Effects of ageing on the fire behaviour of flame-retarded polymers: A review

Polymer International

Volumn 64, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 313-328

  Vahabi, Henri ^a   Sonnier, Rodolphe ^b   Ferry, Laurent ^b  

^a UNIVERSITÉ DE LORRAINE   (France)

^b ECOLE DES MINES D ALÈS   (France)

Author keywords

Ageing; Flame retardancy; Flame retardant; Polymer degradation

Indexed keywords

CHEMICAL MODIFICATION; CROSSLINKING; DEGRADATION; IONIZING RADIATION; POLYMERS;

AGEING; CHEMICAL DEGRADATION; CHEMICAL PHENOMENAS; ENVIRONMENTAL AGEING; FLAME RETARDANCY; FLAME RETARDANT SYSTEM; PHYSICAL MODIFICATIONS; POLYMER DEGRADATION;

FLAME RETARDANTS;

EID: 84922058427     PISSN: 09598103     EISSN: 10970126     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/pi.4841     Document Type: Review

References (104)

1. World Flame Retardants. Freedonia Group Report. [Online]. Available: http://www.freedoniagroup.com [8 July 2014].
2. Troitzsch J, New and potential flammability regulations, in Advances in Fire Retardant Materials, ed. by Horrocks AR and Price D. Woodhead Publishing, Cambridge, pp. 291-329 (2008).
3. Laoutid F, Bonnaud L, Alexandre M, Lopez-Cuesta J-M and Dubois Ph, Mater Sci Eng R 63:100-125 (2009).
4. Babrauskas V and Peacock RD, Fire Safety J 18:255-272 (1992).
5. Troitzsch J, International Plastics Flammability Handbook. Carl Hanser, Munich (1990).
6. Nakashima E, Ueno T, Yukumoto M and Takeda K, J Appl Polym Sci 122:436-443 (2011).
7. Kashiwagi T, Shields J, Harris R and Davis R, J Appl Polym Sci 87:1541-1553 (2003).
8. Kashiwagi T, Mu M, Winey K, Cipriano B, Raghavan S, Pack S et al., Polymer 49:4358-4368 (2008).
9. Carpentier F, Bourbigot S, Le Bras M and Delobel R, Polym Int 49:1216-1221 (2000).
10. Batistella M, Otazaghine B, Sonnier R, Caro-Bretelle AS, Petter C and Lopez-Cuesta JM, Polym Degrad Stab 100:54-62 (2014).
11. Emanuelsson V, Simonson M and Gevert T, Fire Mater 3:311-326 (2007).
12. Audouin L, Langlois V, Verdu J and de Bruijn J, J Mater Sci 29:569-583 (1994).
13. Inata H, Maki I, Ishikawa T and Takeda K, J Appl Polym Sci 99:2152-2162 (2006).
14. Lewin M, Pearce E, Levon K, Mey-Marom A, Zammarano M, Wilkie C et al., Polym Adv Technol 17:226-234 (2006).
15. Colonna S, Cuttica F and Frache A, Polym Degrad Stab 107:184-187 (2014).
16. Demir AP and Ulutan S, J Appl Polym Sci 128:1948-1961 (2013).
17. Clough RL, Aging effects on fire-retardant additives in organic materials for nuclear plant applications. Under Interagency Agreement DOE 40-550-75 NRC FIN No. A-1051 (1982).
18. Clough RL, J Polym Sci Polym Chem 21:767-780 (1983).
19. Dembsey N and Williamson E, Fire Safety J 21:313-330 (1993).
20. Zuo X, Shao H, Zhang D, Hao Z and Guo J, Polym Degrad Stab 98:2774-2783 (2013).
21. Hopkins D and Quintiere J, Fire Safety J 26:241-268 (1996).
22. Schartel B, Beck U, Bahr H, Hertwig A, Knoll U and Weise M, Fire Mater 36:671-677 (2012).
23. Hu C, Xu G, Shen X, Huang R and Li F, J Alloys Compd 496:691-694 (2010).
24. Hu C, Xu G, Shen X, Shao C and Yan X, Appl Surf Sci 256:3459-3463 (2010).
25. Eaves D and Keen C, Br Polym J 8:41-43 (1976).
26. Simonson M, Blomqvist P, Boldizar A, Möller K, Rosell L, Tullin C et al., Fire-LCA Model: TV Case Study. Swedish National Testing and Research Institute, Fire Technology, SP Report (2000).
27. Jimenez M, Bellayer S, Revel B, Duquesne S and Bourbigot S, Ind Eng Chem Res 52:729-743 (2013).
28. Wang L, Wang Y, Yuan J and Li G, Fire Mater 37:440-456 (2013).
29. Oztekin E, Crowley S, Lyon R, Stoliarov S, Patel P and Hull R, Combust Flame 159:1720-1731 (2012).
30. Safronava N, Lyon R, Crowley S and Stoliarov S, Effect of moisture on ignition time of polymers. 24th Annual Conference on Recent Advances in Flame Retardancy of Polymeric Materials, Stamford, CA (2013).
31. Le Lay F and Gutierrez J, Assessment of the mechanical performance of phenolic laminates after ageing in a marine environment. ACMC/SAMPE Conference on Marine Composites, Plymouth (2003).
32. Feih S, Mathys Z, Mathys G, Gibson A, Robinson M and Mouritz A, Polym Degrad Stab 93:376-382 (2008).
33. Le Lay F and Gutierrez J, Polym Degrad Stab 64:397-401 (1999).
34. Ghanem R and Delmani FA, J Anal Appl Pyrol 98:79-85 (2012).
35. Kajiwara N, Noma Y and Takigami H, Environ Sci Technol 42:4404-4409 (2008).
36. Sinturel C, Philippart JL, Lemaire J and Gardette JL, Eur Polym J 35:1773-1781 (1999).
37. Sinturel C, Lemaire J and Gardette JL, Eur Polym J 35:1783-1790 (1999).
38. Torikai A, Kobatake T and Okisaki F, J Appl Polym Sci 67:1293-1300 (1998).
39. Torikai A, Kato H, Fueki K, Suzuki Y, Okisaki F and Nagata M, J Appl Polym Sci 50:2185-2190 (1993).
40. Antos K and Sedlar J, Polym Degrad Stab 90:180-187 (2005).
41. Sinturel C, Lemaire J and Gardette JL, Eur Polym J 36:1431-1443 (2000).
42. Chantegraille D, Morlat-Therias S and Gardette JL, Polym Degrad Stab 95:274-277 (2010).
43. Lonkar S, Therias S, Caperaa N, Leroux F and Gardette JL, Eur Polym J 46:1456-1464 (2010).
44. Wilén C-E and Pfaendner R, J Appl Polym Sci 129:925-944 (2013).
45. Horacek H and Grabner R, Polym Degrad Stab 54:205-215 (1996).
46. Rosik L, Virt J, Masarik I and Horak Z, Makromol Chem 176:311-321 (1990).
47. Diagne M, Gueye M, Dasilva A, Vidal L and Tidjani A, J Mater Sci 41:7005-7010 (2006).
48. Diagne M, Gueye M, Vidal L and Tidjani A, Polym Degrad Stab 89:418-426 (2005).
49. Tidjani A and Wilkie CA, Polym Degrad Stab 74:33-37 (2001).
50. Braun U, Wachtendorf V, Geburtig A, Bahr H and Schartel B, Polym Degrad Stab 95:2421-2429, (2010).
51. Chen D, Li J and Rena J, Polym Int 60:599-606 (2011).
52. Wang Z, Han E and Ke W, Surf Coat Technol 200:5706-5716 (2006).
53. Almeras X, Le Bras M, Hornsby P, Bourbigot S, Marosi G, Anna P et al., Polym Degrad Stab 103:63-68 (2014).
54. Larché JF, Gallot G, Boudiaf-Lomri L, Poulard C, Duemmler I and Meyer M, Polym Degrad Stab 103:63-68 (2014).
55. El Hage R, Viretto A, Sonnier R, Ferry L and Lopez-Cuesta JM, Polym Degrad Stab 108:56-67 (2014).
56. Vilar G, Fernandez-Rosas E, Puntes V, Jamier V, Aubouy L and Vazquez-Campos S, J Phys Conf Ser 429:1-10 (2013).
57. Bourbigot S, Duquesne S and Jama C, Macromol Symp 233:180-190 (2006).
58. Wu G and Yu D, Prog Org Coat 76:107-112 (2013).
59. Yamamoto T and Minakawa T, Final report of the project 'Assessment of Cable Aging for Nuclear Power Plants'. Japan Nuclear Energy Safety Organization (JNES). [Online]. Available: https://www.ifram.pnnl.gov/reports/JapanNuclear.pdf [8 July 2014].
60. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) report, Assessing and managing cable ageing in nuclear power plants. Available: www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/.../PDF/Pub1554_web.pdf [accessed 8 July 2014].
61. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) report, Assessment and management of ageing of major nuclear power plant components important to safety: in-containment instrumentation and control cables. Available: www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/.../PDF/te_1188v2_prn.pdf [accessed 8 July 2014].
62. Morita Y, Hagiwara M and Kasai N, J Appl Polym Sci 27:3569-3576 (1982).
63. Balabanovich AI, Levchik SV, Levchik GF, Schnabel W and Wilkie CA, Polym Degrad Stab 64:191-195 (1999).
64. Balabanovich AI, Levchik SV, Levchik GF and Schnabel W, Fire Mater 25:179-184 (2001).
65. Balabanovich AI and Schnabel W, Macromol Mater Eng 287:187-194 (2002).
66. Balabanovich AI, Zevaco TA and Schnabel W, Macromol Mater Eng 289:181-190 (2004).
67. Jia S, Zhang Z, Wang Z, Zhang X and Du Z, Polym Int 54:320-326 (2005).
68. Lu H, Hu Y, Xiao J, Kong Q, Chen Z and Fan W, Mater Lett 59:648-651 (2005).
69. Liu H, Fang Z, Peng M, Shen L and Wang Y, Radiat Phys Chem 78:922-926 (2009).
70. Coudreuse A, Noireaux P, Noblat R and Basfar A, J Fire Sci 28:497-507 (2010).
71. Shukri TM, Mosnacek J, Basfar A, Bahattab MA, Noireaux P and Courdreuse A, J Appl Polym Sci 109:167-173 (2008).
72. Shafiq M and Yasin T, Radiat Phys Chem 81:52-56 (2012).
73. Ismail H, Munusamy Y, Mariatti M and Thevy Ratnam C, J Appl Polym Sci 117:865-874 (2010).
74. Zaidi L, Bruzaud S, Kaci M, Bourmaud A, Gautier N and Grohens Y, Polym Degrad Stab 98:348-355 (2013).
75. Sonnier R, Caro-Bretelle AS, Dumazert L, Longerey M and Otazaghine B, Radiat Phys Chem 106:278-288 (2015).
76. Vilaplana F and Karlsson S, Macromol Mater Eng 293:274-297 (2008).
77. Brebu M, Vasile C, Antonie S, Chiriac M, Precup M, Yang J et al., Polym Degrad Stab 67:209-221 (2000).
78. European Commission, Directive 2002/95/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment. Official J. Eur Union 37:19-23 (2003).
79. Beigbeder J, Perrin D, Mascaro JF and Lopez-Cuesta JM, Resour Conserv Recycl 78:105-114 (2013).
80. Imai T, Hamm S and Rothenbacher K, Environ Sci Technol 37:652-656 (2003).
81. Barnes M, Briggs P, Hirschler M, Matheson A and O'Neill T, Fire Mater 20:1-16 (1996).
82. Yates K, Peel R and Farmer N, J Consum Stud Home Econ 23:47-52 (1999).
83. Mettananda C and Crown E, Fire Mater 35:329-342 (2011).
84. Mettananda C, Torvi D and Crown E, Text Res J 80:917-934 (2010).
85. Babrauskas V, Fire Mater 30:151-174 (2006).
86. Novak C, Stoliarov S, Keller M and Quintiere J, Fire Safety J 55:61-68 (2013).
87. Schlagenhauf L, Chu B, Buha J, Nüesch F and Wang J, Environ Sci Technol 46:7366-7372 (2012).
88. Zhang H, Kuo Y, Gerecke A and Wang J, Environ Sci Technol 46:10990-10996 (2012).
89. Bueno MA, Lamy B and Renner M, Wear 253:448-457 (2002).
90. Bei P, Liwei C and Chang L, Procedia Eng 43:257-261 (2012).
91. Bourbigot S, Devaux E and Flambard X, Polym Degrad Stab 75:397-402 (2002).
92. Garvey S, Anand S, Rowe T, Horrocks R and Walker D, Polym Degrad Stab 54:413-416 (1996).
93. Marney D, Russell L and Starck T, Polym Degrad Stab 93:714-722 (2008).
94. Srinivasan R, Gupta A and Horsey DA, Revolutionary UV stable flame retardant system for polyolefins. International Conference on Polyolefin Additives, pp. 69-83 (1998).
95. Aubert M, Tirri T, Wilen C, François-Heude A, Pfaender R, Hoppe H et al., Polym Degrad Stab 97:1438-1446 (2012).
96. Aubert M, Wilen C, Pfaender R, Kniesel S, Hoppe H and Roth M, Polym Degrad Stab 96:328-333 (2011).
97. Price D, Pyrah K, Hull R, Milnes J, Ebdon J, Hunt B et al., Polym Degrad Stab 74:441-447 (2001).
98. Price D, Bullett K, Cunliffe L, Hull R, Milnes J, Ebdon J et al., Polym Degrad Stab 88:74-79 (2005).
99. Almeras X, Renaut N, Jama C, Le Bras M, Toth A, Bourbigot S et al., J Appl Polym Sci 93:402-411 (2004).
100. Wang Z, Han E and Ke W, J Appl Polym Sci 103:1681-1689 (2007).
101. Wang B, Zhou K, Wang L, Song L, Hu Y and Hu S, Composites B 43:641-646 (2012).
102. Liang S, Neisius NM and Gaan S, Prog Org Coat 76:1642-1665 (2013).
103. Weil ED, J Fire Sci 29:259-296 (2011).
104. ETAG 028, Guideline for European technical approval of fire retardant products, December 2011. [Online]. Available: http://www.icqc.eu/userfiles/File/Fire%20retardant%20products.pdf [8 July 2014].