Highlighting the injunctive norm to reduce phone-related distracted driving

Social Influence

Volumn 10, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 109-118

  Lawrence, Natalie Kerr ^a  

^a JAMES MADISON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

distracted driving; injunctive norms; social influence

Indexed keywords

EID: 84923080003     PISSN: 15534510     EISSN: 15534529     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/15534510.2015.1007082     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Bator, R. J., Tabanico, J. J., Walton, M. L., & Schultz, P. W. (2014). Promoting energy conservation with implied norms and explicit messages. Social Influence, 9, 69–82. 10.1080/15534510.2013.778213.
2. Bayer, J. B., & Campbell, S. W. (2012). Texting while driving on automatic: Considering the frequency-independent side of habit. Computers in Human Behavior, 28, 2083–2090. 10.1016/j.chb.2012.06.012.
3. Burger, J. M., & Shelton, M. (2011). Changing everyday health behaviors through descriptive norm manipulations. Social Influence, 6, 69–77. 10.1080/15534510.2010.542305.
4. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2013). Mobile device use while driving: United States and seven European countries. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6210a1.htm.
5. Cialdini, R. B. (2003). Crafting normative messages to protect the environment. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 12, 105–109. 10.1111/1467-8721.01242.
6. Cialdini, R. B., Demaine, L. J., Sagarin, B. J., Barrett, D. W., Rhoads, K., & Winter, P. L. (2006). Managing social norms for persuasive impact. Social Influence, 1, 3–15. 10.1080/15534510500181459.
7. Cialdini, R. B., Reno, R. R., & Kallgren, C. A. (1990). A focus theory of normative conduct: Recycling the concept of norms to reduce littering in public places. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 1015–1026. 10.1037/0022-3514.58.6.1015.
8. Clapp, J. D., Lange, J. E., Russel, C., Shillington, A., & Voas, R. (2003). A failed norms social marketing campaign. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 64, 409–414.
9. Dingus, T. A., Klauer, S. G., Neale, V. L., Petersen, A., Lee, S. E., Sudweeks, J., … Knipling, R. R (2006). The 100-car naturalistic driving study, Phase II: Results of the 100-car field experiment. (Report No. DOT HS 810 593). Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.
10. Fleming, M. A., & Petty, R. E. (2000). Identity and persuasion: An elaboration likelihood approach. In D. J.Terry & M. A.Hogg (Eds.), Attitudes, behaviors, and social context: The role of norms and group membership (pp. 171–199). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
11. Goldstein, N. J., Cialdini, R. B., & Griskevicius, V. (2008). A room with a viewpoint: Using social norms to motivate environmental conservation in hotels. Journal of Consumer Research, 35, 472–482. 10.1086/586910.
12. Kallgren, C. A., Reno, R. R., & Cialdini, R. B. (2000). A focus theory of normative conduct: When norms do and do not affect behavior. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26, 1002–1012. 10.1177/01461672002610009.
13. Kazoleas, D. C. (1993). A comparison of the persuasive effectiveness of qualitative versus quantitative evidence: A test of explanatory hypotheses. Communication Quarterly, 41, 40–50. 10.1080/01463379309369866.
14. Kredentser, M. S., Fabrigar, L. R., Smith, S. M., & Fulton, K. (2012). Following what people think we should do versus what people actually do: Elaboration as a moderator of the impact of descriptive and injunctive norms. Social Psychology and Personality Science, 3, 341–347. 10.1177/1948550611420481.
15. Lawrence, N. K. (2013). [University survey]. Unpublished raw data.
16. Mackie, D. M., Worth, L. T., & Asuncion, A. G. (1990). Processing of persuasive in-group messages. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 812–822. 10.1037/0022-3514.58.5.812.
17. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. (2014). Driver electronic device use in 2012. (Report No. 811884). Retrieved from http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/Pubs/811884.pdf.
18. National Safety Council. (2014). NSC releases latest injury and fatality statistics and trends [Press release]. Retrieved from http://www.nsc.org/NewsDocuments/2014-Press-Release-Archive/3-25-2014-Injury-Facts-release.pdf.
19. Neighbors, C., Larimer, M., & Lewis, M. (2004). Targeting misperceptions of descriptive drinking norms: Efficacy of a computer-delivered personalized normative feedback intervention. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 72, 434–447. 10.1037/0022-006X.72.3.434.
20. Nolan, J. M., Schultz, P. W., Cialdini, R. B., Goldstein, N. J., & Griskevicius, V. (2008). Normative social influence is underdetected. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34, 913–923. 10.1177/0146167208316691.
21. Oulasvirta, A., Rattenbury, T., Ma, L., & Raita, E (2012). Habits make smartphone use more pervasive. Personal Ubiquitous Computing, 16, 105–114. 10.1007/s00779-011-0412-2.
22. Pickrell, T. M. (2014). Driver electronic device use in 2012(Traffic Safety Facts Research Note: Report No. DOT HS 811 884). Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Retrieved from http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/Pubs/811884.pdf.
23. Pickrell, T. M., & Ye, T. J. (2010). Driver electronic device use observation protocol(Traffic Safety Facts Research Note: Report No. DOT HS 811 361). Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Retrieved from http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/Pubs/811361.pdf.
24. Schreiner, L. A. (2014). [University survey]. Unpublished raw data.
25. Schroeder, P., Meyers, M., & Kostyniuk, L. (2013). National survey on distracted driving attitudes and behaviors – 2012. (Report No. DOT HS 811729). Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.
26. Schultz, P. W., Khazian, A. M., & Zaleski, A. C. (2008). Using normative social influence to promote conservation among hotel guests. Social Influence, 3, 4–23. 10.1080/15534510701755614.
27. Schultz, P. W., Nolan, J. M., Cialdini, R. B., Goldstein, N. J., & Griskevicius, V (2007). The constructive, destructive, and reconstructive power of social norms. Psychological Science, 18, 429–434. 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01917.x.
28. Terry, D. J., & Hogg, M. A. (1996). Group norms and the attitude-behavior relationship: A role for group identification. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22, 776–793. 10.1177/0146167296228002.