Gold nanoparticles for photoacoustic imaging

Nanomedicine

Volumn 10, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 299-320

  Li, Wanwan ^a   Chen, Xiaoyuan ^b  

^a SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF BIOMEDICAL IMAGING AND BIOENGINEERING   (United States)

Author keywords

atherosclerosis; brain function; cancer; gold nanoparticle; photoacoustic imaging; therapy guidance

Indexed keywords

CONTRAST MEDIUM; GOLD NANOPARTICLE; NANOCAGE; NANOMATERIAL; NANOROD; NANOSHELL; NANOSPHERE; GOLD; METAL NANOPARTICLE;

ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE; BRAIN FUNCTION; CANCER DIAGNOSIS; CIRCULATING TUMOR CELL; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; HUMAN; IMAGE GUIDED RADIOTHERAPY; LYMPH NODE METASTASIS; NONHUMAN; PHOTOACOUSTICS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; CHEMISTRY; PROCEDURES;

DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; GOLD; METAL NANOPARTICLES;

EID: 84921473750     PISSN: 17435889     EISSN: 17486963     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2217/nnm.14.169     Document Type: Review

References (138)

1. Bell AG. Upon the production of sound by radiant energy. Am. J. Sci. 20, 305-324 (1880).
2. Xu M, Wang LV. Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 77(4), 041101 (2006).
3. Harrison T, Ranasinghesagara CJ, Lu H, Mathewson K, Walsh A, Zemp RJ. Combined photoacoustic and ultrasound biomicroscopy. Opt. Express 17, 22041-22046 (2009).
4. Niederhauser JJ, Jaeger M, Lemor R, Weber P, Frenz M. Combined ultrasound and optoacoustic system for real-time high-contrast vascular imaging in vivo. IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging 24(4), 436-440 (2005).
5. Wang LV. Multiscale photoacoustic microscopy and computed tomography. Nat. Photonics 3(9), 503-509 (2009).
6. Wang LV, Hu S. Photoacoustic tomography: in vivo imaging from organelles to organs. Science 335(6075), 1458-1462 (2012).
7. Jain PK, Lee KS, El-Sayed IH, El-Sayed MA. Calculated absorption and scattering properties of gold nanoparticles of different size, shape, and composition: applications in biological imaging and biomedicine. J. Phys. Chem. B 110(14), 7238-7248 (2006).
8. Weissleder R. A clearer vision for in vivo imaging. Nat. Biotechnol. 19, 316-317 (2001).
9. Rouleau L, Berti R, Ng VWK et al. VCAM-1-targeting gold nanoshell probe for photoacoustic imaging of atherosclerotic plaque in mice. Contrast Media Mol. Imaging 8(1), 27-39 (2013).
10. Smith AM, Mancini MC, Nie S. Bioimaging: second window for in vivo imaging. Nat. Nanotechnol. 4(11), 710-711 (2009).
11. Sordillo L, Pu Y, Pratavieira S, Budansky Y, Alfano R. Deep optical imaging of tissue using the second and third near-infrared spectral windows. J. Biomed. Opt. 19(5), 56004-56004 (2014).
12. Shimizu T, Teranishi T, Hasegawa S, Miyake M. Size evolution of alkanethiol-protected gold nanoparticles by heat treatment in the solid state. J. Phys. Chem. B 107(12), 2719-2724 (2003).
13. Ye X, Gao Y, Chen J, Reifsnyder DC, Zheng C, Murray CB. Seeded growth of monodisperse gold nanorods using bromide-free surfactant mixtures. Nano Lett. 13(5), 2163-2171 (2013).
14. Oldenburg SJ, Averitt RD, Westcott SL, Halas NJ. Nanoengineering of optical resonances. Chem. Phys. Lett. 288(2-4), 243-247 (1998).
15. Ah CS, Yun YJ, Park HJ, Kim W-J, Ha DH, Yun WS. Size-controlled synthesis of machinable single crystalline gold nanoplates. Chem. Mater. 17(22), 5558-5561 (2005).
16. Wang Y, Liu Y, Luehmann H et al. Evaluating the pharmacokinetics and in vivo cancer targeting capability of au nanocages by positron emission tomography imaging. ACS Nano 6(7), 5880-5888 (2012).
17. Nehl CL, Liao H, Hafner JH. Optical properties of star-shaped gold nanoparticles. Nano Lett. 6(4), 683-688 (2006).
18. Wang S, Huang P, Nie L et al. Single continuous wave laser induced photodynamic/plasmonic photothermal therapy using photosensitizer-functionalized gold nanostars. Adv. Mater. 25(22), 3055-3061 (2013).
19. Personick ML, Langille MR, Zhang J, Harris N, Schatz GC, Mirkin CA. Synthesis and isolation of {110}-faceted gold bipyramids and rhombic dodecahedra. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133(16), 6170-6173 (2011).
20. Emelianov SY, Aglyamov SR, Karpiouk AB et al. 1E-5 synergy and applications of combined ultrasound, elasticity, and photoacoustic imaging (invited). Presented at: IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium 2006. Vancouver, BC, Canada, 3-6 October 2006.
21. Vo-Dinh T. Biomedical Photonics Handbook. CRC Press, FL, USA (2010).
22. Oraevsky AA, Jacques SL, Tittel FK. Measurement of tissue optical properties by time-resolved detection of laser-induced transient stress. Appl. Opt. 36(1), 402-415 (1997).
23. Oraevsky AA, Esenaliev RO, Jacques SL, Thomsen SL, Tittel FK. Lateral and z-axial resolution in laser optoacoustic imaging with ultrasonic transducers. Proc. SPIE 2389, 198-208 (1995).
24. Kim C, Erpelding TN, Jankovic L, Pashley MD, Wang LV. Deeply penetrating in vivo photoacoustic imaging using a clinical ultrasound array system. Biomed. Opt. Express 1(1), 278-284 (2010).
25. Esenaliev RO, Karabutov AA, Oraevsky AA. Sensitivity of laser opto-acoustic imaging in detection of small deeply embedded tumors. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. 5(4), 981-988 (1999).
26. Ku G, Wang LV. Deeply penetrating photoacoustic tomography in biological tissues enhanced with an optical contrast agent. Opt. Lett. 30(5), 507-509 (2005).
27. American National Standards Institute, Laser Institute of America. American National Standard for the Safe Use of Lasers. American National Standards Institute, Washington, DC, USA (2000).
28. Zhang HF, Maslov K, Stoica G, Wang LV. Functional photoacoustic microscopy for high-resolution and noninvasive in vivo imaging. Nat. Biotechnol. 24(7), 848-851 (2006).
29. Maslov K, Zhang HF, Hu S, Wang LV. Optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy for in vivo imaging of single capillaries. Opt. Lett. 33(9), 929-931 (2008).
30. Mallidi S, Aglyamov S, Karpiouk A, Park S, Emelianov S. Functional and morphological ultrasonic biomicroscopy for tissue engineers. Proc. SPIE 6147, Y1-Y7 (2006).
31. Manohar S, Vaartjes SE, Van Hespen JC et al. Initial results of in vivo non-invasive cancer imaging in the human breast using near-infrared photoacoustics. Opt. Express 15(19), 12277-12285 (2007).
32. Kelly KL, Coronado E, Zhao LL, Schatz GC. The optical properties of metal nanoparticles: the influence of size, shape, and dielectric environment. J. Phys. Chem. B 107(3), 668-677 (2003).
33. Mayer KM, Hafner JH. Localized surface plasmon resonance sensors. Chem. Rev. 111(6), 3828-3857 (2011).
34. Cho EC, Kim C, Zhou F et al. Measuring the optical absorption cross sections of Au?Ag nanocages and au nanorods by photoacoustic imaging. J. Phys. Chem. C 113(21), 9023-9028 (2009).
35. Myroshnychenko V, Rodríguez-Fernández J, Pastoriza-Santos I et al. Modelling the optical response of gold nanoparticles. Chem. Soc. Rev. 37(9), 1792-1805 (2008).
36. Grzelczak M, Pérez-Juste J, Mulvaney P, Liz-Marzán LM. Shape control in gold nanoparticle synthesis. Chem. Soc. Rev. 37(9), 1783-1791 (2008).
37. Xia Y, Xiong Y, Lim B, Skrabalak SE. Shape?controlled synthesis of metal nanocrystals: simple chemistry meets complex physics? Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 48(1), 60-103 (2009).
38. Link S, El-Sayed MA. Spectral properties and relaxation dynamics of surface plasmon electronic oscillations in gold and silver nanodots and nanorods. J. Phys. Chem. B 103(40), 8410-8426 (1999).
39. Xia Y, Li W, Cobley CM et al. Gold nanocages: from synthesis to theranostic applications. Acc. Chem. Res. 44(10), 914-924 (2011).
40. Gao B, Rozin MJ, Tao AR. Plasmonic nanocomposites: polymer-guided strategies for assembling metal nanoparticles. Nanoscale 5(13), 5677-5691 (2013).
41. Lin J, Wang S, Huang P et al. Photosensitizer-loaded gold vesicles with strong plasmonic coupling effect for imaging-guided photothermal/photodynamic therapy. ACS Nano 7(6), 5320-5329 (2013).
42. He J, Huang X, Li Y-C et al. Self-assembly of amphiphilic plasmonic micelle-like nanoparticles in selective solvents. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 135(21), 7974-7984 (2013).
43. Huang P, Lin J, Li W et al. Biodegradable gold nanovesicles with an ultrastrong plasmonic coupling effect for photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 125(52), 14208-14214 (2013).
44. Nikoobakht B, El-Sayed MA. Preparation and growth mechanism of gold nanorods (NRs) using seed-mediated growth method. Chem. Mater. 15(10), 1957-1962 (2003).
45. Zhu J, Yong K-T, Roy I et al. Additive controlled synthesis of gold nanorods (GNRs) for two-photon luminescence imaging of cancer cells. Nanotechnology 21(28), 285106 (2010).
46. Huang X, Neretina S, El?Sayed MA. Gold nanorods: from synthesis and properties to biological and biomedical applications. Adv. Mater. 21(48), 4880-4910 (2009).
47. Lee K-S, El-Sayed MA. Dependence of the enhanced optical scattering efficiency relative to that of absorption for gold metal nanorods on aspect ratio, size, end-cap shape, and medium refractive index. J. Phys. Chem. B 109(43), 20331-20338 (2005).
48. Wiesner J, Wokaun A. Anisometric gold colloids. Preparation, characterization, and optical properties. Chem. Phys. Lett. 157(6), 569-575 (1989).
49. Huang X, El-Sayed IH, Qian W, El-Sayed MA. Cancer cell imaging and photothermal therapy in the near-infrared region by using gold nanorods. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128(6), 2115-2120 (2006).
50. Jokerst JV, Cole AJ, Van De Sompel D, Gambhir SS. Gold nanorods for ovarian cancer detection with photoacoustic imaging and resection guidance via Raman imaging in living mice. ACS Nano 6(11), 10366-10377 (2012).
51. Orendorff CJ, Murphy CJ. Quantitation of metal content in the silver-assisted growth of gold nanorods. J. Phys. Chem. B 110(9), 3990-3994 (2006).
52. Wang Y, Xie X, Wang X et al. Photoacoustic tomography of a nanoshell contrast agent in the in vivo rat brain. Nano Lett. 4(9), 1689-1692 (2004).
53. Xiang L, Xing D, Gu H, Yang D, Zeng L, Yang S. Gold nanoshell-based photoacoustic imaging application in biomedicine. Presented at: 2006 International Symposium on Biophotonics, Nanophotonics and Metamaterials. Hangzhou, China, 16-18 October 2006.
54. Averitt R, Sarkar D, Halas N. Plasmon resonance shifts of Au-coated Au 2 S nanoshells: insight into multicomponent nanoparticle growth. Phys. Rev. Lett. 78(22), 4217 (1997).
55. Westcott SL, Oldenburg SJ, Lee TR, Halas N. Construction of simple gold nanoparticle aggregates with controlled plasmon-plasmon interactions. Chem. Phys. Lett. 300(5), 651-655 (1999).
56. Westcott SL, Oldenburg SJ, Lee TR, Halas NJ. Formation and adsorption of clusters of gold nanoparticles onto functionalized silica nanoparticle surfaces. Langmuir 14(19), 5396-5401 (1998).
57. Oldenburg SJ, Jackson JB, Westcott SL, Halas N. Infrared extinction properties of gold nanoshells. Appl. Phys. Lett. 75(19), 2897-2899 (1999).
58. Lin A, Hirsch L, Lee M-H et al. Nanoshell-enabled photonics-based imaging and therapy of cancer. Technol. Cancer Res. Treat. 3(1), 33-40 (2004).
59. Sun Y, Mayers BT, Xia Y. Template-engaged replacement reaction: a one-step approach to the large-scale synthesis of metal nanostructures with hollow interiors. Nano Lett. 2(5), 481-485 (2002).
60. Cole JR, Mirin NA, Knight MW, Goodrich GP, Halas NJ. Photothermal efficiencies of nanoshells and nanorods for clinical therapeutic applications. J. Phys. Chem. C 113(28), 12090-12094 (2009).
61. Millstone JE, Hurst SJ, Métraux GS, Cutler JI, Mirkin CA. Colloidal gold and silver triangular nanoprisms. Small 5(6), 646-664 (2009).
62. Malikova N, Pastoriza-Santos I, Schierhorn M, Kotov NA, Liz-Marzán LM. Layer-by-layer assembled mixed spherical and planar gold nanoparticles: control of interparticle interactions. Langmuir 18(9), 3694-3697 (2002).
63. Millstone JE, Park S, Shuford KL, Qin L, Schatz GC, Mirkin CA. Observation of a quadrupole plasmon mode for a colloidal solution of gold nanoprisms. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127(15), 5312-5313 (2005).
64. Millstone JE, Métraux GS, Mirkin CA. Controlling the edge length of gold nanoprisms via a seed?mediated approach. Adv. Funct. Mater. 16(9), 1209-1214 (2006).
65. Skrabalak SE, Chen J, Sun Y et al. Gold nanocages: synthesis, properties, and applications. Acc. Chem. Res. 41(12), 1587-1595 (2008).
66. Yang X, Skrabalak SE, Li Z-Y, Xia Y, Wang LV. Photoacoustic tomography of a rat cerebral cortex in vivo with Au nanocages as an optical contrast agent. Nano Lett. 7(12), 3798-3802 (2007).
67. Mahmoud M, El-Sayed M. Metallic double shell hollow nanocages: the challenges of their synthetic techniques. Langmuir 28(9), 4051-4059 (2012).
68. Chen J, Saeki F, Wiley BJ et al. Gold nanocages: bioconjugation and their potential use as optical imaging contrast agents. Nano Lett. 5(3), 473-477 (2005).
69. Yavuz MS, Cheng Y, Chen J et al. Gold nanocages covered by smart polymers for controlled release with near-infrared light. Nat. Mater. 8(12), 935-939 (2009).
70. Yuan H, Khoury CG, Hwang H, Wilson CM, Grant GA, Vo-Dinh T. Gold nanostars: surfactant-free synthesis, 3D modelling, and two-photon photoluminescence imaging. Nanotechnology 23(7), 075102 (2012).
71. Guerrero-Martínez A, Barbosa S, Pastoriza-Santos I, Liz-Marzán LM. Nanostars shine bright for you: colloidal synthesis, properties and applications of branched metallic nanoparticles. Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 16(2), 118-127 (2011).
72. Kumar PS, Pastoriza-Santos I, Rodriguez-Gonzalez B, De Abajo FJG, Liz-Marzan LM. High-yield synthesis and optical response of gold nanostars. Nanotechnology 19(1), 015606 (2008).
73. Hao E, Bailey RC, Schatz GC, Hupp JT, Li S. Synthesis and optical properties of 'branched' gold nanocrystals. Nano Lett. 4(2), 327-330 (2004).
74. Khoury CG, Vo-Dinh T. Gold nanostars for surface-enhanced Raman scattering: synthesis, characterization and optimization. J. Phys. Chem. C 112(48), 18849-18859 (2008).
75. Kim C, Song H-M, Cai X, Yao J, Wei A, Wang LV. In vivo photoacoustic mapping of lymphatic systems with plasmon-resonant nanostars. J. Mater. Chem. 21(9), 2841-2844 (2011).
76. Kim G, Huang S-W, Day KC et al. Indocyanine-green-embedded PEBBLEs as a contrast agent for photoacoustic imaging. J. Biomed. Opt. 12(4), 044020 (2007).
77. Song KH, Margenthaler JA, Wang LV, Stein EW. Noninvasive photoacoustic identification of sentinel lymph nodes containing methylene blue in vivo in a rat model. J. Biomed. Opt. 13(5), 054033 (2008).
78. Li M-L, Oh J-T, Xie X et al. Simultaneous molecular and hypoxia imaging of brain tumors in vivo using spectroscopic photoacoustic tomography. Proc. IEEE 96(3), 481-489 (2008).
79. Bhattacharyya S, Wang S, Reinecke D, Kiser Jr W, Kruger RA, Degrado TR. Synthesis and evaluation of near-infrared (NIR) dye-herceptin conjugates as photoacoustic computed tomography (PCT) probes for HER2 expression in breast cancer. Bioconjug. Chem. 19(6), 1186-1193 (2008).
80. De La Zerda A, Zavaleta C, Keren S et al. Carbon nanotubes as photoacoustic molecular imaging agents in living mice. Nat. Nanotechnol. 3(9), 557-562 (2008).
81. Homan KA, Souza M, Truby R et al. Silver nanoplate contrast agents for in vivo molecular photoacoustic imaging. ACS Nano 6(1), 641-650 (2012).
82. Kim J-W, Galanzha EI, Shashkov EV, Moon H-M, Zharov VP. Golden carbon nanotubes as multimodal photoacoustic and photothermal high-contrast molecular agents. Nat. Nanotechnol. 4(10), 688-694 (2009).
83. Zerda ADL, Liu Z, Bodapati S et al. Ultrahigh sensitivity carbon nanotube agents for photoacoustic molecular imaging in living mice. Nano Lett. 10(6), 2168-2172 (2010).
84. Jin Y, Jia C, Huang S-W, O'donnell M, Gao X. Multifunctional nanoparticles as coupled contrast agents. Nat. Commun. 1, 41 (2010).
85. Galanzha EI, Kokoska MS, Shashkov EV, Kim JW, Tuchin VV, Zharov VP. In vivo fiber?based multicolor photoacoustic detection and photothermal purging of metastasis in sentinel lymph nodes targeted by nanoparticles. J. Biophotonics 2(8-9), 528-539 (2009).
86. Liu X, Atwater M, Wang J, Huo Q. Extinction coefficient of gold nanoparticles with different sizes and different capping ligands. Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces 58(1), 3-7 (2007).
87. Melancon MP, Lu W, Yang Z et al. In vitro and in vivo targeting of hollow gold nanoshells directed at epidermal growth factor receptor for photothermal ablation therapy. Mol. Cancer Ther. 7(6), 1730-1739 (2008).
88. Oregon Medical Laser Center. Optical absorption of indocyanine green. http://omlc.org/spectra/icg/index.html
89. Orgeon Medical Laser Center. Optical absorption of methylene blue. http://omlc.org/spectra/mb/index.html
90. LI-COR. IRDye® 800CW NHS ester: optical properties and structure. www.licor.com/clinical-translation/irdye-800CW-NHS
91. Life Technologies. The Alexa Fluor dye series. www.lifetechnologies.com/cn/zh/home/references
92. Schoppler F, Mann C, Hain TC et al. Molar extinction coefficient of single-wall carbon nanotubes. J. Phys. Chem. C 115(30), 14682-14686 (2011)
93. Laufer J, Zhang E, Beard P. Evaluation of absorbing chromophores used in tissue phantoms for quantitative photoacoustic spectroscopy and imaging. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. 16(3), 600-607 (2010).
94. Zhang Q, Iwakuma N, Sharma P et al. Gold nanoparticles as a contrast agent for in vivo tumor imaging with photoacoustic tomography. Nanotechnology 20(39), 395102 (2009).
95. Kim C, Cho EC, Chen J et al. In vivo molecular photoacoustic tomography of melanomas targeted by bioconjugated gold nanocages. ACS Nano 4(8), 4559-4564 (2010).
96. Zhang YS, Wang Y, Wang L et al. Labeling human mesenchymal stem cells with gold nanocages for in vitro and in vivo tracking by two-photon microscopy and photoacoustic microscopy. Theranostics 3(8), 532 (2013).
97. Kim S, Chen Y-S, Luke GP, Emelianov SY. In vivo three-dimensional spectroscopic photoacoustic imaging for monitoring nanoparticle delivery. Biomed. Opt. Express 2(9), 2540-2550 (2011).
98. Bao C, Beziere N, Del Pino P et al. Gold nanoprisms as optoacoustic signal nanoamplifiers for in vivo bioimaging of gastrointestinal cancers. Small 9(1), 68-74 (2013).
99. Bayer CL, Chen Y-S, Kim S, Mallidi S, Sokolov K, Emelianov S. Multiplex photoacoustic molecular imaging using targeted silica-coated gold nanorods. Biomed. Opt. Express 2(7), 1828-1835 (2011).
100. Bayer CL, Chen Y-S, Kim S, Mallidi S, Sokolov K, Emelianov S. Molecular diagnosis of cancer using multiplex photoacoustic imaging with targeted nanorods. Presented at: IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium 2010. San Diego, CA, USA, 11-14 October 2010.
101. Li P-C, Wei C-W, Liao C-K et al. Photoacoustic imaging of multiple targets using gold nanorods. IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferr. 54(8), 1642-1647 (2007).
102. Nie L, Wang S, Wang X et al. In vivo volumetric photoacoustic molecular angiography and therapeutic monitoring with targeted plasmonic nanostars. Small 10(8), 1585-1593 (2013).
103. Agarwal A, Huang SW, O'Donnell M et al. Targeted gold nanorod contrast agent for prostate cancer detection by photoacoustic imaging. J. Appl. Phys. 102(6), 064701 (2007).
104. Cheng K, Kothapalli S-R, Liu H et al. Construction and validation of nano gold tripods for molecular imaging of living subjects. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 136(9), 3560-3571 (2014).
105. Thomas T, Dale P, Weight R, Atasoy U, Magee J, Viator J. Photoacoustic detection of breast cancer cells in human blood. Proc. SPIE 4856, 685609 (2008).
106. Viator JA, Gupta S, Goldschmidt BS et al. Gold nanoparticle mediated detection of prostate cancer cells using photoacoustic flowmetry with optical reflectance. J. Biomed. Nanotechnol. 6(2), 187-191 (2010).
107. McCormack DR, Bhattacharyya K, Kannan R, Katti K, Viator JA. Enhanced photoacoustic detection of melanoma cells using gold nanoparticles. Lasers Surg. Med. 43(4), 333-338 (2011).
108. Li PC, Wang CR, Shieh DB et al. In vivo photoacoustic molecular imaging with simultaneous multiple selective targeting using antibody-conjugated gold nanorods. Opt. Express 16(23), 18605-18615 (2008).
109. Hu X, Wei CW, Xia J, Pelivanov I, O'Donnell M, Gao X. Trapping and photoacoustic detection of CTCs at the single cell per milliliter level with magneto?optical coupled nanoparticles. Small 9(12), 2046-2052 (2013).
110. Truby RL, Emelianov SY, Homan KA. Ligand-mediated self-assembly of hybrid plasmonic and superparamagnetic nanostructures. Langmuir 29(8), 2465-2470 (2013).
111. Chen L-C, Wei C-W, Souris JS et al. Enhanced photoacoustic stability of gold nanorods by silica matrix confinement. J. Biomed. Opt. 15(1), 016010 (2010).
112. Jokerst JV, Thangaraj M, Kempen PJ, Sinclair R, Gambhir SS. Photoacoustic imaging of mesenchymal stem cells in living mice via silica-coated gold nanorods. ACS Nano 6(7), 5920-5930 (2012).
113. Song KH, Kim C, Maslov K, Wang LV. Noninvasive in vivo spectroscopic nanorod-contrast photoacoustic mapping of sentinel lymph nodes. Eur. J. Radiol. 70(2), 227-231 (2009).
114. Song KH, Kim C, Cobley CM, Xia Y, Wang LV. Near-infrared gold nanocages as a new class of tracers for photoacoustic sentinel lymph node mapping on a rat model. Nano Lett. 9(1), 183-188 (2008).
115. Galanzha EI, Shashkov EV, Tuchin VV, Zharov VP. In vivo multispectral, multiparameter, photoacoustic lymph flow cytometry with natural cell focusing, label?free detection and multicolor nanoparticle probes. Cytometry A 73(10), 884-894 (2008).
116. Galanzha EI, Tuchin VV, Zharov VP. Advances in small animal mesentery models for in vivo flow cytometry, dynamic microscopy, and drug screening. World J. Gastroenterol. 13(2), 192-218 (2007).
117. Wang B, Joshi P, Sapozhnikova V et al. Intravascular photoacoustic imaging of macrophages using molecularly targeted gold nanoparticles. Proc. SPIE 7564, 75640A (2010).
118. Wang B, Yantsen E, Larson T et al. Plasmonic intravascular photoacoustic imaging for detection of macrophages in atherosclerotic plaques. Nano Lett. 9(6), 2212-2217 (2008).
119. Kim K, Huang S-W, Ashkenazi S et al. Photoacoustic imaging of early inflammatory response using gold nanorods. Appl. Phys. Lett. 90(22), 223901 (2007).
120. O'Donnell M, Mcveigh ER, Strauss HW et al. Multimodality cardiovascular molecular imaging technology. J. Nucl. Med. 51(Suppl. 1), 38S-50S (2010).
121. Ha S, Carson A, Agarwal A, Kotov NA, Kim K. Detection and monitoring of the multiple inflammatory responses by photoacoustic molecular imaging using selectively targeted gold nanorods. Biomed. Opt. Express 2(3), 645-657 (2011).
122. Yeager D, Karpiouk A, Wang B et al. Intravascular photoacoustic imaging of exogenously labeled atherosclerotic plaque through luminal blood. J. Biomed. Opt. 17(10), 106016-106016 (2012).
123. Lu W, Huang Q, Ku G et al. Photoacoustic imaging of living mouse brain vasculature using hollow gold nanospheres. Biomaterials 31(9), 2617-2626 (2010).
124. Kircher MF, De La Zerda A, Jokerst JV et al. A brain tumor molecular imaging strategy using a new triple-modality MRI-photoacoustic-Raman nanoparticle. Nat. Med. 18(5), 829-834 (2012).
125. Cui H, Yang X. In vivo imaging and treatment of solid tumor using integrated photoacoustic imaging and high intensity focused ultrasound system. Med. Phys. 37(9), 4777-4781 (2010).
126. Taruttis A, Herzog E, Razansky D, Ntziachristos V. Real-time imaging of cardiovascular dynamics and circulating gold nanorods with multispectral optoacoustic tomography. Opt. Express 18(19), 19592-19602 (2010).
127. Razansky D, Baeten J, Ntziachristos V. Sensitivity of molecular target detection by multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT). Med. Phys. 36(3), 939-945 (2009).
128. Malam Y, Loizidou M, Seifalian AM. Liposomes and nanoparticles: nanosized vehicles for drug delivery in cancer. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 30(11), 592-599 (2009).
129. Paciotti GF, Myer L, Weinreich D et al. Colloidal gold: a novel nanoparticle vector for tumor directed drug delivery. Drug Deliv. 11(3), 169-183 (2004).
130. Cheng Y, C. Samia A, Meyers JD, Panagopoulos I, Fei B, Burda C. Highly efficient drug delivery with gold nanoparticle vectors for in vivo photodynamic therapy of cancer. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130(32), 10643-10647 (2008).
131. You J, Shao R, Wei X, Gupta S, Li C. Near-infrared light triggers release of paclitaxel from biodegradable microspheres: photothermal effect and enhanced antitumor activity. Small 6(9), 1022-1031 (2010).
132. Campardelli R, Della Porta G, Gomez L, Irusta S, Reverchon E, Santamaria J. Au-PLA nanocomposites for photothermally controlled drug delivery. J. Mater. Chem. B 2(4), 409-417 (2014).
133. Mallidi S, Luke GP, Emelianov S. Photoacoustic imaging in cancer detection, diagnosis, and treatment guidance. Trends Biotechnol. 29(5), 213-221 (2011).
134. Shah J, Ma L, Sokolov K et al. Photoacoustic imaging and temperature measurement for photothermal cancer therapy. J. Biomed. Opt. 13(3), 034024 (2008).
135. Lu W, Melancon MP, Xiong C et al. Effects of photoacoustic imaging and photothermal ablation therapy mediated by targeted hollow gold nanospheres in an orthotopic mouse xenograft model of glioma. Cancer Res. 71(19), 6116-6121 (2011).
136. Yeager D, Chen Y-S, Litovsky S, Emelianov S. Intravascular photoacoustics for image-guidance and temperature monitoring during plasmonic photothermal therapy of atherosclerotic plaques: a feasibility study. Theranostics 4(1), 36-46 (2014).
137. Chang S-S, Shih C-W, Chen C-D, Lai W-C, Wang CC. The shape transition of gold nanorods. Langmuir 15(3), 701-709 (1999).
138. Chen Y-S, Frey W, Kim S et al. Enhanced thermal stability of silica-coated gold nanorods for photoacoustic imaging and image-guided therapy. Opt. Express 18(9), 8867-8878 (2010).