메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 30, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 16-32

A review of body composition measurement in the assessment of health

Author keywords

Body composition; body fat mass index; measurementmethods; obesity; sarcopenia; visceral fat

Indexed keywords

ANTHROPOMETRY; BODY COMPOSITION; BONE DENSITY; COMMUNITY; DUAL ENERGY X RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY; HEALTH; HEALTH CARE; HUMAN; IMPEDANCE; NUTRITIONAL STATUS; OBESITY; OSTEOPENIA; OSTEOPOROSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SARCOPENIA; ULTRASOUND;

EID: 84922330291     PISSN: 08835691     EISSN: 15505146     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/TIN.0000000000000017     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (51)

References (89)
  • 1
    • 77952290167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic performance of body mass index to identify obesity as defined by body adiposity: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Okorodudu DO, Jumean MF, Montori VM, et al. Diagnostic performance of body mass index to identify obesity as defined by body adiposity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Obes. 2010;34(5):791-799. doi:10.1038/ijo.2010.5.
    • (2010) Int J Obes , vol.34 , Issue.5 , pp. 791-799
    • Okorodudu, D.O.1    Jumean, M.F.2    Montori, V.M.3
  • 2
    • 0025828260 scopus 로고
    • Variability in the measures of body fat Assumptions or technique?
    • Martin AD, Drinkwater DT. Variability in the measures of body fat. Assumptions or technique? Sports Med. 1991;11(5):277-288.
    • (1991) Sports Med , vol.11 , Issue.5 , pp. 277-288
    • Martin, A.D.1    Drinkwater, D.T.2
  • 3
    • 84885754008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generalized equations for the prediction of percentage body fat by anthropometry in adult men and women aged 18-81 years
    • Leahy S, O'Neill C, Sohun R, Toomey C, Jakeman P. Generalized equations for the prediction of percentage body fat by anthropometry in adult men and women aged 18-81 years. Br J Nutr. 2013;109(4):678-685. doi:10.1017/S0007114512001870.
    • (2013) Br J Nutr , vol.109 , Issue.4 , pp. 678-685
    • Leahy, S.1    O'Neill, C.2    Sohun, R.3    Toomey, C.4    Jakeman, P.5
  • 5
    • 37949056062 scopus 로고
    • Densitometric analysis of body composition: Revision of some quantitative assumptions
    • Brozek J, Grande F, Anderson JT, Keys A. Densitometric analysis of body composition: revision of some quantitative assumptions. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1963;110:113-140.
    • (1963) Ann N y Acad Sci , vol.110 , pp. 113-140
    • Brozek, J.1    Grande, F.2    Anderson, J.T.3    Keys, A.4
  • 6
    • 0035131549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multi-component body composition models: Recent advances and future directions
    • Pietrobelli A, Heymsfield SB, Wang ZM, Gallagher D. Multi-component body composition models: recent advances and future directions. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2001;55:69-75.
    • (2001) Eur J Clin Nutr , vol.55 , pp. 69-75
    • Pietrobelli, A.1    Heymsfield, S.B.2    Wang, Z.M.3    Gallagher, D.4
  • 7
    • 0031859468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry: Fat estimation errors due to variation in soft tissue hydration
    • Pietrobelli A, Wang Z, Formica C, Heymsfield SB. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry: fat estimation errors due to variation in soft tissue hydration. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 1998;274:E808-E816.
    • (1998) Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab , vol.274 , pp. E808-E816
    • Pietrobelli, A.1    Wang, Z.2    Formica, C.3    Heymsfield, S.B.4
  • 8
    • 0034096242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body composition in healthy aging
    • Baumgartner RN. Body composition in healthy aging. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2000;904:437-448.
    • (2000) Ann N y Acad Sci , vol.904 , pp. 437-448
    • Baumgartner, R.N.1
  • 9
    • 0034096222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing body composition and changes in body composition: Another look at dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry
    • Lohman TG, Harris M, Teixeira PJ, Weiss L. Assessing body composition and changes in body composition: another look at dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2000;904:45-54.
    • (2000) Ann N y Acad Sci , vol.904 , pp. 45-54
    • Lohman, T.G.1    Harris, M.2    Teixeira, P.J.3    Weiss, L.4
  • 10
    • 0034504237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue: Their relation to the metabolic syndrome
    • Wajchenberg B. Subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue: their relation to the metabolic syndrome. Endocr Rev. 2000;21(6):697-738. doi:10.1210/edrv .21.6.0415.
    • (2000) Endocr Rev , vol.21 , Issue.6 , pp. 697-738
    • Wajchenberg, B.1
  • 11
    • 84655167641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of recent technological advances on the trueness and precision of DXA to assess body composition
    • Toombs RJ, Ducher G, Shepherd JA, De Souza MJ. The impact of recent technological advances on the trueness and precision of DXA to assess body composition. Obesity. 2012;20(1):30-39. doi:10.1038/oby.2011.211.
    • (2012) Obesity , vol.20 , Issue.1 , pp. 30-39
    • Toombs, R.J.1    Ducher, G.2    Shepherd, J.A.3    De Souza, M.J.4
  • 12
    • 84861577816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for quantification of visceral fat
    • Kaul S, Rothney MP, Peters DM, et al. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for quantification of visceral fat. Obesity. 2012;20(6):1313-1318. doi:10.1038/oby .2011.393.
    • (2012) Obesity , vol.20 , Issue.6 , pp. 1313-1318
    • Kaul, S.1    Rothney, M.P.2    Peters, D.M.3
  • 13
    • 84876257350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Precision of a new tool to measure visceral adipose tissue (VAT) using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)
    • Rothney MP, Xia Y, Wacker WK, et al. Precision of a new tool to measure visceral adipose tissue (VAT) using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Obesity. 2013;21:E134-E136. doi:10.1002/oby.20140.
    • (2013) Obesity , Issue.21 , pp. E134-E136
    • Rothney, M.P.1    Xia, Y.2    Wacker, W.K.3
  • 14
    • 70349280466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry body composition reference values from NHANES
    • Kelly TL, Wilson KE, Heymsfield SB. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry body composition reference values from NHANES. PLoS ONE. 2009;4(9):e7038. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007038.t001.
    • (2009) PLoS ONE , vol.4 , Issue.9 , pp. e7038
    • Kelly, T.L.1    Wilson, K.E.2    Heymsfield, S.B.3
  • 15
    • 27744529217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weight change and the conservation of lean mass in old age: The Health, Aging and Body Composition Study
    • quiz 915-916
    • Newman AB, Lee JS, Visser M, et al. Weight change and the conservation of lean mass in old age: the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005;82(4):872-878; quiz 915-916.
    • (2005) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.82 , Issue.4 , pp. 872-878
    • Newman, A.B.1    Lee, J.S.2    Visser, M.3
  • 16
    • 0034116222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human body composition: In vivo methods
    • Ellis KJ. Human body composition: in vivo methods. Physiol Rev. 2000;80(2):649-680.
    • (2000) Physiol Rev , vol.80 , Issue.2 , pp. 649-680
    • Ellis, K.J.1
  • 17
    • 84856518502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and bioelectrical impedance analysis to measure total and segmental body composition in healthy young adults
    • Leahy S,O'Neill C, Sohun R, Jakeman P. A comparison of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and bioelectrical impedance analysis to measure total and segmental body composition in healthy young adults. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2012;112(2):589-595. doi:10.1007/s00421-011-2010-4.
    • (2012) Eur J Appl Physiol , vol.112 , Issue.2 , pp. 589-595
    • Leahy So'Neill, C.1    Sohun, R.2    Jakeman, P.3
  • 18
    • 13744251529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for assessment of percentage body fat in a large, healthy population
    • Sun G, French CR, Martin GR, et al. Comparison of multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for assessment of percentage body fat in a large, healthy population. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005;81:74-78.
    • (2005) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.81 , pp. 74-78
    • Sun, G.1    French, C.R.2    Martin, G.R.3
  • 19
    • 84872161280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What makes a BIA equation unique? Validity of eight-electrode multifrequency BIA to estimate body composition in a healthy adult population
    • Bosy-Westphal A, Schautz B, Later W, Kehayias JJ, Gallagher D, Muller MJ. What makes a BIA equation unique? Validity of eight-electrode multifrequency BIA to estimate body composition in a healthy adult population. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2013;67(S1):S14-S21. doi:10.1038/ejcn.2012.160.
    • (2013) Eur J Clin Nutr , vol.67 S , Issue.1 , pp. S14-S21
    • Bosy-Westphal, A.1    Schautz, B.2    Later, W.3    Kehayias, J.J.4    Gallagher, D.5    Muller, M.J.6
  • 21
    • 0016176101 scopus 로고
    • Body fat assessed from total body density and its estimation from skinfold thickness: Measurements on 481 men and women aged from 16 to 72 years
    • Durnin JVGA, Womersley J. Body fat assessed from total body density and its estimation from skinfold thickness: measurements on 481 men and women aged from 16 to 72 years. Br J Nutr. 1974;23: 77-79.
    • (1974) Br J Nutr , vol.23 , pp. 77-79
    • Durnin, J.V.G.A.1    Womersley, J.2
  • 22
    • 0018126462 scopus 로고
    • Generalized equations for predicting body density of men
    • Jackson AS, Pollock ML. Generalized equations for predicting body density of men. Br J Nutr. 1978;40:497-504.
    • (1978) Br J Nutr , vol.40 , pp. 497-504
    • Jackson, A.S.1    Pollock, M.L.2
  • 23
    • 80053184391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Technical considerations for accurate measurement of subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness using B-mode ultrasound
    • Toomey C, McCreesh K, Leahy S, Jakeman P. Technical considerations for accurate measurement of subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness using B-mode ultrasound. Ultrasound. 2011;19(2):91-96. doi:10.1258/ult.2011.010057.
    • (2001) Ultrasound , vol.19 , Issue.2 , pp. 91-96
    • Toomey, C.1    McCreesh, K.2    Leahy, S.3    Jakeman, P.4
  • 24
    • 54049114650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of accurate site location for skinfold measurement
    • Hume P, Marfell-Jones M. The importance of accurate site location for skinfold measurement. J Sport Sci. 2008;26:1333-1340. doi:10.1080/0264041 0802165707.
    • (2008) J Sport Sci , vol.26 , pp. 1333-1340
    • Hume, P.1    Marfell-Jones, M.2
  • 25
    • 0034471041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity: Preventing and Managing the Global Epidemic
    • World Health Organization Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization;
    • World Health Organization. Obesity: Preventing and Managing the Global Epidemic. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2000. WHO Technical Report Series 894.
    • (2000) WHO Technical Report Series 894
  • 26
    • 0028091785 scopus 로고
    • Regional adiposity and morbidity
    • Kissebah AH, Krakower GR. Regional adiposity and morbidity. Physiol Rev. 1994;74(4):761-811.
    • (1994) Physiol Rev , vol.74 , Issue.4 , pp. 761-811
    • Kissebah, A.H.1    Krakower, G.R.2
  • 27
    • 0035487308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intraobserver and interobserver reliability of waist circumference and the waist-to-hip ratio
    • Chen MM, Lear SA, Gao M, Frohlich JJ, Birmingham CL Intraobserver and interobserver reliability of waist circumference and the waist-to-hip ratio Obesity 2001 9 651 10.1038/oby.2001.87. 28
    • (2001) Obesity , vol.9 , Issue.651
    • Chen, M.M.1    Lear, S.A.2    Gao, M.3    Frohlich, J.J.4    Birmingham, C.L.5
  • 28
    • 0033044530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racial differences in amounts of visceral adipose tissue in young adults: The CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) Study
    • Chen MM, Lear SA, Gao M, Frohlich JJ, Birmingham CL. Intraobserver and interobserver reliability of waist circumference and the waist-to-hip ratio. Obesity. 2001;9:651. doi:10.1038/oby.2001.87. 28. Hill JO, Sidney S, Lewis CE, Tolan K, Scherzinger AL, Stamm ER. Racial differences in amounts of visceral adipose tissue in young adults: the CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) Study. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999;69:381-387.
    • (1999) Am J Clin Nutr. , vol.69 , pp. 381-387
    • Hill, J.O.1    Sidney, S.2    Lewis, C.E.3    Tolan, K.4    Scherzinger, A.L.5    Stamm, E.R.6
  • 29
    • 79953163759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Separate and combined associations of body-mass index and abdominal adiposity with cardiovascular disease: Collaborative analysis of 58 prospective studies
    • The Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration
    • The Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration. Separate and combined associations of body-mass index and abdominal adiposity with cardiovascular disease: collaborative analysis of 58 prospective studies. Lancet. 2011;377:1085-1095.
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.377 , pp. 1085-1095
  • 30
    • 36749022237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of ultrasound techniques applied to body fat measurement
    • Pineau JC, Guihard-Costa AM, Bocquet M. Validation of ultrasound techniques applied to body fat measurement. Ann Nutr Metab. 2007;51:421-427.
    • (2007) Ann Nutr Metab , vol.51 , pp. 421-427
    • Pineau, J.C.1    Guihard-Costa, A.M.2    Bocquet, M.3
  • 31
    • 83055186413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultrasound measurement of subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness accurately predicts total and segmental body fat of young adults
    • Leahy S, Toomey C, McCreesh K, O'Neill C, Jakeman P. Ultrasound measurement of subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness accurately predicts total and segmental body fat of young adults. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2012;38(1):28-34. doi:10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2011.10.011.
    • (2012) Ultrasound Med Biol , vol.38 , Issue.1 , pp. 28-34
    • Leahy, S.1    Toomey, C.2    McCreesh, K.3    O'Neill, C.4    Jakeman, P.5
  • 32
    • 79960973740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accuracy, reproducibility and repeatability of ultrasonography in the assessment of abdominal adiposity
    • Bazzocchi A, Filonzi G, Ponti F, et al. Accuracy, reproducibility and repeatability of ultrasonography in the assessment of abdominal adiposity. Acad Radiol. 2011;18(9):1133-1143. doi:10.1016/j.acra.2011.04.014.
    • (2001) Acad Radiol , vol.18 , Issue.9 , pp. 1133-1143
    • Bazzocchi, A.1    Filonzi, G.2    Ponti, F.3
  • 33
    • 0037392419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultrasound measurements of intraabdominal fat estimate the metabolic syndrome better than do measurements of waist circumference
    • Stolk RP, Meijer R, Mali WPTM, Grobbee DE, van der Graaf Y. Ultrasound measurements of intraabdominal fat estimate the metabolic syndrome better than do measurements of waist circumference. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003;77:857-860.
    • (2003) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.77 , pp. 857-860
    • Stolk, R.P.1    Meijer, R.2    Mali, W.P.T.M.3    Grobbee, D.E.4    Van Der Graaf, Y.5
  • 34
    • 2142797515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methods of estimation of visceral fat: Advantages of ultrasonography
    • Ribeiro-Filho FF, Faria AN, Azjen S, Zanella M-T, Ferreira SRG. Methods of estimation of visceral fat: advantages of ultrasonography. Obesity. 2003;11: 1488-1494. doi:10.1038/oby.2003.199.
    • (2003) Obesity , vol.11 , pp. 1488-1494
    • Ribeiro-Filho, F.F.1    Faria, A.N.2    Azjen, S.3    Zanella, M.-T.4    Ferreira, S.R.G.5
  • 35
    • 77249102001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultrasound measurements of visceral and subcutaneous abdominal thickness to predict abdominal adiposity among older men and women
    • De Lucia Rolfe E, Sleigh A, Finucane FM, et al. Ultrasound measurements of visceral and subcutaneous abdominal thickness to predict abdominal adiposity among older men and women. Obesity. 2009;18(3):625-631. doi:10.1038/oby.2009.309.
    • (2009) Obesity , vol.18 , Issue.3 , pp. 625-631
    • De Lucia Rolfe, E.1    Sleigh, A.2    Finucane, F.M.3
  • 36
    • 84884264152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultrasound as a tool to assess body fat
    • Wagner DR. Ultrasound as a tool to assess body fat. J Obes. 2013;2013:280713. doi:10.1155/2013/280713.
    • (2013) J Obes , vol.2013 , pp. 280713
    • Wagner, D.R.1
  • 37
    • 84885826997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The need for a novel approach to measure body composition: Is ultrasound an answer?
    • Muller W, Maughan RJ. The need for a novel approach to measure body composition: is ultrasound an answer? Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(16):1001-1002. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2013-092882.
    • (2013) Br J Sports Med , vol.47 , Issue.16 , pp. 1001-1002
    • Muller, W.1    Maughan, R.J.2
  • 39
    • 0024445773 scopus 로고
    • Changes in total body water with age
    • Schoeller DA. Changes in total body water with age. Am J Clin Nutr. 1989;50:1176-1181.
    • (1989) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.50 , pp. 1176-1181
    • Schoeller, D.A.1
  • 40
    • 33745136107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of Lunar Prodigy dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for assessing body composition in healthy persons and patients by comparison with the criterion 4-component model
    • Williams JE, Wells JC,Wilson CM, Haroun D, Lucas A, Fewtrell MS. Evaluation of Lunar Prodigy dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for assessing body composition in healthy persons and patients by comparison with the criterion 4-component model. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;83:1047-1054.
    • (2006) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.83 , pp. 1047-1054
    • Williams, J.E.1    Wells, J.C.2    Wilson, C.M.3    Haroun, D.4    Lucas, A.5    Fewtrell, M.S.6
  • 41
    • 84255197958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of daily activities on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measurements of body composition in active people
    • Nana A, Slater GJ, Hopkins WG, Burke LM. Effects of daily activities on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measurements of body composition in active people. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2012;44:180-189.
    • (2012) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.44 , pp. 180-189
    • Nana, A.1    Slater, G.J.2    Hopkins, W.G.3    Burke, L.M.4
  • 42
    • 84871621577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of exercise sessions on DXA measurements of body composition in active people
    • Nana A, Slater GJ, Hopkins WG, Burke LM. Effects of exercise sessions on DXA measurements of body composition in active people. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2013;45:178-185.
    • (2013) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.45 , pp. 178-185
    • Nana, A.1    Slater, G.J.2    Hopkins, W.G.3    Burke, L.M.4
  • 43
    • 77954630368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prediction of fat-freemass by bioelectrical impedance analysis in older adults from developing countries: A cross-validation study using the deuterium dilution method
    • Aleman-Mateo H, Rush E, Esparza-Romero J, et al. Prediction of fat-freemass by bioelectrical impedance analysis in older adults from developing countries: a cross-validation study using the deuterium dilution method. J Nutr Health Aging. 2010;14(6):418-426. doi:10.1007/s12603-010-0031-z.
    • (2010) J Nutr Health Aging , vol.14 , Issue.6 , pp. 418-426
    • Aleman-Mateo, H.1    Rush, E.2    Esparza-Romero, J.3
  • 44
    • 0030669213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spinal and femoral DXA for the assessment of spinal osteoporosis
    • Jergas M, Genant HK. Spinal and femoral DXA for the assessment of spinal osteoporosis. Calcif Tissue Int. 1997;61(5):351-357.
    • (1997) Calcif Tissue Int , vol.61 , Issue.5 , pp. 351-357
    • Jergas, M.1    Genant, H.K.2
  • 45
    • 84887014075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Executive summary of the 2013 International Society for Clinical Densitometry position development conference on bone densitometry
    • Schousboe JT, Shepherd JA, Bilezikian JP, Baim S. Executive summary of the 2013 International Society for Clinical Densitometry position development conference on bone densitometry. J Clin Densitom. 2013;16(4):455-466. doi:10.1016/j.jocd .2013.08.004.
    • (2013) J Clin Densitom , vol.16 , Issue.4 , pp. 455-466
    • Schousboe, J.T.1    Shepherd, J.A.2    Bilezikian, J.P.3    Baim, S.4
  • 46
    • 0031976865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peripheral quantitative computed tomography in human long bones: Evaluation of in vitro and in vivo precision
    • Sievanen H, Koskue V, Rauhio A, Kannus P,Heinonen A, Vuori I. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography in human long bones: evaluation of in vitro and in vivo precision. J Bone Miner Res. 1998;13(5):871-882. doi:10.1359/jbmr.1998.13.5.871.
    • (1998) J Bone Miner Res , vol.13 , Issue.5 , pp. 871-882
    • Sievanen, H.1    Koskue, V.2    Rauhio, A.3    Kannus Pheinonen, A.4    Vuori, I.5
  • 47
    • 58149132163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment methods in human body composition
    • Lee SY, Gallagher D. Assessment methods in human body composition. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2008;11:566-572. doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e 32830b5f23.
    • (2008) Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care , vol.11 , pp. 566-572
    • Lee, S.Y.1    Gallagher, D.2
  • 49
    • 0030054162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How useful is body mass index for comparison of body fatness across age sex, and ethnic groups?
    • Gallagher D, Visser M, Sepúlveda D, Pierson RN, Harris T, Heymsfield SB. How useful is body mass index for comparison of body fatness across age, sex, and ethnic groups? Am J Epidemiol. 1996;143(3):228-239.
    • (1996) Am J Epidemiol , vol.143 , Issue.3 , pp. 228-239
    • Gallagher, D.1    Visser, M.2    Sepúlveda, D.3    Pierson, R.N.4    Harris, T.5    Heymsfield, S.B.6
  • 50
    • 8844254733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comprehensive examination of health conditions associated with obesity in older adults
    • Patterson RE, Frank LL, Kristal AR, White E. A comprehensive examination of health conditions associated with obesity in older adults. Am J Prev Med. 2004;27(5):385-390. doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2004.08.001.
    • (2004) Am J Prev Med , vol.27 , Issue.5 , pp. 385-390
    • Patterson, R.E.1    Frank, L.L.2    Kristal, A.R.3    White, E.4
  • 51
    • 84871784819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of all-cause mortality with overweight and obesity using standard body mass index categories a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Flegal KM, Kit BK, Orpana H, Graubard BI. Association of all-cause mortality with overweight and obesity using standard body mass index categories a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA. 2013;309(1):71-82. doi:10.1001/jama.2012 .113905.
    • (2013) JAMA , vol.309 , Issue.1 , pp. 71-82
    • Flegal, K.M.1    Kit, B.K.2    Orpana, H.3    Graubard, B.I.4
  • 52
    • 84877068048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Standards and classification: A perspective on the obesity epidemic
    • Nicholls SG. Standards and classification: a perspective on the "obesity epidemic." Soc Sci Med. 2013;87:9-15. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.03.009.
    • (2013) Soc Sci Med , Issue.87 , pp. 9-15
    • Nicholls, S.G.1
  • 53
    • 70350483179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Updated Accessed July 2014
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Body mass index: considerations for practitioners. http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/downloads/bmifor pactitioners.pdf. Updated 2009. Accessed July 2014.
    • (2009) Body Mass Index: Considerations for Practitioners
  • 54
    • 77951960109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Normal weight obesity: A risk factor for cardiometabolic dysregulation and cardiovascular mortality
    • Romero-Corral A, Somers VK, Sierra-Johnson J, et al. Normal weight obesity: a risk factor for cardiometabolic dysregulation and cardiovascular mortality. Eur Heart J. 2010;31(6):737-746. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehp487.
    • (2010) Eur Heart J , vol.31 , Issue.6 , pp. 737-746
    • Romero-Corral, A.1    Somers, V.K.2    Sierra-Johnson, J.3
  • 55
    • 84879461226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health and aging: A cross-sectional study of body composition
    • Bazzocchi A, Diano D, Ponti F, et al. Health and aging: a cross-sectional study of body composition. Clin Nutr. 2013;32(4):569-578. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2012.10.004.
    • (2013) Clin Nutr , vol.32 , Issue.4 , pp. 569-578
    • Bazzocchi, A.1    Diano, D.2    Ponti, F.3
  • 56
    • 0001193224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AACE/ACE position statement on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of obesity
    • AACE/ACE Obesity Task Forc
    • AACE/ACE Obesity Task Force. AACE/ACE position statement on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of obesity. Endocr Pract. 1998;4:297-350.
    • (1998) Endocr Pract , vol.4 , pp. 297-350
  • 57
    • 84863575405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal changes in body composition associated with healthy aging: Men, aged 20-96 years
    • Jackson AS, Janssen I, Sui X, Church TS, Blair SN. Longitudinal changes in body composition associated with healthy aging: men, aged 20-96 years. Br J Nutr. 2012;107(7):1085-1091. doi:10.1017/S0007114511003886.
    • (2012) Br J Nutr , vol.107 , Issue.7 , pp. 1085-1091
    • Jackson, A.S.1    Janssen, I.2    Sui, X.3    Church, T.S.4    Blair, S.N.5
  • 58
    • 0025223809 scopus 로고
    • Height-normalized indices of the body's fat-free mass and fat mass: Potentially useful indicators of nutrition status
    • VanItallie TB, Yang M, Heymsfield SB, Funk RC, Boileau RA. Height-normalized indices of the body's fat-free mass and fat mass: potentially useful indicators of nutrition status. Am J Clin Nutr. 1990;52:953-959.
    • (1990) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.52 , pp. 953-959
    • Vanitallie, T.B.1    Yang, M.2    Heymsfield, S.B.3    Funk, R.C.4    Boileau, R.A.5
  • 59
    • 84887000618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The official positions of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry: Body composition analysis reporting
    • Petak S, Barbu CG, Yu EW, et al. The official positions of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry: body composition analysis reporting. J Clin Densitom. 2013;16(4):508-519. doi:10.1016/j.jocd.2013.08.018.
    • (2013) J Clin Densitom , vol.16 , Issue.4 , pp. 508-519
    • Petak, S.1    Barbu, C.G.2    Yu, E.W.3
  • 60
    • 84879815136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The utility of fat mass index vs. Body mass index and percentage of body fat in the screening of metabolic syndrome
    • Liu P, Ma F, Lou H, Liu Y. The utility of fat mass index vs. body mass index and percentage of body fat in the screening of metabolic syndrome. BMC Public Health. 2013;13:629. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-629.
    • (2013) BMC Public Health , Issue.13 , pp. 629
    • Liu, P.1    Ma, F.2    Lou, H.3    Liu, Y.4
  • 61
    • 0034930132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fat-free and fat mass percentiles in 5225 healthy subjects aged 15 to 98 years
    • Kyle UG, Genton L, Slosman D, Pichard C. Fat-free and fat mass percentiles in 5225 healthy subjects aged 15 to 98 years. Nutrition. 2001;17:534-541.
    • (2001) Nutrition , vol.17 , pp. 534-541
    • Kyle, U.G.1    Genton, L.2    Slosman, D.3    Pichard, C.4
  • 62
    • 0036314279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fat-free mass index and fat mass index percentiles in Caucasians aged 18-98 y
    • Schutz Y, Kyle UG, Pichard C. Fat-free mass index and fat mass index percentiles in Caucasians aged 18-98 y. Int J Obes. 2002;26:953-960.
    • (2002) Int J Obes , vol.26 , pp. 953-960
    • Schutz, Y.1    Kyle, U.G.2    Pichard, C.3
  • 63
    • 33750093325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The underappreciated role of muscle in health and disease
    • Wolfe RR. The underappreciated role of muscle in health and disease.Am J ClinNutr. 2006;84:475-482.
    • (2006) Am J ClinNutr , vol.84 , pp. 475-482
    • Wolfe, R.R.1
  • 64
    • 84874310539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved 4-compartment body-composition model for a clinically accessible measure of total body protein
    • Wilson JP, Strauss BJ, Fan B, Duewer FW, Shepherd JA. Improved 4-compartment body-composition model for a clinically accessible measure of total body protein. Am J Clin Nutr. 2013;97(3):497-504.
    • (2013) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.97 , Issue.3 , pp. 497-504
    • Wilson, J.P.1    Strauss, B.J.2    Fan, B.3    Duewer, F.W.4    Shepherd, J.A.5
  • 65
    • 0037493494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Total body potassium differs by sex and race across the adult age span
    • He Q, Heo M, Heshka S, et al. Total body potassium differs by sex and race across the adult age span. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003;78:72-77.
    • (2003) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.78 , pp. 72-77
    • He, Q.1    Heo, M.2    Heshka, S.3
  • 66
    • 10744227011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sarcopenia: Alternative definitions and associations with lower extremity function
    • Newman AB, Kupelian V, Visser M, et al. Sarcopenia: alternative definitions and associations with lower extremity function. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2003;51:1602-1609.
    • (2003) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.51 , pp. 1602-1609
    • Newman, A.B.1    Kupelian, V.2    Visser, M.3
  • 67
    • 79955142004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sarcopenia: An undiagnosed condition in older adults. Current consensus definition: Prevalence, etiology, and consequences. International Working Group on Sarcopenia
    • Fielding RA, Vellas B, Evans WJ, et al. Sarcopenia: an undiagnosed condition in older adults. Current consensus definition: prevalence, etiology, and consequences. International Working Group on Sarcopenia. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2001;12(4):249-256. doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2011.01.003.
    • (2001) J Am Med Dir Assoc , vol.12 , Issue.4 , pp. 249-256
    • Fielding, R.A.1    Vellas, B.2    Evans, W.J.3
  • 68
    • 77953870112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis: Report of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People
    • Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Baeyens JP, Bauer JM, et al. Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis: report of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Age Aging. 2010;39(4):412-423. doi:10.1093/aging/afq034.
    • (2010) Age Aging , vol.39 , Issue.4 , pp. 412-423
    • Cruz-Jentoft, A.J.1    Baeyens, J.P.2    Bauer, J.M.3
  • 70
    • 0031765564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Updated data on proximal femur bone mineral levels of US adults
    • Looker AC, Wahner HW, Dunn WL, et al. Updated data on proximal femur bone mineral levels of US adults. Osteoporos Int. 1998;8:468-489.
    • (1998) Osteoporos Int , vol.8 , pp. 468-489
    • Looker, A.C.1    Wahner, H.W.2    Dunn, W.L.3
  • 71
    • 0030750354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prediction of human femoral bone strength using ultrasound velocity and BMD: An in vitro study
    • Njeh CF, Kuo CW, Langton CM, Atrah HI, Boivin CM. Prediction of human femoral bone strength using ultrasound velocity and BMD: an in vitro study. Osteoporos Int. 1997;7(5):471-477.
    • (1997) Osteoporos Int , vol.7 , Issue.5 , pp. 471-477
    • Njeh, C.F.1    Kuo, C.W.2    Langton, C.M.3    Atrah, H.I.4    Boivin, C.M.5
  • 72
    • 0036606093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis of osteoporosis and assessment of fracture risk
    • Kanis JA. Diagnosis of osteoporosis and assessment of fracture risk. Lancet. 2002; 359:1929-1936.
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.359 , pp. 1929-1936
    • Kanis, J.A.1
  • 73
    • 0034107179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for longitudinal bone loss in elderly men and women: The Framingham Osteoporosis Study
    • Hannan MT, Felson DT, Dawson-Hughes B, et al. Risk factors for longitudinal bone loss in elderly men and women: the Framingham Osteoporosis Study. J Bone Miner Res. 2000;15(4):710-720.
    • (2000) J Bone Miner Res , vol.15 , Issue.4 , pp. 710-720
    • Hannan, M.T.1    Felson, D.T.2    Dawson-Hughes, B.3
  • 74
    • 84872312299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of behavioural risk factors on osteoporosis in Irish women
    • Cummins NM, Jakeman PM, Sestak I, Murphy N, Carroll P. The effect of behavioural risk factors on osteoporosis in Irish women. Ir J Med Sci. 2013;182(1):97-105. doi:10.1007/s11845-012-0840-7.
    • (2013) Ir J Med Sci , vol.182 , Issue.1 , pp. 97-105
    • Cummins, N.M.1    Jakeman, P.M.2    Sestak, I.3    Murphy, N.4    Carroll, P.5
  • 75
    • 34347372696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of clinical risk factors enhances the performance of BMD in the prediction of hip and osteoporotic fractures in men and women
    • Kanis JA, Oden A, Johnell O, et al. The use of clinical risk factors enhances the performance of BMD in the prediction of hip and osteoporotic fractures in men and women. Osteoporos Int. 2007;18(8):1033-1046. doi:10.1007/s00198-007-0343-y.
    • (2007) Osteoporos Int , vol.18 , Issue.8 , pp. 1033-1046
    • Kanis, J.A.1    Oden, A.2    Johnell, O.3
  • 76
    • 43049175471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FRAX and the assessment of fracture probability in men andwomen from the UK
    • Kanis JA, Johnell O, Oden A, et al. FRAX and the assessment of fracture probability in men andwomen from the UK. Osteoporos Int. 2008;19:385-397.
    • (2008) Osteoporos Int , vol.19 , pp. 385-397
    • Kanis, J.A.1    Johnell, O.2    Oden, A.3
  • 77
    • 18944379924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sarcopenic obesity predicts instrumental activities of daily living disability in the elderly
    • Baumgartner RN, Wayne S, Waters D, Janssen I, Gallagher D, Morley JE. Sarcopenic obesity predicts instrumental activities of daily living disability in the elderly. Obesity. 2004;12(12):1995-2004. doi:10.1038/oby.2004.250.
    • (2004) Obesity , vol.12 , Issue.12 , pp. 1995-2004
    • Baumgartner, R.N.1    Wayne, S.2    Waters, D.3    Janssen, I.4    Gallagher, D.5    Morley, J.E.6
  • 78
    • 84866608712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sarcopenic obesity: A critical appraisal of the current evidence
    • Prado CM, Wells JC, Smith SR, Stephan BC, Siervo M. Sarcopenic obesity: a critical appraisal of the current evidence. Clin Nutr. 2012;31(5):583-601. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2012.06.010.
    • (2012) Clin Nutr , vol.31 , Issue.5 , pp. 583-601
    • Prado, C.M.1    Wells, J.C.2    Smith, S.R.3    Stephan, B.C.4    Siervo, M.5
  • 79
    • 0038516918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • One-and twoyear change in body composition as measured by DXA in a population-based cohort of older men and women
    • Visser M, Pahor M, Tylavsky F, et al. One-and twoyear change in body composition as measured by DXA in a population-based cohort of older men and women. J Appl Physiol. 2003;94(6):2368-2374. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00124.2002.
    • (2003) J Appl Physiol , vol.94 , Issue.6 , pp. 2368-2374
    • Visser, M.1    Pahor, M.2    Tylavsky, F.3
  • 80
    • 69049093712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-related changes in total and regional fat distribution
    • Kuk JL, Saunders TJ, Davidson LE, Ross R. Age-related changes in total and regional fat distribution. Aging Res Rev. 2009;8(4):339-348. doi:10.1016/j.arr.2009.06.001.
    • (2009) Aging Res Rev , vol.8 , Issue.4 , pp. 339-348
    • Kuk, J.L.1    Saunders, T.J.2    Davidson, L.E.3    Ross, R.4
  • 81
    • 0026775342 scopus 로고
    • Fat mass is an important determinant of whole body bone density in premenopausal women but not in men
    • Reid IR, Plank LD, Evans C. Fat mass is an important determinant of whole body bone density in premenopausal women but not in men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1992;75:779-782.
    • (1992) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.75 , pp. 779-782
    • Reid, I.R.1    Plank, L.D.2    Evans, C.3
  • 82
    • 43149117061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships between fat and bone
    • Reid IR. Relationships between fat and bone. Osteoporos Int. 2008;19(5):595-606. doi:10.1007/s00198-007-0492-z.
    • (2008) Osteoporos Int , vol.19 , Issue.5 , pp. 595-606
    • Reid, I.R.1
  • 83
    • 84855854953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Osteoporosis and inflammation
    • Mundy GR. Osteoporosis and inflammation. Nutr Rev. 2007;65(12):147-151. doi:10.1301/nr.2007.dec .S147-S151.
    • (2007) Nutr Rev , vol.65 , Issue.12 , pp. 147-151
    • Mundy, G.R.1
  • 84
    • 69949111089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reciprocal relations of subcutaneous and visceral fat to bone structure and strength
    • Gilsanz V, Chalfant J, Mo AO, Lee DC, Dorey FJ, Mittelman SD. Reciprocal relations of subcutaneous and visceral fat to bone structure and strength. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009;94(9):3387-3393. doi:10.1210/jc.2008-2422.
    • (2009) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.94 , Issue.9 , pp. 3387-3393
    • Gilsanz, V.1    Chalfant, J.2    Mo, A.O.3    Lee, D.C.4    Dorey, F.J.5    Mittelman, S.D.6
  • 85
    • 77956183276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between visceral adiposity and bone mineral density in Korean adults
    • Choi HS, Kim KJ, Kim KM, et al. Relationship between visceral adiposity and bone mineral density in Korean adults. Calcif Tissue Int. 2010;87(3):218-225. doi:10.1007/s00223-010-9398-4.
    • (2010) Calcif Tissue Int , vol.87 , Issue.3 , pp. 218-225
    • Choi, H.S.1    Kim, K.J.2    Kim, K.M.3
  • 86
    • 84855879665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between abdominal fat and bone mineral density in white and African American adults
    • Katzmarzyk PT, Barreira TV, Harrington DM, Staiano AE, Heymsfield SB, Gimble JM. Relationship between abdominal fat and bone mineral density in white and African American adults. Bone. 2012;50(2):576-579. doi:10.1016/j.bone.2011.04.012.
    • (2012) Bone , vol.50 , Issue.2 , pp. 576-579
    • Katzmarzyk, P.T.1    Barreira, T.V.2    Harrington, D.M.3    Staiano, A.E.4    Heymsfield, S.B.5    Gimble, J.M.6
  • 88
    • 2442699834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frailty in older adults: Evidence for a phenotype
    • Fried LP, Tangen CM, Walston J, et al. Frailty in older adults: evidence for a phenotype. J Gerontol. 2001;56A(3):M146-M156.
    • (2001) J Gerontol , vol.56 A , Issue.3 , pp. M146-M156
    • Fried, L.P.1    Tangen, C.M.2    Walston, J.3
  • 89
    • 84872351743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sarcopenia and its relationship with bone mineral density in middle-aged and elderly European men
    • Verschueren S, Gielen E, O'Neill TW, et al. Sarcopenia and its relationship with bone mineral density in middle-aged and elderly European men. Osteoporos Int. 2013;24(1):87-98. doi:10.1007/s00198-012-2057-z.
    • (2013) Osteoporos Int , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 87-98
    • Verschueren, S.1    Gielen, E.2    O'Neill, T.W.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.