Electronic Cigarettes: Vulnerability of Youth

Pediatric, Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonology

Volumn 28, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 2-6

  Schraufnagel, Dean E ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ELECTRONIC CIGARETTE; NICOTINE;

HEALTH HAZARD; HUMAN; JUVENILE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; SMOKING; SMOKING CESSATION; SUBSTANCE ABUSE; TOBACCO; TOBACCO DEPENDENCE; VULNERABLE POPULATION;

EID: 84925003682     PISSN: 2151321X     EISSN: 21513228     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1089/ped.2015.0490     Document Type: Review

References (45)

1. National Institute on Drug Abuse. Teen prescription opioid abuse, cigarette, and alcohol use trends down. Washington: National Institute on Drug Abuse, 2014.
2. Hendricks PS, Cases MG, Thorne CB, Cheong J, Harrington KF, Kohler CL, et al. Hospitalized smokers' expectancies for electronic cigarettes versus tobacco cigarettes. Addict Behav 2014; 41C:106-111.
3. Regan AK, Promoff G, Dube SR, Arrazola R. Electronic nicotine delivery systems: adult use and awareness of the 'e-cigarette' in the USA. Tob Control 2013; 22:19-23.
4. Adkison SE, O'Connor RJ, Bansal-Travers M, Hyland A, Borland R, Yong HH, Cummings KM, McNeill A, Thrasher JF, Hammond D, Fong GT. Electronic nicotine delivery systems: international tobacco control four-country survey. Am J Prev Med 2013; 44:207-215.
5. World Health Organization Regional Office for South East Asia. Global adult tobacco survey: Indonesia report 2011. 2012.
6. King BA, Alam S, Promoff G, Arrazola R, Dube SR. Awareness and ever-use of electronic cigarettes among U.S. adults, 2010-2011. Nicotine Tob Res 2013; 15:1623-1627.
7. Harrington KF, Hull NC, Akindoju O, Kim YI, Hendricks PS, Kohler C, et al. Electronic cigarette awareness, use history, and expected future use among hospitalized cigarette smokers. Nicotine Tob Res 2014; 16:1512-1517.
8. Etter JF, Bullen, C. Electronic cigarette: users profile, utilization, satisfaction and perceived efficacy. Addiction 2011; 106:2017-2028.
9. Caponnetto P, Campagna D, Cibella F, Morjaria JB, Caruso M, Russo C, Polosa R. EffiCiency and Safety of an eLectronic cigAreTte (ECLAT) as tobacco cigarettes substitute: a prospective 12-month randomized control design study. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66317.
10. Polosa R, Morjaria JB, Caponnetto P, Campagna D, Russo C, Alamo A, et al. Effectiveness and tolerability of electronic cigarette in real-life: a 24-month prospective observational study. Intern Emerg Med 2014; 9:537-546.
11. Bullen C, Williman J, Howe C, Laugesen M, McRobbie H, Parag V, Walker N. Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation: a randomised controlled trial. The Lancet 2013; 382:1629-1637.
12. Popova L, Ling PM. Alternative tobacco product use and smoking cessation: a national study. Am J Public Health 2013; 103:923-930.
13. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Electronic cigarette use among middle and high school students - United States, 2011-2012. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2013; 62:729-730.
14. Krishnan-Sarin S, Morean ME, Camenga DR, Cavallo DA, Kong G. E-cigarette use among high school and middle school adolescents in Connecticut. Nicotine Tob Res 2014; Pii:ntu243.
15. McMillen RC, Gottlieb MA, Shaefer RM, Winickoff JP, Klein JD. Trends in electronic cigarette use among U.S. adults: use is increasing in both smokers and nonsmokers. Nicotine Tob Res 2014; pii:ntu213.
16. Stanford Research into the Impact of Tobacco Advertising. Stanford research into the impact of tobacco advertising. Palo Alto, California: Stanford Medical School, 2015.
17. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services OotSG. The health consequences of smoking - 50 years of progress: a report of the surgeon general, 2014. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2014.
18. DiFranza JR, Savageau JA, Fletcher K, O'Loughlin J, Pbert L, Ockene JK, et al. Symptoms of tobacco dependence after brief intermittent use: the development and assessment of nicotine dependence in youth-2 study. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2007; 161:704-710.
19. Dutra LM, Glantz SA. Electronic cigarettes and conventional cigarette use among U.S. adolescents: a cross-sectional study. JAMA Pediatr 2014; 168:610-617.
20. World Health Organization. Tobacco, fact sheet No339. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, 2014.
21. Legacy Tobacco Documents Library. Legacy Tobacco Documents Library. San Francisco, CA: University of California San Francisco Library.
22. Halimi JM, Philippon C, Mimran A. Contrasting renal effects of nicotine in smokers and non-smokers. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1998; 13:940-944.
23. Santanam N, Thornhill BA, Lau JK, Crabtree CM, Cook CR, Brown KC, et al. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor signaling in atherogenesis. Atherosclerosis 2012; 225:264-273.
24. Chu KM, Cho CH, Shin VY. Nicotine and gastrointestinal disorders: its role in ulceration and cancer development. Curr Pharm Des 2013; 19:5-10.
25. Kallala R, Barrow J, Graham SM, Kanakaris N, Giannoudis PV. The in vitro and in vivo effects of nicotine on bone, bone cells and fracture repair. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2013; 12:209-233.
26. Harte CB, Meston CM. Acute effects of nicotine on physiological and subjective sexual arousal in nonsmoking men: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Sex Med 2008; 5:110-121.
27. Wessels C, Winterer G. Nikotin und Gehirnentwicklung. Nervenarzt 2008; 79:7-8, 10-12, 4-6.
28. Demirhan O, Demir C, Tunc E, nandiklioglu N, Sutcu E, Sadikoglu N, et al. The genotoxic effect of nicotine on chromosomes of human fetal cells: the first report described as an important study. Inhal Toxicol 2011; 23:829-834.
29. Sekhon HS, Jia Y, Raab R, Kuryatov A, Pankow JF, Whitsett JA, et al. Prenatal nicotine increases pulmonary alpha7 nicotinic receptor expression and alters fetal lung development in monkeys. J Clin Invest 1999; 103:637-647.
30. Wang NS, Chen MF, Schraufnagel DE, Yao YT. The cumulative scanning electron microscopic changes in baby mouse lungs following prenatal and postnatal exposures to nicotine. J Pathol 1984; 144:89-100.
31. Maritz GS. Effect of maternal nicotine exposure on growth in vivo of lung tissue of neonatal rats. Biol Neonate 1988; 53163-170.
32. Maritz GS, Harding R. Life-long programming implications of exposure to tobacco smoking and nicotine before and soon after birth: evidence for altered lung development. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2011; 8:875-898.
33. Cliver SP, Goldenberg RL, Cutter GR, Hoffman HJ, Davis RO, Nelson KG. The effect of cigarette smoking on neonatal anthropometric measurements. Obstet Gynecol 1995; 85:625-630.
34. Bruin JE, Gerstein HC, Holloway AC. Long-term consequences of fetal and neonatal nicotine exposure: a critical review. Toxicol Sci 2010; 116:364-374.
35. Woolf A, Burkhart K, Caraccio T, Litovitz T. Childhood poisoning involving transdermal nicotine patches. Pediatrics 1997; 99:E4.
36. Gehlbach SH, Williams WA, Perry LD, Woodall JS. Green-tobacco sickness. An illness of tobacco harvesters. JAMA 1974; 229:1880-1883.
37. World Health Organization - Tobacco Free Initiative. Questions and answers on electronic cigarettes or electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) - statement. July 2013 [Web Portal]. WHO, Geneva, 2013.
38. Slaughter RJ, Shieffelbien LM, Temple WA, Schep LJ. Paediatric poisoning due to nicotine replacement therapy products: an emerging hazard. J Paediatr Child Health 2014; 50:164-165.
39. Vardavas CI, Anagnostopoulos N, Kougias M, Evangelopoulou V, Connolly GN, Behrakis PK. Short-term pulmonary effects of using an electronic cigarette: impact on respiratory flow resistance, impedance, and exhaled nitric oxide. Chest 2012; 141:1400-1406.
40. Kreiss K, Gomaa A, Kullman G, Fedan K, Simoes EJ, Enright PL. Clinical bronchiolitis obliterans in workers at a microwave-popcorn plant. N Engl J Med 2002; 347:330-338.
41. Cummings KJ, Boylstein RJ, Stanton ML, Piacitelli CA, Edwards NT, LeBouf RF, et al. Respiratory symptoms and lung function abnormalities related to work at a flavouring manufacturing facility. Occup Environ Med 2014; 71:549-554.
42. Sahakian N, Kullman G, Lynch D, Kreiss K. Asthma arising in flavoring-exposed food production workers. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2008; 21:173-177.
43. German Cancer Research Center - DKFZ (Ed.). Electronic cigarettes - an overview. Heidelberg: DKFZ 2013.
44. Kandel ER, Kandel DB. Shattuck lecture. A molecular basis for nicotine as a gateway drug. N Engl J Med 2014; 371:932-943.
45. Calabro KS, Tamara C, Prokhorov AV. Denormalizing of tobacco use and the role of the pediatric health-care provider. Pediatr Allergy Immunol Pulmonol 2010; 23:273-278.