Irritant contact dermatitis

Reviews on Environmental Health

Volumn 29, Issue 3, 2014, Pages 195-206

  Ale, Iris S ^a   Maibach, Howard I ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF URUGUAY   (Uruguay)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

contact dermatitis; cutaneous toxicity; irritancy; irritant contact dermatitis; irritants

Indexed keywords

IRRITANT AGENT;

DERMATITIS, CONTACT; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; HUMAN; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; TOXICITY;

DERMATITIS, CONTACT; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; HUMANS; IRRITANTS;

EID: 84908089762     PISSN: 00487554     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2014-0060     Document Type: Article

References (75)

1. Mathias CGT. Contact dermatitis and workers' compensation: criteria for establishing occupational causation and aggravation. J Am Acad Dermatol 1989; 20: 842-8.
2. Mathias CG, Maibach HI. Dermatotoxicology monographs I. Cutaneous irritation: factors influencing the response to irritants. Clin Toxicol 1978; 13: 333-46.
3. Wigger-Alberti W, Elsner P. Contact dermatitis due to irritation. In: Kanerva L, Elsner P, Wahlberg JE, Maibach HI, editors. Handbook of occupational dermatology. New York: Springer-Verlag, 2000: 99-110.
4. Baadsgaard O, Wang T. Immune regulation in allergic and irritant skin reactions. Int J Dermatol 1991; 30: 161-72.
5. Levin CY, Maibach HI. Irritant contact dermatitis: is there an immunologic component? Int Immunopharmacol 2002; 2: 183-9.
6. Ale SI, Maibach HI. Mechanisms of allergic and irritant contact dermatitis. In: Zhai H, Wilhelm KP, Maibach HI, editors. Dermatotoxicology, 7th ed. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 2007: 159-66.
7. Matzinger P. Tolerance, danger, and the extended family. Annu Rev Immunol 1994; 12: 991-1045.
8. Matzinger P. The danger model: a renewed sense of self. Science 2002; 296: 301-5.
9. Janeway CA Jr, Medzhitov R. Innate immune recognition. Annu Rev Immunol 2002; 20: 197-216.
10. Fukata M, Vamadevan AS, Abreu MT. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and Nod-like receptors (NLRs) in inflammatory disorders. Semin Immunol 2009; 21: 242-53.
11. Chen G, Shaw MH, Kim YG, Nunez G. NOD-like receptors: role in innate immunity and inflammatory disease. Annu Rev Pathol 2009; 4: 365-98.
12. Martinon F, Mayor A, Tschopp J. The inflammasomes: guardians of the body. Annu Rev Immunol 2009; 27: 229-65.
13. Freudenberg MA, Esser PR, Jakob T, Galanos C, Martin SF. Innate and adaptive immune responses in contact dermatitis: analogy with infections. G Ital Dermatol Venereol 2009; 144: 173-85.
14. Lambrecht BN, Leung D-YM. Initiation and maintenance of allergic inflammation: team work at the interface of innate and adaptive immunity. Curr Opin Immunol 2011; 23: 769-71.
15. Martin SF, Jakob T. From innate to adaptive immune responses in contact hypersensitivity. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2008; 8: 289-93.
16. Edele F, Esser PN, Lass C, Laszczyk MN, Oswald E, et al. Innate and adaptive immune responses in allergic contact dermatitis and autoimmune skin diseases. Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets 2007; 6: 236-44.
17. Zhang L, Tinkle SS. Chemical activation of innate and specific immunity in contact dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 2000; 115: 168-76.
18. Ale SI, Maibach HI. Immunologic mechanisms in allergic and irritant contact dermatitis. Dermatotoxicology, 8th ed. London, England: Informa Books, 2012: 104-7.
19. Dearman RJ, Cumberbatch M, Portsmouth C, Maxwell G, Basketter DA, et al. Synergistic effects of chemical insult and toll-like receptor ligands on dendritic cell activation. Toxicol In Vitro 2008; 22: 1927-34.
20. Basketter DA, Kan-King-Yu D, Dierkes P, Jowsey IR. Does irritation potency contribute to the skin sensitization potency of contact allergens? Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2007; 26: 279-86.
21. Cumberbatch M, Dearman RJ, Groves RW, Antonopoulos C, Kimber I. Differential regulation of epidermal Langerhans cell migration by interleukins (IL)-1 alpha and IL-1 beta during irritant- and allergen-induced cutaneous immune responses. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2002; 182: 126-35.
22. Hunziker T, Brand CU, Kapp A, Waelti ER, Braathen LR. Increased levels of inflammatory cytokines in human skin lymph derived from sodium lauryl sulphate-induced contact dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 1992; 127: 254-7.
23. Enk AH, Katz SI. Early molecular events in the induction phase of contact sensitivity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1992; 89: 1398-402.
24. Groves RW, Allen MH, Ross EL, Barker JN, MacDonald DM. Tumour necrosis factor alpha is proinflammatory in normal human skin and modulates cutaneous adhesion molecule expression. Br J Dermatol 1995: 132: 345-52.
25. Davis JA, Visscher MO, Wickett RR, Hoath SB. Influence of tumour necrosis factor-á polymorphism-308 and atopy on irritant contact dermatitis in healthcare workers. Contact Dermatitis 2010; 63: 320-32.
26. Piguet PF, Grau GE, Hauser C, Vassali P. Tumour necrosis factor is a critical mediator in hapten induced irritant and contact hypersensitivity reactions. J Exp Med 1991; 173: 673-9.
27. de Jongh CM, John SM, Bruynzeel DP, Calkoen F, van Dijk FJ, et al. Cytokine gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to chronic irritant contact dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 2008; 58: 269-77.
28. Berg EL, Yoshino T, Rott LS, Robinson MK, Warnock RA, et al. The cutaneous lymphocyte antigen is a skin lymphocyte homing receptor for the vascular lectin endothelial cell-leukocyte adhesion molecule 1. J Exp Med 1991; 174: 1461-6.
29. Eberhard Y, Ortiz S, Ruiz Lascano A, Kuznitzky R, Serra HM. Up-regulation of the chemokine CCL21 in the skin of subjects. exposed to irritants. BMC Immunol 2004; 26: 7.
30. Chew A, Maibach HI. Ten genotypes of irritant contact dermatitis. In: Chew A, Maibach HI, editors. Irritant contact dermatitis. Berlin: Springer Verlag, 2006: 5-9.
31. Bruze M, Fregert S, Gruvberger B. Chemical skin burns. In: Kanerva L, Elsner P, Wahlberg JE, Maibach HI, editors. Handbook of occupational dermatology. Berlin: Springer, 2000: 325-32.
32. Malten KE, den Arend JA, Wiggers RE. Delayed irritation: hexanediol diacrylate and butanediol diacrylate. Contact Dermatitis 1979; 5: 178-84.
33. Nethercott JR, Gupta S, Rosen C, Enders LJ, Pilger CW. Tetraethylene glycol diacrylate. A cause of delayed cutaneous irritant reaction and allergic contact dermatitis. J Occup Med 1984; 26: 513-6.
34. Lammintausta K, Maibach HI, Wilson D. Mechanisms of subjective (sensory) irritation. Propensity to non-immunologic contact urticaria and objective irritation in stingers. Dermatosen Beruf Umwelt 1988; 36: 45-9.
35. Willis CM, Shaw S, De Lacharrière O, Baverel M, Reiche L, et al. Sensitive skin: an epidemiological study. Br J Dermatol 2001; 145: 258-63.
36. Amin S, Baran R, Maibach HI. Sensitive skin: what is it? In: Baran R, Maibach HI, editors. Textbook of cosmetic dermatology. London: Martin Dunitz, 1998: 343-9.
37. Charbonnier V, Morrison BM Jr, Paye M, Maibach HI. Subclinical, non-erythematous irritation with an open assay model (washing): sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) versus sodium laureth sulfate (SLES). Food Chem Toxicol 2001; 39: 279-86.
38. Charbonnier V, Morrison BM Jr, Paye M, Maibach HI. An open assay model to induce subclincal non-erythematous irritation. Contact Dermatitis 2000; 42: 207-11.
39. Mathias CG. Post-traumatic eczema. Dermatol Clin 1988; 6: 35-42.
40. McMullen E, Gawkrodger DJ. Physical friction is under-recognized as an irritant that can cause or contribute to contact dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 2006; 154: 154-6.
41. Akimoto K, Yoshikawa N, Higaki Y, Kawashima M, Imokawa G. Quantitative analysis of stratum corneum lipids in xerosis and asteatotic eczema. J Dermatol 1993; 20: 1-6.
42. Horii I, Nakayama Y, Obata M, Tagami H. Stratum corneum hydration and amino acid content in xerotic skin. Br J Dermatol 1989; 121: 587-92.
43. Ancona AA. Occupational acne. Occup Med 1986; 1: 229-43.
44. Farkas J. Oil acne from mineral oil among workers making prefabricated concrete panels. Contact Dermatitis 1982; 8: 141.
45. Das M, Misra MP. Acne and folliculitis due to diesel oil. Contact Dermatitis 1988; 18: 120-1.
46. Ju Q, Zouboulis CC, Xia L. Environmental pollution and acne: Chloracne. Dermatoendocrinol. 2009; 1: 125-8.
47. Coenraads PJ, Tang NJ. Chloracne. Contact Dermatitis 2005; 53: 123.
48. Violante FS, Milani S, Malenchini G, Barbieri A. Chloracne due to o-dichlorobenzene in a laboratory worker. Contact Dermatitis 2005; 52: 108.
49. Yamamoto O, Tokura Y. Photocontact dermatitis and chloracne: two major occupational and environmental skin diseases induced by different actions of halogenated chemicals. J Dermatol Sci 2003; 32: 85-94.
50. Chew AL, Maibach HI. Occupational issues of irritant contact dermatitis. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2003; 76: 339-46.
51. Björkner BE. Industrial airborne dermatoses. Dermatol Clin 1994; 12: 501-9.
52. Sertoli A, Francalanci S, Giorgini S. Fiberglass dermatitis. In: Kanerva L, Elsner P, Wahlberg JE, Maibach HI, editors. Handbook of occupational dermatology. Berlin: Springer, 2000: 122-34.
53. Visser MJ, Landeck L, Campbell LE, McLean WH, Weidinger S, et al. Impact of atopic dermatitis and loss-of-function mutations in the filaggrin gene on the development of occupational irritant contact dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 2013; 168: 326-32.
54. Landeck L, Visser M, Skudlik C, Brans R, Kezic S, et al. Clinical course of occupational irritant contact dermatitis of the hands in relation to filaggrin genotype status and atopy. Br J Dermatol 2012; 167: 1302-9.
55. Allen MH, Wakelin SH, Holloway D, Lisby S, Baadsgaard O, et al. Association of TNFA gene polymorphism at position 308 with susceptibility to irritant contact dermatitis. Immunogenetics 2000; 51: 201-5.
56. Landeck L, Visser M, Kezic S, John SM. Impact of tumour necrosis factor-á polymorphisms on irritant contact dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 2012; 66: 221-7.
57. Landeck L, Visser M, Kezic S, John SM. IL1A-889 C/T gene polymorphism in irritant contact dermatitis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2013; 27: 1040-3.
58. Kezic SI, Visser MJ, Verberk MM. Individual susceptibility to occupational contact dermatitis. Ind Health. 2009; 47: 469-78.
59. Ale SI, Maibach HI. Operational definition of occupational allergic contact dermatitis. In: Kanerva L, Elsner P, Wahlberg JE, Maibach HI, editors. Handbook of occupational dermatology. Berlin, New York, Heidelberg: Springer, 2000: 344-51.
60. Ale SI, Maibach HI. Diagnostic approach in allergic and irritant contact dermatitis. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2010; 6: 291-310.
61. Saary J, Qureshi R, Palda V, DeKoven J, Pratt M, et al. A systematic review of contact dermatitis treatment and prevention. J Am Acad Dermatol 2005; 53: 845-55.
62. Choi JM, Lee JY, Cho BK. Chronic irritant contact dermatitis: recovery time in man. Contact Dermatitis 2000; 42: 264-9.
63. Lee JY, Effendy I, Maibach HI. Acute irritant contact dermatitis: recovery time in man. Contact Dermatitis 1997; 36: 285-90.
64. Ellenbecker MJ. Engineering controls as an intervention to reduce worker exposure. Am J Ind Med 1996; 29: 303-307.
65. Klotz A, Veeger M, Rocher W. Skin cleansers for occupational use: testing the skin compatibility of different formulations. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2003; 76: 367-73.
66. Ortonne J-P. Skin cleansing: an important problem in occupational dermatology. Wiener Med Wochenschr 1990; 108: 19-21.
67. Bauer A, Schmitt J, Bennett C, Coenraads PJ, Elsner P, et al. Interventions for preventing occupational irritant hand dermatitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 201016; CD004414.
68. Levin Ch, Bashir SJ, Maibach HI. Treatment of irritant contact dermatitis. In: Chew A, Maibach HI, editors. Irritant contact dermatitis. Berlin: Springer Verlag, 2006: 461-8.
69. Levin C, Zhai H, Bashir S, Chew AL, Anigbogu A, et al. Efficacy of corticosteroids in acute experimental irritant contact dermatitis? Skin Res Technol 2001; 7: 214-8.
70. Le TK, DeMon P, Schalkwijk J, van der Valk PG. Effect of a topical corticosteroid, a retinoid and a vitamin D3 derivative on sodium dodecyl sulphate induced skin irritation. Contact Dermatitis 1997; 37: 19-26.
71. Clemmensen A, Andersen F, Petersen TK, Hagberg O, Andersen KE. Applicability of an exaggerated forearm wash test for efficacy testing of two corticosteroids, tacrolimus and glycerol, in topical formulations against skin irritation induced by two different irritants. Skin Res Technol 2011; 17: 56-62.
72. Fuchs M, Schliemann-Willers S, Heinemann C, Elsner P. Tacrolimus enhances irritation in a 5-day human irritancy in vivo model. Contact Dermatitis 2002; 46: 290-4.
73. Engel K, Reuter J, Seiler C, Schulte Mönting J, Jakob T, et al. Anti-inflammatory effect of pimecrolimus in the sodium lauryl sulphate test. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2008; 22: 447-50.
74. Rosen K, Mobacken H, Swanbeck G. Chronic eczematous dermatitis of the hands. a comparison of PUVA and UVB treatment. Acta Dermato Venereologica (Stockh) 1987; 67: 48-54.
75. Hahn GH. Strontium is a potent and selective inhibitor of sensory irritation. Dermatol Surg 1999; 25: 689-94.