The daytime cycle in dust aerosol direct radiative effects observed in the central sahara during the fennec campaign in june 2011

Journal of Geophysical Research

Volumn 119, Issue 24, 2014, Pages 13,861-13,876

  Banks, Jamie R ^a   Brindley, Helen E ^a   Hobby, Matthew ^b   Marsham, John H ^b  

^a IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADSORPTION; AEROSOL; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; CLEAR SKY; DUST; METEOSAT; OPTICAL DEPTH; RADIATIVE TRANSFER;

SAHARA;

VULPES ZERDA;

EID: 84921324798     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: 21562202     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/2014JD022077     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Allan, R. P., M. J. Woodage, S. F. Milton, M. E. Brooks, and J. M. Haywood (2011), Examination of long-wave radiative bias in general circulation models over North Africa during May–July, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 137, 1179–1192, doi:10.1002/qj.717.
2. Allen, C. J. T., R. Washington, and S. Engelstaedter (2013), Dust emission and transport mechanisms in the central Sahara: Fennec ground-based observations from Bordj Badji Mokhtar, June 2011, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 118, 6212–6232, doi:10.1002/jgrd.50534.
3. Anderson, G. P., et al. (2000), MODTRAN4: Radiative transfer modeling for remote sensing, in Algorithms for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery VI, edited by S. S. Chen, and M. R. Descour, Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 4049, 176–183, Orlando, Fla., doi:10.1117/12.410338.
4. Ansell, C., H. E. Brindley, Y. Pradhan, and R. Saunders (2014), Mineral dust aerosol net direct radiative effect during GERBILS field campaign period derived from SEVIRI and GERB, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 119, 4070–4086, doi:10.1002/2013JD020681.
5. Ansmann, A., A. Petzold, K. Kandler, I. Tegen, M. Wendisch, D. Müller, B. Weinzierl, T. Müller, and J. Heintzenberg (2011), Saharan Mineral Dust Experiments SAMUM-1 and SAMUM-2: What have we learned?, Tellus B, 63, 403–429, doi:10.1111/j.1600-0889.2011.00555.x.
6. Ashpole, I., and R. Washington (2012), An automated dust detection using SEVIRI: A multi-year climatology of summertime dustiness in the central and western Sahara, J. Geophys. Res., 117, D08202, doi:10.1029/2011JD016845.
7. Banks, J. R., and H. E. Brindley (2013), Evaluation of MSG-SEVIRI mineral dust retrieval products over North Africa and the Middle East, Remote Sens. Environ., 128, 58–73, doi:10.1016/j.rse.2012.07.017.
8. Banks, J. R., H. E. Brindley, C. Flamant, M. J. Garay, N. C. Hsu, O. V. Kalashnikova, L. Klüser, and A. M. Sayer (2013), Intercomparison of satellite dust retrieval products over the west African Sahara during the Fennec campaign in June 2011, Remote Sens. Environ., 136, 99–116, doi:10.1016/j.rse.2013.05.003.
9. BouKaram, D., C. Flamant, P. Knippertz, O. Reitebuch, P. Pelon, M. Chong, and A. Dabas (2008), Dust emissions over the Sahel associated with the West African Monsoon inter-tropical discontinuity region: A representative case study, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 134(632), 621–634, doi:10.1002/qj.244.
10. Brindley, H. E. (2007), Estimating the top-of-atmosphere longwave radiative forcing due to Saharan dust from satellite observations over a west African surface site, Atmos. Sci. Lett., 8, 74–79, doi:10.1002/asl.155.
11. Brindley, H. E., and J. E. Russell (2009), An assessment of Saharan dust loading and the corresponding cloud-free longwave direct radiative effect from geostationary satellite observations, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D23201, doi:10.1029/2008JD011635.
12. Christopher, S. A., J. Wang, Q. Ji, and S.-C. Tsay (2003), Estimation of diurnal shortwave dust aerosol radiative forcing during PRIDE, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D19), doi:10.1029/2002JD002787.
13. Clerbaux, N., S. Dewitte, L. Gonzalez, C. Bertrand, B. Nicula, and A. Ipe (2003), Outgoing longwave flux estimation: Improvement of angular modelling using spectral information, Remote Sens. Environ., 85(3), 389–395, doi:10.1016/S0034-4257(03)00015-4.
14. Dee, D. P., et al. (2011), The ERA-Interim reanalysis: Configuration and performance of the data assimilation system, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 137, 553–597, doi:10.1002/qj.828.
15. Derrien, M., and H. L. Gléau (2005), MSG/SEVIRI cloud mask and type from SAFNWC, Int. J. Remote Sens., 26(21), 4707–4732, doi:10.1080/01431160500166128.
16. Dewitte, S., L. Gonzalez, N. Clerbaux, A. Ipe, C. Bertrand, and B. D. Paepe (2008), The Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget Edition 1 data processing algorithms, Adv. Space Res., 41, 1906–913, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2007.07.042.
17. Dubovik, O., B. Holben, T. F. Eck, A. Smirnov, Y. J. Kaufman, M. D. King, D. Tanré, and I. Slutsker (2002), Variability of absorption and optical properties of key aerosol types observed in worldwide locations, J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 590–608, doi:10.1175/1520-0469(2002)059<0590:VOAAOP>2.0.CO;2.
18. Eck, T. F., B. N. Holben, J. S. Reid, O. Dubovik, A. Smirnov, N. T. O’Neill, I. Slutsker, and S. Kinne (1999), Wavelength dependence of the optical depth of biomass burning, urban, and desert dust aerosols, J, Geophys. Res., 104(D24), 31,333–31,349, doi:10.1029/1999JD900923.
19. Engelstaedter, S., I. Tegen, and R. Washington (2006), North African dust emissions and transport, Earth Sci. Rev., 79, 73–100, doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2006.06.004.
20. Garcia-Carreras, L., J. H. Marsham, D. J. Parker, C. L. Bain, S. Milton, A. Saci, M. Salah-Ferroudj, B. Ouchene, and R. Washington (2013), The impact of convective cold pool outflows on model biases in the Sahara, Geophys. Res. Lett., 40, 1647–1652, doi:10.1002/grl.50239.
21. Harries, J. E., et al. (2005), The geostationary earth radiation budget project, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 86, 945–960, doi:10.1175/BAMS-86-7-945.
22. Haywood, J. M., P. N. Francis, M. D. Glew, and J. P. Taylor (2001), Optical properties and direct radiative effect of saharan dust: A case study of two Saharan dust outbreaks using aircraft data, J. Geophys. Res., 106(D16), 18,417–18,430, doi:10.1029/2000JD900319.
23. Haywood, J. M., R. P. Allan, I. Culverwell, T. Slingo, S. Milton, J. Edwards, and N. Clerbaux (2005), Can desert dust explain the outgoing longwave radiation anomaly over the Sahara during July 2003?, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D05105, doi:10.1029/2004JD005232.
24. Haywood, J. M., et al. (2011), Motivation, rationale and key results from the GERBILS Saharan dust measurement campaign, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 137, 1106–1116, doi:10.1002/qj.797.
25. Highwood, E. J., J. M. Haywood, M. D. Silverstone, S. M. Newman, and J. P. Taylor (2003), Radiative properties and direct effect of Saharan dust measured by the C-130 aircraft during Saharan Dust Experiment (SHADE): 2. Terrestrial spectrum, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D18), 8578, doi:10.1029/2002JD002552.
26. Hobby, M., et al. (2013), The Fennec Automatic Weather Station (AWS) Network: Monitoring the Saharan climate system, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 30(4), 709–724, doi:10.1175/JTECH-D-12-00037.1.
27. Holben, B. N., et al. (1998), AERONET—A federated instrument network and data archive for aerosol characterization, Remote Sens. Environ., 66(1), 1–16, doi:10.1016/S0034-4257(98)00031-5.
28. Hsu, N. C., J. R. Herman, and C. Weaver (2000), Determination of radiative forcing of Saharan dust using combined TOMS and ERBE data, J. Geophys. Res., 105(D16), 20,649–20,661, doi:10.1029/2000JD900150.
29. Knippertz, P., and M. C. Todd (2012), Mineral dust aerosols over the Sahara: Meteorological controls on emission and transport and implications for modeling, Rev. Geophys., 50, RG1007, doi:10.1029/2011RG000362.
30. Knippertz, P., J. Trentmann, and A. Seifert (2009), High-resolution simulations of convective cold pools over the northwestern Sahara, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D08110, doi:10.1029/2008JD011271.
31. Kocha, C., P. Tulet, J.-P. Lafore, and C. Flamant (2013), the importance of the diurnal cycle of aerosol optical depth in West Africa, Geophys. Res. Lett., 40, 785–790, doi:10.1002/grl.50143.
32. Lensky, I. M., and D. Rosenfeld (2008), Clouds-Aerosols-Precipitation Satellite Analysis Tool (CAPSAT), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 6739–6753, doi:10.5194/acp-8-6739-2008.
33. Loeb, N. G., N. Manalo-Smith, S. Kato, W. F. Miller, S. K. Gupta, P. Minnis, and B. A. Wielicki (2003), Angular distribution models for top-of-atmosphere radiative flux estimation from the clouds and the earths radiant energy system instrument on the tropical rainfall measuring mission satellite. Part I: Methodology, J. Appl. Meteorol., 42(2), 240–265, doi:10.1175/1520-0450(2003)042<0240:ADMFTO>2.0.CO;2.
34. Marsham, J. H., D. J. Parker, C. M. Grams, C. M. Taylor, and J. M. Haywood (2008), Uplift of Saharan dust south of the intertropical discontinuity, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D21102, doi:10.1029/2008JD009844.
35. Marsham, J. H., P. Knippertz, N. S. Dixon, D. J. Parker, and G. M. S. Lister (2011), The importance of the representation of deep convection for modeled dustłgenerating winds over West Africa during summer, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L16803, doi:10.1029/2011GL048368.
36. Marsham, J. H., et al. (2013), Meteorology and dust in the central Sahara: Observations from Fennec supersite-1 during the June 2011 intensive observation period, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 118, 4069–4089, doi:10.1002/jgrd.50211.
37. McFarlane, S. A., E. I. Kassianov, J. Barnard, C. Flynn, and T. P. Ackerman (2009), Surface shortwave aerosol radiative forcing during the atmospheric radiation measurement mobile facility deployment in Niamey, Niger, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D00E06, doi:10.1029/2008JD010491.
38. Milton, S. F., G. Greed, M. E. Brooks, J. Haywood, B. Johnson, R. P. Allan, A. Slingo, and W. M. F. Grey (2008), Modeled and observed atmospheric radiation balance during the West African dry season: Role of mineral dust, biomass burning aerosol, and surface albedo, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D00C02, doi:10.1029/2007JD009741.
39. Ogawa, K., T. Schmugge, and S. Rokugawa (2008), Estimating broadband emissivity of arid regions and its seasonal variations using thermal infrared remote sensing, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 46(2), 334–343, doi:10.1109/TGRS.2007.913213.
40. Podgorny, I. A., W. Conant, V. Ramanathan, and S. K. Satheesh (2000), Aerosol modulation of atmospheric and surface solar heating over the tropical Indian Ocean, Tellus B, 52(3), 947–958, doi:10.1034/j.1600-0889.2000.d01-4.x.
41. Prospero, J. M., P. Ginoux, O. Torres, S. E. Nicholson, and T. E. Gill (2002), Environmental characteristics of global sources of atmospheric soil dust identified with the Nimbus 7 Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) absorbing aerosol product, Rev. Geophys., 40(1), 1002, doi:10.1029/2000RG000095.
42. Quijano, A. L., I. N. Sokolik, and O. B. Toon (2000), Radiative heating rates and direct radiative forcing by mineral dust in cloudy atmospheric conditions, J. Geophys. Res., 105(D10), 12,207–12,219, doi:10.1029/2000JD900047.
43. Ricchiazzi, P., S. Yang, C. Gautier, and D. Sowle (1998), SBDART: A research and teaching software tool for plane-parallel radiative transfer in the earth’s atmosphere, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 79(10), 2101–2114, doi:10.1175/1520-0477(1998)079<2101:SARATS>2.0.CO;2.
44. Rodwell, M. J., and T. Jung (2008), Understanding the local and global impacts of model physics changes: An aerosol example, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 134, 1479–1497, doi:10.1002/qj.298.
45. Russell, P. B., S. A. Kinne, and R. W. Bergstrom (1997), Aerosol climate effects: Local radiative forcing and column closure experiments, J. Geophys. Res., 102(D8), 9397–9407, doi:10.1029/97JD00112.
46. Ryder, C. L., et al. (2013a), Optical properties of Saharan dust aerosol and contribution from the coarse mode as measured during the Fennec 2011 aircraft campaign, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 13, 303–325, doi:10.5194/acp-13-303-2013.
47. Ryder, C. L., E. J. Highwood, T. M. Lai, H. Sodemann, and J. H. Marsham (2013b), Impact of atmospheric transport on the evolution of microphysical and optical properties of Saharan dust, Geophys. Res. Lett., 40, 2433–2438, doi:10.1002/grl.50482.
48. Schepanski, K., I. Tegen, M. C. Todd, B. Heinold, G. Bönisch, B. Laurent, and A. Macke (2009), Meteorological processes forcing Saharan dust emission inferred from MSG-SEVIRI observations of subdaily dust source activation and numerical models, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D10201, doi:10.1029/2008JD010325.
49. Schmetz, J., P. Pili, S. Tjemkes, D. Just, J. Kerkmann, S. Rota, and A. Ratier (2002), An introduction to Meteosat Second Generation (MSG), Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 83, 977–992, doi:10.1175/1520-0477(2002)083<0977:AITMSG>2.3.CO;2.
50. Sicard, M., S. Bertolín, M. Mallet, P. Dubuisson, and A. Comerón (2014), Estimation of mineral dust long-wave radiative forcing: Sensitivity study to particle properties and application to real cases in the region of Barcelona, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 9213–9231, doi:10.5194/acp-14-9213-2014.
51. Slingo, A., et al. (2006), Observations of the impact of a major Saharan dust storm on the atmospheric radiation balance, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L24817, doi:10.1029/2006GL027869.
52. Slingo, A., H. E. White, N. A. Bharmal, and G. J. Robinson (2009), Overview of observations from the RADAGAST experiment in Niamey, Niger: 2. Radiative fluxes and divergences, J. Geophys. Res., 14, D00E04, doi:10.1029/2008JD010497.
53. Todd, M. C., et al. (2013), Meteorological and dust aerosol conditions over the western Saharan region observed at Fennec supersite-2 during the intensive observation period in June 2011, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 118, 8426–8447, doi:10.1002/jgrd.50470.
54. Tompkins, A. M., C. Cardinali, J.-J. Morcrette, and M. Rodwell (2005), Influence of aerosol climatology on forecasts of the African Easterly Jet, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L10801, doi:10.1029/2004GL022189.
55. Wang, J., S. A. Christopher, J. S. Reid, H. Maring, D. Savoie, B. N. Holben, J. M. Livingston, P. B. Russell, and S.-K. Yang (2003), GOES 8 retrieval of dust aerosol optical thickness over the Atlantic Ocean during PRIDE, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D19), 8595, doi:10.1029/2002JD002494.
56. Wang, Z., M. Barlage, X. Zeng, R. E. Dickinson, and C. B. Schaaf (2005), The solar zenith angle dependence of desert albedo, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L05403, doi:10.1029/2004GL021835.
57. Washington, R., M. C. Todd, S. Engelstaedter, S. Mbainayel, and F. Mitchell (2006), Dust and the low-level circulation over the Bodélé Depression, Chad: Observations from BoDEx 2005, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D03201, doi:10.1029/2005JD006502.
58. Washington, R., et al. (2012), Fennec—The Saharan climate system, CLIVAR Exchanges, 60(17), 31–33.
59. Wielicki, B. A., B. R. Barkstrom, E. F. Harrison, R. B. Lee, G. L. Smith, and J. E. Cooper (1996), Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES): An earth observing system experiment, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 77(5), 853–868, doi:10.1175/1520-0477(1996)077<0853:CATERE>2.0.CO;2.