Determination of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in tea, herbal drugs and honey

Food Additives and Contaminants - Part A Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure and Risk Assessment

Volumn 31, Issue 11, 2014, Pages 1886-1895

  Bodi, Dorina ^a   Ronczka, Stefan ^a   Gottschalk, Christoph ^a   Behr, Nastassja ^a   Skibba, Anne ^a   Wagner, Matthias ^a   Lahrssen Wiederholt, Monika ^a   Preiss Weigert, Angelika ^a   These, Anja ^a  

^a FEDERAL INSTITUTE FOR RISK ASSESSMENT   (Germany)

Author keywords

herbal drugs; honey; mass spectrometry; pyrrolizidine alkaloids; tea

Indexed keywords

ALKALOIDS; DRUG PRODUCTS; MASS SPECTROMETRY;

COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS; FOOD SOURCES; HERBAL DRUG; HONEY; HONEY SAMPLES; MOST LIKELY; PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOID; RETAIL MARKET;

TEA;

CHAMOMILE; HERBACEOUS AGENT; PEPPERMINT; PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOID; TEA;

ANISE; ARTICLE; CARAWAY; FENNEL; GERMANY; HARVESTING; HERBAL TEA; HONEY; MELISSA OFFICINALIS; NONHUMAN; ANALYSIS; CHEMISTRY; EUROPE; FOOD CONTAMINATION; HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; HUMAN; MEDICINAL PLANT; PROCEDURES; TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY; TEA;

CHROMATOGRAPHY, HIGH PRESSURE LIQUID; EUROPE; FOOD CONTAMINATION; HONEY; HUMANS; PLANTS, MEDICINAL; PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS; TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY; TEA;

EID: 84911397720     PISSN: 19440049     EISSN: 19440057     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2014.964337     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Asres K, Sporer F, Wink M. 2004. Patterns of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in 12 Ethiopian Crotalaria species. Biochem Syst Ecol. 32:915–930.
2. BFR 2011. Scientific opinion [Internet]. [cited 2014 Jun 26]. Available from: http://www.bfr.bund.de/cm/349/chemical-analysis-and-toxicity-of-pyrrolizidine-alkaloids-and-assessment-of-the-health-risks-posed-by-their-occurence-in-honey.pdf
3. BFR 2013. Scientific opinion [Internet]. [cited 2014 Jun26]. Available from: http://www.bfr.bund.de/cm/349/pyrrolizidine-alkaloids-in-herbal-teas-and-teas.pdf
4. Boppré M, Colegate SM, Edgar JA. 2005. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids of Echium vulgare honey found in pure pollen. J Agric Food Chem. 53:594–600.
5. Chung WG, Buhler DR. 1994. The effect of spironolactone treatment on the cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism of the pyrrolizidine alkaloid senecionine by hepatic microsomes from rats and guinea-pigs. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 127:314–319.
6. COT. 2008. Statement on pyrrolizidine alkaloids in food [Internet]. Food Standard Agency. [cited 2014 Jun26]. Available from: http://cot.food.gov.uk/sites/default/files/cot/cotstatementpa200806.pdf
7. Culvenor CCJ, Clarke M, Edgar JA, Frahn JL, Jago MV, Peterson JE, Smith LW. 1980. Structure and toxicity of the alkaloids of Russian comfrey (Symphytum X Uplandicum Nyman), a medicinal herb and item of human diet. Experientia. 36:377–379.
8. Culvenor CCJ, Edgar JA, Smith LW. 1981. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids in honey from Echium-plantagineum L. J Agric Food Chem. 29:958–960.
9. Deinzer ML, Thomson PA, Burgett DM, Isaacson DL. 1977. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids: their occurrence in honey from tansy ragwort (Senecio jacobaea L.). Science. 195:497–499.
10. Dübecke A, Beckh G, Lüllmann C. 2011. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids in honey and bee pollen. Food Addit Contam: Part A. 28:348–358.
11. EFSA. 2011. Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM); Scientific Opinion on Pyrrolizidine alkaloids in food and feed. EFSA J. 9:2406:134 pp.
12. EUROPEAN PHARMACOPOEIA 6.0. 2008. 01/2008:1433 Herbal Drugs
13. Fu PP, Xia QS, Lin G, Chou MW. 2004. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids - Genotoxicity, metabolism enzymes, metabolic activation, and mechanisms. Drug Metab Rev. 36:1–55.
14. Hartmann T, Witte L. 1995. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids: chemical, biological and chemoecological aspects. In: Pelletier SW, editor. Alkaloids: chemical and biological perspectives, Vol. 9. Oxford: Pergamon Press; p. 155–233.
15. Hoogenboom LAP, Mulder PPJ, Zeilmaker MJ, van den Top HJ, Remmelink GJ, Brandon EFA, Klijnstra M, Meijer GAL, Schothorst R, Van Egmond HP. 2011. Carry-over of pyrrolizidine alkaloids from feed to milk in dairy cows. Food Addit Contam: Part A. 28:359–372.
16. Huxtable RJ. 1980. Herbal teas and toxins - novel aspects of pyrrolizidine poisoning in the United-States. Perspect Biol Med. 24:1–14.
17. Johnson AE, Molyneux RJ, Merrill GB. 1985. Chemistry of toxic range plants - Variation in pyrrolizidine alkaloid content of Senecio, Amsinckia, and Crotalaria Species. J Agric Food Chem. 33:50–55.
18. Kakar F, Akbarian Z, Leslie T, Mustafa M, Watson J, van Egmond H, Omar M, Mofleh J. 2010. An outbreak of hepatic veno-occlusive disease in Western Afghanistan associated with exposure to wheat flour contaminated with pyrrolizidine alkaloids. J Toxicol. 313280:1–7.
19. Kempf M, Beuerle T, Bühringer M, Denner M, Trost D, von der Ohe K, Vijaya BR, Schreier, P. 2008. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids in honey: risk analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Mol Nutr Food Res. 52:1193–1200.
20. Kempf M, Wittig M, Schönfeld K, Cramer L, Schreier P, Beuerle T. 2011. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids in food: downstream contamination in the food chain caused by honey and pollen. Food Addit Contam: Part A. 28:325–331.
21. Mattocks AR, Driver HE, Barbour RH, Robins DJ. 1986. Metabolism and toxicity of synthetic analogues of macrocyclic diester pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Chem Biol Interact. 58:95–108.
22. Mohabbat O, Shafiq Younos M, Merzad AA, Srivastava RN, Sediq GG, Aram GN. 1976. An outbreak of hepatic veno-occlusive disease in North-Western Afghanistan. Lancet. 308:269–271.
23. Molyneux RJ, Johnson AE, Roitman JN, Benson ME. 1979. Chemistry of toxic range plants - Determination of pyrrolizidine alkaloid content and composition in Senecio species by nuclear magnetic-resonance spectroscopy. J Agric Food Chem. 27:494–499.
24. Smith LW, Culvenor CCJ. 1981. Plant sources of hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids. J Nat Product. 44:129–152.
25. Stillman AE, Huxtable R, Consroe P, Kohnen P, Smith S. 1977. Hepatic veno-occlusive disease due to pyrrolizidine (Senecio) poisoning in Arizona. Gastroenterology. 73:349–352.
26. These A, Bodi D, Ronczka S, Lahrssen-Wiederholt M, Preiss-Weigert A. 2013. Structural screening by multiple reaction monitoring as a new approach for tandem mass spectrometry: presented for the determination of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in plants. Anal Bioanal Chem. 405:9375–9383.
27. Wiedenfeld H, Edgar J. 2011. Toxicity of pyrrolizidine alkaloids to humans and ruminants. Phytochem Rev. 10:137–151.
28. Wiedenfeld H, Rroeder E, Bouaul T, Edgar J. 2008. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids – structure and toxicity. Goettingen, Germany: Bonn University Press.