메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 11, Issue 11, 2014, Pages 11325-11347

Comparative in vitro toxicity profile of electronic and tobacco cigarettes, Smokeless tobacco and nicotine replacement therapy products: E-liquids, Extracts and collected aerosols

Author keywords

Aerosol; Condensate; Cytotoxicity; E cigarette; E liquid; In vitro; Inflammation; Mutagenicity; Snuff; Snus

Indexed keywords

INTERLEUKIN 8; NICOTINE; AEROSOL; DNA; NICOTINE GUM; SMOKE;

EID: 84908328821     PISSN: 16617827     EISSN: 16604601     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph111111325     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (129)

References (59)
  • 1
    • 79952545764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tracking the rise in popularity of electronic nicotine delivery systems (electronic cigarettes) using search query surveillance
    • Ayers, J.W.; Ribisl, K.M.; Brownstein, J.S. Tracking the rise in popularity of electronic nicotine delivery systems (electronic cigarettes) using search query surveillance. Am. J. Prev. Med. 2011, 40, 448-453.
    • (2011) Am. J. Prev. Med , vol.40 , pp. 448-453
    • Ayers, J.W.1    Ribisl, K.M.2    Brownstein, J.S.3
  • 4
    • 84884964548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A fresh look at tobacco harm reduction: The case for the electronic cigarette
    • Polosa, R.; Rodu, B.; Caponnetto, P.; Maglia, M.; Raciti, C. A fresh look at tobacco harm reduction: The case for the electronic cigarette. Harm Reduct. J. 2013, 10, doi:10.1186/1477-7517-10-19.
    • (2013) Harm Reduct. J , pp. 10
    • Polosa, R.1    Rodu, B.2    Caponnetto, P.3    Maglia, M.4    Raciti, C.5
  • 8
    • 84896962498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety evaluation and risk assessment of electronic cigarettes as tobacco cigarette substitutes: A systematic review
    • Farsalinos, K.E.; Polosa, R. Safety evaluation and risk assessment of electronic cigarettes as tobacco cigarette substitutes: A systematic review. Ther. Adv. Drug Safety 2014, 5, 67-86.
    • (2014) Ther. Adv. Drug Safety , vol.5 , pp. 67-86
    • Farsalinos, K.E.1    Polosa, R.2
  • 9
    • 84878929968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytotoxicity evaluation of electronic cigarette vapor extract on cultured mammalian fibroblasts (clearstream-life): Comparison with tobacco cigarette smoke extract
    • Romagna, G.; Allifranchini, E.; Bocchietto, E.; Todeschi, S.; Esposito, M.; Farsalinos, K.E. Cytotoxicity evaluation of electronic cigarette vapor extract on cultured mammalian fibroblasts (clearstream-life): Comparison with tobacco cigarette smoke extract. Inhal. Toxicol. 2013, 25, 354-361.
    • (2013) Inhal. Toxicol , vol.25 , pp. 354-361
    • Romagna, G.1    Allifranchini, E.2    Bocchietto, E.3    Todeschi, S.4    Esposito, M.5    Farsalinos, K.E.6
  • 13
    • 84908329110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CORESTA In Vitro Toxicology Task Force, Available online, (accessed on 27 October 2014)
    • CORESTA In Vitro Toxicology Task Force. The Rationale and Strategy for Conducting In Vitro Toxicology Testing of Tobacco Smoke. Available online: http://www.coresta.org/Reports/IVT_TF_Rationale-IVT-Testing-Tob.-Smoke_Report_Jun04.pdf (accessed on 27 October 2014).
    • The Rationale and Strategy for Conducting In Vitro Toxicology Testing of Tobacco Smoke
  • 17
    • 0021990499 scopus 로고
    • Toxicity determined in vitro by morphological alterations and neutral red absorption
    • Borenfreund, E.; Puerner, J.A. Toxicity determined in vitro by morphological alterations and neutral red absorption. Toxicol. Letters 1985, 24, 119-124.
    • (1985) Toxicol. Letters , vol.24 , pp. 119-124
    • Borenfreund, E.1    Puerner, J.A.2
  • 18
    • 0029610346 scopus 로고
    • The role of chemical structure and cell type in the cytotoxicity of low molecular weight aldehydes and pyridines
    • Bombick, D.W.; Doolittle, D.J. The role of chemical structure and cell type in the cytotoxicity of low molecular weight aldehydes and pyridines. In Vitro Toxicol. 1995, 8, 349-356.
    • (1995) In Vitro Toxicol , vol.8 , pp. 349-356
    • Bombick, D.W.1    Doolittle, D.J.2
  • 20
    • 34447341443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A modified ames assay reveals the mutagenicity of native cigarette mainstream smoke and its gas vapour phase
    • Aufderheide, M.; Gressmann, H. A modified ames assay reveals the mutagenicity of native cigarette mainstream smoke and its gas vapour phase. Exp. Toxicol. Pathol. 2007, 58, 383-392.
    • (2007) Exp. Toxicol. Pathol , vol.58 , pp. 383-392
    • Aufderheide, M.1    Gressmann, H.2
  • 21
    • 0020533372 scopus 로고
    • Revised methods for the salmonella mutagenicity test
    • Maron, D.M.; Ames, B.N. Revised methods for the salmonella mutagenicity test. Mutat. Res. 1983, 113, 173-215.
    • (1983) Mutat. Res , vol.113 , pp. 173-215
    • Maron, D.M.1    Ames, B.N.2
  • 22
    • 34248523857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of an automated in vitro micronucleus assay in CHO-K1 cells
    • Diaz, D.; Scott, A.; Carmichael, P.; Shi, W.; Costales, C. Evaluation of an automated in vitro micronucleus assay in CHO-K1 cells. Mutat. Res. 2007, 630, 1-13.
    • (2007) Mutat. Res , vol.630 , pp. 1-13
    • Diaz, D.1    Scott, A.2    Carmichael, P.3    Shi, W.4    Costales, C.5
  • 23
    • 79951679077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A core in vitro genotoxicity battery comprising the AMES test plus the in vitro micronucleus test is sufficient to detect rodent carcinogens and in vivo genotoxins
    • Kirkland, D.; Reeve, L.; Gatehouse, D.; Vanparys, P. A core in vitro genotoxicity battery comprising the AMES test plus the in vitro micronucleus test is sufficient to detect rodent carcinogens and in vivo genotoxins. Mutat. Res. 2011, 721, 27-73.
    • (2011) Mutat. Res , vol.721 , pp. 27-73
    • Kirkland, D.1    Reeve, L.2    Gatehouse, D.3    Vanparys, P.4
  • 25
    • 17644394616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoldering and polarized inflammation in the initiation and promotion of malignant disease
    • Balkwill, F.; Charles, K.A.; Mantovani, A. Smoldering and polarized inflammation in the initiation and promotion of malignant disease. Cancer Cell 2005, 7, 211-217.
    • (2005) Cancer Cell , vol.7 , pp. 211-217
    • Balkwill, F.1    Charles, K.A.2    Mantovani, A.3
  • 26
    • 84866168663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of electronic cigarette refill fluid cytotoxicity using embryonic and adult models
    • Bahl, V.; Lin, S.; Xu, N.; Davis, B.; Wang, Y.H.; Talbot, P. Comparison of electronic cigarette refill fluid cytotoxicity using embryonic and adult models. Reprod. Toxicol. 2012, 34, 529-537.
    • (2012) Reprod. Toxicol , vol.34 , pp. 529-537
    • Bahl, V.1    Lin, S.2    Xu, N.3    Davis, B.4    Wang, Y.H.5    Talbot, P.6
  • 27
    • 37549042349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An in vitro approach to assess the toxicity of inhaled tobacco smoke components: Nicotine, cadmium, formaldehyde and urethane
    • Balharry, D.; Sexton, K.; BeruBe, K.A. An in vitro approach to assess the toxicity of inhaled tobacco smoke components: Nicotine, cadmium, formaldehyde and urethane. Toxicology 2008, 244, 66-76.
    • (2008) Toxicology , vol.244 , pp. 66-76
    • Balharry, D.1    Sexton, K.2    Berube, K.A.3
  • 28
    • 84875766056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The resolving power of in vitro genotoxicity assays for cigarette smoke particulate matter
    • Scott, K.; Saul, J.; Crooks, I.; Camacho, O.M.; Dillon, D.; Meredith, C. The resolving power of in vitro genotoxicity assays for cigarette smoke particulate matter. Toxicol. in Vitro 2013, 27, 1312-1319.
    • (2013) Toxicol. in Vitro , vol.27 , pp. 1312-1319
    • Scott, K.1    Saul, J.2    Crooks, I.3    Camacho, O.M.4    Dillon, D.5    Meredith, C.6
  • 29
    • 3543074613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Micronuclei induced by aneugens and clastogens in mononucleate and binucleate cells using cytokinesis block assay
    • Rosefort, C.; Fauth, E.; Zankl, H. Micronuclei induced by aneugens and clastogens in mononucleate and binucleate cells using cytokinesis block assay. Mutagenesis 2004, 19, 277-284.
    • (2004) Mutagenesis , vol.19 , pp. 277-284
    • Rosefort, C.1    Fauth, E.2    Zankl, H.3
  • 31
    • 66149192420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • α,β-Unsaturated aldehydes contained in cigarette smoke elicit IL-8 release in pulmonary cells through mitogen-activated protein kinases
    • Moretto, N.; Facchinetti, F.; Southworth, T.; Civelli, M.; Singh, D.; Patacchini, R. α,β-Unsaturated aldehydes contained in cigarette smoke elicit IL-8 release in pulmonary cells through mitogen-activated protein kinases. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol. 2009, 296, L839-L848.
    • (2009) Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol , vol.296 , pp. L839-L848
    • Moretto, N.1    Facchinetti, F.2    Southworth, T.3    Civelli, M.4    Singh, D.5    Patacchini, R.6
  • 32
    • 1842609944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An overview of the effects of tobacco ingredients on smoke chemistry and toxicity
    • Baker, R.R.; Massey, E.D.; Smith, G. An overview of the effects of tobacco ingredients on smoke chemistry and toxicity. Food Chem. Toxicol. 2004, 42, S53-S83.
    • (2004) Food Chem. Toxicol , vol.42 , pp. S53-S83
    • Baker, R.R.1    Massey, E.D.2    Smith, G.3
  • 33
    • 84855221095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro toxicological evaluation of cigarette smoke particulate matter: Effect of Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) as solvent
    • Misra, M.; Leverette, R.D.; Hamm, J.T.; Vulimiri, S.V. In vitro toxicological evaluation of cigarette smoke particulate matter: Effect of Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) as solvent. Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International 2010, 24, 2-9.
    • (2010) Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International , vol.24 , pp. 2-9
    • Misra, M.1    Leverette, R.D.2    Hamm, J.T.3    Vulimiri, S.V.4
  • 34
    • 84881025295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro micronucleus assay for the analysis of total particulate matter in cigarette smoke: Comparison of flow cytometry and laser scanning cytometry with microscopy
    • Jianhua, Y.; Gao, Q.; Mi, Q.; Li, X.; Miao, M.; Cheng, P.; Luo, Y. In vitro micronucleus assay for the analysis of total particulate matter in cigarette smoke: Comparison of flow cytometry and laser scanning cytometry with microscopy. Mutat. Res. 2013, 755, 120-125.
    • (2013) Mutat. Res , vol.755 , pp. 120-125
    • Jianhua, Y.1    Gao, Q.2    Mi, Q.3    Li, X.4    Miao, M.5    Cheng, P.6    Luo, Y.7
  • 35
    • 33947214401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of smoking conditions and methods of collection on the mutagenicity and cytotoxicity of cigarette mainstream smoke
    • Rickert, W.S.; Trivedi, A.H.; Momin, R.A.; Wright, W.G.; Lauterbach, J.H. Effect of smoking conditions and methods of collection on the mutagenicity and cytotoxicity of cigarette mainstream smoke. Toxicol. Sci. 2007, 96, 285-293.
    • (2007) Toxicol. Sci , vol.96 , pp. 285-293
    • Rickert, W.S.1    Trivedi, A.H.2    Momin, R.A.3    Wright, W.G.4    Lauterbach, J.H.5
  • 36
    • 26944436699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene expression in Normal Human Bronchial Epithelial (NHBE) cells following in vitro exposure to cigarette smoke condensate
    • Fields, W.R.; Leonard, R.M.; Odom, P.S.; Nordskog, B.K.; Ogden, M.W.; Doolittle, D.J. Gene expression in Normal Human Bronchial Epithelial (NHBE) cells following in vitro exposure to cigarette smoke condensate. Toxicol. Sci. 2005, 86, 84-91.
    • (2005) Toxicol. Sci , vol.86 , pp. 84-91
    • Fields, W.R.1    Leonard, R.M.2    Odom, P.S.3    Nordskog, B.K.4    Ogden, M.W.5    Doolittle, D.J.6
  • 37
    • 0027247805 scopus 로고
    • Oxidants in cigarette smoke. Radicals, hydrogen peroxide, peroxynitrate, and peroxynitrite
    • Pryor, W.A.; Stone, K. Oxidants in cigarette smoke. Radicals, hydrogen peroxide, peroxynitrate, and peroxynitrite. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1993, 686, 12-28.
    • (1993) Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci , vol.686 , pp. 12-28
    • Pryor, W.A.1    Stone, K.2
  • 39
    • 84922432036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of select analytes in aerosol from e-cigarettes with smoke from conventional cigarettes and with ambient air
    • Tayyarah, R.; Long, G.A. Comparison of select analytes in aerosol from e-cigarettes with smoke from conventional cigarettes and with ambient air. Reg. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 2014, 2014, doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2014.10.010.
    • (2014) Reg. Toxicol. Pharmacol , pp. 2014
    • Tayyarah, R.1    Long, G.A.2
  • 40
    • 77957185270 scopus 로고
    • Effect of chronic cigarette smoke exposure on lung clearance of tracer particles inhaled by rats
    • Finch, G.L.; Nikula, K.J.; Chen, B.T.; Barr, E.B.; Chang, I.Y.; Hobbs, C.H. Effect of chronic cigarette smoke exposure on lung clearance of tracer particles inhaled by rats. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 1995, 24, 76-85.
    • (1995) Fundam. Appl. Toxicol , vol.24 , pp. 76-85
    • Finch, G.L.1    Nikula, K.J.2    Chen, B.T.3    Barr, E.B.4    Chang, I.Y.5    Hobbs, C.H.6
  • 41
    • 79960860218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The scientific foundation for tobacco harm reduction, 2006-2011
    • Rodu, B. The scientific foundation for tobacco harm reduction, 2006-2011. Harm Reduct. J. 2011, 8, doi:10.1186/1477-7517-8-19.
    • (2011) Harm Reduct. J , vol.8
    • Rodu, B.1
  • 42
    • 84871597636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reducing harm from tobacco use
    • McNeill, A.; Munafò, M.R. Reducing harm from tobacco use. J. Psychopharmacol. 2012, 2012, doi:10.1177/0269881112458731.
    • (2012) J. Psychopharmacol , vol.2012
    • McNeill, A.1    Munafò, M.R.2
  • 43
    • 84891746076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tobacco harm reduction: The need for new products that can compete with cigarettes
    • Fagerström, K.O.; Bridgmanb, K. Tobacco harm reduction: The need for new products that can compete with cigarettes. Addict. Behav. 2014, 39, 507-511.
    • (2014) Addict. Behav , vol.39 , pp. 507-511
    • Fagerström, K.O.1    Bridgmanb, K.2
  • 44
    • 42149123353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Should Australia lift its ban on low nitrosamine 576 smokeless tobacco products?
    • Gartner, C.E.; Hall, W.D. Should Australia lift its ban on low nitrosamine 576 smokeless tobacco products? Med. J. Aust. 2008, 188, 44-46.
    • (2008) Med. J. Aust , vol.188 , pp. 44-46
    • Gartner, C.E.1    Hall, W.D.2
  • 45
    • 84879400138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tobacco harm reduction: Opportunity and opposition
    • Phillips, C.V.; Rodu, B. Tobacco harm reduction: Opportunity and opposition. Drugs Alcohol Today 2013, 13, 73-78.
    • (2013) Drugs Alcohol Today , vol.13 , pp. 73-78
    • Phillips, C.V.1    Rodu, B.2
  • 47
    • 67649215360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness and safety of nicotine replacement therapy assisted reduction to stop smoking: Systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Moore, D.; Aveyard, P.; Connock, M.; Wang, D.; Fry-Smith, A.; Barton, P. Effectiveness and safety of nicotine replacement therapy assisted reduction to stop smoking: Systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 2009, 338, doi:10.1136/bmj.b1024.
    • (2009) BMJ , pp. 338
    • Moore, D.1    Aveyard, P.2    Connock, M.3    Wang, D.4    Fry-Smith, A.5    Barton, P.6
  • 49
    • 84899138644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics, perceived side effects and benefits of electronic cigarette use: A worldwide survey of more than 19,000 consumers
    • Farsalinos, K.E.; Romagna, G.; Tsiapras, D.; Kyrzopoulos, S.; Voudris, V. Characteristics, perceived side effects and benefits of electronic cigarette use: A worldwide survey of more than 19,000 consumers. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2014, 11, 4356-4373.
    • (2014) Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health , vol.11 , pp. 4356-4373
    • Farsalinos, K.E.1    Romagna, G.2    Tsiapras, D.3    Kyrzopoulos, S.4    Voudris, V.5
  • 50
    • 84908051522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electronic cigarettes: Review of use, content, safety, effects on smokers and potential for harm and benefit
    • Hajek, P.; Etter, J.-F.; Benowitz, B.; Eissenberg, T.; McRobbie, H. Electronic cigarettes: Review of use, content, safety, effects on smokers and potential for harm and benefit. Addiction 2014, 2014, doi:10.1111/add.12659.
    • (2014) Addiction , pp. 2014
    • Hajek, P.1    Etter, J.-F.2    Benowitz, B.3    Eissenberg, T.4    McRobbie, H.5
  • 51
    • 84908347106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online, (accessed 20 November 2013)
    • Ruyan®E-cigarette Bench-Top Tests. Available online: http://www.healthnz.co.nz/DublinEcigBenchtopHandout.pdf (accessed 20 November 2013).
    • Ruyan®E-cigarette Bench-Top Tests
  • 52
    • 77049100193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online, (accessed on 10 November 2013)
    • Evaluation of e-Cigarettes. Available online: http://www.fda.gov/downloads/drugs/Scienceresearch/UCM173250.pdf (accessed on 10 November 2013).
    • Evaluation of e-Cigarettes
  • 53
    • 78149357447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of amino-tadalafil and rimonabant in electronic cigarette products using high pressure liquid chromatography with diode array and tandem mass spectrometric detection
    • Hadwiger, M.; Trehy, M.; Ye, W.; Moore, T.; Allgire, J.; Westenberger, B. Identification of amino-tadalafil and rimonabant in electronic cigarette products using high pressure liquid chromatography with diode array and tandem mass spectrometric detection. J. Chromatogr. A. 2010, 1217, 7547-7555.
    • (2010) J. Chromatogr. A , vol.1217 , pp. 7547-7555
    • Hadwiger, M.1    Trehy, M.2    Ye, W.3    Moore, T.4    Allgire, J.5    Westenberger, B.6
  • 54
    • 78951492637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electronic cigarettes as a harm reduction strategy for tobacco control: A step forward or a repeat of past mistakes
    • Cahn, Z.; Siegel, M. Electronic cigarettes as a harm reduction strategy for tobacco control: A step forward or a repeat of past mistakes? J. Public Health Policy 2011, 32, 16-31.
    • (2011) J. Public Health Policy , vol.32 , pp. 16-31
    • Cahn, Z.1    Siegel, M.2
  • 56
    • 84876784797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of tobacco-specific nitrosamines in replacement liquids of electronic cigarettes by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
    • Kim, H.; Shin, H. Determination of tobacco-specific nitrosamines in replacement liquids of electronic cigarettes by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A. 2013, 1291, 48-55.
    • (2013) J. Chromatogr. A , vol.1291 , pp. 48-55
    • Kim, H.1    Shin, H.2
  • 57
    • 84882246514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of refill liquids for electronic cigarettes
    • Etter, J.; Zäther, E.; Svensson, S. Analysis of refill liquids for electronic cigarettes. Addiction 2013, 108, 1671-1679.
    • (2013) Addiction , vol.108 , pp. 1671-1679
    • Etter, J.1    Zäther, E.2    Svensson, S.3
  • 58
    • 84875165218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metal and silicate particles including nanoparticles are present in electronic cigarette cartomizer fluid and aerosol
    • Williams, M.; Villarreal, A.; Bozhilov, K.; Lin, S.; Talbot, P. Metal and silicate particles including nanoparticles are present in electronic cigarette cartomizer fluid and aerosol. PLoS One 2013, 8, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0057987.
    • (2013) PLoS One , vol.8
    • Williams, M.1    Villarreal, A.2    Bozhilov, K.3    Lin, S.4    Talbot, P.5
  • 59
    • 84897631300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peering through the mist: Systematic review of what the chemistry of contaminants in electronic cigarettes tells us about health risks
    • Burstyn, I. Peering through the mist: Systematic review of what the chemistry of contaminants in electronic cigarettes tells us about health risks. BMC Public Health 2014, 14, doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-18.
    • (2014) BMC Public Health , vol.14
    • Burstyn, I.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.