Effects of pond salinization on survival rate of amphibian hosts infected with the chytrid fungus

Conservation Biology

Volumn 29, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 391-399

  Stockwell, Michelle Pirrie ^a   Storrie, Lachlan James ^a   Pollard, Carla Jean ^a   Clulow, John ^a   Mahony, Michael Joseph ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEWCASTLE   (Australia)

Author keywords

Amphibian decline; Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis; Chytridiomycosis; Disease management; Fungicide; Habitat manipulation; Refuge; Sodium chloride

Indexed keywords

AMPHIBIAN; CAPTIVE BREEDING; DISEASE CONTROL; FUNGAL DISEASE; FUNGUS; POND; REFUGE; SALINITY; SALINIZATION; SODIUM CHLORIDE; SPECIES CONSERVATION; SURVIVAL;

AMPHIBIA; ANISOPTERA (DRAGONFLIES); BATRACHOCHYTRIUM DENDROBATIDIS; FUNGI; HYLIDAE; LITORIA AUREA; LITORIA FALLAX; ZYGOPTERA;

ANIMAL; ANURA; AUSTRALIA; CHEMISTRY; CHYTRIDIOMYCETES; LONGEVITY; MICROBIOLOGY; MYCOSES; PHYSIOLOGY; POND; SALINITY; SURVIVAL RATE;

ANIMALS; ANURA; CHYTRIDIOMYCOTA; LONGEVITY; MYCOSES; NEW SOUTH WALES; PONDS; SALINITY; SURVIVAL RATE;

EID: 84924739425     PISSN: 08888892     EISSN: 15231739     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/cobi.12402     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Beard, K. H., and E. M. O'Neill . 2005. Infection of an invasive frog Eleutherodactylus coqui by the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in Hawaii. Biological Conservation 126:591-595.
2. Begon, M., M. Bennett, R. G. Bowers, N. P. French, S. M. Hazel, and J. Turner . 2002. A clarification of transmission terms in host-microparasite models: numbers, densities and areas. Epidemiology and Infection 129:147-153.
3. Berger, L., G. Marantelli, L. F. Skerratt, and R. Speare . 2005. Virulence of the amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis varies with strain. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 68:47-50.
4. Berger, L., R. Spear, G. Marantelli, and L. F. Skerratt . 2009. A zoospore inhibition technique to evaluate the activity of antifungal compounds against Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and unsuccessful treatment of experimentally infected green tree frogs (Litoria cerulea) by fluconazole and benzalkonium chloride. Research in Veterinary Science 87:106-110.
5. Blaustein, A. R., and D. B. Wake . 1990. Declining amphibian populations: A global phenomenon? Trends in Ecology and Evolution 5:203-204.
6. Boyle, D. B., D. B. Boyle, V. Olsen, J. A. T. Morgan, and A. D. Hyatt . 2004. Rapid quantitative detection of chytridiomycosis (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) in amphibian samples using real-time Taqman PCR assay. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 60:141-148.
7. Christy, M. T., and C. R. Dickman . 2002. Effects of salinity on tadpoles of the green and golden bell frog (Litoria aurea). Amphibia-Reptilia 23:1-11.
8. Davidson, E. W., M. J. Parris, J. P. Collins, J. E. Longcore, A. P. Pessier, and J. Brunner . 2003. Pathogenicity and transmission of chytridiomycosis in tiger salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum). Copeia 2003:601-607.
9. Duellman, W. E., and L. Trueb . 1994. Biology of the Amphibia. The John Hopkins University Press, London.
10. Gosner, K. L. 1960. A simplified table for staging anuran embryos and larvae with notes on identification. Herpetologica 16:183-190.
11. Halse, S. A., J. K. Ruprecht, and A. M. Pinder . 2003. Salinisation and prospects for biodiversity in rivers and wetlands of south-west Australia. Australian Journal of Botany 51:673-688.
12. Harris, R. N., T. Y. James, A. Lauer, M. A. Simon, and A. Patel . 2006. Amphibian pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis is inhibited by the cutaneous bacteria of amphibian species. EcoHealth 3:53-56.
13. Hart, B. T., P. Bailey, R. Edwards, K. Hortle, K. James, A. McMahon, C. Meredith, and K. Swadling . 1990. Effects of salinity on river, stream and wetland ecosystems in Victoria, Australia. Water Research 24:1103-1117.
14. Heard, G. W., M. P. Scroggie, N. Clemann, and D. S. L. Ramsey . 2013. Wetland characteristics influence disease risk for a threatened amphibian. Ecological Applications 24:650-662.
15. Hossack, B. R., W. H. Lowe, J. L. Ware, and P. S. Corn . 2013. Disease in a dynamic landscape: host behaviour and wildfire reduce amphibian chytrid infection. Biological Conservation 157:293-299.
16. Jakob, E. M. 1996. Estimating fitness: a comparison of body condition indices. Oikos 77:61-67.
17. Kearney, B. D., P. G. Byrne, and R. D. Reina . 2012. Larval tolerance to salinity in three species of Australian anuran: an indication of saline specialisation in Litoria aurea. PLoS ONE 7 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043427.
18. Kriger, K. M., and J.-M. Hero . 2006. Large scale seasonal variation in the prevalence and severity of chytridiomycosis. Journal of Zoology 10:1111-1117.
19. Mahony, M. J., et al. 2013. Identifying conservation and research priorities for endangered species in the face of uncertainty: a review of the threatened bell frog complex in eastern Australia. Herpetological Conservation and Biology 8(3):519-538.
20. McKenzie, N. L., A. H. Burbidge, and J. K. Rolfe . 2003. Effect of salinity on small, ground-dwelling animals in the Western Australian wheatbelt. Australian Journal of Botany 51:725-740.
21. Minting, P. J. 2012. An investigation into the effects of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) on natterjack toad (Bufo calamita) populations in the UK. PhD dissertation. The University of Sussex, United Kingdom.
22. Pearl, C. A., J. Bowerman, M. J. Adams, and N. D. Chelgren . 2009. Widespread occurrence of the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis on Oregon spotted frogs (Rana pretiosa). EcoHealth 6:209-218.
23. Puschendorf, R., C. J. Hoskin, S. D. Cashins, K. McDonald, L. F. Skerratt, J. Vanderwal, and R. A. Alford . 2011. Environmental refuge from disease-driven amphibian extinction refugio ambiental para la extinción de anfibios causada por enfermedad. Conservation Biology 25:956-964.
24. Rollins-Smith, L. A., J. K. Doersam, J. E. Longcore, S. K. Taylor, J. C. Shamblin, C. Carey, and M. A. Zasloff . 2002. Antimicrobial peptide defenses against pathogens associated with global amphibian declines. Developmental & Comparative Immunology 26:63-72.
25. Rowley, J. J. L., and R. A. Alford . 2007. Behaviour of Australian rainforest stream frogs may affect the transmission of chytridiomycosis. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 77:1-9.
26. Shoemaker, V., and K. A. Nagy . 1977. Osmoregulation in amphibians and reptiles. Annual Review of Physiology 39:449-471.
27. Shpun, S., J. Hoffman, and U. Katz . 1992. Anuran amphibia which are not acclimable to high salt, tolerate high plasma urea. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology 103:473-477.
28. Skerratt, L. F., L. Berger, R. Speare, S. Cashins, K. R. McDonald, A. D. Phillott, H. B. Hines, and N. Kenyon . 2007. Spread of chytridiomycosis has caused the rapid global decline and extinction of frogs. EcoHealth 4:125-134.
29. Smith, K. F., D. F. Sax, and K. D. Lafferty . 2006. Evidence for the role of infectious disease in species extinction and endangerment. Conservation Biology 20:1349-1357.
30. Spalding, M. G., G. T. Bancroft, and D. J. Forrester . 1993. The epizootiology of Eeustrongylidosis in wading birds (Ciconiiformes) in Florida. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 29:237-249.
31. Stockwell, M. P. 2011. Impact and mitigation of the emerging infectious disease chytridiomycosis on the endangered green and golden bell frog. PhD thesis. The University of Newcastle, Australia.
32. Stockwell, M. P., S. Clulow, J. Clulow, and M. Mahony . 2008. The impact of the amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis on a green and golden bell frog Litoria aurea reintroduction program at the Hunter Wetlands Centre Australia in the Hunter Region of NSW. Australian Zoologist 34:379-386.
33. Stockwell, M. P., J. Clulow, and M. J. Mahony . 2010. Host species determines whether infection load increases beyond disease-causing thresholds following exposure to the amphibian chytrid fungus. Animal Conservation 13(supplement 1):62-71.
34. Stockwell, M. P., J. Clulow, and M. J. Mahony . 2012. Sodium chloride inhibits the growth and infective capacity of the amphibian chytrid fungus and increases host survival rates. PLoS ONE 7 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036942.
35. Turner, L., and W. D. Erskine . 2005. Variability in the development, persistence and breakdown of thermal, oxygen and salt stratification on regulated rivers of southeastern Australia. River Research and Applications 21:151-168.
36. Voordouw, M., D. Adama, B. Houston, P. Govindarajulu, and J. Robinson . 2010. Prevalence of the pathogenic chytrid fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, in an endangered population of northern leopard frogs, Rana pipiens. BMC Ecology 10(6):1-10.
37. Voyles, J., et al. 2009. Pathogenesis of chytridiomycosis, a cause of catastrophic amphibian declines. Science 326:582-585.
38. Vredenburg, V. T., R. A. Knapp, T. S. Tunstall, and C. J. Briggs . 2010. Dynamics of an emerging disease drive large-scale amphibian population extinctions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107:9689-9694.
39. Wallace, J. B., and J. R. Webster . 1996. The role of macro-invertebrates in stream ecosystem function. Annual Review of Entomology 41:115-139.
40. Wobeser, G. 2007. Disease management through environmental modification. Pages 271-290. Disease in wild animals. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
41. Woodhams, D. C., R. A. Alford, and G. Marantelli . 2003. Emerging disease of amphibians cured by elevated body temperature. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 55:65-67.