Promise and pitfalls of heavy-particles therapy

Journal of Clinical Oncology

Volumn , Issue 26, 2014, Pages 2855-2863

  Mitin, Timur ^a,b   Zietman, Anthony L ^a  

^a MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United States)

^b OREGON HEALTH AND SCIENCE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

PROTON;

BREAST CANCER; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; CHONDROSARCOMA; CHORDOMA; CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA; CRANIOSPINAL IRRADIATION; DIGESTIVE SYSTEM CANCER; EPENDYMOMA; GLIOBLASTOMA; GLIOMA; HEAD AND NECK CANCER; HEALTH CARE; HEALTH CARE COST; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HUMAN; INTENSITY MODULATED RADIATION THERAPY; MEDULLOBLASTOMA; MENINGIOMA; NON SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER; PHASE 2 CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); PHASE 3 CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); PHOTON; PROSTATE CANCER; PROTON RADIATION; PROTON THERAPY; RADIATION DOSE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); RETINOBLASTOMA; REVIEW; RHABDOMYOSARCOMA; UVEA MELANOMA; NEOPLASMS; RADIATION RESPONSE; ADULT DISEASE; BRAIN TUMOR; CHILDHOOD CANCER; LUNG CANCER; META ANALYSIS; META ANALYSIS (TOPIC); PHASE 1 CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); PRIORITY JOURNAL;

DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, RADIATION; HUMANS; NEOPLASMS; PROTON THERAPY; PROTONS; RADIOTHERAPY DOSAGE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS AS TOPIC;

EID: 84907010602     PISSN: 0732183X     EISSN: 15277755     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2014.55.1945     Document Type: Review

References (87)

1. Wilson RR: Radiological use of fast protons. Radiology 47:487, 1946
2. Lawrence JH, Tobias CA, Born JL, et al: Pituitary irradiation with high-energy proton beams: A preliminary report. Cancer Res 18:121-134, 1958
3. Hadron Therapy Patient Statistics: Particle Therapy Co-Operative Group, 2013. http://www.ptcog.ch/archive/patient-statistics/PatientstatisticsupdateMar2013.pdf
4. Goitein M: Radiation Oncology: A Physicist's- Eye View. New York, NY, Springer, 2007
5. Urie MM, Sisterson JM, Koehler AM, et al: Proton beam penumbra: Effects of separation between patient and beam modifying devices. Med Phys 13:734-741, 1986
6. Andreo P: On the clinical spatial resolution achievable with protons and heavier charged particle radiotherapy beams. Phys Med Biol 54:N205-N215, 2009
7. Khan FM: The Physics of Radiation Therapy (ed 3). Philadelphia, PA, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2003
8. Liu HH, Balter P, Tutt T, et al: Assessing respiration-induced tumor motion and internal target volume using four-dimensional computed tomography for radiotherapy of lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 68:531-540, 2007
9. Roeske JC, Forman JD, Mesina CF, et al: Evaluation of changes in the size and location of the prostate, seminal vesicles, bladder, and rectum during a course of external beam radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 33:1321- 1329, 1995
10. Beadle BM, Jhingran A, Salehpour M, et al: Cervix regression and motion during the course of external beam chemoradiation for cervical cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 73:235-241, 2009
11. Paganetti H: Range uncertainties in proton therapy and the role of Monte Carlo simulations. Phys Med Biol 57:R99-R117, 2012
12. Park PC, Cheung JP, Zhu XR, et al: Statistical assessment of proton treatment plans under setup and range uncertainties. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 86:1007-1013, 2013
13. Park PC, Zhu XR, Lee AK, et al: A beamspecific planning target volume (PTV) design for proton therapy to account for setup and range uncertainties. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 82:e329- e336, 2012
14. DeLaney TF, Kooy HM: Proton and Charged Particle Radiotherapy. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2008
15. Goitein M, Goitein G: Swedish protons. Acta Oncol 44:793-797, 2005
16. Schulz-Ertner D, Tsujii H: Particle radiation therapy using proton and heavier ion beams. J Clin Oncol 25:953-964, 2007
17. Olsen DR, Bruland OS, Frykholm G, et al: Proton therapy: A systematic review of clinical effectiveness. Radiother Oncol 83:123-132, 2007
18. McDonald MW, Fitzek MM: Proton therapy. Curr Probl Cancer 34:257-296, 2010
19. DeLaney TF: Proton therapy in the clinic. Front Radiat Ther Oncol 43:465-485, 2011
20. Bassal M, Mertens AC, Taylor L, et al: Risk of selected subsequent carcinomas in survivors of childhood cancer: A report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study. J Clin Oncol 24:476-483, 2006
21. Oeffinger KC, Mertens AC, Sklar CA, et al: Chronic health conditions in adult survivors of childhood cancer. N Engl J Med 355:1572-1582, 2006
22. Chung CS, Yock TI, Nelson K, et al: Incidence of second malignancies among patients treated with proton versus photon radiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 87:46-52, 2013
23. Bekelman JE, Schultheiss T, Berrington De Gonzalez A: Subsequent malignancies after photon versus proton radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 87:10-12, 2013
24. Sethi RV, Shih HA, Yeap BY, et al: Second nonocular tumors among survivors of retinoblastoma treated with contemporary photon and proton radiotherapy. Cancer 120:126-133, 2013
25. St Clair WH, Adams JA, Bues M, et al: Advantage of protons compared to conventional X-ray or IMRT in the treatment of a pediatric patient with medulloblastoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 58: 727-734, 2004
26. Lee CT, Bilton SD, Famiglietti RM, et al: Treatment planning with protons for pediatric retinoblastoma, medulloblastoma, and pelvic sarcoma: How do protons compare with other conformal techniques? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 63:362- 372, 2005
27. Newhauser WD, Fontenot JD, Mahajan A, et al: The risk of developing a second cancer after receiving craniospinal proton irradiation. Phys Med Biol 54:2277-2291, 2009
28. Kumar RJ, Zhai H, Both S, et al: Breast cancer screening for childhood cancer survivors after craniospinal irradiation with protons versus x-rays: A dosimetric analysis and review of the literature. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 35:462-467, 2013
29. Travis LB, Hill DA, Dores GM, et al: Breast cancer following radiotherapy and chemotherapy among young women with Hodgkin disease. JAMA 290:465-475, 2003
30. Lundkvist J, Ekman M, Ericsson SR, et al: Economic evaluation of proton radiation therapy in the treatment of breast cancer. Radiother Oncol 75:179-185, 2005
31. Jimenez RB, Sethi R, Depauw N, et al: Proton radiation therapy for pediatric medulloblastoma and supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumors: Outcomes for very young children treated with upfront chemotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 87:120-126, 2013
32. Johnstone PA, McMullen KP, Buchsbaum JC, et al: Pediatric CSI: Are protons the only ethical approach? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 87:228-230, 2013
33. Kozak KR, Adams J, Krejcarek SJ, et al: A dosimetric comparison of proton and intensitymodulated photon radiotherapy for pediatric parameningeal rhabdomyosarcomas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 74:179-186, 2009
34. Timmermann B, Schuck A, Niggli F, et al: Spot-scanning proton therapy for malignant soft tissue tumors in childhood: First experiences at the Paul Scherrer Institute. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 67:497-504, 2007
35. Yock T, Schneider R, Friedmann A, et al: Proton radiotherapy for orbital rhabdomyosarcoma: Clinical outcome and a dosimetric comparison with photons. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 63:1161-1168, 2005
36. MacDonald SM, Safai S, Trofimov A, et al: Proton radiotherapy for childhood ependymoma: Initial clinical outcomes and dose comparisons. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 71:979-986, 2008
37. Macdonald SM, Sethi R, Lavally B, et al: Proton radiotherapy for pediatric central nervous system ependymoma: Clinical outcomes for 70 patients. Neuro Oncol 15:1552-1559, 2013
38. Merchant TE, Hua CH, Shukla H, et al: Proton versus photon radiotherapy for common pediatric brain tumors: Comparison of models of dose characteristics and their relationship to cognitive function. Pediatr Blood Cancer 51:110-117, 2008
39. Fitzek MM, Linggood RM, Adams J, et al: Combined proton and photon irradiation for craniopharyngioma: Long-term results of the early cohort of patients treated at Harvard Cyclotron Laboratory and Massachusetts General Hospital. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 64:1348-1354, 2006
40. Luu QT, Loredo LN, Archambeau JO, et al: Fractionated proton radiation treatment for pediatric craniopharyngioma: Preliminary report. Cancer J 12: 155-159, 2006
41. Zietman AL, Bae K, Slater JD, et al: Randomized trial comparing conventional-dose with highdose conformal radiation therapy in early-stage adenocarcinoma of the prostate: Long-term results from Proton Radiation Oncology Group/American College of Radiology 95-09. J Clin Oncol 28:1106- 1111, 2010
42. Zelefsky MJ, Chan H, Hunt M, et al: Longterm outcome of high dose intensity modulated radiation therapy for patients with clinically localized prostate cancer. J Urol 176:1415-1419, 2006
43. Trofimov A, Nguyen PL, Coen JJ, et al: Radiotherapy treatment of early-stage prostate cancer with IMRT and protons: A treatment planning comparison. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 69:444-453, 2007
44. Kuban DA, Tucker SL, Dong L, et al: Longterm results of the M. D. Anderson randomized dose-escalation trial for prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 70:67-74, 2008
45. Talcott JA, Rossi C, Shipley WU, et al: Patientreported long-term outcomes after conventional and high-dose combined proton and photon radiation for early prostate cancer. JAMA 303:1046-1053, 2010
46. Sheets NC, Goldin GH, Meyer AM, et al: Intensity-modulated radiation therapy, proton therapy, or conformal radiation therapy and morbidity and disease control in localized prostate cancer. JAMA 307:1611-1620, 2012
47. Yu JB, Soulos PR, Herrin J, et al: Proton versus intensity-modulated radiotherapy for prostate cancer: Patterns of care and early toxicity. J Natl Cancer Inst 105:25-32, 2013
48. American Society for Therapeutic Radiation Oncology: Choosing Wisely Campaign: Five things physicians and patients should question. http:// www.choosingwisely.org/doctor-patient-lists/ american-society-for-radiation-oncology/2013
49. Grimm P, Billiet I, Bostwick D, et al: Comparative analysis of prostate-specific antigen free survival outcomes for patients with low, intermediate and high risk prostate cancer treatment by radical therapy: Results from the Prostate Cancer Results Study Group. BJU Int 109:22-29, 2012
50. Foote RL, Stafford SL, Petersen IA, et al: The clinical case for proton beam therapy. Radiat Oncol 7:174, 2012
51. Wang Z, Nabhan M, Schild SE, et al: Charged particle radiation therapy for uveal melanoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 86:18-26, 2013
52. Colli B, Al-Mefty O: Chordomas of the craniocervical junction: Follow-up review and prognostic factors. J Neurosurg 95:933-943, 2001
53. Debus J, Schulz-Ertner D, Schad L, et al: Stereotactic fractionated radiotherapy for chordomas and chondrosarcomas of the skull base. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 47:591-596, 2000
54. Clarke M, Collins R, Darby S, et al: Effects of radiotherapy and of differences in the extent of surgery for early breast cancer on local recurrence and 15-year survival: An overview of the randomised trials. Lancet 366:2087-2106, 2005
55. Lomax AJ, Cella L, Weber D, et al: Potential role of intensity-modulated photons and protons in the treatment of the breast and regional nodes. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 55:785-792, 2003
56. Johansson J, Isacsson U, Lindman H, et al: Node-positive left-sided breast cancer patients after breast-conserving surgery: Potential outcomes of radiotherapy modalities and techniques. Radiother Oncol 65:89-98, 2002
57. Weber DC, Ares C, Lomax AJ, et al: Radiation therapy planning with photons and protons for early and advanced breast cancer: An overview. Radiat Oncol 1:22, 2006
58. MacDonald SM, Patel SA, Hickey S, et al: Proton therapy for breast cancer after mastectomy: Early outcomes of a prospective clinical trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 86:484-490, 2013
59. Jimenez RB, Goma C, Nyamwanda J, et al: Intensity modulated proton therapy for postmastectomy radiation of bilateral implant reconstructed breasts: A treatment planning study. Radiother Oncol 107:213-217, 2013
60. Taghian AG, Kozak KR, Katz A, et al: Accelerated partial breast irradiation using proton beams: Initial dosimetric experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 65:1404-1410, 2006
61. Kozak KR, Katz A, Adams J, et al: Dosimetric comparison of proton and photon three-dimensional, conformal, external beam accelerated partial breast irradiation techniques. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 65:1572- 1578, 2006
62. Bush DA, Slater JD, Garberoglio C, et al: A technique of partial breast irradiation utilizing proton beam radiotherapy: Comparison with conformal x-ray therapy. Cancer J 13:114-118, 2007
63. Kozak KR, Smith BL, Adams J, et al: Accelerated partial-breast irradiation using proton beams: Initial clinical experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 66:691-698, 2006
64. Bush DA, Slater JD, Garberoglio C, et al: Partial breast irradiation delivered with proton beam: Results of a phase II trial. Clin Breast Cancer 11:241- 245, 2011
65. Chang JH, Lee NK, Kim JY, et al: Phase II trial of proton beam accelerated partial breast irradiation in breast cancer. Radiother Oncol 108:209-214, 2013
66. Tian G, Li N, Li G: Dosimetric comparing between proton beam and photon beam for lung cancer radiotherapy: A meta-analysis [in Chinese]. Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi 16:252-260, 2013
67. De Ruysscher D, Chang JY: Clinical controversies: Proton therapy for thoracic tumors. Semin Radiat Oncol 23:115-119, 2013
68. Oshiro Y, Sakurai H: The use of proton-beam therapy in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer. Expert Rev Med Devices 10:239-245, 2013
69. Liao Z, Lin SH, Cox JD: Status of particle therapy for lung cancer. Acta Oncol 50:745-756, 2011
70. Willers H, Azzoli CG, Santivasi WL, et al: Basic mechanisms of therapeutic resistance to radiation and chemotherapy in lung cancer. Cancer J 19:200- 207, 2013
71. Bradley JD, Paulus R, Komaki R: A randomized phase III comparison of standard-dose (60 Gy) versus high-dose (74 Gy) conformal chemoradiotherapy - cetuximab for stage IIIA/IIIB non-small cell lung cancer: Preliminary findings on radiation dose in RTOG 0617. 53rd Annual Meeting of ASTRO, Miami, FL, October 2-6, 2011
72. Cox JD: Are the results of RTOG 0617 mysterious? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 82:1042-1044, 2012
73. Chang JY, Komaki R, Lu C, et al: Phase 2 study of high-dose proton therapy with concurrent chemotherapy for unresectable stage III nonsmall cell lung cancer. Cancer 117:4707-4713, 2011
74. Grutters JP, Kessels AG, Pijls-Johannesma M, et al: Comparison of the effectiveness of radiotherapy with photons, protons and carbon-ions for non-small cell lung cancer: A meta-analysis. Radiother Oncol 95:32-40, 2010
75. Timmerman R, McGarry R, Yiannoutsos C, et al: Excessive toxicity when treating central tumors in a phase II study of stereotactic body radiation therapy for medically inoperable early-stage lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 24:4833-4839, 2006
76. Westover KD, Seco J, Adams JA, et al: Proton SBRT for medically inoperable stage I NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 7:1021-1025, 2012
77. cobalt gray equivalent for glioblastoma multiforme: Results of a phase II prospective trial. J Neurosurg 91:251-260, 1999
78. Mizumoto M, Tsuboi K, Igaki H, et al: Phase I/II trial of hyperfractionated concomitant boost proton radiotherapy for supratentorial glioblastoma multiforme. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 77:98-105, 2010
79. Wenkel E, Thornton AF, Finkelstein D, et al: Benign meningioma: Partially resected, biopsied, and recurrent intracranial tumors treated with combined proton and photon radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 48:1363-1370, 2000
80. Noë l G, Bollet MA, Calugaru V, et al: Functional outcome of patients with benign meningioma treated by 3D conformal irradiation with a combination of photons and protons. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 62:1412-1422, 2005
81. Weber DC, Lomax AJ, Rutz HP, et al: Spotscanning proton radiation therapy for recurrent, residual or untreated intracranial meningiomas. Radiother Oncol 71:251-258, 2004
82. Slater JD, Yonemoto LT, Mantik DW, et al: Proton radiation for treatment of cancer of the oropharynx: Early experience at Loma Linda University Medical Center using a concomitant boost technique. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 62:494-500, 2005
83. Fitzek MM, Thornton AF, Varvares M, et al: Neuroendocrine tumors of the sinonasal tract: Results of a prospective study incorporating chemotherapy, surgery, and combined proton-photon radiotherapy. Cancer 94:2623-2634, 2002
84. Truong MT, Kamat UR, Liebsch NJ, et al: Proton radiation therapy for primary sphenoid sinus malignancies: Treatment outcome and prognostic factors. Head Neck 31:1297-1308, 2009
85. Skinner HD, Hong TS, Krishnan S: Chargedparticle therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Semin Radiat Oncol 21:278-286, 2011
86. Monjazeb AM, Blackstock AW: The impact of multimodality therapy of distal esophageal and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinomas on treatmentrelated toxicity and complications. Semin Radiat Oncol 23:60-73, 2013
87. Zietman A, Goitein M, Tepper JE: Technology evolution: Is it survival of the fittest? J Clin Oncol 28:4275-4279, 2010