메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 4, Issue , 2014, Pages 100-111

The macroeconomic impact of non-communicable diseases in China and India: Estimates, projections, and comparisons

Author keywords

Cost benefit analysis; Economic growth; Health and economic development; Non communicable disease

Indexed keywords


EID: 84914820549     PISSN: 2212828X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jeoa.2014.08.003     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (49)

References (85)
  • 2
    • 36549007517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The burden and costs of chronic diseases in low-income and middle-income countries
    • Abegunde D.O., Mathers C.D., Adam T., et al. The burden and costs of chronic diseases in low-income and middle-income countries. Lancet 2007, 370(9603):1929-1938.
    • (2007) Lancet , vol.370 , Issue.9603 , pp. 1929-1938
    • Abegunde, D.O.1    Mathers, C.D.2    Adam, T.3
  • 3
    • 0003192710 scopus 로고
    • Assessing dynamic efficiency: theory and evidence
    • Abel A.B., Mankiw N.G., Summers L.R., et al. Assessing dynamic efficiency: theory and evidence. Rev. Econ. Stud. 1989, 56(January):1-20.
    • (1989) Rev. Econ. Stud. , vol.56 , Issue.January , pp. 1-20
    • Abel, A.B.1    Mankiw, N.G.2    Summers, L.R.3
  • 4
    • 0000367928 scopus 로고
    • A model of growth through creative destruction
    • Aghion P., Howitt P. A model of growth through creative destruction. Econometrica 1992, 60(2):323-351.
    • (1992) Econometrica , vol.60 , Issue.2 , pp. 323-351
    • Aghion, P.1    Howitt, P.2
  • 5
    • 84914811575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • India's poor to benefit from free drugs; Government to propose distribution of generics
    • a blow to big companies, International Herald Tribune.
    • Baja, V., 2012. India's poor to benefit from free drugs; Government to propose distribution of generics, a blow to big companies, International Herald Tribune.
    • (2012)
    • Baja, V.1
  • 7
    • 20444394435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The quantity and quality of life and the evolution of world inequality
    • Becker G.S., Philipson T.J., Soares R.R. The quantity and quality of life and the evolution of world inequality. Am. Econ. Rev. 2005, 95(1):277-291. 10.2307/4132680.
    • (2005) Am. Econ. Rev. , vol.95 , Issue.1 , pp. 277-291
    • Becker, G.S.1    Philipson, T.J.2    Soares, R.R.3
  • 8
    • 0346957278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of health on economic growth: a production function approach
    • Bloom D.E., Canning D., Sevilla J. The effect of health on economic growth: a production function approach. World Dev. 2004, 32(1):1-13. 10.1016/j.worlddev.2003.07.002.
    • (2004) World Dev. , vol.32 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-13
    • Bloom, D.E.1    Canning, D.2    Sevilla, J.3
  • 9
    • 77949271460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The contribution of population health and demographic change to economic growth in China and India
    • Bloom D.E., Canning D., Hu L., et al. The contribution of population health and demographic change to economic growth in China and India. J. Comp. Econ. 2010, 38(1):17-33. 10.1016/j.jce.2009.11.002.
    • (2010) J. Comp. Econ. , vol.38 , Issue.1 , pp. 17-33
    • Bloom, D.E.1    Canning, D.2    Hu, L.3
  • 10
    • 79960964536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 7 billion and counting
    • Bloom D.E. 7 billion and counting. Science 2011, 333(6042):562-569. 10.1126/science.1209290.
    • (2011) Science , vol.333 , Issue.6042 , pp. 562-569
    • Bloom, D.E.1
  • 14
    • 84906675044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The economic case for devoting public resources to health
    • Elsevier
    • Bloom D.E., Fink G. The economic case for devoting public resources to health. Manson's Tropical Diseases 2014, 23-30. Elsevier. 23rd ed.
    • (2014) Manson's Tropical Diseases , pp. 23-30
    • Bloom, D.E.1    Fink, G.2
  • 15
    • 42049098069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retrieved from:
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2013. Smoking and tobacco use: bidis and kreteks. Retrieved from: http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/tobacco_industry/bidis_kreteks/.
    • (2013) Smoking and tobacco use: bidis and kreteks
  • 17
    • 84914809956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health of the elderly in India: challenges of access and affordability
    • National Academies Press, Washington, DC, P. Smith, M. Majmundar (Eds.)
    • Dey S., Nambiar D., Lakshmi J.K., et al. Health of the elderly in India: challenges of access and affordability. Aging in Asia: Findings from New and Emerging Data Initiatives 2012, 371-386. National Academies Press, Washington, DC. P. Smith, M. Majmundar (Eds.).
    • (2012) Aging in Asia: Findings from New and Emerging Data Initiatives , pp. 371-386
    • Dey, S.1    Nambiar, D.2    Lakshmi, J.K.3
  • 18
    • 0034933094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BMI does not accurately predict overweight in Asians in northern India
    • Dudeja V., Misra A., Pandey R.M., et al. BMI does not accurately predict overweight in Asians in northern India. Br. J. Nutr. 2001, 86:105-112.
    • (2001) Br. J. Nutr. , vol.86 , pp. 105-112
    • Dudeja, V.1    Misra, A.2    Pandey, R.M.3
  • 19
    • 0032921051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health problems as determinants of retirement: are self-rated measures endogenous?
    • Dwyer D.S., Mitchell O.S. Health problems as determinants of retirement: are self-rated measures endogenous?. J. Health Econ. 1999, 18(2):173-193. 10.1016/S0167-6296(98)00034-4.
    • (1999) J. Health Econ. , vol.18 , Issue.2 , pp. 173-193
    • Dwyer, D.S.1    Mitchell, O.S.2
  • 20
    • 84914815170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The New Indian Express. Retrieved from
    • Express News Service, 2013. Karnataka becomes 26th state to ban gutkha, The New Indian Express. Retrieved from http://newindianexpress.com/states/karnataka/Karnataka-becomes-26th-state-to-ban-gutkha/2013/06/01/article1615107.ece.
    • (2013) Karnataka becomes 26th state to ban gutkha
  • 21
    • 82455171784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activating the knowledge-to-action cycle for geriatric care in India
    • Evans J.M., Kiran P.R., Bhattacharyya O.K. Activating the knowledge-to-action cycle for geriatric care in India. Health Res. Policy Syst. 2011, 9:42. 10.1186/1478-4505-9-42.
    • (2011) Health Res. Policy Syst. , vol.9 , pp. 42
    • Evans, J.M.1    Kiran, P.R.2    Bhattacharyya, O.K.3
  • 22
    • 77955273537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GLOBOCAN 2008 v2.0, Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: IARC cancer base no. 10
    • [Internet]. Lyon, France: international agency for research on cancer. Retrieved from:
    • Ferlay, J., Shin, H.R., Bray, F., et al., 2013. GLOBOCAN 2008 v2.0, Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: IARC cancer base no. 10 [Internet]. Lyon, France: international agency for research on cancer. Retrieved from: http://globocan.iarc.fr,%20accessed%20on%202/7/13.
    • (2013)
    • Ferlay, J.1    Shin, H.R.2    Bray, F.3
  • 23
    • 84868098649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can increases in the cigarette tax rate be linked to cigarette retail prices? Solving mysteries related to the cigarette pricing mechanism in China
    • Gao S., Zheng R., Hu T. Can increases in the cigarette tax rate be linked to cigarette retail prices? Solving mysteries related to the cigarette pricing mechanism in China. Tob. Control 2012, 21:560-562.
    • (2012) Tob. Control , vol.21 , pp. 560-562
    • Gao, S.1    Zheng, R.2    Hu, T.3
  • 24
    • 84865142868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tobacco use in 3billion individuals from 16 countries: an analysis of nationally representative cross-sectional household surveys
    • Giovino G.A., Mirza S.A., Samet J.M., et al. Tobacco use in 3billion individuals from 16 countries: an analysis of nationally representative cross-sectional household surveys. Lancet 2012, 380:668-679.
    • (2012) Lancet , vol.380 , pp. 668-679
    • Giovino, G.A.1    Mirza, S.A.2    Samet, J.M.3
  • 25
    • 84902515776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effective smoke-free policies in achieving a high level of compliance with smoke-free law: experiences from a district of North India
    • Retrieved from
    • Goel S., Ravindra K., Singh R.J., et al. Effective smoke-free policies in achieving a high level of compliance with smoke-free law: experiences from a district of North India. Tob. Control 2013, 1-4. Retrieved from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23322311.
    • (2013) Tob. Control , pp. 1-4
    • Goel, S.1    Ravindra, K.2    Singh, R.J.3
  • 26
    • 84959827102 scopus 로고
    • Quality ladders in the theory of economic growth
    • Grossman G.M., Helpman E. Quality ladders in the theory of economic growth. Rev. Econ. Stud. 1991, 58(1):43-61.
    • (1991) Rev. Econ. Stud. , vol.58 , Issue.1 , pp. 43-61
    • Grossman, G.M.1    Helpman, E.2
  • 27
    • 0036900951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in China
    • Retrieved from
    • Gu D., Reynolds K., Wu X., et al. Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in China. Hypertension 2002, 40(6):920-927. Retrieved from: http://hyper.ahajournals.org/cgi/doi/10.1161/01.HYP.0000040263.94619.D5.
    • (2002) Hypertension , vol.40 , Issue.6 , pp. 920-927
    • Gu, D.1    Reynolds, K.2    Wu, X.3
  • 28
    • 0032723382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steady endogenous growth with population and R&D inputs growing
    • Howitt P. Steady endogenous growth with population and R&D inputs growing. J. Political Economy 1999, 107(4):715-730.
    • (1999) J. Political Economy , vol.107 , Issue.4 , pp. 715-730
    • Howitt, P.1
  • 29
    • 33745287793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retrieved from: .
    • Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, 2013a. Global Burden of Disease Country Profiles: China. Retrieved from: . http://www.healthmetricsandevaluation.org/sites/default/files/country-profiles/GBD%20Country%20Report%20-%20China.pdf.
    • (2013) Global Burden of Disease Country Profiles: China
  • 30
    • 84914813247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global Burden of Disease Country Profiles: India. Retrieved from:
    • Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, 2013b. Global Burden of Disease Country Profiles: India. Retrieved from: http://www.healthmetricsandevaluation.org/sites/default/files/country-profiles/GBD%20Country%20Report%20-%20India.pdf.
    • (2013)
  • 31
    • 84914813741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), Seattle, United States
    • Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation China Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 (GBD 2010) Results 1990-2010 2013, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), Seattle, United States.
    • (2013) China Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 (GBD 2010) Results 1990-2010
  • 32
    • 84907454611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), Seattle, United States
    • Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation India Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 (GBD 2010) Results 1990-2010 2013, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), Seattle, United States.
    • (2013) India Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 (GBD 2010) Results 1990-2010
  • 33
    • 84914810949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3). Retrieved from:
    • International Institute for Population Sciences, 2005-2006. National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3). Retrieved from: http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNADK385.pdf.
    • (2005)
  • 34
    • 84889255185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global health 2035: a world converging within a generation
    • Jamison D.T., Summers L.H., Alleyne G., et al. Global health 2035: a world converging within a generation. Lancet 2013, 382(9908):1898-1955.
    • (2013) Lancet , vol.382 , Issue.9908 , pp. 1898-1955
    • Jamison, D.T.1    Summers, L.H.2    Alleyne, G.3
  • 35
    • 79251638439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The economics of tobacco and tobacco taxation in India
    • Retrieved from:
    • John, R.M., Rao, R.K., Rao, M.G., et al., 2010. The economics of tobacco and tobacco taxation in India. Retrieved from: http://global.tobaccofreekids.org/files/pdfs/en/India_tobacco_taxes_report_en.pdf.
    • (2010)
    • John, R.M.1    Rao, R.K.2    Rao, M.G.3
  • 36
    • 0029543840 scopus 로고
    • R&D-based models of economic growth
    • Jones C.I. R&D-based models of economic growth. J. Political Economy 1995, 103(4):759-783.
    • (1995) J. Political Economy , vol.103 , Issue.4 , pp. 759-783
    • Jones, C.I.1
  • 37
    • 0000621602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sources of U.S. economic growth in a world of ideas
    • Jones C.I. Sources of U.S. economic growth in a world of ideas. Am. Econ. Rev. 2002, 92(1):220-239.
    • (2002) Am. Econ. Rev. , vol.92 , Issue.1 , pp. 220-239
    • Jones, C.I.1
  • 38
    • 0000900119 scopus 로고
    • A model of economic growth
    • Kaldor N. A model of economic growth. Econ. J. 1957, 67(268):591-624.
    • (1957) Econ. J. , vol.67 , Issue.268 , pp. 591-624
    • Kaldor, N.1
  • 39
    • 12344282783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global burden of hypertension: analysis of worldwide data
    • Kearney P.M., Whelton M., Reynolds K., et al. Global burden of hypertension: analysis of worldwide data. Lancet 2005, 365(9455):217-223. 10.1016/s0140-6736(05)17741-1.
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.365 , Issue.9455 , pp. 217-223
    • Kearney, P.M.1    Whelton, M.2    Reynolds, K.3
  • 41
    • 0032556416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emerging tobacco hazards in China 1. Retrospective proportional mortality study of one million deaths
    • Liu B.Q., Peto R., Chen Z.M., et al. Emerging tobacco hazards in China 1. Retrospective proportional mortality study of one million deaths. BMJ 1998, 317(7170):1411.
    • (1998) BMJ , vol.317 , Issue.7170 , pp. 1411
    • Liu, B.Q.1    Peto, R.2    Chen, Z.M.3
  • 43
    • 84871036375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
    • Lozano R., Naghavi M., Foreman K., et al. Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet 2012, 380(9859):2095-2128.
    • (2012) Lancet , vol.380 , Issue.9859 , pp. 2095-2128
    • Lozano, R.1    Naghavi, M.2    Foreman, K.3
  • 44
    • 45549121614 scopus 로고
    • On the mechanics of economic development
    • Lucas R. On the mechanics of economic development. J. Monetary Econ. 1988, 22(1):3-42.
    • (1988) J. Monetary Econ. , vol.22 , Issue.1 , pp. 3-42
    • Lucas, R.1
  • 45
    • 77958590096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Workplace smoking restrictions in China: results from a six county survey
    • Ma J., Apelberg B.J., Avila-Tang E., et al. Workplace smoking restrictions in China: results from a six county survey. Tob. Control 2010, 19(5):403-409.
    • (2010) Tob. Control , vol.19 , Issue.5 , pp. 403-409
    • Ma, J.1    Apelberg, B.J.2    Avila-Tang, E.3
  • 46
    • 84960609322 scopus 로고
    • A contribution to the empirics of economic growth
    • Mankiw N.G., Romer D., Weil D.N. A contribution to the empirics of economic growth. Q. J. Econ. 1992, 107(2):407-437.
    • (1992) Q. J. Econ. , vol.107 , Issue.2 , pp. 407-437
    • Mankiw, N.G.1    Romer, D.2    Weil, D.N.3
  • 47
    • 84861029664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noncommunicable diseases: a global health crisis in a new world order
    • Marrero S.L., Bloom D.E., Adashi E.Y. Noncommunicable diseases: a global health crisis in a new world order. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 2012, 307(19):2037-2038.
    • (2012) J. Am. Med. Assoc. , vol.307 , Issue.19 , pp. 2037-2038
    • Marrero, S.L.1    Bloom, D.E.2    Adashi, E.Y.3
  • 48
    • 5744239603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health and retirement: do changes in health affect retirement expectations?
    • McGarry K. Health and retirement: do changes in health affect retirement expectations?. J. Hum. Resour. 2004, 39(3):624.
    • (2004) J. Hum. Resour. , vol.39 , Issue.3 , pp. 624
    • McGarry, K.1
  • 49
    • 34447106167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conditional convergence and the dynamics of the capital-output ratio
    • McQuinn K., Whelan K. Conditional convergence and the dynamics of the capital-output ratio. J. Econ. Growth 2007, 12(2):159-184.
    • (2007) J. Econ. Growth , vol.12 , Issue.2 , pp. 159-184
    • McQuinn, K.1    Whelan, K.2
  • 50
    • 34147164051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The availability and affordability of selected essential medicines for chronic diseases in six low- and middle-income countries
    • Retrieved from
    • Mendis S. The availability and affordability of selected essential medicines for chronic diseases in six low- and middle-income countries. Bull. World Health Organiz. 2007, 85(4):279-288. Retrieved from: http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/85/4/06-033647.pdf.
    • (2007) Bull. World Health Organiz. , vol.85 , Issue.4 , pp. 279-288
    • Mendis, S.1
  • 51
    • 67349232481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi
    • Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Bidi Smoking and Public Health 2008, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi.
    • (2008) Bidi Smoking and Public Health
  • 52
    • 84871047327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GBD 2010: design, definitions, and metrics
    • Murray C.J.L., Ezzati M., Flaxman A.D., et al. GBD 2010: design, definitions, and metrics. Lancet 2012, 380(9859):2063-2066. 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61899-6.
    • (2012) Lancet , vol.380 , Issue.9859 , pp. 2063-2066
    • Murray, C.J.L.1    Ezzati, M.2    Flaxman, A.D.3
  • 53
    • 84871099014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
    • Murray C.J., Vos T., Lozano R., et al. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet 2012, 380(9859):2197-2223.
    • (2012) Lancet , vol.380 , Issue.9859 , pp. 2197-2223
    • Murray, C.J.1    Vos, T.2    Lozano, R.3
  • 56
    • 0028579852 scopus 로고
    • Barriers to technology adoption and development
    • Parente S.L., Prescott E.C. Barriers to technology adoption and development. J. Political Economy 1994, 102(2):298-321.
    • (1994) J. Political Economy , vol.102 , Issue.2 , pp. 298-321
    • Parente, S.L.1    Prescott, E.C.2
  • 57
    • 0001320860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Technological change and population growth
    • Peretto P.F. Technological change and population growth. J. Econ. Growth 1998, 3(4):283-311.
    • (1998) J. Econ. Growth , vol.3 , Issue.4 , pp. 283-311
    • Peretto, P.F.1
  • 58
    • 0035214531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in diet, nutritional status, and diet-related noncommunicable diseases in China and India: the economic costs of the nutrition transition
    • Retrieved from
    • Popkin B.M., Horton S., Kim S., et al. Trends in diet, nutritional status, and diet-related noncommunicable diseases in China and India: the economic costs of the nutrition transition. Nutr. Rev. 2001, 59(12):379-390. Retrieved from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11766908.
    • (2001) Nutr. Rev. , vol.59 , Issue.12 , pp. 379-390
    • Popkin, B.M.1    Horton, S.2    Kim, S.3
  • 59
    • 84914819070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health Warnings on Tobacco Products.[Pictorial/Graphic.ID:95088]. New Delhi: Government of India. Available from:
    • Press Information Bureau, 2013. Health Warnings on Tobacco Products.[Pictorial/Graphic.ID:95088]. New Delhi: Government of India. Available from: http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=95088.
    • (2013)
  • 60
    • 0034266306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost of illness studies: what is good about them?
    • Rice D.P. Cost of illness studies: what is good about them?. Inj. Prev. 2000, 6:177-179.
    • (2000) Inj. Prev. , vol.6 , pp. 177-179
    • Rice, D.P.1
  • 61
    • 85018651986 scopus 로고
    • Endogenous technological change
    • Romer P. Endogenous technological change. J. Political Economy 1990, 98(5):71-102.
    • (1990) J. Political Economy , vol.98 , Issue.5 , pp. 71-102
    • Romer, P.1
  • 62
    • 84871067141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Healthy life expectancy for 187 countries, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden Disease Study 2010
    • Salomon J.A., Wang H., Freeman M.K., et al. Healthy life expectancy for 187 countries, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden Disease Study 2010. Lancet 2012, 380(9859):2144-2162.
    • (2012) Lancet , vol.380 , Issue.9859 , pp. 2144-2162
    • Salomon, J.A.1    Wang, H.2    Freeman, M.K.3
  • 63
    • 0001124972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endogenous growth without scale effects
    • Segerstrom P.M. Endogenous growth without scale effects. Am. Econ. Rev. 1998, 88(5):1290-1310.
    • (1998) Am. Econ. Rev. , vol.88 , Issue.5 , pp. 1290-1310
    • Segerstrom, P.M.1
  • 64
    • 84914817539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Government to bring essential medicines under price control
    • The Times of India.
    • Singha, K., 2012. Government to bring essential medicines under price control, The Times of India.
    • (2012)
    • Singha, K.1
  • 65
    • 84959849294 scopus 로고
    • A contribution to the theory of economic growth
    • Solow R.M. A contribution to the theory of economic growth. Q. J. Econ. 1956, 70(1):65-94.
    • (1956) Q. J. Econ. , vol.70 , Issue.1 , pp. 65-94
    • Solow, R.M.1
  • 67
    • 84914821373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Healthcare and insurance among the elderly in China: evidence from the CHARLS pilot
    • National Academies Press, Washington, DC, P. Smith, M. Majmundar (Eds.)
    • Strauss J., Hong H., Lei X., et al. Healthcare and insurance among the elderly in China: evidence from the CHARLS pilot. Aging in Asia: Findings from New and Emerging Data Initiatives 2012, 342-370. National Academies Press, Washington, DC. P. Smith, M. Majmundar (Eds.).
    • (2012) Aging in Asia: Findings from New and Emerging Data Initiatives , pp. 342-370
    • Strauss, J.1    Hong, H.2    Lei, X.3
  • 68
    • 14844336881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of human capital and population growth in the theory of economic growth
    • Strulik H. The role of human capital and population growth in the theory of economic growth. Rev. Int. Econ. 2005, 13(1):129-145.
    • (2005) Rev. Int. Econ. , vol.13 , Issue.1 , pp. 129-145
    • Strulik, H.1
  • 69
    • 84884236470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, 2013. World Population Prospects: The 2012 Revision, http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/index.htm.
    • (2013) World Population Prospects: The 2012 Revision
  • 70
    • 77953212880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Availability, price and affordability of cardiovascular medicines: a comparison across 36 countries using WHO/HAI data
    • Retrieved from:
    • Van Mourik M.S., Cameron A., Ewen M., et al. Availability, price and affordability of cardiovascular medicines: a comparison across 36 countries using WHO/HAI data. BMC Cardiovas. Disord. 2010, 10(1):25. Retrieved from: http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2898673&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract.
    • (2010) BMC Cardiovas. Disord. , vol.10 , Issue.1 , pp. 25
    • Van Mourik, M.S.1    Cameron, A.2    Ewen, M.3
  • 71
    • 0041412752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The value of a statistical life: a critical review of market estimates throughout the world
    • Viscusi W.K., Aldy J.E. The value of a statistical life: a critical review of market estimates throughout the world. J. Risk Uncertainty 2003, 27(1):5-76.
    • (2003) J. Risk Uncertainty , vol.27 , Issue.1 , pp. 5-76
    • Viscusi, W.K.1    Aldy, J.E.2
  • 72
    • 84863774751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conflict of interest and FCTC implementation in China
    • Wan X., Ma S., Hoek J., et al. Conflict of interest and FCTC implementation in China. Tob. Control 2012, 21:412-415.
    • (2012) Tob. Control , vol.21 , pp. 412-415
    • Wan, X.1    Ma, S.2    Hoek, J.3
  • 73
    • 77958599386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endemic diseases and African economic growth: challenges and policy responses
    • Weil D. Endemic diseases and African economic growth: challenges and policy responses. J. Afr. Econ. 2010, 19(AERC Supplement 3):iii81-iii109. 10.1093/jae/ejq018.
    • (2010) J. Afr. Econ. , vol.19 , Issue.AERC SUPPL. 3 , pp. 381-3109
    • Weil, D.1
  • 75
    • 0003926535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The World Bank, Washington, DC, Retrieved from:
    • The World Bank World Development Indicators 2014, The World Bank, Washington, DC, Retrieved from: http://databank.worldbank.org/data/views/variableSelection/selectvariables.aspx?source=world-development-indicators.
    • (2014) World Development Indicators
  • 81
    • 84863956746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Health Organization, Geneva
    • World Health Organization WHO NCD Country Profiles 2011, World Health Organization, Geneva.
    • (2011) WHO NCD Country Profiles
  • 84
    • 84878216023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why are saving rates so high in China?
    • NBER Working Paper No. 16771.
    • Yang, D.T., Zhang, J., Zhou S., 2011. Why are saving rates so high in China? NBER Working Paper No. 16771.
    • (2011)
    • Yang, D.T.1    Zhang, J.2    Zhou, S.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.