메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 33, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 19-37

Treatment strategies in early and advanced Parkinson disease

Author keywords

Continuous dopaminergic stimulation; Dopamine agonists; Dyskinesia; Hypokinesia; Levodopa; Parkinson's disease

Indexed keywords

AMANTADINE; ANTIPARKINSON AGENT; BUDIPINE; CATECHOL METHYLTRANSFERASE; CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; DOPAMINE RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; LEVODOPA; MONOAMINE OXIDASE B INHIBITOR;

EID: 84918556447     PISSN: 07338619     EISSN: 15579875     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ncl.2014.09.009     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (28)

References (74)
  • 1
    • 0037333666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Staging of brain pathology related to sporadic Parkinson's disease
    • Braak H, Del Tredici K, Rub U, et al. Staging of brain pathology related to sporadic Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2003;24(2):197-211.
    • (2003) Neurobiol Aging , vol.24 , Issue.2 , pp. 197-211
    • Braak, H.1    Del Tredici, K.2    Rub, U.3
  • 2
    • 0036392590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Staging of the intracerebral inclusion body pathology associated with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (preclinical and clinical stages)
    • 3
    • Braak H, Del Tredici K, Bratzke H, et al. Staging of the intracerebral inclusion body pathology associated with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (preclinical and clinical stages). J Neurol 2002;249(Suppl 3):III/1-5.
    • (2002) J Neurol , vol.249 , pp. 1-5
    • Braak, H.1    Del Tredici, K.2    Bratzke, H.3
  • 3
    • 67650753670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of smell loss in Parkinson's disease-a multicenter study
    • Haehner A, Boesveldt S, Berendse HW, et al. Prevalence of smell loss in Parkinson's disease-a multicenter study. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2009;15(7):490-4.
    • (2009) Parkinsonism Relat Disord , vol.15 , Issue.7 , pp. 490-494
    • Haehner, A.1    Boesveldt, S.2    Berendse, H.W.3
  • 4
    • 78649452603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A basic smell test is as sensitive as a dopamine transporter scan: comparison of olfaction, taste and DaTSCAN in the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease
    • Deeb J, Shah M, Muhammed N, et al. A basic smell test is as sensitive as a dopamine transporter scan: comparison of olfaction, taste and DaTSCAN in the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. QJM 2010;103(12):941-52.
    • (2010) QJM , vol.103 , Issue.12 , pp. 941-952
    • Deeb, J.1    Shah, M.2    Muhammed, N.3
  • 5
    • 78751491530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular dysautonomia in de novo Parkinson's disease without orthostatic hypotension
    • Oka H, Toyoda C, Yogo M, et al. Cardiovascular dysautonomia in de novo Parkinson's disease without orthostatic hypotension. Eur J Neurol 2011;18(2):286-92.
    • (2011) Eur J Neurol , vol.18 , Issue.2 , pp. 286-292
    • Oka, H.1    Toyoda, C.2    Yogo, M.3
  • 6
    • 0037087168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • REM sleep behavior disorder: clinical, developmental, and neuroscience perspectives 16 years after its formal identification in SLEEP
    • Schenck CH, Mahowald MW. REM sleep behavior disorder: clinical, developmental, and neuroscience perspectives 16 years after its formal identification in SLEEP. Sleep 2002;25(2):120-38.
    • (2002) Sleep , vol.25 , Issue.2 , pp. 120-138
    • Schenck, C.H.1    Mahowald, M.W.2
  • 7
    • 84881548028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder: devising controlled active treatment studies for symptomatic and neuroprotective therapy-a consensus statement from the International Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder Study Group
    • Schenck CH, Montplaisir JY, Frauscher B, et al. Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder: devising controlled active treatment studies for symptomatic and neuroprotective therapy-a consensus statement from the International Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder Study Group. Sleep Med 2013;14(8): 795-806.
    • (2013) Sleep Med , vol.14 , Issue.8 , pp. 795-806
    • Schenck, C.H.1    Montplaisir, J.Y.2    Frauscher, B.3
  • 8
    • 33744991945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid-eye-movement sleep behaviour disorder as an early marker for a neurodegenerative disorder: a descriptive study
    • Iranzo A, Molinuevo JL, Santamaria J, et al. Rapid-eye-movement sleep behaviour disorder as an early marker for a neurodegenerative disorder: a descriptive study. Lancet Neurol 2006;5(7):572-7.
    • (2006) Lancet Neurol , vol.5 , Issue.7 , pp. 572-577
    • Iranzo, A.1    Molinuevo, J.L.2    Santamaria, J.3
  • 9
    • 85047682144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantifying the risk of neurodegenerative disease in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder.
    • Postuma RB, Gagnon JF, Vendette M, et al. Quantifying the risk of neurodegenerative disease in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder. Neurology 2009; 72(15):1296-300.
    • (2009) Neurology , vol.72 , Issue.15 , pp. 1296-1300
    • Postuma, R.B.1    Gagnon, J.F.2    Vendette, M.3
  • 10
    • 84876486037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurodegenerative disease status and postmortem pathology in idiopathic rapid-eye-movement sleep behaviour disorder: an observational cohort study
    • Iranzo A, Tolosa E, Gelpi E, et al. Neurodegenerative disease status and postmortem pathology in idiopathic rapid-eye-movement sleep behaviour disorder: an observational cohort study. Lancet Neurol 2013;12(5):443-53.
    • (2013) Lancet Neurol , vol.12 , Issue.5 , pp. 443-453
    • Iranzo, A.1    Tolosa, E.2    Gelpi, E.3
  • 11
    • 25444486087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anosmia is very common in the Lewy body variant of Alzheimer's disease
    • Olichney JM, Murphy C, Hofstetter CR, et al. Anosmia is very common in the Lewy body variant of Alzheimer's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr 2005; 76(10):1342-7.
    • (2005) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr , vol.76 , Issue.10 , pp. 1342-1347
    • Olichney, J.M.1    Murphy, C.2    Hofstetter, C.R.3
  • 12
    • 84881549418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morbidities in rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder
    • Jennum P, Mayer G, Ju YE, Postuma R. Morbidities in rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder. Sleep Med 2013;14(8):782-7.
    • (2013) Sleep Med , vol.14 , Issue.8 , pp. 782-787
    • Jennum, P.1    Mayer, G.2    Ju, Y.E.3    Postuma, R.4
  • 13
    • 77749245945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Best practice guide for the treatment of REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD)
    • Aurora RN, Zak RS, Maganti RK, et al. Best practice guide for the treatment of REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD). J Clin Sleep Med 2010;6(1):85-95.
    • (2010) J Clin Sleep Med , vol.6 , Issue.1 , pp. 85-95
    • Aurora, R.N.1    Zak, R.S.2    Maganti, R.K.3
  • 14
    • 84893368046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A meta-analysis of randomised placebocontrolled treatment trials for depression and anxiety in Parkinson's disease
    • Troeung L, Egan SJ, Gasson N. A meta-analysis of randomised placebocontrolled treatment trials for depression and anxiety in Parkinson's disease. PLoS One 2013;8(11):e79510.
    • (2013) PLoS One , vol.8 , Issue.11 , pp. e79510
    • Troeung, L.1    Egan, S.J.2    Gasson, N.3
  • 15
    • 84884875794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative efficacy and acceptability of antidepressants in Parkinson's disease: a network meta-analysis
    • Liu J, Dong J, Wang L, et al. Comparative efficacy and acceptability of antidepressants in Parkinson's disease: a network meta-analysis. PLoS One 2013; 8(10):e76651.
    • (2013) PLoS One , vol.8 , Issue.10 , pp. e76651
    • Liu, J.1    Dong, J.2    Wang, L.3
  • 16
    • 0029935219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiologic observations on Parkinson's disease: incidence and mortality in a prospective study of middle-aged men
    • Morens DM, Davis JW, Grandinetti A, et al. Epidemiologic observations on Parkinson's disease: incidence and mortality in a prospective study of middle-aged men. Neurology 1996;46(4):1044-50.
    • (1996) Neurology , vol.46 , Issue.4 , pp. 1044-1050
    • Morens, D.M.1    Davis, J.W.2    Grandinetti, A.3
  • 17
    • 0014082977 scopus 로고
    • Parkinsonism: onset, progression and mortality
    • Hoehn MM, Yahr MD. Parkinsonism: onset, progression and mortality. Neurology 1967;17(5):427-42.
    • (1967) Neurology , vol.17 , Issue.5 , pp. 427-442
    • Hoehn, M.M.1    Yahr, M.D.2
  • 18
    • 3242668754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress to dopaminergic neurons as models of Parkinson's disease
    • Gille G, Hung ST, Reichmann H, et al. Oxidative stress to dopaminergic neurons as models of Parkinson's disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2004;1018:533-40.
    • (2004) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.1018 , pp. 533-540
    • Gille, G.1    Hung, S.T.2    Reichmann, H.3
  • 19
    • 0025063462 scopus 로고
    • Toxicity of 6-hydroxydopamine and dopamine for dopaminergic neurons in culture
    • Michel PP, Hefti F. Toxicity of 6-hydroxydopamine and dopamine for dopaminergic neurons in culture. J Neurosci Res 1990;26(4):428-35.
    • (1990) J Neurosci Res , vol.26 , Issue.4 , pp. 428-435
    • Michel, P.P.1    Hefti, F.2
  • 20
    • 19744378296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levodopa and the progression of Parkinson's disease
    • Fahn S, Oakes D, Shoulson I, et al. Levodopa and the progression of Parkinson's disease. N Engl J Med 2004;351(24):2498-508.
    • (2004) N Engl J Med , vol.351 , Issue.24 , pp. 2498-2508
    • Fahn, S.1    Oakes, D.2    Shoulson, I.3
  • 21
    • 33746105694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous dopamine-receptor treatment of Parkinson's disease: scientific rationale and clinical implications
    • Olanow CW, Obeso JA, Stocchi F. Continuous dopamine-receptor treatment of Parkinson's disease: scientific rationale and clinical implications. Lancet Neurol 2006;5(8):677-87.
    • (2006) Lancet Neurol , vol.5 , Issue.8 , pp. 677-687
    • Olanow, C.W.1    Obeso, J.A.2    Stocchi, F.3
  • 22
    • 84938465236 scopus 로고
    • Early development of levodopa-induced dyskinesias and response fluctuations in young-onset Parkinson's disease
    • Kostic V, Przedborski S, Flaster E, et al. Early development of levodopa-induced dyskinesias and response fluctuations in young-onset Parkinson's disease. Neurology 1991;41(2 (Pt 1)):202-5.
    • (1991) Neurology , vol.41 , Issue.2 , pp. 202-205
    • Kostic, V.1    Przedborski, S.2    Flaster, E.3
  • 23
    • 33646686620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selegiline slows the progression of the symptoms of Parkinson disease
    • Palhagen S, Heinonen E, Hagglund J, et al. Selegiline slows the progression of the symptoms of Parkinson disease. Neurology 2006;66(8):1200-6.
    • (2006) Neurology , vol.66 , Issue.8 , pp. 1200-1206
    • Palhagen, S.1    Heinonen, E.2    Hagglund, J.3
  • 24
    • 0036894795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A controlled trial of rasagiline in early Parkinson disease: the TEMPO Study
    • Parkinson Study Group. A controlled trial of rasagiline in early Parkinson disease: the TEMPO Study. Arch Neurol 2002;59(12):1937-43.
    • (2002) Arch Neurol , vol.59 , Issue.12 , pp. 1937-1943
  • 25
    • 67651165337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term outcome of early versus delayed rasagiline treatment in early Parkinson's disease
    • Hauser RA, Lew MF, Hurtig HI, et al. Long-term outcome of early versus delayed rasagiline treatment in early Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2009;24(4):564-73.
    • (2009) Mov Disord , vol.24 , Issue.4 , pp. 564-573
    • Hauser, R.A.1    Lew, M.F.2    Hurtig, H.I.3
  • 26
    • 79954706259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A double-blind, delayed-start trial of rasagiline in Parkinson's disease (the ADAGIO study): prespecified and posthoc analyses of the need for additional therapies, changes in UPDRS scores, and non-motor outcomes
    • Rascol O, Fitzer-Attas CJ, Hauser R, et al. A double-blind, delayed-start trial of rasagiline in Parkinson's disease (the ADAGIO study): prespecified and posthoc analyses of the need for additional therapies, changes in UPDRS scores, and non-motor outcomes. Lancet Neurol 2011;10(5):415-23.
    • (2011) Lancet Neurol , vol.10 , Issue.5 , pp. 415-423
    • Rascol, O.1    Fitzer-Attas, C.J.2    Hauser, R.3
  • 27
    • 70349456475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A double-blind, delayed-start trial of rasagiline in Parkinson's disease
    • Olanow CW, Rascol O, Hauser R, et al. A double-blind, delayed-start trial of rasagiline in Parkinson's disease. N Engl J Med 2009;361(13):1268-78.
    • (2009) N Engl J Med , vol.361 , Issue.13 , pp. 1268-1278
    • Olanow, C.W.1    Rascol, O.2    Hauser, R.3
  • 28
    • 13444302612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized placebo-controlled trial of rasagiline in levodopa-treated patients with Parkinson disease and motor fluctuations: the PRESTO study
    • Parkinson Study Group. A randomized placebo-controlled trial of rasagiline in levodopa-treated patients with Parkinson disease and motor fluctuations: the PRESTO study. Arch Neurol 2005;62(2):241-8.
    • (2005) Arch Neurol , vol.62 , Issue.2 , pp. 241-248
  • 29
    • 81855207343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of rasagiline as adjunct therapy to levodopa on severity of OFF in Parkinson's disease
    • Stocchi F, Rabey JM. Effect of rasagiline as adjunct therapy to levodopa on severity of OFF in Parkinson's disease. Eur J Neurol 2011;18(12):1373-8.
    • (2011) Eur J Neurol , vol.18 , Issue.12 , pp. 1373-1378
    • Stocchi, F.1    Rabey, J.M.2
  • 30
    • 15844386001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rasagiline as an adjunct to levodopa in patients with Parkinson's disease and motor fluctuations (LARGO, Lasting effect in Adjunct therapy with Rasagiline Given Once daily, study): a randomised, double-blind, parallel-group trial
    • Rascol O, Brooks DJ, Melamed E, et al. Rasagiline as an adjunct to levodopa in patients with Parkinson's disease and motor fluctuations (LARGO, Lasting effect in Adjunct therapy with Rasagiline Given Once daily, study): a randomised, double-blind, parallel-group trial. Lancet 2005;365(9463):947-54.
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.365 , Issue.9463 , pp. 947-954
    • Rascol, O.1    Brooks, D.J.2    Melamed, E.3
  • 31
    • 84921705486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors for levodopa-induced complications in Parkinson's disease
    • CD004554
    • Deane KH, Spieker S, Clarke CE. Catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors for levodopa-induced complications in Parkinson's disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004;(4):CD004554.
    • (2004) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.4
    • Deane, K.H.1    Spieker, S.2    Clarke, C.E.3
  • 32
    • 0030778373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parkinson Study Group
    • Entacapone improves motor fluctuations in levodopa-treated Parkinson's disease patients. Parkinson Study Group. Ann Neurol 1997;42(5):747-55.
    • (1997) Ann Neurol , vol.42 , Issue.5 , pp. 747-755
  • 33
    • 77954043228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Initiating levodopa/carbidopa therapy with and without entacapone in early Parkinson disease: the STRIDE-PD study
    • Stocchi F, Rascol O, Kieburtz K, et al. Initiating levodopa/carbidopa therapy with and without entacapone in early Parkinson disease: the STRIDE-PD study. Ann Neurol 2010;68(1):18-27.
    • (2010) Ann Neurol , vol.68 , Issue.1 , pp. 18-27
    • Stocchi, F.1    Rascol, O.2    Kieburtz, K.3
  • 34
    • 84871664480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Summary of the recommendations of the EFNS/MDS-ES review on therapeutic management of Parkinson's disease
    • Ferreira JJ, Katzenschlager R, Bloem BR, et al. Summary of the recommendations of the EFNS/MDS-ES review on therapeutic management of Parkinson's disease. Eur J Neurol 2013;20(1):5-15.
    • (2013) Eur J Neurol , vol.20 , Issue.1 , pp. 5-15
    • Ferreira, J.J.1    Katzenschlager, R.2    Bloem, B.R.3
  • 35
    • 33750466207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Budipine in Parkinson's tremor
    • Reichmann H. Budipine in Parkinson's tremor. J Neurol Sci 2006;248(1-2):53-5.
    • (2006) J Neurol Sci , vol.248 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 53-55
    • Reichmann, H.1
  • 36
    • 18344398824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anticholinergics for symptomatic management of Parkinson's disease
    • CD003735
    • Katzenschlager R, Sampaio C, Costa J, et al. Anticholinergics for symptomatic management of Parkinson's disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003;(2):CD003735.
    • (2003) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.2
    • Katzenschlager, R.1    Sampaio, C.2    Costa, J.3
  • 37
    • 0033525427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotection by pramipexole against dopamine- and levodopa-induced cytotoxicity
    • Zou L, Jankovic J, Rowe DB, et al. Neuroprotection by pramipexole against dopamine- and levodopa-induced cytotoxicity. Life Sci 1999;64(15):1275-85.
    • (1999) Life Sci , vol.64 , Issue.15 , pp. 1275-1285
    • Zou, L.1    Jankovic, J.2    Rowe, D.B.3
  • 38
    • 0033554203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine D2 receptor-mediated antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of ropinirole, a dopamine agonist
    • Iida M, Miyazaki I, Tanaka K, et al. Dopamine D2 receptor-mediated antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of ropinirole, a dopamine agonist. Brain Res 1999; 838(1-2):51-9.
    • (1999) Brain Res , vol.838 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 51-59
    • Iida, M.1    Miyazaki, I.2    Tanaka, K.3
  • 39
    • 79951477585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rotigotine effects on early morning motor function and sleep in Parkinson's disease: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study (RECOVER)
    • Trenkwalder C, Kies B, Rudzinska M, et al. Rotigotine effects on early morning motor function and sleep in Parkinson's disease: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study (RECOVER). Mov Disord 2011;26(1):90-9.
    • (2011) Mov Disord , vol.26 , Issue.1 , pp. 90-99
    • Trenkwalder, C.1    Kies, B.2    Rudzinska, M.3
  • 40
    • 0034684139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pramipexole vs levodopa as initial treatment for Parkinson disease: a randomized controlled trial
    • Parkinson Study Group. Pramipexole vs levodopa as initial treatment for Parkinson disease: a randomized controlled trial. Parkinson Study Group. JAMA 2000;284(15):1931-8.
    • (2000) Parkinson Study Group. JAMA , vol.284 , Issue.15 , pp. 1931-1938
  • 41
    • 0034682308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A five-year study of the incidence of dyskinesia in patients with early Parkinson's disease who were treated with ropinirole or levodopa
    • Rascol O, Brooks DJ, Korczyn AD, et al. A five-year study of the incidence of dyskinesia in patients with early Parkinson's disease who were treated with ropinirole or levodopa. 056 Study Group. N Engl J Med 2000;342(20):1484-91.
    • (2000) 056 Study Group. N Engl J Med , vol.342 , Issue.20 , pp. 1484-1491
    • Rascol, O.1    Brooks, D.J.2    Korczyn, A.D.3
  • 42
    • 84875848859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impulse control disorders and compulsive behaviors associated with dopaminergic therapies in Parkinson disease
    • Weiss HD, Marsh L. Impulse control disorders and compulsive behaviors associated with dopaminergic therapies in Parkinson disease. Neurol Clin Pract 2012; 2(4):267-74.
    • (2012) Neurol Clin Pract , vol.2 , Issue.4 , pp. 267-274
    • Weiss, H.D.1    Marsh, L.2
  • 43
    • 77952545893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pramipexole for the treatment of depressive symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease: a randomised, double-blind, placebo- controlled trial
    • Barone P, Poewe W, Albrecht S, et al. Pramipexole for the treatment of depressive symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease: a randomised, double-blind, placebo- controlled trial. Lancet Neurol 2010;9(6):573-80.
    • (2010) Lancet Neurol , vol.9 , Issue.6 , pp. 573-580
    • Barone, P.1    Poewe, W.2    Albrecht, S.3
  • 44
    • 0025120302 scopus 로고
    • Subcutaneous apomorphine in the treatment of Parkinson's disease
    • Frankel JP, Lees AJ, Kempster PA, et al. Subcutaneous apomorphine in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr 1990;53(2):96-101.
    • (1990) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr , vol.53 , Issue.2 , pp. 96-101
    • Frankel, J.P.1    Lees, A.J.2    Kempster, P.A.3
  • 45
    • 1842575713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Practical considerations in the use of apomorphine injectable
    • Bowron A. Practical considerations in the use of apomorphine injectable. Neurology 2004;62(6 Suppl 4):S32-6.
    • (2004) Neurology , vol.62 , Issue.6 , pp. S32-S36
    • Bowron, A.1
  • 46
    • 4644329091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subcutaneous apomorphine: an evidencebased review of its use in Parkinson's disease
    • Deleu D, Hanssens Y, Northway MG. Subcutaneous apomorphine: an evidencebased review of its use in Parkinson's disease. Drugs Aging 2004;21(11): 687-709.
    • (2004) Drugs Aging , vol.21 , Issue.11 , pp. 687-709
    • Deleu, D.1    Hanssens, Y.2    Northway, M.G.3
  • 47
    • 0035125765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous apomorphine therapy in Parkinson's disease: clinical and pharmacokinetic observations
    • Manson AJ, Hanagasi H, Turner K, et al. Intravenous apomorphine therapy in Parkinson's disease: clinical and pharmacokinetic observations. Brain 2001;124(Pt 2): 331-40.
    • (2001) Brain , vol.124 , pp. 331-340
    • Manson, A.J.1    Hanagasi, H.2    Turner, K.3
  • 48
    • 0034939127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subcutaneous continuous apomorphine infusion in fluctuating patients with Parkinson's disease: long-term results
    • Stocchi F, Vacca L, De Pandis MF, et al. Subcutaneous continuous apomorphine infusion in fluctuating patients with Parkinson's disease: long-term results. Neurol Sci 2001;22(1):93-4.
    • (2001) Neurol Sci , vol.22 , Issue.1 , pp. 93-94
    • Stocchi, F.1    Vacca, L.2    De Pandis, M.F.3
  • 49
    • 40449100110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Duodenal levodopa infusion improves quality of life in advanced Parkinson's disease
    • Antonini A, Mancini F, Canesi M, et al. Duodenal levodopa infusion improves quality of life in advanced Parkinson's disease. Neurodegener Dis 2008;5(3-4):244-6.
    • (2008) Neurodegener Dis , vol.5 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 244-246
    • Antonini, A.1    Mancini, F.2    Canesi, M.3
  • 50
    • 44649127437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous jejunal levodopa infusion in patients with advanced Parkinson disease: practical aspects and outcome of motor and non-motor complications
    • Eggert K, Schrader C, Hahn M, et al. Continuous jejunal levodopa infusion in patients with advanced Parkinson disease: practical aspects and outcome of motor and non-motor complications. Clin Neuropharmacol 2008;31(3):151-66.
    • (2008) Clin Neuropharmacol , vol.31 , Issue.3 , pp. 151-166
    • Eggert, K.1    Schrader, C.2    Hahn, M.3
  • 51
    • 69849090592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intrajejunal levodopa infusion in Parkinson's disease: a pilot multicenter study of effects on nonmotor symptoms and quality of life
    • Honig H, Antonini A, Martinez-Martin P, et al. Intrajejunal levodopa infusion in Parkinson's disease: a pilot multicenter study of effects on nonmotor symptoms and quality of life. Mov Disord 2009;24(10):1468-74.
    • (2009) Mov Disord , vol.24 , Issue.10 , pp. 1468-1474
    • Honig, H.1    Antonini, A.2    Martinez-Martin, P.3
  • 52
    • 0037167543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of effective bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation for PD
    • Charles PD, Van Blercom N, Krack P, et al. Predictors of effective bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation for PD. Neurology 2002;59(6):932-4.
    • (2002) Neurology , vol.59 , Issue.6 , pp. 932-934
    • Charles, P.D.1    Van Blercom, N.2    Krack, P.3
  • 53
    • 8844270229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation in Parkinson disease patients over age 70 years
    • Russmann H, Ghika J, Villemure JG, et al. Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation in Parkinson disease patients over age 70 years. Neurology 2004;63(10): 1952-4.
    • (2004) Neurology , vol.63 , Issue.10 , pp. 1952-1954
    • Russmann, H.1    Ghika, J.2    Villemure, J.G.3
  • 54
    • 0033770619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychological consequences of chronic bilateral stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson's disease
    • Saint-Cyr JA, Trepanier LL, Kumar R, et al. Neuropsychological consequences of chronic bilateral stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson's disease. Brain 2000;123(Pt 10):2091-108.
    • (2000) Brain , vol.123 , pp. 2091-2108
    • Saint-Cyr, J.A.1    Trepanier, L.L.2    Kumar, R.3
  • 55
    • 33745854279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation: summary and meta-analysis of outcomes
    • Kleiner-Fisman G, Herzog J, Fisman DN, et al. Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation: summary and meta-analysis of outcomes. Mov Disord 2006; 21(Suppl 14):S290-304.
    • (2006) Mov Disord , vol.21 , pp. S290-S304
    • Kleiner-Fisman, G.1    Herzog, J.2    Fisman, D.N.3
  • 56
    • 0242658923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Five-year follow-up of bilateral stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in advanced Parkinson's disease
    • Krack P, Batir A, Van Blercom N, et al. Five-year follow-up of bilateral stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in advanced Parkinson's disease. N Engl J Med 2003; 349(20):1925-34.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.349 , Issue.20 , pp. 1925-1934
    • Krack, P.1    Batir, A.2    Van Blercom, N.3
  • 57
    • 28144445276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson's disease: a 5 year follow up
    • Schupbach WM, Chastan N, Welter ML, et al. Stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson's disease: a 5 year follow up. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr 2005;76(12):1640-4.
    • (2005) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr , vol.76 , Issue.12 , pp. 1640-1644
    • Schupbach, W.M.1    Chastan, N.2    Welter, M.L.3
  • 58
    • 0035960120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deep-brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus or the pars interna of the globus pallidus in Parkinson's disease
    • Deep-Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's Disease Study Group. Deep-brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus or the pars interna of the globus pallidus in Parkinson's disease. N Engl J Med 2001;345(13):956-63.
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.345 , Issue.13 , pp. 956-963
  • 59
    • 0031732992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficiency and safety of bilateral contemporaneous pallidal stimulation (deep brain stimulation) in levodoparesponsive patients with Parkinson's disease with severe motor fluctuations: a 2-year follow-up review
    • Ghika J, Villemure JG, Fankhauser H, et al. Efficiency and safety of bilateral contemporaneous pallidal stimulation (deep brain stimulation) in levodoparesponsive patients with Parkinson's disease with severe motor fluctuations: a 2-year follow-up review. J Neurosurg 1998;89(5):713-8.
    • (1998) J Neurosurg , vol.89 , Issue.5 , pp. 713-718
    • Ghika, J.1    Villemure, J.G.2    Fankhauser, H.3
  • 60
    • 54949151575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multicentre study on suicide outcomes following subthalamic stimulation for Parkinson's disease
    • Voon V, Krack P, Lang AE, et al. A multicentre study on suicide outcomes following subthalamic stimulation for Parkinson's disease. Brain 2008;131(Pt 10): 2720-8.
    • (2008) Brain , vol.131 , pp. 2720-2728
    • Voon, V.1    Krack, P.2    Lang, A.E.3
  • 61
    • 0024457355 scopus 로고
    • Parkinson Study Group
    • DATATOP: a multicenter controlled clinical trial in early Parkinson's disease. Parkinson Study Group. Arch Neurol 1989;46(10):1052-60.
    • (1989) Arch Neurol , vol.46 , Issue.10 , pp. 1052-1060
  • 62
    • 0027291916 scopus 로고
    • Neurogenic orthostatic hypotension: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study with midodrine
    • Jankovic J, Gilden JL, Hiner BC, et al. Neurogenic orthostatic hypotension: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study with midodrine. Am J Med 1993;95(1): 38-48.
    • (1993) Am J Med , vol.95 , Issue.1 , pp. 38-48
    • Jankovic, J.1    Gilden, J.L.2    Hiner, B.C.3
  • 63
    • 34748866218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonpharmacological treatment, fludrocortisone, and domperidone for orthostatic hypotension in Parkinson's disease
    • Schoffer KL, Henderson RD, O'Maley K, et al. Nonpharmacological treatment, fludrocortisone, and domperidone for orthostatic hypotension in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2007;22(11):1543-9.
    • (2007) Mov Disord , vol.22 , Issue.11 , pp. 1543-1549
    • Schoffer, K.L.1    Henderson, R.D.2    O'Maley, K.3
  • 64
    • 0023032395 scopus 로고
    • Domperidone and Parkinson's disease
    • Parkes JD. Domperidone and Parkinson's disease. Clin Neuropharmacol 1986; 9(6):517-32.
    • (1986) Clin Neuropharmacol , vol.9 , Issue.6 , pp. 517-532
    • Parkes, J.D.1
  • 65
    • 67649583140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apomorphine in the treatment of Parkinson disease and other movement disorders
    • Gunzler SA. Apomorphine in the treatment of Parkinson disease and other movement disorders. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2009;10(6):1027-38.
    • (2009) Expert Opin Pharmacother , vol.10 , Issue.6 , pp. 1027-1038
    • Gunzler, S.A.1
  • 66
    • 78649948342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quetiapine in the treatment of psychosis in Parkinson's disease
    • Shotbolt P, Samuel M, David A. Quetiapine in the treatment of psychosis in Parkinson's disease. Ther Adv Neurol Disord 2010;3(6):339-50.
    • (2010) Ther Adv Neurol Disord , vol.3 , Issue.6 , pp. 339-350
    • Shotbolt, P.1    Samuel, M.2    David, A.3
  • 67
    • 80051500137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Movement Disorder Society evidencebased medicine review update: treatments for the non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease
    • Seppi K, Weintraub D, Coelho M, et al. The Movement Disorder Society evidencebased medicine review update: treatments for the non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2011;26(Suppl 3):S42-80.
    • (2011) Mov Disord , vol.26 , pp. S42-S80
    • Seppi, K.1    Weintraub, D.2    Coelho, M.3
  • 68
    • 79952200580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zonisamide in managing impulse control disorders in Parkinson's disease
    • Bermejo PE, Ruiz-Huete C, Anciones B. Zonisamide in managing impulse control disorders in Parkinson's disease. J Neurol 2010;257(10):1682-5.
    • (2010) J Neurol , vol.257 , Issue.10 , pp. 1682-1685
    • Bermejo, P.E.1    Ruiz-Huete, C.2    Anciones, B.3
  • 69
    • 79957961827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Valproate for the treatment of medicationinduced impulse-control disorders in three patients with Parkinson's disease
    • Hicks CW, Pandya MM, Itin I, et al. Valproate for the treatment of medicationinduced impulse-control disorders in three patients with Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2011;17(5):379-81.
    • (2011) Parkinsonism Relat Disord , vol.17 , Issue.5 , pp. 379-381
    • Hicks, C.W.1    Pandya, M.M.2    Itin, I.3
  • 70
    • 46949110020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topiramate in managing impulse control disorders in Parkinson's disease
    • Bermejo PE. Topiramate in managing impulse control disorders in Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2008;14(5):448-9.
    • (2008) Parkinsonism Relat Disord , vol.14 , Issue.5 , pp. 448-449
    • Bermejo, P.E.1
  • 71
    • 77956359289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathological gambling in Parkinson disease is reduced by amantadine
    • Thomas A, Bonanni L, Gambi F, et al. Pathological gambling in Parkinson disease is reduced by amantadine. Ann Neurol 2010;68(3):400-4.
    • (2010) Ann Neurol , vol.68 , Issue.3 , pp. 400-404
    • Thomas, A.1    Bonanni, L.2    Gambi, F.3
  • 72
    • 84878892358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Valproate as a treatment for dopamine dysregulation syndrome (DDS) in Parkinson's disease
    • Sriram A, Ward HE, Hassan A, et al. Valproate as a treatment for dopamine dysregulation syndrome (DDS) in Parkinson's disease. J Neurol 2013;260(2):521-7.
    • (2013) J Neurol , vol.260 , Issue.2 , pp. 521-527
    • Sriram, A.1    Ward, H.E.2    Hassan, A.3
  • 73
    • 33646925831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin type A for drooling in Parkinson's disease: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study
    • Lagalla G, Millevolte M, Capecci M, et al. Botulinum toxin type A for drooling in Parkinson's disease: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Mov Disord 2006;21(5):704-7.
    • (2006) Mov Disord , vol.21 , Issue.5 , pp. 704-707
    • Lagalla, G.1    Millevolte, M.2    Capecci, M.3
  • 74
    • 84859435773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pain in Parkinson's disease
    • Ha AD, Jankovic J. Pain in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2012;27(4):485-91.
    • (2012) Mov Disord , vol.27 , Issue.4 , pp. 485-491
    • Ha, A.D.1    Jankovic, J.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.