메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2012, Pages 1-206

Managing Organizational Behavior in the African Context

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 84909635777     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9780203109106     Document Type: Book
Times cited : (7)

References (193)
  • 1
    • 79961182310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • McKinsey Global Institute (MGI)
    • Roxburgh, C., et al. (2010). Lions on the move: The progress and potential of African economies. McKinsey Global Institute (MGI). Available from: http://www.mckinsey.com/mgi/publications/progressandpotentialofafricaneconomies/pdfs/MGIafricaneconomiesfullreport.pdf. Down loaded on December 23, 2011.
    • (2010) Lions on The Move: The Progress and Potential of African Economies
    • Roxburgh, C.1
  • 3
    • 85122356558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.safaricom.co.ke. Downloaded on January 3, 2012.
    • (2012)
  • 4
    • 85122409823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.greatplacetowork.com/whatwedo/model.php. Downloaded on January 3, 2012.
    • (2012)
  • 5
    • 85122349565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.haygroup.com/ww/bestcompanies/index.aspx?id155. Downloaded on January 3, 2012.
    • (2012)
  • 6
    • 85122407165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.financialtechnologyafrica.com/admired/cwg.html. Downloaded on January 3, 2012.
    • (2012)
  • 8
    • 0009993525 scopus 로고
    • A dynamic theory of organizational knowledge creation
    • Nonaka, I. (1994). A dynamic theory of organizational knowledge creation. Organization Science, 5(1), 14-37
    • (1994) Organization Science , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 14-37
    • Nonaka, I.1
  • 9
    • 85122412765 scopus 로고
    • Chicago: University of Chicago Press
    • Polanyi, M. (1958). Personal knowledge. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
    • (1958)
    • Polanyi, M.1
  • 10
    • 85122341866 scopus 로고
    • 2nd edn). Norfolk, UK
    • Mbiti, J. S. (1990). African religions and philosophy (2nd edn). Norfolk, UK
    • (1990)
    • Mbiti, J.S.1
  • 11
    • 0009904421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Culture, governance, and economic performance: An exploratory study with a special focus on Africa
    • Noorderhaven, N. G., & Tidjani, B. (2001). Culture, governance, and economic performance: An exploratory study with a special focus on Africa. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 1(1), 31-52.
    • (2001) International Journal of Cross Cultural Management , vol.1 , Issue.1 , pp. 31-52
    • Noorderhaven, N.G.1    Tidjani, B.2
  • 15
    • 85122339041 scopus 로고
    • London: Her Majesty’s Stationary Office
    • Woodward, J. (1958). Management and technology. London: Her Majesty’s Stationary Office
    • (1958)
    • Woodward, J.1
  • 16
    • 85122347375 scopus 로고
    • New York: Basic Books
    • Blau, P. M., & Schoenherr, R. A. (1971). The structure of organizations. New York: Basic Books
    • (1971)
    • Blau, P.M.1    Schoenherr, R.A.2
  • 18
    • 85122380216 scopus 로고
    • Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
    • Lawrence, P. R., & Lorsch, J. (1967). Organization and environment. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
    • (1967)
    • Lawrence, P.R.1    Lorsch, J.2
  • 19
    • 33744870364 scopus 로고
    • Organizational structure, environments and perfor mance: The role of strategic choice
    • Child, J. (1972). Organizational structure, environments and perfor mance: The role of strategic choice. Sociology, 6, 1 22.
    • (1972) Sociology , vol.6 , Issue.1 , pp. 22
    • Child, J.1
  • 20
    • 0036340469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The need for and meaning of positive organizational behavior
    • Luthans, F. (2002). The need for and meaning of positive organizational behavior. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23, 695 706 (p. 59)
    • (2002) Journal of Organizational Behavior , vol.23 , Issue.695-706 , pp. 59
    • Luthans, F.1
  • 21
    • 0036479277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positive organizational behavior: Developing and managing psychological strengths
    • Luthans, F. (2002). Positive organizational behavior: Developing and managing psychological strengths. Academy of Management Executive, 16(1), 57-72.
    • (2002) Academy of Management Executive , vol.16 , Issue.1 , pp. 57-72
    • Luthans, F.1
  • 22
    • 33847081394 scopus 로고
    • Defining the ‘‘field at a given time.’’
    • Lewin, Kurt (1943). Defining the ‘‘field at a given time.’’ Psychological Review, 50, 292-310.
    • (1943) Psychological Review , vol.50 , pp. 292-310
    • Lewin, K.1
  • 24
    • 0029287435 scopus 로고
    • A cognitive affective system theory of personality: Reconceptualiz ing situations, dispositions, dynamics, and invariance in personality structure
    • Mischel, W., & Shoda, Y. (1995). A cognitive affective system theory of personality: Reconceptualiz ing situations, dispositions, dynamics, and invariance in personality structure. Psychological Review, 102, 246 68.
    • (1995) Psychological Review , vol.102 , pp. 246-268
    • Mischel, W.1    Shoda, Y.2
  • 25
    • 3042970758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Task performance and contextual performance: The meaning for personnel selection research
    • Borman, W., & Motowildo, S. (1997). Task performance and contextual performance: The meaning for personnel selection research. Human Performance, 10(2), 99 109.
    • (1997) Human Performance , vol.10 , Issue.2 , pp. 99-109
    • Borman, W.1    Motowildo, S.2
  • 26
    • 0942284964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organizational virtuousness and performance
    • In K. S. Cameron, J. E. Dutton, & R. E. Quinn (Eds.), San Francisco: Berrett Koehler Publishers
    • Cameron, K. S. (2003). Organizational virtuousness and performance. In K. S. Cameron, J. E. Dutton, & R. E. Quinn (Eds.), Positive organizational scholarship: Foundations of a new discipline, pp. 48 65. San Francisco: Berrett Koehler Publishers.
    • (2003) Positive organizational scholarship: Foundations of a new discipline , pp. 48-65
    • Cameron, K.S.1
  • 27
    • 0345304831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (2003). The network paradigm in organizational research: A review and typology
    • Borgatti, S. P., & Foster, P. C. (2003). The network paradigm in organizational research: A review and typology. Journal of Management, 29(6), 991 1013.
    • (2003) Journal of Management , vol.29 , Issue.6 , pp. 991-1013
    • Borgatti, S.P.1    Foster, P.C.2
  • 28
    • 0002939005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multilevel approach to theory and research in organizations: Contextual, temporal, and emergent processes
    • In K. J. Klein, & S. W. J. Kozlowski (Eds.), San Francisco: Jossey Bass
    • Kozlowski, S. W. J., & Klein, K. J. (2000). A multilevel approach to theory and research in organizations: Contextual, temporal, and emergent processes. In K. J. Klein, & S. W. J. Kozlowski (Eds.), Multilevel theory, research, and methods in organizations: Foundations, extensions, and new directions, pp. 3 90. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.
    • (2000) Multilevel theory, research, and methods in organizations: Foundations, extensions, and new directions , vol.3 , pp. 3-90
    • Kozlowski, S.W.J.1    Klein, K.J.2
  • 30
    • 0002390117 scopus 로고
    • Cultural constraints in management theories
    • Hofstede, G. (1993). Cultural constraints in management theories. Academy of Management Executive, 7(1), 81 94.
    • (1993) Academy of Management Executive , vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp. 81-94
    • Hofstede, G.1
  • 31
    • 0003219913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National values and organizational practices
    • In N. M. Ashkanasy, C. M. Wilderom, & M. F. Peterson (Eds.), Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
    • Hofstede, G., & Peterson, M. F. (2000). National values and organizational practices. In N. M. Ashkanasy, C. M. Wilderom, & M. F. Peterson (Eds.), Handbook of organizational culture and climate, pp. 401 16. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
    • (2000) Handbook of organizational culture and climate , pp. 401-416
    • Hofstede, G.1    Peterson, M.F.2
  • 32
    • 85122396435 scopus 로고
    • New York: The Free Press
    • Rokeach, M. (1973). The nature of human values. New York: The Free Press.
    • (1973)
    • Rokeach, M.1
  • 36
    • 85122356284 scopus 로고
    • New York: Guilford Publications
    • Kenny, D. (1994). Interpersonal perception. New York: Guilford Publications.
    • (1994)
    • Kenny, D.1
  • 38
    • 0002841536 scopus 로고
    • Self fulfilling prophecy as a management tool: Harnessing Pygmalion
    • Eden, D. (1984). Self fulfilling prophecy as a management tool: Harnessing Pygmalion. Academy of Management Review, 9, 64 73.
    • (1984) Academy of Management Review , vol.9 , pp. 64-73
    • Eden, D.1
  • 39
    • 0001301165 scopus 로고
    • Pygmalion, Galatea, and the Golem: Investigations of biased and unbiased teachers
    • Babad, E. Y., Inbar, J., & Rosenthal, R. (1982). Pygmalion, Galatea, and the Golem: Investigations of biased and unbiased teachers. Journal of Educational Psychology, 74, 459 74.
    • (1982) Journal of Educational Psychology , vol.74 , pp. 459-474
    • Babad, E.Y.1    Inbar, J.2    Rosenthal, R.3
  • 40
    • 84990341456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of Golem, Pygmalion, and Galatea effects on opportunistic behavior in the classroom
    • Rowe, W. G., & O’Brien, J. (2002). The role of Golem, Pygmalion, and Galatea effects on opportunistic behavior in the classroom. Journal of Management Education, 26, 612 28.
    • (2002) Journal of Management Education , vol.26 , pp. 612-628
    • Rowe, W.G.1    O’Brien, J.2
  • 44
    • 85122373760 scopus 로고
    • Morristown, NJ: General Learning Press
    • Weiner, B. (1974). Achievement motivation and attribution theory. Morristown, NJ: General Learning Press.
    • (1974)
    • Weiner, B.1
  • 45
    • 38549138812 scopus 로고
    • The intuitive psychologist and his shortcomings: Distortions in the attribution process
    • In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), New York: Academic Press
    • Ross, L. (1977). The intuitive psychologist and his shortcomings: Distortions in the attribution process. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology. 10, pp. 173 220. New York: Academic Press.
    • (1977) Advances in experimental social psychology , pp. 173-220
    • Ross, L.1
  • 46
    • 0030153441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attribution theory and Arab images of the Gulf War
    • Heradstveit, D., & Bonham, G. M. (1996). Attribution theory and Arab images of the Gulf War. Political Psychology, 17(2), 271 92.
    • (1996) Political Psychology , vol.17 , Issue.2 , pp. 271-292
    • Heradstveit, D.1    Bonham, G.M.2
  • 48
  • 49
    • 0005238537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cultural diversity in the workplace: The state of the field
    • Fine, M. J. (1996). Cultural diversity in the workplace: The state of the field. Journal of Business Communication, 33(4), 485 502.
    • (1996) Journal of Business Communication , vol.33 , Issue.4 , pp. 485-502
    • Fine, M.J.1
  • 50
    • 84882293674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developing receiver centered communication in diverse organizations
    • Brownell, J. (2003). Developing receiver centered communication in diverse organizations. Listening Professional, 2(1), 5 25.
    • (2003) Listening Professional , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 5-25
    • Brownell, J.1
  • 51
    • 85122351795 scopus 로고
    • Tulsa, OK: Hogan Assessment Systems
    • Hogan, R., & Hogan, J. (1992). Hogan personality inventory manual. Tulsa, OK: Hogan Assessment Systems.
    • (1992)
    • Hogan, R.1    Hogan, J.2
  • 52
    • 0001418871 scopus 로고
    • The social self: On being the same and different at the same time
    • Brewer, M. B. (1991). The social self: On being the same and different at the same time. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 17, 475 82.
    • (1991) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.17 , pp. 475-482
    • Brewer, M.B.1
  • 54
    • 0141798542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aspects of a possible self that predict motivation to achieve or avoid it
    • Norman, C. C., & Aron A. (2003). Aspects of a possible self that predict motivation to achieve or avoid it. Journal of Expen mental Social Psychology, 39, 500 7.
    • (2003) Journal of Expen Mental Social Psychology , vol.39 , pp. 500-507
    • Norman, C.C.1    Aron, A.2
  • 55
    • 0028502734 scopus 로고
    • Exploring the self concept in an African culture
    • Mpofu, E. (1994). Exploring the self concept in an African culture. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 155, 341 54.
    • (1994) Journal of Genetic Psychology , vol.155 , pp. 341-354
    • Mpofu, E.1
  • 56
    • 78650893197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cross cultural experience, strategic motivation and employer hiring preference: An exploratory study in an emerging economy
    • Zoogah, D. B., & Abbey, A. (2010). Cross cultural experience, strategic motivation and employer hiring preference: An exploratory study in an emerging economy. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 10(3), 321 43.
    • (2010) International Journal of Cross Cultural Management , vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp. 321-343
    • Zoogah, D.B.1    Abbey, A.2
  • 57
    • 56849114352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Award for distinguished scientific applications of psychology
    • Holland, J. L. (2008). Award for distinguished scientific applications of psychology. American Psycholo gist, 63(8), 672 4.
    • (2008) American Psycholo Gist , vol.63 , Issue.8 , pp. 672-674
    • Holland, J.L.1
  • 58
    • 85122388390 scopus 로고
    • New York: Cambridge University Press
    • Csikszentmihalyi, M., & Csikszentmihalyi, I. S. (eds.) (1988). Optimal experience: Psychological studies of flow in consciousness. New York: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1988)
    • Csikszentmihalyi, M.1    Csikszentmihalyi, I.S.2
  • 59
    • 73649170573 scopus 로고
    • Personality development in identical twins
    • Lowinger, P., Schorer, C., & Knox, R. (1963). Personality development in identical twins. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 8(5), 509 17.
    • (1963) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.8 , Issue.5 , pp. 509-517
    • Lowinger, P.1    Schorer, C.2    Knox, R.3
  • 60
    • 0024023344 scopus 로고
    • Development and validation of brief measures of Posi tive and Negative Affect: The PANAS Scales
    • Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & TeUegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of Posi tive and Negative Affect: The PANAS Scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 1063 70.
    • (1988) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.54 , pp. 1063-1070
    • Watson, D.1    Clark, L.A.2    Teuegen, A.3
  • 61
    • 0001868677 scopus 로고
    • The social identity theory of intergroup behaviour
    • In S. Worchel, & W. G. Austin (Eds.), Chicago, IL: Nelson Hall
    • Tajfel, H., & Turner, J. C. (1986). The social identity theory of intergroup behaviour. In S. Worchel, & W. G. Austin (Eds.), Psychology of intergroup relations, pp. 7 24. Chicago, IL: Nelson Hall.
    • (1986) Psychology of intergroup relations , pp. 7-24
    • Tajfel, H.1    Turner, J.C.2
  • 62
    • 33748366760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between HRM practices and service behaviour in South African service organizations
    • Browning, V. (2006). The relationship between HRM practices and service behaviour in South African service organizations. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 17(7), 1321 38.
    • (2006) International Journal of Human Resource Management , vol.17 , Issue.7 , pp. 1321-1338
    • Browning, V.1
  • 63
    • 85044799548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organizational identity, political contexts, and SMO action: Explaining the tactical choices made by peace organizations in Israel, Northern Ireland, and South Africa
    • Meyer, M. (2004). Organizational identity, political contexts, and SMO action: Explaining the tactical choices made by peace organizations in Israel, Northern Ireland, and South Africa. Social Movement Studies: Journal of Social, Cultural and Political Protest, 3(2), 167 97.
    • (2004) Social Movement Studies: Journal of Social, Cultural and Political Protest , vol.3 , Issue.2 , pp. 167-197
    • Meyer, M.1
  • 64
    • 78650893197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cross cultural experience, strategic motivation and employer hiring preference: An exploratory study in an emerging economy
    • Zoogah, D. B., & Abbey, A. (2010). Cross cultural experience, strategic motivation and employer hiring preference: An exploratory study in an emerging economy. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 10(3) (December), 321 43.
    • (2010) International Journal of Cross Cultural Management , vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp. 321-343
    • Zoogah, D.B.1    Abbey, A.2
  • 65
    • 85122393661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rwanda: Http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/ghosts/today/
  • 66
    • 85122386201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liberia: Http://www.pbs.org/frontlineworld/stories/liberia/facts.html (both downloaded August 1, 2012)
    • (2012)
  • 68
    • 14544289605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Work motivation theory and research at the dawn of the twenty first century
    • Latham, G. P., & Pinder, C. C. (2005). Work motivation theory and research at the dawn of the twenty first century. Annual Review of Psychology, 56, 485 516
    • (2005) Annual Review of Psychology , vol.56 , pp. 485-516
    • Latham, G.P.1    Pinder, C.C.2
  • 69
    • 85122406466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2nd ed. London: Psychology Press
    • Pinder, C. (2008). Work motivation in organizational behavior, 2nd ed. London: Psychology Press.
    • (2008)
    • Pinder, C.1
  • 70
    • 85122390616 scopus 로고
    • New York: Harper & Row
    • Maslow, A. (1954). Motivation and personality. New York: Harper & Row.
    • (1954)
    • Maslow, A.1
  • 71
    • 85122341261 scopus 로고
    • Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
    • Blunt, P., &Jones, M. (1992). Managing organizations in Africa. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.
    • (1992)
    • Blunt, P.1
  • 72
    • 85122410723 scopus 로고
    • New York: McGraw Hill
    • Backer, W. (1973). Motivating black workers. New York: McGraw Hill.
    • (1973)
    • Backer, W.1
  • 73
    • 0033045967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing Maslow’s hierarchy of needs: National quality of life across time
    • Hagerty, M. R. (1999). Testing Maslow’s hierarchy of needs: National quality of life across time. Social Indicators Research, 46(3), 249 71.
    • (1999) Social Indicators Research , vol.46 , Issue.3 , pp. 249-271
    • Hagerty, M.R.1
  • 75
    • 85122362299 scopus 로고
    • New York: Free Press
    • Alderfer, C. P. (1972). Existence, relatedness and growth. New York: Free Press.
    • (1972)
    • Alderfer, C.P.1
  • 76
    • 85122348974 scopus 로고
    • Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand
    • McClelland, D. (1961). The achieving society. Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand
    • (1961)
    • McClelland, D.1
  • 77
    • 0001390860 scopus 로고
    • Toward a theory of motive acquisition
    • McClelland, D. C. (1965). Toward a theory of motive acquisition. American Psychologist, 20, 321 33.
    • (1965) American Psychologist , vol.20 , pp. 321-333
    • McClelland, D.C.1
  • 78
    • 0141595273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of McClelland’s need satisfaction theory on employee job performance: A causal study
    • Arnolds, C. A., & Boshoff, C. (2003). The influence of McClelland’s need satisfaction theory on employee job performance: A causal study. Journal of African Business, 4(3), 55 81.
    • (2003) Journal of African Business , vol.4 , Issue.3 , pp. 55-81
    • Arnolds, C.A.1    Boshoff, C.2
  • 81
    • 33745139881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microenterprises in Zimbabwe: The function of sociodemographic factors, psychological strategies, personal initiative and goal setting for entrepreneurial success
    • In M. Frese (Ed.), Westport, CT: Greenwood
    • Frese, M., Krauss, S. I., & Friedrich, C. (2000). Microenterprises in Zimbabwe: The function of sociodemographic factors, psychological strategies, personal initiative and goal setting for entrepreneurial success. In M. Frese (Ed.), Success and failure of microbusiness owners in Africa: A psychological approach, pp. 103 30. Westport, CT: Greenwood.
    • (2000) Success and failure of microbusiness owners in Africa: A psychological approach , pp. 103-130
    • Frese, M.1    Krauss, S.I.2    Friedrich, C.3
  • 82
    • 77956839363 scopus 로고
    • Inequity in social exchange
    • In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), New York: Academic Press
    • Adams, J. S. (1965). Inequity in social exchange. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology, Vol. 2, pp. 267 99. New York: Academic Press.
    • (1965) Psychology , vol.2 , pp. 267-299
    • Adams, J.S.1
  • 83
    • 85122341204 scopus 로고
    • New York: Wiley
    • Vroom, V. H. (1964). Work and motivation. New York: Wiley.
    • (1964)
    • Vroom, V.H.1
  • 84
    • 84980245834 scopus 로고
    • Self esteem, internal control, and expectancy beliefs of White and Black managers in South Africa
    • Orpen, C., & Nkohande, J. (1977). Self esteem, internal control, and expectancy beliefs of White and Black managers in South Africa. Journal of Management Studies, 14(20), 192 9.
    • (1977) Journal of Management Studies , vol.14 , Issue.20 , pp. 192-199
    • Orpen, C.1    Nkohande, J.2
  • 85
    • 0021050514 scopus 로고
    • Expectancy theory in developing nations: Motivating Botswana public servants
    • Mueller, K. J. (1983). Expectancy theory in developing nations: Motivating Botswana public servants. Public Administration and Development, 3(3), 265 74.
    • (1983) Public Administration and Development , vol.3 , Issue.3 , pp. 265-274
    • Mueller, K.J.1
  • 88
    • 85122396651 scopus 로고
    • Reading, MA: Addison Wesley
    • Hackman, R. J., & Oldham, G. R. (1980). Work redesign. Reading, MA: Addison Wesley.
    • (1980)
    • Hackman, R.J.1    Oldham, G.R.2
  • 90
    • 84979324811 scopus 로고
    • The motivation to work among Finnish supervisors
    • Herzberg, F. (1965). The motivation to work among Finnish supervisors. Personnel Psychology, 18, 393 402
    • (1965) Personnel Psychology , vol.18 , pp. 393-402
    • Herzberg, F.1
  • 91
    • 85122346633 scopus 로고
    • Cleveland, OH: World Publishing Company
    • Herzberg, F. (1966). Work and the nature of man. Cleveland, OH: World Publishing Company.
    • (1966)
    • Herzberg, F.1
  • 92
    • 33749616000 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health worker motivation in Africa: The role of non financial incentives and human resource management tools
    • Mathauer, I., & Imhoff, I. (2006). Health worker motivation in Africa: The role of non financial incentives and human resource management tools. Human Resources for Health, 4, 4 24.
    • (2006) Human Resources for Health , vol.4 , pp. 4-24
    • Mathauer, I.1    Imhoff, I.2
  • 93
    • 85122355984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Boston: Harvard Business School Press
    • Hackman, R. J. (2002). Leading teams: Setting the stage for great performance. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
    • (2002)
    • Hackman, R.J.1
  • 94
    • 0002697296 scopus 로고
    • The bases of social power
    • In D. Cartwright (Ed.), Evanston, IL: Row & Peterson
    • French, J. R. P., & Raven, B. (1962). The bases of social power. In D. Cartwright (Ed.), Group dynamics: Research and theory, pp. 607 23. Evanston, IL: Row & Peterson.
    • (1962) Group dynamics: Research and theory
    • French, J.R.P.1    Raven, B.2
  • 96
    • 0040927099 scopus 로고
    • The bases and uses of power in organizational decision making
    • Salancik, G., & Pfeffer, J. (1974). The bases and uses of power in organizational decision making. Administrative Science Quarterly, 19, 453 73.
    • (1974) Administrative Science Quarterly , vol.19 , pp. 453-473
    • Salancik, G.1    Pfeffer, J.2
  • 98
    • 85122408849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 14th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall
    • Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2011). Organizational behavior, 14th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall.
    • (2011)
    • Robbins, S.P.1    Judge, T.A.2
  • 99
    • 85122407972 scopus 로고
    • New York: Irvington
    • McClelland, D. C. (1975). Power: The inner experience. New York: Irvington.
    • (1975)
    • McClelland, D.C.1
  • 101
    • 85122365478 scopus 로고
    • New York: Harper & Row
    • Milgram, S. (1974). Obedience to authority: An experimental view. New York: Harper & Row.
    • (1974)
    • Milgram, S.1
  • 103
    • 85122386246 scopus 로고
    • Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
    • Barnard, C. (1938). The functions of the executive. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • (1938)
    • Barnard, C.1
  • 104
    • 0000466222 scopus 로고
    • Development and application of new scales to measure the French and Raven (1959). Bases of social power
    • Hinken, T. R., & Schriesheim, C. A. (1989). Development and application of new scales to measure the French and Raven (1959). Bases of social power. Journal of Applied Psychology, 74, 561 67
    • (1989) Journal of Applied Psychology , vol.74 , pp. 561-567
    • Hinken, T.R.1    Schriesheim, C.A.2
  • 105
    • 85122395409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall
    • Robbins, S. P. (2009). Self assessment library. Version 3.4. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall.
    • (2009)
    • Robbins, S.P.1
  • 106
    • 85122383610 scopus 로고
    • New York: McGraw Hill
    • Fiedler, F. E. (1977). A theory of leadership effectiveness. New York: McGraw Hill.
    • (1977)
    • Fiedler, F.E.1
  • 107
    • 84909042936 scopus 로고
    • A path goal theory of leadership effectiveness
    • House, R. J. (1971). A path goal theory of leadership effectiveness. Administrative Science Quarterly, 16, 321 38
    • (1971) Administrative Science Quarterly , vol.16 , pp. 321-338
    • House, R.J.1
  • 108
    • 0001074310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Path goal theory ofleadership: Lessons, legacy, and a reformulated theory
    • House, R. J. (1996). Path goal theory ofleadership: Lessons, legacy, and a reformulated theory. Leadership Quarterly, 7, 323 52
    • (1996) Leadership Quarterly , vol.7 , pp. 323-352
    • House, R.J.1
  • 109
    • 0000281712 scopus 로고
    • Path goal theories of leader ship: A meta analysis
    • Wofford, J. C., & Liska, L. Z. (1993). Path goal theories of leader ship: A meta analysis. Journal of Management, 19(4), 857 76.
    • (1993) Journal of Management , vol.19 , Issue.4 , pp. 857-876
    • Wofford, J.C.1    Liska, L.Z.2
  • 110
    • 85122390883 scopus 로고
    • Pittsburgh, PA: Pittsburgh University Press
    • Vroom, V. H., & Yetton, P. W. (1973). Leadership and decision making. Pittsburgh, PA: Pittsburgh University Press.
    • (1973)
    • Vroom, V.H.1    Yetton, P.W.2
  • 113
    • 0001450023 scopus 로고
    • A 1976 theory of charismatic leadership
    • In J. G. Hunt, & L. L. Larson (Eds.), Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press
    • House, R. J. (1977). A 1976 theory of charismatic leadership. In J. G. Hunt, & L. L. Larson (Eds.), Leadership: The cutting edge, pp. 189 207. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press
    • (1977) Leadership: The cutting edge , pp. 189-207
    • House, R.J.1
  • 114
    • 85122375196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
    • Khurana, R. (2002). Searching for a corporate savior: The irrational quest for charismatic CEOs. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
    • (2002)
    • Khurana, R.1
  • 115
    • 58149322472 scopus 로고
    • Relationship based approach to leadership: Development of leader member exchange (LMX) theory of leadership over 25 years Applying a multi domain perspective
    • Graen, G. B., & Uhl Bien, M. (1995). Relationship based approach to leadership: Development of leader member exchange (LMX) theory of leadership over 25 years Applying a multi domain perspective. Leadership Quarterly, 6, 219 47
    • (1995) Leadership Quarterly , vol.6 , pp. 219-247
    • Graen, G.B.1    Uhl Bien, M.2
  • 116
    • 71949125956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Supervisor subordinate convergence in descriptions of leader member exchange (LMX) quality: Review and testable propositions
    • Zhou, X., & Schriesheim, C. A. (2009). Supervisor subordinate convergence in descriptions of leader member exchange (LMX) quality: Review and testable propositions. Leadership Quarterly, 20, 920 32.
    • (2009) Leadership Quarterly , vol.20 , pp. 920-932
    • Zhou, X.1    Schriesheim, C.A.2
  • 117
    • 84970673839 scopus 로고
    • Transformational leadership: Beyond initiation and consideration
    • Seltzer, J., & Bass, B. M. (1990). Transformational leadership: Beyond initiation and consideration. Journal of Management, 16, 693 703
    • (1990) Journal of Management , vol.16 , pp. 693-703
    • Seltzer, J.1    Bass, B.M.2
  • 118
    • 7444265887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transformational and trans actional leadership: A meta analytical review of their relative validity
    • Judge, T. A., & Piccolo, R. F. (2004). Transformational and trans actional leadership: A meta analytical review of their relative validity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89, 755 68.
    • (2004) Journal of Applied Psychology , vol.89 , pp. 755-768
    • Judge, T.A.1    Piccolo, R.F.2
  • 119
    • 79958122437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Servant leadership: A review and synthesis
    • Van Dierendonck, D. (2011). Servant leadership: A review and synthesis. Journal of Management, 37, 1228 61.
    • (2011) Journal of Management , vol.37 , pp. 1228-1261
    • Van Dierendonck, D.1
  • 120
    • 21944444432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Level 5 leadership: The triumph of humility and fierce resolve
    • Collins, J. (2001). Level 5 leadership: The triumph of humility and fierce resolve. Harvard Business Review, 83, 136 46.
    • (2001) Harvard Business Review , vol.83 , pp. 136-146
    • Collins, J.1
  • 122
    • 85122377999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Africa’s leadership crisis
    • Dowden, R. (2008). Africa’s leadership crisis: Time Magazine (June 11). Available from http://www.time.com. Downloaded on May 2, 2012.
    • (2008) Time Magazine
    • Dowden, R.1
  • 123
    • 58149421884 scopus 로고
    • Developmental sequence in small groups
    • Tuckman, B. (1965). Developmental sequence in small groups. Psychological Bulletin, 63(6), 384 99.
    • (1965) Psychological Bulletin , vol.63 , Issue.6 , pp. 384-399
    • Tuckman, B.1
  • 124
    • 0002439131 scopus 로고
    • Time and transition in work teams: Toward a new model of group develop ment
    • Gersick, C. J. G. (1988). Time and transition in work teams: Toward a new model of group develop ment. Academy of Management Journal, 31, 9 41.
    • (1988) Academy of Management Journal , vol.31 , pp. 9-41
    • Gersick, C.J.G.1
  • 125
    • 85122349952 scopus 로고
    • Sydney: Allyn & Bacon
    • Wheelan, S. A. (1994). Group processes: A developmental perspective. Sydney: Allyn & Bacon.
    • (1994)
    • Wheelan, S.A.1
  • 126
    • 0003192881 scopus 로고
    • Revolutionary change theories. A multilevel exploration of the punctuated equilibrium paradigm
    • Gersick, C. J. G. (1991). Revolutionary change theories. A multilevel exploration of the punctuated equilibrium paradigm. Academy ofManagement Review, 16, 10 36.
    • (1991) Academy Ofmanagement Review , vol.16 , pp. 10-36
    • Gersick, C.J.G.1
  • 127
    • 85122388572 scopus 로고
    • Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann
    • Belbin, R. M. (1993). Team roles at work. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann.
    • (1993)
    • Belbin, R.M.1
  • 128
    • 85122351727 scopus 로고
    • Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall
    • McGrath, J. E. (1984). Groups: Interaction and performance. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
    • (1984)
    • McGrath, J.E.1
  • 130
    • 0000732084 scopus 로고
    • Rationality in psychology and economics
    • Simon, H. A. (1986). Rationality in psychology and economics. Journal of Business, 59(4), 209 24.
    • (1986) Journal of Business , vol.59 , Issue.4 , pp. 209-224
    • Simon, H.A.1
  • 132
    • 85122336271 scopus 로고
    • New York: Harper & Row
    • Simon, H. A. (1960). The new science of management decision. New York: Harper & Row.
    • (1960)
    • Simon, H.A.1
  • 134
    • 85122382108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New York: The Free Press
    • March, J. G. (2009). A primer on decision making. New York: The Free Press
    • (2009)
    • March, J.G.1
  • 136
    • 85122361679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 4th ed. New York: The Free Press
    • Simon, H. A. (1997). Administrative behavior, 4th ed. New York: The Free Press.
    • (1997)
    • Simon, H.A.1
  • 138
    • 2442607849 scopus 로고
    • Beyond brainstorming: Effects of different group procedures on selection of ideas and satisfaction with the process
    • Faure, C. (1990). Beyond brainstorming: Effects of different group procedures on selection of ideas and satisfaction with the process. Journal of Creative Behavior, 38, 13 34.
    • (1990) Journal of Creative Behavior , vol.38 , pp. 13-34
    • Faure, C.1
  • 140
    • 0003104102 scopus 로고
    • Computer assisted groups: A critical review of the empirical research
    • In R. A. Guzzo, & E. Salas (Eds.), San Francisco: Jossey Bass
    • Hollingshead, A. B., & McGrawth, J. E. M. (1995). Computer assisted groups: A critical review of the empirical research. In R. A. Guzzo, & E. Salas (Eds.), Team effectiveness and decision making in organizations, pp. 46 78. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.
    • (1995) Team effectiveness and decision making in organizations , pp. 46-78
    • Hollingshead, A.B.1    McGrawth, J.E.M.2
  • 141
    • 0002921448 scopus 로고
    • Availability: A heuristic forjudging frequency and probability
    • In D. Kahneman, P. Slovic, & A. Tversky (Eds.), Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press
    • Tversky, A., & Kahneman, D. (1982). Availability: A heuristic forjudging frequency and probability. In D. Kahneman, P. Slovic, & A. Tversky (Eds.), Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases, pp. 163 78. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1982) Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases , pp. 163-178
    • Tversky, A.1    Kahneman, D.2
  • 142
    • 0000815341 scopus 로고
    • The escalation of commitment to a course of action
    • Staw, B. M. (1981). The escalation of commitment to a course of action. Academy of Management Review, 577 87
    • (1981) Academy of Management Review , pp. 577-587
    • Staw, B.M.1
  • 143
    • 0342642164 scopus 로고
    • Knee deep in the big muddy: A study of escalating commitment to a chosen course of action
    • Staw, B. M. (1976). Knee deep in the big muddy: A study of escalating commitment to a chosen course of action. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 16, 27 44.
    • (1976) Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes , vol.16 , pp. 27-44
    • Staw, B.M.1
  • 144
    • 78649960962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of accuracy motivation on anchor ing and adjustment: Do people adjust from their provided anchors?
    • Simmons, J. P., LeBoeuf, R. A., & Nelson, L. D. (2010). The effect of accuracy motivation on anchor ing and adjustment: Do people adjust from their provided anchors? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 99, 917 32.
    • (2010) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.99 , pp. 917-932
    • Simmons, J.P.1    Leboeuf, R.A.2    Nelson, L.D.3
  • 148
    • 67650345781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Entrepreneurs’ optimism and new venture performance.
    • Hmieleski, K. M., & Baron, R. A. (2009). Entrepreneurs’ optimism and new venture performance. Academy of Management Journal, 52, 473 88.
    • (2009) Academy of Management Journal , vol.52 , pp. 473-488
    • Hmieleski, K.M.1    Baron, R.A.2
  • 149
    • 0001301740 scopus 로고
    • Organizational conflict: Concepts and models
    • Pondy, L. (1967). Organizational conflict: Concepts and models. Administrative Science Quarterly, 17, 296 320.
    • (1967) Administrative Science Quarterly , vol.17 , pp. 296-320
    • Pondy, L.1
  • 150
    • 0000845565 scopus 로고
    • Conflict and negotiation processes in organizations
    • In M. D. Dunnette, & L. M. Hough (Eds.), Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press
    • Thomas, K. W. (1992). Conflict and negotiation processes in organizations. In M. D. Dunnette, & L. M. Hough (Eds.), Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology, 2nd ed., pp. 651 717. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
    • (1992) Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology , pp. 651-717
    • Thomas, K.W.1
  • 151
    • 84920452534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conflicts in the study of conflict in organizations
    • In C. De Dreu, & M. Gelfand (Eds.), New York: Taylor & Francis
    • Tjosvold, D. (2007). Conflicts in the study of conflict in organizations. In C. De Dreu, & M. Gelfand (Eds.), The psychology of conflict and conflict management in organizations. New York: Taylor & Francis, pp. 445 54.
    • (2007) The psychology of conflict and conflict management in organizations , pp. 445-454
    • Tjosvold, D.1
  • 153
    • 85122404892 scopus 로고
    • Reading, MA: Addison Wesley
    • Tjosvold, D. (1991). The conflict positive organization. Reading, MA: Addison Wesley.
    • (1991)
    • Tjosvold, D.1
  • 155
    • 0035216340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distributive spirals: Negotiation impasses and the moderat ing role of disputant self efficacy
    • O’Connor, K. M., & Arnold, J. A. (2001). Distributive spirals: Negotiation impasses and the moderat ing role of disputant self efficacy. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 84, 148 76.
    • (2001) Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes , vol.84 , pp. 148-176
    • O’Connor, K.M.1    Arnold, J.A.2
  • 156
    • 38349168017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The psychology of negotiation: Principles and basic processes
    • In A. W. Kruglanski, & E. T. Higgins (Eds.), New York: Guilford
    • De Dreu, C. K.W., Beersma, B., Steinel, W., & Van Kleef, G. A. (2007). The psychology of negotiation: Principles and basic processes. In A. W. Kruglanski, & E. T. Higgins (Eds.), Social psychology: Handbook of basic principles, 2nd ed., pp. 608 29. New York: Guilford.
    • (2007) , pp. 608-629
    • De Dreu, C.K.W.1    Beersma, B.2    Steinel, W.3    Van Kleef, G.A.4
  • 157
    • 38349179066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conflict at work throughout the history of organizations
    • In C. De Dreu, & M. Gelfand (Eds.), New York: Taylor & Francis
    • Jaffee, D. (2007). Conflict at work throughout the history of organizations. In C. De Dreu, & M. Gelfand (Eds.), The psychology ofconflict and conflict management in organizations. New York: Taylor & Francis, pp. 55 79.
    • (2007) The psychology ofconflict and conflict management in organizations , pp. 55 79
    • Jaffee, D.1
  • 158
    • 21144475286 scopus 로고
    • The experience and effects of conflict in continuing work groups
    • O’Connor, K. M., Gruenfeld, D. H., & McGrath, J. E. (1993). The experience and effects of conflict in continuing work groups. Small Group Research, 24, 362 82.
    • (1993) Small Group Research , vol.24 , Issue.362 , pp. 82
    • O’Connor, K.M.1    Gruenfeld, D.H.2    McGrath, J.E.3
  • 159
    • 0000841879 scopus 로고
    • Conflict and its management
    • Wall, J., & Callister, R. (1995). Conflict and its management. Journal of Management, 21, 515 58.
    • (1995) Journal of Management , vol.21 , Issue.515 , pp. 58
    • Wall, J.1    Callister, R.2
  • 161
    • 0000845565 scopus 로고
    • Conflict and negotiation processes in organizations
    • In M. D. Dunnette, & L. M. Hough (Eds.), Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press
    • Thomas, K. W. (1992). Conflict and negotiation processes in organizations. In M. D. Dunnette, & L. M. Hough (Eds.), Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology, 2nd ed., pp. 651 717. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
    • (1992) Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology , pp. 651 717
    • Thomas, K.W.1
  • 162
    • 85122378370 scopus 로고
    • Homewood, IL: Irwin
    • Scott, W. G., & Mitchell, T. R. (1976). Organizational theory: A structural and behavioral analysis. Homewood, IL: Irwin.
    • (1976)
    • Scott, W.G.1    Mitchell, T.R.2
  • 163
    • 85122389449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 15th ed. New York: Pearson
    • Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2013). Organizational behavior, 15th ed. New York: Pearson.
    • (2013)
    • Robbins, S.P.1    Judge, T.A.2
  • 164
    • 0000534839 scopus 로고
    • The selection of communication media as an executive skill
    • Lengel, R. H., & Daft, R. L. (1988). The selection of communication media as an executive skill. Acad emy ofManagement Executive, 2(3), 225 32.
    • (1988) Acad Emy Ofmanagement Executive , vol.2 , Issue.3 , pp. 225 32
    • Lengel, R.H.1    Daft, R.L.2
  • 165
    • 85122408364 scopus 로고
    • The ten commandments of good communication
    • American Management Association (1955). The ten commandments of good communication. Management Review, October, 704 05.
    • (1955) Management Review , pp. 704 05
  • 166
    • 85122341806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 4th ed. New York: McGraw Hill
    • McShane, S. L., & Von Glinow, M. A. (2008). Organizational behavior, 4th ed. New York: McGraw Hill.
    • (2008)
    • McShane, S.L.1    Von Glinow, M.A.2
  • 167
    • 85122404117 scopus 로고
    • 2nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell
    • March, J., & Simon, H. (1993). Organizations, 2nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell.
    • (1993)
    • March, J.1    Simon, H.2
  • 168
    • 85122360677 scopus 로고
    • Presented to the United States Agency for International Development for discussion at the African Agricultural Development Management Workshop in Easton, Maryland on September 5, 1984
    • Leonard, D. K. (1984). The political realities of African management. Presented to the United States Agency for International Development for discussion at the African Agricultural Development Management Workshop in Easton, Maryland on September 5, 1984.
    • (1984)
    • Leonard, D.K.1
  • 169
    • 85122379355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kenyan Airways (http://www.kenya airways.com). Downloaded on April 13, 2012.
    • (2012) Kenyan Airways
  • 170
    • 85122386502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kumba Company (http://www.kumba.co.za/careers main.php). Downloaded on April 20, 2012.
    • (2012) Kumba Company
  • 171
    • 85122345636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dangote Group (http://www.dangote group.com). Downloaded on April 25, 2012.
    • (2012) Dangote Group
  • 172
    • 0033634585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Capturing learning and applying knowledge: An investigation of the use of innovation teams in Japanese and American automotive firms
    • Forrester, R. H. (2000). Capturing learning and applying knowledge: An investigation of the use of innovation teams in Japanese and American automotive firms. Journal of Business Research, 47(1), 35 45.
    • (2000) Journal of Business Research , vol.47 , Issue.1 , pp. 35 45
    • Forrester, R.H.1
  • 173
    • 84909647514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of training and use of teams on dynamic capa bilities of small manufacturers
    • Daly, P., Bierly, P. III, & Miller, B. (2004). The impact of training and use of teams on dynamic capa bilities of small manufacturers. International Journal of Learning and Intellectual Capital, 1(2), 150 76.
    • (2004) International Journal of Learning and Intellectual Capital , vol.1 , Issue.2 , pp. 150 76
    • Daly, P.1    Bierly, P.2    Miller, B.3
  • 174
    • 85122386264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Working Paper Series, Washington, DC: National Bureau ofEconomic Research
    • LaPorta, R., & Schleifer, A. (2008). The unofficial economy and economic development, Working Paper Series, pp. 1 75. Washington, DC: National Bureau ofEconomic Research.
    • (2008) , pp. 1 75
    • Laporta, R.1    Schleifer, A.2
  • 176
    • 85122379592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poulina Group (http://www.poulinagroupholding.com/en/vision.php). Downloaded on May 2, 2012.
    • (2012) Poulina Group
  • 177
    • 0004905553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An expert HR system for aligning organizational culture and strategy
    • Cabrera, E. F., & Bonache, J. (1998). An expert HR system for aligning organizational culture and strategy. Human Resource Planning, 22(1), 51 60.
    • (1998) Human Resource Planning , vol.22 , Issue.1 , pp. 51 60
    • Cabrera, E.F.1    Bonache, J.2
  • 178
    • 0000931241 scopus 로고
    • Industry determinants of organizational culture
    • Gordon, G. G. (1991). Industry determinants of organizational culture. Academy of Management Review, 16, 396 415.
    • (1991) Academy of Management Review , vol.16 , Issue.396 , pp. 415
    • Gordon, G.G.1
  • 179
    • 85122345636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dangote Group (http://dangotegroup.com/aboutus/managementteam.aspx). Downloaded on May 7, 2012.
    • (2012) Dangote Group
  • 180
    • 85122358670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Orascom Company (http://www.orascomci.com/index.php?id ourvision). Downloaded on May 11, 2012.
    • (2012) Orascom Company
  • 181
    • 85122358670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Orascom Company (http://www.orascomci.com/index.php?idourstrategy). Downloaded on May 12, 2012.
    • (2012) Orascom Company
  • 182
    • 85122349808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall
    • Aguinis, H. (2009). Performance management, 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
    • (2009)
    • Aguinis, H.1
  • 183
    • 85122385079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wafa Assurance Company (http://www.wafaassurance.ma/index.php/fr/lacompagnie/historique.html). Downloaded on May 13, 2012.
    • (2012) Wafa Assurance Company
  • 184
    • 85122381855 scopus 로고
    • New York: Harper & Row
    • Lewin, K. (1951). Field theory in social sciences. New York: Harper & Row.
    • (1951)
    • Lewin, K.1
  • 185
    • 0003621845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Boston: Harvard Business School Press
    • Kotter, P. (1996). Leading change. Boston: Harvard Business School Press
    • (1996) Leading Change
    • Kotter, P.1
  • 186
    • 0002324201 scopus 로고
    • Leading change: Why transformational efforts fail
    • Kotter, J. P. (1995). Leading change: Why transformational efforts fail. Harvard Business Review, January.
    • (1995) Harvard Business Review
    • Kotter, J.P.1
  • 187
    • 85122343587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minority births are new majority
    • Minority births are new majority. Wall Street Journal Online, May 17, 2012. Available online: Http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702303879604577408363003351818.html. Downloaded on May 17, 2012.
    • (2012) Wall Street Journal Online
  • 188
    • 0030305353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is slack good or bad for innovation?
    • Nohria, N., & Gulati, R. (1996). Is slack good or bad for innovation? Academy of Management Journal, 39(5), 1245 64.
    • (1996) Academy of Management Journal , vol.39 , Issue.5 , pp. 64
    • Nohria, N.1    Gulati, R.2
  • 189
    • 0001462036 scopus 로고
    • A model of creativity and innovation in organizations
    • In B. M. Staw, & L. L. Cummings (Eds.)
    • Amabile, T. (1988). A model of creativity and innovation in organizations. In B. M. Staw, & L. L. Cummings (Eds.), Research in Organizational Behavior, 10, 123 67.
    • (1988) Research in Organizational Behavior , vol.10 , Issue.123 , pp. 67
    • Amabile, T.1
  • 193
    • 85023864227 scopus 로고
    • Intolerance for ambiguity as a personality variable
    • Budner, S. (1962). Intolerance for ambiguity as a personality variable. Journal of Personality, 30, 29 50
    • (1962) Journal of Personality , vol.30 , Issue.29 , pp. 50
    • Budner, S.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.