Supplementation with three different macular carotenoid formulations in patients with early age-related macular degeneration

Retina

Volumn 34, Issue 9, 2014, Pages 1757-1766

  Sabour Pickett, Sarah ^a,b,c   Beatty, Stephen ^b,c   Connolly, Eithne ^b,c   Loughman, James ^a,d   Stack, Jim ^b   Howard, Alan ^e   Klein, Ronald ^f   Klein, Barbara E ^f   Meuer, Stacy M ^f   Myers, Chelsea E ^f   Akuffo, Kwadwo O ^b   Nolan, John M ^b,c  

^a DUBLIN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (Ireland)

^b South East Technological University   (Ireland)

^c Institute of Eye Surgery   (Ireland)

^d University of KwaZulu Natal Faculty of Health Sciences   (South Africa)

^e Howard Foundation   (United Kingdom)

^f UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

Author keywords

Age related macular degeneration; Lutein; Meso zeaxanthin; Visual performance; Zeaxanthin

Indexed keywords

CAROTENOID; MESOZEAXANTHIN; ULTRA LUTEIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; XANTHOPHYLL; ZEAXANTHIN; DRUG; MESO-ZEAXANTHIN; VISUAL PIGMENT;

AGED; ARTICLE; CONTRAST SENSITIVITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; OPTICAL DENSITY; PHOTOMETRY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RETINA MACULA AGE RELATED DEGENERATION; SINGLE BLIND PROCEDURE; VISION; VISUAL ACUITY; VITAMIN SUPPLEMENTATION; COMPARATIVE STUDY; DRUG COMBINATION; DRUG EFFECTS; MACULAR DEGENERATION; METABOLISM; MIDDLE AGED; ORAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY;

ADMINISTRATION, ORAL; AGED; CONTRAST SENSITIVITY; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; FEMALE; HUMANS; LUTEIN; MACULAR DEGENERATION; MACULAR PIGMENT; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS; PHOTOMETRY; SINGLE-BLIND METHOD; VISUAL ACUITY; ZEAXANTHINS;

EID: 84906937076     PISSN: 0275004X     EISSN: 15392864     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000000174     Document Type: Article

References (67)

1. Bressler NM. Age-related macular degeneration is the leading cause of blindness. JAMA 2004;291:1900-1901.
2. Kelliher C, Kenny D, O'Brien C. Trends in blind registration in the adult population of the Republic of Ireland 1996-2003. Br J Ophthalmol 2006;90:367-371.
3. Owen CG, Jarrar Z, Wormald R, et al. The estimated prevalence and incidence of late stage age related macular degeneration in the UK. Br J Ophthalmol 2012;96:752-756.
4. Rosenfeld PJ, Rich RM, Lalwani GA. Ranibizumab: phase III clinical trial results. Ophthalmol Clin North Am 2006;19:361-372.
5. Trieschmann M, van Kuijk FJ, Alexander R, et al. Macular pigment in the human retina: histological evaluation of localization and distribution. Eye (Lond) 2008;22:132-137.
6. Hammond BR, Wooten BR, Snodderly DM. Individual variations in the spatial profile of human macular pigment. J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis 1997;14:1187-1196.
7. Bone RA, Landrum JT, Hime GW, et al. Stereochemistry of the human macular carotenoids. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1993;34:2033-2040.
8. Snodderly DM, Brown PK, Delori FC, Auran JD. The macular pigment. I. Absorbance spectra, localization, and discrimination from other yellow pigments in primate retinas. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1984;25:660-673.
9. Tomany SC, Cruickshanks KJ, Klein R, et al. Sunlight and the 10-year incidence of age-related maculopathy: the Beaver Dam Eye study. Arch Ophthalmol 2004;122:750-757.
10. Beatty S, Koh H, Phil M, et al. The role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration. Surv Ophthalmol 2000;45:115-134.
11. Nolan JM, Stack J, O'Donovan O, Loane E, Beatty S. Risk factors for age-related maculopathy are associated with a relative lack of macular pigment. Exp Eye Res 2007;84:61-74.
12. Seddon JM, Ajani UA, Sperduto RD, et al. Dietary carotenoids, vitamins A, C, and E, and advanced age-related macular degeneration. Eye Disease Case-Control Study Group. JAMA 1994;272:1413-1420.
13. Mares-Perlman JA, Fisher AI, Klein R, et al. Lutein and zeaxanthin in the diet and serum and their relation to age-related maculopathy in the third national health and nutrition examination survey. Am J Epidemiol 2001;153:424-432.
14. Snellen ELM, Verbeek ALM, Van Den Hoogen GWP, et al. Neovascular age-related macular degeneration and its relationship to antioxidant intake. Acta Ophthalmol Scand 2002;80: 368-371.
15. San Giovanni JP, Chew EY, Clemons TE, et al, AREDS Research Group. Dietary lipid intake and incident advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS). Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2005; 46:2382.
16. Tan JS, Wang JJ, Flood V, et al. Dietary antioxidants and the long-term incidence of age-related macular degeneration the Blue Mountains Eye Study. Ophthalmology 2007;115:334-341.
17. Antioxidant status and neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Eye Disease Case-Control Study Group. Arch Ophthalmol 1993;111:104-109.
18. Delcourt C, Carriere I, Delage M, et al. Plasma lutein and zeaxanthin and other carotenoids as modifiable risk factors for age-related maculopathy and cataract: the POLA Study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2006;47:2329-2335.
19. Fletcher AE, Bentham GC, Agnew M, et al. Sunlight exposure, antioxidants, and age-related macular degeneration. Arch Ophthalmol 2008;126:1396-1403.
20. Hammond BR, Johnson EJ, Russell RM, et al. Dietary modification of human macular pigment density. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1997;38:1795-1801.
21. Johnson EJ, Hammond BR, Yeum KJ, et al. Relation among serum and tissue concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin and macular pigment density. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;71:1555-1562.
22. Bone RA, Landrum JT, Guerra LH, et al. Lutein and zeaxanthin dietary supplements raise macular pigment density and serum concentrations of these carotenoids in humans. J Nutr 2003;133:992-998.
23. Trieschmann M, Beatty S, Nolan JM, et al. Changes in macular pigment optical density and serum concentrations of its constituent carotenoids following supplemental lutein and zeaxanthin: the LUNA study. Exp Eye Res 2007;84:718-728.
24. Schalch W, Cohn W, Barker FM, et al. Xanthophyll accumulation in the human retina during supplementation with lutein or zeaxanthin-the LUXEA (LUtein Xanthophyll Eye Accumulation) study. Arch Biochem Biophys 2007;458:128-135.
25. Richer S, Devenport J, Lang JC. LAST II: differential temporal responses of macular pigment optical density in patients with atrophic age-related macular degeneration to dietary supplementation with xanthophylls. Optometry 2007;78:213-219.
26. Nolan JM, Loughman J, Akkali MC, et al. The impact of macular pigment augmentation on visual performance in normal subjects: COMPASS. Vision Res 2011;51:459-469.
27. Sommerburg O, Keunen JE, Bird AC, van Kuijk FJ. Fruits and vegetables that are sources for lutein and zeaxanthin: the macular pigment in human eyes. Br J Ophthalmol 1998;82: 907-910.
28. Perry A, Rasmussen H, Johnson EJ. Xanthophyll (lutein, zeaxanthin) content in fruits, vegetables and corn and egg products. J Food Compost Anal 2009;22:9-15.
29. Maoka T, Arai A, Shimizu M, Matsuno T. The first isolation of enantiomeric and meso-zeaxanthin in nature. Comp Biochem Physiol B 1986;83:121-124.
30. Connolly EE, Beatty S, Thurnham DI, et al. Augmentation of macular pigment following supplementation with all three macular carotenoids: an exploratory study. Curr Eye Res 2010;35:335-351.
31. Loughman J, Akkali MC, Beatty S, et al. The relationship between macular pigment and visual performance. Vision Res 2010;50:1249-1256.
32. Engles M, Wooten B, Hammond B. Macular pigment: a test of the acuity hypothesis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2007;48: 2922-2931.
33. Kvansakul J, Rodriguez-Carmona M, Edgar DF, et al. Supplementation with the carotenoids lutein or zeaxanthin improves human visual performance. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2006;26: 362-371.
34. Stringham JM, Hammond BR Jr. The glare hypothesis of macular pigment function. Optom Vis Sci 2007;84:859-864.
35. Wooten BR, Hammond BR. Macular pigment: influences on visual acuity and visibility. Prog Retin Eye Res 2002;21: 225-240.
36. Richer S, Stiles W, Statkute L, et al. Double-masked, placebocontrolled, randomized trial of lutein and antioxidant supplementation in the intervention of atrophic age-related macular degeneration: the Veterans LAST study (Lutein Antioxidant Supplementation Trial). Optometry 2004;75:216-230.
37. Richer SP, Stiles W, Graham-Hoffman K, et al. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of zeaxanthin and visual function in patients with atrophic age-related macular degeneration: the Zeaxanthin and Visual Function Study (ZVF) FDA IND #78, 973. Optometry 2011;82:667-680.
38. Beatty S, Chakravarthy U, Nolan JM, et al. Secondary outcomes in a clinical trial of carotenoids with coantioxidants versus placebo in early age-related macular degeneration. Ophthalmology 2013;120:600-606.
39. Johnson EJ, Neuringer M, Russell RM, et al. Nutritional manipulation of primate retinas, III: effects of lutein or zeaxanthin supplementation on adipose tissue and retina of xanthophyll-free monkeys. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2005; 46:692-702.
40. Bone RA, Landrum JT, Friedes LM, et al. Distribution of lutein and zeaxanthin stereoisomers in the human retina. Exp Eye Res 1997;64:211-218.
41. Bhosale P, Bernstein PS. Synergistic effects of zeaxanthin and its binding protein in the prevention of lipid membrane oxidation. Biochim Biophys Acta 2005;1740:116-121.
42. Li B, Ahmed F, Bernstein PS. Studies on the singlet oxygen scavenging mechanism of human macular pigment. Arch Biochem Biophys 2010;504:56-60.
43. Landrum JT, Bone RA. Lutein, zeaxanthin, and the macular pigment. Arch Biochem Biophys 2001;385:28-40.
44. Billsten HH, Bhosale P, Yemelyanov A, et al. Photophysical properties of xanthophylls in carotenoproteins from human retinas. Photochem Photobiol 2003;78:138-145.
45. Kirby ML, Beatty S, Loane E, et al. A central dip in the macular pigment spatial profile is associated with age and smoking. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2010;51:6722-6728.
46. Nolan JM, Akkali MC, Loughman J, et al. Macular carotenoid supplementation in subjects with atypical spatial profiles of macular pigment. Exp Eye Res 2012;101:9-15.
47. Wooten BR, Hammond BR, Land RI, Snodderly DM. A practical method for measuring macular pigment optical density. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1999;40:2481-2489.
48. Loane E, Stack J, Beatty S, Nolan JM. Measurement of macular pigment optical density using two different heterochromatic flicker photometers. Curr Eye Res 2007;32:555-564.
49. Stringham JM, Hammond BR. Macular pigment and visual performance under glare conditions. Optom Vis Sci 2008;85: 82-88.
50. Klein R, Davis MD, Magli YL, et al. The Wisconsin agerelated maculopathy grading system. Ophthalmology 1991; 98:1128-1134.
51. Sparrow JM, Dickinson AJ, Duke AM. The Wisconsin agerelated macular degeneration grading system: performance in an independent centre. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 1997;4:49-55.
52. Klein R, Klein BE, Knudtson MD, et al. Fifteen-year cumulative incidence of age-related macular degeneration: the Beaver Dam Eye Study. Ophthalmology 2007;114:253-262.
53. Connolly EE, Beatty S, Loughman J, et al. Supplementation with all three macular carotenoids: response, stability, and safety. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2011;52:9207-9217.
54. Cohen J. Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. 2nd ed. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 1988.
55. Stangos N, Voutas S, Topouzis F, Karampatakis V. Contrast sensitivity evaluation in eyes predisposed to age-related macular degeneration and presenting normal visual acuity. Ophthalmologica 1995;209
56. Landrum JT, Bone RA, Moore LL, Gomez CM. Analysis of zeaxanthin distribution within individual human retinas. Methods Enzymol 1999;299:457-467.
57. Piermarocchi S, Saviano S, Parisi V, et al. Carotenoids in Agerelated Maculopathy Italian Study (CARMIS): two-year results of a randomized study. Eur J Ophthalmol 2011;22:216-225.
58. Sasamoto Y, Gomi F, Sawa M, et al. Effect of 1-year lutein supplementation on macular pigment optical density and visual function. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2011; 249:1847-1854.
59. Bartlett HE, Eperjesi F. Effect of lutein and antioxidant dietary supplementation on contrast sensitivity in age-related macular disease: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Clin Nutr 2007;61: 1121-1127.
60. Ma L, Yan SF, Huang YM, et al. Effect of lutein and zeaxanthin on macular pigment and visual function in patients with early age-related macular degeneration. Ophthalmology 2012; 119:2290-2297.
61. Neelam K, Hogg RE, Stevenson MR, et al. Carotenoids and co-antioxidants in age-related maculopathy: design and methods. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2008;15:389-401.
62. Chew EY, SanGiovanni JP, Ferris FL, et al. Lutein/zeaxanthin for the treatment of age-related cataract: AREDS2 randomized trial report no. 4. JAMA Ophthalmol 2013;131:843-850.
63. Chew EY, Clemons TE, SanGiovanni JP, et al. Secondary analyses of the effects of lutein/zeaxanthin on age-related macular degeneration progression: AREDS2 report no. 3. JAMA Ophthalmol 2013;132:142-149.
64. Kassoff A, Kassoff J, Buehler J, et al. A randomized, placebocontrolled, clinical trial of high-dose supplementation with vitamins C and E, beta carotene, and zinc for age-related macular degeneration and vision loss-AREDS report no. 8. Arch Ophthalmol 2001;119:1417-1436.
65. Akuffo KO, Beatty S, Stack J, et al. Central retinal enrichment supplementation trials: design and methodology. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2014;21:111-123.
66. European Society of Cardiology. European Guidelines on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention; EJCPR 2007;14(suppl 2):S1-S113.
67. World Health Organization. Definition and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and intermediate hyperglycemia. Geneva: WHO; 2006.