369-394
    • Younger, S.D.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.