Incidence of pregnancy after antiretroviral therapy initiation and associated factors in 8 West African Countries

Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

Volumn 67, Issue 2, 2014, Pages e45-e54

  Burgos Soto, Juan ^a,b   Balestre, Eric ^a,b   Minga, Albert ^c   Ajayi, Samuel ^d   Sawadogo, Adrien ^e   Zannou, Marcel D ^f   Leroy, Valériane ^a,b   Ekouevi, Didier K ^a,b,g   Dabis, François ^a,b   Becquet, Renaud ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITÉ DE BORDEAUX   (France)

^b INSERM   (France)

^c Centre National de Transfusion Sanguine d'Abidjan (CNTS)   (Côte d’Ivoire)

^d UNIVERSITY OF ABUJA   (Nigeria)

^e CHU Souro Sanou   (Burkina Faso)

^f CHNU   (Benin)

^g UNIVERSITY OF LOMÉ   (Togo)

Author keywords

Africa; HIV; Incident pregnancy; Post ART initiation; Predicting factors

Indexed keywords

ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT; EFAVIRENZ; HEMOGLOBIN; NEVIRAPINE; PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; RNA DIRECTED DNA POLYMERASE INHIBITOR;

ACCOUNTING; ADULT; ARTICLE; CD4 LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; COHORT ANALYSIS; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; GROUPS BY AGE; HEMOGLOBIN BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTED PATIENT; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; INCIDENCE; KAPLAN MEIER METHOD; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MIDDLE AGED; MULTICENTER STUDY; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PREGNANCY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; RISK FACTOR; WEST AFRICAN; YOUNG ADULT; ADOLESCENT; AFRICA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HIV INFECTIONS; PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AFRICA, WESTERN; ANTI-RETROVIRAL AGENTS; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY, HIGHLY ACTIVE; FEMALE; HIV INFECTIONS; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; MIDDLE AGED; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84922273028     PISSN: 15254135     EISSN: 10779450     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000279     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. UNAIDS. UNAIDS Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic. Geneva, Switzerland: Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS); 2012.
2. UNAIDS. 2013 Progress Report on the Global Plan. Towards the Elimination of New HIV Infections Among Children by 2015 and Keeping Their Mothers Alive. 2013. Joint United Nations programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). Geneva, Switzerland
3. Mmbaga EJ, Leyna GH, Ezekiel MJ, et al. Fertility desire and intention of people living with HIV/AIDS in Tanzania: A call for restructuring care and treatment services. BMC Public Health. 2013; 13: 86.
4. Badell ML, Lathrop E, Haddad LB, et al. Reproductive healthcare needs and desires in a cohort of HIV-positive women. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol. 2012; 2012: 107878.
5. Mmeje O, Cohen CR, Cohan D. Evaluating safer conception options for HIV-serodiscordant couples (HIV-infected female/HIV-uninfected male): A closer look at vaginal insemination. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol. 2012; 2012: 587651.
6. Marie Stopes International. Global Impact Report 2011 Delivering Choice and Rights for Women: Past, Present and Future. London, England: Marie Stopes International; 2011.
7. WHO, UNICEF. Countdown to 2015. Maternal, Newborn & Child Survival. Building a Future for Women and Children. The 2012 Report. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization and UNICEF; 2012.
8. Cleland JG, Ndugwa RP, Zulu EM. Family planning in sub-Saharan Africa: Progress or stagnation? Bull World Health Organ. 2011; 89: 137-143.
9. Marie Stopes International. Family Planning: Francophone West-Africa on the Move. A Call to Action. Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso: Marie Stopes International; 2011.
10. USAID. A Fine Balance: Contraceptive Choice in the 21st Century-An Action Agenda. Report of September 2012. New York, NY: Bellagio consultation; 2012.
11. United Nations. The Millennium Development Goals Report 2013. New York, NY: United Nations; 2013.
12. Berhan Y, Berhan A. Meta-Analyses of fertility desires of people living with HIV. BMC Public Health. 2013; 13: 409.
13. Homsy J, Bunnell R, Moore D, et al. Reproductive intentions and outcomes among women on antiretroviral therapy in rural Uganda: A prospective cohort study. PLoS One. 2009; 4: E4149.
14. Myer L, Carter RJ, Katyal M, et al. Impact of antiretroviral therapy on incidence of pregnancy among HIV-infected women in Sub-Saharan Africa: A cohort study. Plos Med. 2010; 7: E1000229.
15. Westreich D, Maskew M, Rubel D, et al. Incidence of pregnancy after initiation of antiretroviral therapy in South Africa: A retrospective clinical cohort analysis. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol. 2012; 2012: 917059.
16. Westreich D, Cole SR, Nagar S, et al. Pregnancy and virologic response to antiretroviral therapy in South Africa. PLoS One. 2011; 6: E22778.
17. Zaba B, Calvert C, Marston M, et al. Effect of HIV infection on pregnancy-related mortality in sub-Saharan Africa: Secondary analyses of pooled community-based data from the network for Analysing Longitudinal Population-Based HIV/AIDS Data on Africa (ALPHA). Lancet. 2013; 381: 1763-1771.
18. Khan KS, Wojdyla D, Say L, et al. WHO analysis of causes of maternal death: A systematic review. Lancet. 2006; 367: 1066-1074.
19. Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K, et al. Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet. 2012; 380: 2095-2128.
20. Matthews LT, Kaida A, Kanters S, et al. HIV-infected women on antiretroviral treatment have increased mortality during pregnant and postpartum periods. AIDS. 2013; 27(suppl 1): S105-S112.
21. Suy A, Martinez E, Coll O, et al. Increased risk of pre-eclampsia and fetal death in HIV-infected pregnant women receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy. AIDS. 2006; 20: 59-66.
22. Powis KM, McElrath TF, Hughes MD, et al. High viral load and elevated angiogenic markers associated with increased risk of preeclampsia among women initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy in pregnancy in the Mma Bana study, Botswana. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2013; 62: 517-524.
23. + for prevention of motherto-child transmission of HIV in resource-constrained settings: Freat promise but some early caution. AIDS. 2014; 28: 599-601.
24. Egger M, Ekouevi DK, Williams C, et al. Cohort profile: The international epidemiological databases to evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) in sub-Saharan Africa. Int J Epidemiol. 2012; 41: 1256-1264.
25. WHO. Atlas of Health Statistics of the African Region 2012. Health Situation Analysis of the African Region. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2012.
26. Bussmann H, Wester CW, Wester CN, et al. Pregnancy rates and birth outcomes among women on efavirenz-containing highly active antiretroviral therapy in Botswana. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2007; 45: 269-273.
27. Wilcox AJ, Weinberg CR, O'Connor JF, et al. Incidence of early loss of pregnancy. N Engl J Med. 1988; 319: 189-194.
28. +CD25 +CD127lowFOXP3+ regulatory T cells in HIV-infected pregnant women. Blood. 2011; 117: 1861-1868.
29. Hubacher D, Mavranezouli I, McGinn E. Unintended pregnancy in sub-Saharan Africa: Magnitude of the problem and potential role of contraceptive implants to alleviate it. Contraception. 2008; 78: 73-78.
30. Alkema L, Kantorova V, Menozzi C, et al. National, regional, and global rates and trends in contraceptive prevalence and unmet need for family planning between 1990 and 2015: A systematic and comprehensive analysis. Lancet. 2013; 381: 1642-1652.
31. UNAIDS. Countdown to Zero. Global Plan Towards the Elimination of New HIV Infections Among Children by 2015 and Keeping Their Mothers Alive. Geneva: UNAIDS; 2011.
32. Baumgartner JN, Green M, Weaver MA, et al. Integrating family planning services into HIV care and treatment clinics in Tanzania: Evaluation of a facilitated referral model. Health Policy Plan. 2014; 29: 570-579.