메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 156, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 108-122

Differences in pain-related fear acquisition and generalization: An experimental study comparing patients with fibromyalgia and healthy controls

Author keywords

Fear conditioning; Fear generalization; Fibromyalgia; Learning; Pain related fear; Voluntary movement paradigm

Indexed keywords

ANALGESIC AGENT; ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; ANXIOLYTIC AGENT;

EID: 84921968710     PISSN: 03043959     EISSN: 18726623     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.0000000000000016     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (87)

References (67)
  • 1
    • 70349690422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding the co-occurrence of anxiety disorders and chronic pain: State-of-the-art
    • Asmundson GJ, Katz J. Understanding the co-occurrence of anxiety disorders and chronic pain: state-of-the-art. Depress Anxiety 2009;26:888-901.
    • (2009) Depress Anxiety , vol.26 , pp. 888-901
    • Asmundson, G.J.1    Katz, J.2
  • 2
    • 0030460383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of anxiety sensitivity in pain-related fear and avoidance
    • Asmundson GJ, Taylor S. Role of anxiety sensitivity in pain-related fear and avoidance. J Behav Med 1996;19:577-86.
    • (1996) J Behav Med , vol.19 , pp. 577-586
    • Asmundson, G.J.1    Taylor, S.2
  • 5
    • 0036212737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative and qualitative perceptual analysis of cold dysesthesia and hyperalgesia in fibromyalgia
    • Berglund B, Harju EL, Kosek E, Lindblom U. Quantitative and qualitative perceptual analysis of cold dysesthesia and hyperalgesia in fibromyalgia. PAIN 2002;96:177-87.
    • (2002) Pain , vol.96 , pp. 177-187
    • Berglund, B.1    Harju, E.L.2    Kosek, E.3    Lindblom, U.4
  • 7
    • 0023901437 scopus 로고
    • Context and ambiguity in the extinction of emotional learning: Implications for exposure therapy
    • Bouton ME. Context and ambiguity in the extinction of emotional learning: implications for exposure therapy. Behav Res Ther 1988;26:137-49.
    • (1988) Behav Res Ther , vol.26 , pp. 137-149
    • Bouton, M.E.1
  • 8
    • 84970659614 scopus 로고
    • Context, ambiguity, and classical conditioning
    • Bouton ME. Context, ambiguity, and classical conditioning. Curr Dir Psychol Sci 1994;3:49-53.
    • (1994) Curr Dir Psychol Sci , vol.3 , pp. 49-53
    • Bouton, M.E.1
  • 9
    • 0033630115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A learning theory perspective on lapse, relapse, and the maintenance of behavior change
    • Bouton ME. A learning theory perspective on lapse, relapse, and the maintenance of behavior change. Health Psychol 2000;19(1 suppl):57-63.
    • (2000) Health Psychol , vol.19 , Issue.1 , pp. 57-63
    • Bouton, M.E.1
  • 10
    • 0037112191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Context, ambiguity, and unlearning: Sources of relapse after behavioral extinction
    • Bouton ME. Context, ambiguity, and unlearning: sources of relapse after behavioral extinction. Biol Psychiatry 2002;52:976-86.
    • (2002) Biol Psychiatry , vol.52 , pp. 976-986
    • Bouton, M.E.1
  • 11
    • 0026165648 scopus 로고
    • The fibromyalgia impact questionnaire: Development and validation
    • Burckhardt CS, Clark SR, Bennett RM. The Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire: development and validation. J Rheumatol 1991;18:728-33.
    • (1991) J Rheumatol , vol.18 , pp. 728-733
    • Burckhardt, C.S.1    Clark, S.R.2    Bennett, R.M.3
  • 12
    • 84879557970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute and chronic effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor treatment on fear conditioning: Implications for underlying fear circuits
    • Burghardt NS, Bauer EP. Acute and chronic effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor treatment on fear conditioning: implications for underlying fear circuits. Neuroscience 2013;247:253-72.
    • (2013) Neuroscience , vol.247 , pp. 253-272
    • Burghardt, N.S.1    Bauer, E.P.2
  • 13
    • 35649017259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors increase conditioned fear expression: Blockade with a 5-HT(2C) receptor antagonist
    • Burghardt NS, Bush DE, McEwen BS, LeDoux JE. Acute selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors increase conditioned fear expression: blockade with a 5-HT(2C) receptor antagonist. Biol Psychiatry 2007;62:1111-8.
    • (2007) Biol Psychiatry , vol.62 , pp. 1111-1118
    • Burghardt, N.S.1    Bush, D.E.2    McEwen, B.S.3    LeDoux, J.E.4
  • 16
    • 33947505520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychophysiological analysis (PSPHA): A modular script-based program for analyzing psychophysiological data
    • de Clercq A, Verschuere B, de Vlieger P, Crombez G. Psychophysiological analysis (PSPHA): a modular script-based program for analyzing psychophysiological data. Behavior Research Methods 2006;38:504-10.
    • (2006) Behavior Research Methods , vol.38 , pp. 504-510
    • De Clercq, A.1    Verschuere, B.2    De Vlieger, P.3    Crombez, G.4
  • 17
    • 45849151124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blockade of endogenous opioid neurotransmission enhances acquisition of conditioned fear in humans
    • Eippert F, Bingel U, Schoell E, Yacubian J, Büchel C. Blockade of endogenous opioid neurotransmission enhances acquisition of conditioned fear in humans. J Neurosci 2008;28:5465-72.
    • (2008) J Neurosci , vol.28 , pp. 5465-5472
    • Eippert, F.1    Bingel, U.2    Schoell, E.3    Yacubian, J.4    Büchel, C.5
  • 18
    • 34848827251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Verdere validering van de positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS) en vergelijking van twee nederlandstalige versies (further validation of the positive and negative affect schedule [PANAS] and comparison of two Dutch versions)
    • Engelen U, De Peuter S, Victoir A, Van Diest I, Van Den Bergh O. Verdere validering van de positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS) en vergelijking van twee Nederlandstalige versies (further validation of the positive and negative affect schedule [PANAS] and comparison of two Dutch versions). Gedrag & Gezondheid: Tijdschrift voor Psychologie en Gezondheid 2006;34:89-102.
    • (2006) Gedrag & Gezondheid: Tijdschrift Voor Psychologie en Gezondheid , vol.34 , pp. 89-102
    • Engelen, U.1    De Peuter, S.2    Victoir, A.3    Van Diest, I.4    Van Den Bergh, O.5
  • 19
    • 80052899968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-related affective modulation of the startle eyeblink response: Older adults startle most when viewing positive pictures
    • Feng MC. Age-related affective modulation of the startle eyeblink response: older adults startle most when viewing positive pictures. Psychol Aging 2011;26:752.
    • (2011) Psychol Aging , vol.26 , pp. 752
    • Feng, M.C.1
  • 20
    • 84871502903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deficient safety learning characterizes high trait anxious individuals
    • Gazendam FJ, Kamphuis JH, Kindt M. Deficient safety learning characterizes high trait anxious individuals. Biol Psychol 2013;92:342-52.
    • (2013) Biol Psychol , vol.92 , pp. 342-352
    • Gazendam, F.J.1    Kamphuis, J.H.2    Kindt, M.3
  • 22
    • 0042813759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acentury of generalization
    • Ghirlanda S, Enquist M. Acentury of generalization. Anim Behav 2003;66:15-36.
    • (2003) Anim Behav , vol.66 , pp. 15-36
    • Ghirlanda, S.1    Enquist, M.2
  • 23
    • 0033013682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fear-potentiated startle conditioning to explicit and contextual cues in gulf war veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Grillon C. Fear-potentiated startle conditioning to explicit and contextual cues in Gulf War veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. J Abnorm Psychol 1999;108:134.
    • (1999) J Abnorm Psychol , vol.108 , pp. 134
    • Grillon, C.1
  • 24
    • 0036603776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associative learning deficits increase symptoms of anxiety in humans
    • Grillon C. Associative learning deficits increase symptoms of anxiety in humans. Biol Psychiatry 2002;51:851-8.
    • (2002) Biol Psychiatry , vol.51 , pp. 851-858
    • Grillon, C.1
  • 25
    • 0037112013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Startle reactivity and anxiety disorders: Aversive conditioning, context, and neurobiology
    • Grillon C. Startle reactivity and anxiety disorders: aversive conditioning, context, and neurobiology. Biol Psychiatry 2002;52:958-75.
    • (2002) Biol Psychiatry , vol.52 , pp. 958-975
    • Grillon, C.1
  • 26
    • 33748905504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The benzodiazepine alprazolam dissociates contextual fear from cued fear in humans as assessed by fear-potentiated startle
    • Grillon C. The benzodiazepine alprazolam dissociates contextual fear from cued fear in humans as assessed by fear-potentiated startle. Biol Psychiatry 2006;60:760.
    • (2006) Biol Psychiatry , vol.60 , pp. 760
    • Grillon, C.1
  • 27
    • 46649098080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Models and mechanisms of anxiety: Evidence from startle studies
    • Grillon C. Models and mechanisms of anxiety: evidence from startle studies. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2008;199:421-37.
    • (2008) Psychopharmacology (Berl) , vol.199 , pp. 421-437
    • Grillon, C.1
  • 28
    • 0028677518 scopus 로고
    • Safety signals and human anxiety: A fear-potentiated startle study
    • Grillon C, Falls WA, Ameli R, Davis M. Safety signals and human anxiety: a fear-potentiated startle study. Anxiety 1994;1:13-21.
    • (1994) Anxiety , vol.1 , pp. 13-21
    • Grillon, C.1    Falls, W.A.2    Ameli, R.3    Davis, M.4
  • 29
    • 33845700619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A single dose of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor citalopram exacerbates anxiety in humans: A fear-potentiated startle study
    • Grillon C, Levenson J, Pine DS. A single dose of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor citalopram exacerbates anxiety in humans: a fear-potentiated startle study. Neuropsychopharmacology 2007;32:225-31.
    • (2007) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.32 , pp. 225-231
    • Grillon, C.1    Levenson, J.2    Pine, D.S.3
  • 30
    • 0002294347 scopus 로고
    • A simple sequentially rejective multiple test procedure
    • Holm S. A simple sequentially rejective multiple test procedure. Scand J Stat 1979;6:65-70.
    • (1979) Scand J Stat , vol.6 , pp. 65-70
    • Holm, S.1
  • 31
    • 84980296846 scopus 로고
    • The legacy of guttman and kalish (1956): 25 years of research on stimulus-generalization
    • Honig WK, Urcuioli PJ. The legacy of Guttman and Kalish (1956): 25 years of research on stimulus-generalization. J Exp Anal Behav 1981;36:405-45.
    • (1981) J Exp Anal Behav , vol.36 , pp. 405-445
    • Honig, W.K.1    Urcuioli, P.J.2
  • 33
    • 75749084105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do fear-avoidance beliefs play a role on the association between low back pain and sickness absence? A prospective cohort study among female health care workers
    • Jensen JN, Karpatschof B, Labriola M, Albertsen K. Do fear-avoidance beliefs play a role on the association between low back pain and sickness absence? A prospective cohort study among female health care workers. J Occup Environ Med 2010;52:85-90.
    • (2010) J Occup Environ Med , vol.52 , pp. 85-90
    • Jensen, J.N.1    Karpatschof, B.2    Labriola, M.3    Albertsen, K.4
  • 35
    • 0035664927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatigue and patterns of pain in fibromyalgia: Correlations with anxiety, depression and comorbidity in a female county sample
    • Kurtze N, Svebak S. Fatigue and patterns of pain in fibromyalgia: correlations with anxiety, depression and comorbidity in a female county sample. Br J Med Psychol 2001;74:523-37.
    • (2001) Br J Med Psychol , vol.74 , pp. 523-537
    • Kurtze, N.1    Svebak, S.2
  • 36
    • 0030731764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Possible deficiencies of pain modulation in fibromyalgia
    • Lautenbacher S, Rollman GB. Possible deficiencies of pain modulation in fibromyalgia. Clin J Pain 1997;13:189-96.
    • (1997) Clin J Pain , vol.13 , pp. 189-196
    • Lautenbacher, S.1    Rollman, G.B.2
  • 37
    • 0027997470 scopus 로고
    • Multi-method assessment of experimental and clinical pain in patients with fibromyalgia
    • Lautenbacher S, Rollman GB, McCain GA. Multi-method assessment of experimental and clinical pain in patients with fibromyalgia. PAIN 1994;59:45-53.
    • (1994) Pain , vol.59 , pp. 45-53
    • Lautenbacher, S.1    Rollman, G.B.2    McCain, G.A.3
  • 38
    • 77957113556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overgeneralization of conditioned fear in the anxiety disorders
    • Lissek S, Grillon C. Overgeneralization of conditioned fear in the anxiety disorders. J Psychol 2010;218:146-8.
    • (2010) J Psychol , vol.218 , pp. 146-148
    • Lissek, S.1    Grillon, C.2
  • 41
    • 59349093003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired discriminative fear-conditioning resulting from elevated fear responding to learned safety cues among individuals with panic disorder
    • Lissek S, Rabin SJ, McDowell DJ, Dvir S, Bradford DE, Geraci M, Pine DS, Grillon C. Impaired discriminative fear-conditioning resulting from elevated fear responding to learned safety cues among individuals with panic disorder. Behav Res Ther 2009;47:111-8.
    • (2009) Behav Res Ther , vol.47 , pp. 111-118
    • Lissek, S.1    Rabin, S.J.2    McDowell, D.J.3    Dvir, S.4    Bradford, D.E.5    Geraci, M.6    Pine, D.S.7    Grillon, C.8
  • 42
    • 80055004955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The acquisition of fear of movement-related pain and associative learning: A novel pain-relevant human fear conditioning paradigm
    • Meulders A, Vansteenwegen D, Vlaeyen JW. The acquisition of fear of movement-related pain and associative learning: a novel pain-relevant human fear conditioning paradigm. PAIN 2011;152:2460-9.
    • (2011) Pain , vol.152 , pp. 2460-2469
    • Meulders, A.1    Vansteenwegen, D.2    Vlaeyen, J.W.3
  • 43
    • 84859893343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Women, but not men, report increasingly more pain during repeated (un)predictable painful electrocutaneous stimulation: Evidence for mediation by fear of pain
    • Meulders A, Vansteenwegen D, Vlaeyen JW. Women, but not men, report increasingly more pain during repeated (un)predictable painful electrocutaneous stimulation: evidence for mediation by fear of pain. PAIN 2012;153:1030-41.
    • (2012) Pain , vol.153 , pp. 1030-1041
    • Meulders, A.1    Vansteenwegen, D.2    Vlaeyen, J.W.3
  • 44
    • 84872685594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The acquisition and generalization of cued and contextual pain-related fear: An experimental study using a voluntary movement paradigm
    • Meulders A, Vlaeyen JWS. The acquisition and generalization of cued and contextual pain-related fear: an experimental study using a voluntary movement paradigm. PAIN 2013;154:272-82.
    • (2013) Pain , vol.154 , pp. 272-282
    • Meulders, A.1    Vlaeyen, J.W.S.2
  • 45
    • 31144451591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A contemporary learning theory perspective on the etiology of anxiety disorders: It's not what you thought it was
    • Mineka S, Zinbarg R. A contemporary learning theory perspective on the etiology of anxiety disorders: it's not what you thought it was. Am Psychol 2006;61:10-26.
    • (2006) Am Psychol , vol.61 , pp. 10-26
    • Mineka, S.1    Zinbarg, R.2
  • 46
    • 0030046965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exaggerated acoustic startle reflex in gulf war veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Morgan CA. Exaggerated acoustic startle reflex in Gulf War veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Am J Psychiatry 1996;153:64.
    • (1996) Am J Psychiatry , vol.153 , pp. 64
    • Morgan, C.A.1
  • 47
    • 0032542897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What's wrong with bonferroni adjustments
    • Perneger TV. What's wrong with Bonferroni adjustments. BMJ 1998;316:1236-8.
    • (1998) BMJ , vol.316 , pp. 1236-1238
    • Perneger, T.V.1
  • 48
    • 0141760403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased pain sensitivity in fibromyalgia: Effects of stimulus type and mode of presentation
    • Petzke F, Clauw DJ, Ambrose K, Khine A, Gracely RH. Increased pain sensitivity in fibromyalgia: effects of stimulus type and mode of presentation. PAIN 2003;105:403-13.
    • (2003) Pain , vol.105 , pp. 403-413
    • Petzke, F.1    Clauw, D.J.2    Ambrose, K.3    Khine, A.4    Gracely, R.H.5
  • 49
    • 0033992359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fear and anxiety: Divergent effects on human pain thresholds
    • Rhudy JL, Meagher MW. Fear and anxiety: divergent effects on human pain thresholds. PAIN 2000;84:65-75.
    • (2000) Pain , vol.84 , pp. 65-75
    • Rhudy, J.L.1    Meagher, M.W.2
  • 51
    • 9244221632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pavlovian conditioning of muscular responses in chronic pain patients: Central and peripheral correlates
    • Schneider C, Palomba D, Flor H. Pavlovian conditioning of muscular responses in chronic pain patients: central and peripheral correlates. PAIN 2004;112:239-47.
    • (2004) Pain , vol.112 , pp. 239-247
    • Schneider, C.1    Palomba, D.2    Flor, H.3
  • 52
    • 77953541504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissociating response systems: Erasing fear from memory
    • Soeter M, Kindt M. Dissociating response systems: erasing fear from memory. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2010;94:30-41.
    • (2010) Neurobiol Learn Mem , vol.94 , pp. 30-41
    • Soeter, M.1    Kindt, M.2
  • 54
    • 77649170654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Affect 4.0: A free software package for implementing psychological and psychophysiological experiments
    • Spruyt A, Clarysse J, Vansteenwegen D, Baeyens F, Hermans D. Affect 4.0: a free software package for implementing psychological and psychophysiological experiments. Exp Psychol 2010;57:36.
    • (2010) Exp Psychol , vol.57 , pp. 36
    • Spruyt, A.1    Clarysse, J.2    Vansteenwegen, D.3    Baeyens, F.4    Hermans, D.5
  • 55
    • 32644437449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of disease: Pain in fibromyalgia syndrome
    • Staud R, Rodriguez ME. Mechanisms of disease: pain in fibromyalgia syndrome. Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol 2006;2:90-8.
    • (2006) Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol , vol.2 , pp. 90-98
    • Staud, R.1    Rodriguez, M.E.2
  • 56
    • 30444439220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute low back pain: Pain-related fear and pain catastrophizing influence physical performance and perceived disability
    • Swinkels-Meewisse IE, Roelofs J, Oostendorp RA, Verbeek AL, Vlaeyen JW. Acute low back pain: pain-related fear and pain catastrophizing influence physical performance and perceived disability. PAIN 2006;120:36-43.
    • (2006) Pain , vol.120 , pp. 36-43
    • Swinkels-Meewisse, I.E.1    Roelofs, J.2    Oostendorp, R.A.3    Verbeek, A.L.4    Vlaeyen, J.W.5
  • 58
    • 9244251523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comorbid depression and anxiety in fibromyalgia syndrome: Relationship to somatic and psychosocial variables
    • Thieme K, Turk DC, Flor H. Comorbid depression and anxiety in fibromyalgia syndrome: relationship to somatic and psychosocial variables. Psychosom Med 2004;66:837-44.
    • (2004) Psychosom Med , vol.66 , pp. 837-844
    • Thieme, K.1    Turk, D.C.2    Flor, H.3
  • 59
    • 27644487481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Norming clinical questionnaires with multiple regression: The pain cognition list
    • Van Breukelen GJ, Vlaeyen JW. Norming clinical questionnaires with multiple regression: the pain cognition list. Psychol Assess 2005;17:336-44.
    • (2005) Psychol Assess , vol.17 , pp. 336-344
    • Van Breukelen, G.J.1    Vlaeyen, J.W.2
  • 60
    • 37349102340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contextual fear induced by unpredictability in a human fear conditioning preparation is related to the chronic expectation of a threatening US
    • Vansteenwegen D, Iberico C, Vervliet B, Marescau V, Hermans D. Contextual fear induced by unpredictability in a human fear conditioning preparation is related to the chronic expectation of a threatening US. Biol Psychol 2008;77:39-46.
    • (2008) Biol Psychol , vol.77 , pp. 39-46
    • Vansteenwegen, D.1    Iberico, C.2    Vervliet, B.3    Marescau, V.4    Hermans, D.5
  • 61
    • 0034177466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fear-avoidance and its consequences in chronic musculoskeletal pain: A state of the art
    • Vlaeyen JW, Linton SJ. Fear-avoidance and its consequences in chronic musculoskeletal pain: a state of the art. PAIN 2000;85:317-32.
    • (2000) Pain , vol.85 , pp. 317-332
    • Vlaeyen, J.W.1    Linton, S.J.2
  • 62
    • 84861185758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fear-avoidance model of chronic musculoskeletal pain: 12 years on
    • Vlaeyen JW, Linton SJ. Fear-avoidance model of chronic musculoskeletal pain: 12 years on. PAIN 2012;153:1144-7.
    • (2012) Pain , vol.153 , pp. 1144-1147
    • Vlaeyen, J.W.1    Linton, S.J.2
  • 64
    • 0024023344 scopus 로고
    • Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales
    • Watson D, Clark LA, Tellegen A. Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: the PANAS scales. J Pers Soc Psychol 1988;47:1063-70.
    • (1988) J Pers Soc Psychol , vol.47 , pp. 1063-1070
    • Watson, D.1    Clark, L.A.2    Tellegen, A.3
  • 65
    • 33748149055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The incidence of fibromyalgia and its associated comorbidities: A population-based retrospective cohort study based on international classification of diseases, 9th revision codes
    • Weir PT, Harlan GA, Nkoy FL, Jones SS, Hegmann KT, Gren LH, Lyon JL. The incidence of fibromyalgia and its associated comorbidities: a population-based retrospective cohort study based on International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision codes. J Clin Rheumatol 2006;12:124-8.
    • (2006) J Clin Rheumatol , vol.12 , pp. 124-128
    • Weir, P.T.1    Harlan, G.A.2    Nkoy, F.L.3    Jones, S.S.4    Hegmann, K.T.5    Gren, L.H.6    Lyon, J.L.7
  • 67
    • 0020527558 scopus 로고
    • The hospital anxiety and depression scale
    • Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1983;67:361-70.
    • (1983) Acta Psychiatr Scand , vol.67 , pp. 361-370
    • Zigmond, A.S.1    Snaith, R.P.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.