Mechanical exfoliation of graphite in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMIM-PF6) providing graphene nanoplatelets that exhibit enhanced electrocatalysis

Journal of Power Sources

Volumn 271, Issue , 2014, Pages 312-325

  Hayes, William Ignatius ^a   Lubarsky, Gennady ^a   Li, Meixian ^b   Papakonstantinou, Pagona ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ULSTER   (United Kingdom)

^b PEKING UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

1 Butyl 3 methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate; Electrocatalysis; Grinding; Nitrogen doped graphene nanoplatelets; Oxygen reduction reaction; Pyrolysis

Indexed keywords

ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY; CATALYSIS; CHRONOAMPEROMETRY; DOPING (ADDITIVES); ELECTROCATALYSIS; ELECTROCATALYSTS; ELECTROLYTIC REDUCTION; GRAPHENE; GRINDING (MACHINING); NITROGEN; PYROLYSIS; X RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY;

1-BUTYL-3-METHYL-IMIDAZOLIUM HEXAFLUOROPHOSPHATE; ELECTRON-TRANSFER EFFICIENCY; GRAPHENE NANOPLATELETS; MECHANICAL EXFOLIATION; NITROGEN INCORPORATION; NITROGEN-DOPED GRAPHENE; NOVEL PRODUCTION METHODS; OXYGEN REDUCTION REACTION;

GRAPHITE;

EID: 84906534898     PISSN: 03787753     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.06.168     Document Type: Article

References (121)

1. E. Antolini, T. Lopes, and E.R. Gonzalez J. Alloys Compd. 461 2008 253 262
2. M. Sistiaga, and A.R. Pierna J. Non-Cryst. Solids 329 2003 184 187
3. K.H. Park, B.H. Kim, S.H. Song, J.K. won, B.S. Kong, Kisuk Kang, and S. Jeon Nano Lett. 12 2012 2871 2876
4. T. Yamada, M. Ishihara, J. Kim, M. Hasegawa, and S. Iijima Carbon 50 2012 2615 2619
5. K. Novoselov, A. Geim, S. Morozov, D. Jiang, Y. Zhang, S. Dubonos, I.V. Grigorieva, and A.A. Firsov Science 306 2004 666 669
6. N. Liu, F. Luo, H. Wu, Y. Liu, C. Zhang, and J. Chen Adv. Funct. Mater. 18 2008 1518 1525
7. L. Qu, Y. Liu, J.-B. Baek, and L. Dai ACS Nano 4 2010 1321 1326
8. Z. Wang, R. Jia, J. Zheng, J. Zhao, Li Li, J. Song, and Z. Zhu ACS Nano 5 2011 1677 1684
9. Z. Yang, H. Nie, X. Chen, X. Chen, and S. Huang J. Power Sources 236 2013 238 249
10. K.A. Kurak, and A.B. Anderson J. Phys. Chem. C 113 2009 6730 6734
11. H. Kim, K. Lee, S. Ihl Woo, and Y. Jung Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 13 2011 17505 17510
12. X. Fan, W.T. Zheng, and J.-L. Kuo RSC Adv. 3 2013 5498 5505
13. S. Maldonado, and K.J. Stevenson J. Phys. Chem. B 109 2005 4707 4716
14. R.J. Taylor, and A.A. Humffray J. Electroanal. Chem. Interfacial Electrochem. 64 1975 85 94
15. H. Niwa, K. Horiba, Y. Harada, M. Oshima, T. Ikeda, K. Terakura, J. Ozaki, and S. Miyata J. Power Sources 187 2009 93 97
16. K.R. Lee, K.U. Lee, J.W. Lee, B.T. Ahn, and S.I. Woo Electrochem. Commun. 12 2010 1052 1055
17. P.H. Matter, L. Zhang, and U.S. Ozkan J. Catal. 239 2006 83 96
18. N.P. Subramanian, X. Li, V. Nallathambi, S.P. Kumaraguru, H. Colon-Mercado, G. Wu, J.-W. Lee, and B.N. Popov J. Power Sources 188 2009 38 44
19. D. Wei, Y. Liu, Y. Wang, H. Zhang, L. Huang, and G. Yu Nano Lett. 9 2009 1752 1758
20. G. Imamura, and K. Saiki J. Phys. Chem. C 115 2011 10000 10005
21. X.-J. Li, and Chin J. Chem. Phys. 25 2012 325 329
22. A. Grüneis J. Phys. Condens. Matter 25 2013 043001
23. D. Usachov, O. Vilkov, A. Gruneis, D. Haberer, A. Fedorov, V.K. Adamchuk, A.B. Preobrajenski, P. Dudin, A. Barinov, M. Oehzelt, C. Laubschat, and D.V. Vyalikh Nano Lett. 11 2011 5401 5407
24. T. Humberto, L. Ruitao, M. Terrones, and M.S. Dresselhaus Rep. Prog. Phys. 75 2012 062501
25. X.B. Wang, Y.Q. Liu, D.B. Zhu, L. Zhang, H.Z. Ma, N. Yao, and B.L. Zhang J. Phys. Chem. B 106 2002 2186 2190
26. V. Krstic, G. Rikken, P. Bernier, S. Roth, and M. Glerup Eur. Phys. Lett. 77 2007 107 110
27. J. Casanovas, J.M. Ricart, J. Rubio, F. Illas, and J.M. Jimenez-Mateos J. Am. Chem. Soc. 118 1996 8071 8976
28. S. Maldonado, S. Morin, and K.J. Stevenson Carbon 44 2006 1429 1437
29. J.D. Wiggins-Camacho, and K.J. Stevenson J. Phys. Chem. C 113 2009 19082 19090
30. T.S. Ong, and H. Yang Carbon 38 2000 2077 2085
31. N.J. Welham, and J.S. Williams Carbon 36 1998 1309 1315
32. D. Deng, L. Yu, X. Pan, S. Wang, X. Chen, P. Hu, L. Sun, and X. Bao Chem. Commun. 47 2011 10016 10018
33. F. Salver-Disma, J. Tarascon, C. Clinard, and J. Rouzaud Carbon 37 1999 1941 1959
34. E. Antolini Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 123-124 2012 52 68
35. I.-Y. Jeon, H.-J. Choi, S.-M. Jung, J.-M. Seo, M.-J. Kim, L. Dai, and J.-B. Baek J. Am. Chem. Soc. 135 2013 1386 1393
36. D.W. Chang, H.-J. Choi, I.-Y. Jeon, and J.-B. Baek Chem. Rec. 13 2013 224 238
37. N.G. Shang, P. Papakonstantinou, S. Sharma, G. Lubarsky, M. Li, D.W. McNeill, A.J. Quinn, W. Zhou, and R. Blackley Chem. Commun. 48 2012 1877 1879
38. X.S. Zhou, T.B. Wu, K.L. Ding, B.J. Hu, M.Q. Hou, and B.X. Han Chem. Commun. 46 2010 386 388
39. J. Lee, and T. Aida Chem. Commun. 47 2011 6757 6762
40. M. Tariq, M.G. Freire, B. Saramogo, J.A.P. Coutinho, J.N.C. Lopes, and L.P.N. Rebelo Chem. Soc. Rev. 41 2012 829 868
41. Y. Xu, Y. Huang, W. Yan, L. Zhang, and Y. Chen J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 13 2013 1116 1119
42. S. Yang, L. Zhi, K. Tang, X. Feng, J. Maier, and K. Müllen Adv. Funct. Mater. 22 2012 3634 3640
43. S.Y. Yang, Y.L. Chang, Y.L. Huang, Y.F. Lee, H.W. Tien, S.M. Li, Y.H. Lee, C.H. Liu, C.C.M. Ma, and C.C. Hu Electrochem. Commun. 14 2012 39 42
44. I.-Y. Jeon, D. Yu, S.-Y. Bae, H.-J. Choi, D.W. Chang, L. Dai, and J.-B. Baek Chem. Mater. 23 2011 3987 3992
45. Y. Si, and E.T. Sam Chem. Mater. 20 2008 6792 6797
46. C. Liu, G. Hu, and H. Gao J. Supercrit. Fluids 63 2012 99 104
47. V. Gupta, N. Chaudhary, R. Srivastava, G.D. Sharma, R. Bhardwaj, and S. Chand J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133 2011 9960 9963
48. S.-S. Kim, J.-Y. Choi, K. Kim, and B.-H. Sohn Nanotechnology 23 2012 125301
49. XG Sciences xGNP Graphene Nanoplatelets: Grade C About xGnP Graphene Nanoplatelets 2013 XG Sciences Lansing, MI, USA
50. K. Yang, J. He, Z. Su, J.B. Reppert, M.J. Skove, T.M. Tritt, and A.M. Rao Carbon 48 2010 756 762
51. S.K. Chatterjee X-ray Diffraction: Its Theory and Applications second ed. 2010 Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi
52. J. Hao, L. Chen, K. Zheng, Z. Xu, J. Shi, B. Zhou, M. Shan, and Y. Li J. Mater. Sci. 49 2014 827 832
53. H. Estrade-Szwarckopf Carbon 42 2004 1713 1721
54. A. Patterson Phys. Rev. 56 1939 978 982
55. P. Scherrer Nachr. Ges. Wiss. Gött. 2 1918 98 100
56. A.C. Ferrari Solid State Commun. 143 2007 47 57
57. F. Mazzamuto, A. Valentin, C. Chassat, J. Saint-Martin, and P. Dollfus Chin. J. Phys. 49 2011 31 40
58. A.C. Ferrari, J.C. Meyer, V. Scardaci, C. Casiraghi, M. Lazzeri, F. Mauri, S. Piscanec, D. Jiang, K.S. Novoselov, S. Roth, and A.K. Geim Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 2006 187401
59. L.M. Malard, M.A. Pimenta, G. Dresselhaus, and M.S. Dresselhaus Phys. Rep. 473 2009 51 87
60. C. Coleman, R. McIntosh, and S. Bhattacharyya J. Appl. Phys. 114 2013 043716
61. L. Song, Z. Liu, A. Reddy, N. Narayanan, J. Taha-Tijerina, J. Peng, G. Gao, J. Lou, R. Vajtai, and P. Ajayan Adv. Mater. 24 2012 4878 4895
62. J.-H. Chen, W.G. Cullen, C. Jang, M.S. Fuhrer, and E.D. Williams Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 2009 236805
63. Y. Zhang, B. Cao, B. Zhang, X. Qi, and C. Pan Thin Solid Films 520 2012 6850 6855
64. A. Eckmann, A. Felten, A. Mishchenko, L. Britnell, K. Ralph, K.S. Novoselov, and C. Casiraghi Nano Lett. 12 2012 3925 3930
65. E.J. Ra, M.-H. Tran, S. Yang, T.H. Kim, C.-S. Yang, Y.J. Chung, Y.K. Lee, I.-J. Kim, and H.K. Jeong Curr. Appl. Phys. 14 2014 82 86
66. S. Kaciulis Surf. Interface Anal. 44 2012 1155 1161
67. Y. Lifshitz Diam. Relat. Mater. 8 1999 1659 1676
68. J. Robertson Diam. Relat. Mater. 14 2005 942 948
69. D.-Q. Yang, and E. Sacher Langmuir 22 2006 860 862
70. M. Deifallah, P.F. McMillan, and F. Corá J. Phys. Chem. C 112 2008 5447 5453
71. S. Maldonado, and K.J. Stevenson J. Phys. Chem. B 108 2004 11375 11383
72. H.-S. Oh, J.-G. Oh, W.H. Lee, H.-J. Kim, and H. Kim Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 36 2011 8181 8186
73. L. Lai, J.R. Potts, D. Zhan, L. Wang, C.K. Poh, C. Tang, H. Gong, Z. Shen, J. Lin, and R.S. Ruoff Energy Environ. Sci. 5 2012 7936 7942
74. H.-H. Yang, and R.L. McCreery J. Electrochem. Soc. 147 2000 3420 3428
75. C. Song, and J. Zhang J. Zhang, PEM Fuel Cell Electrocatalysts and Catalyst Layers 2008 Springer Vancouver 489
76. J. Wu, and H. Yang Acc. Chem. Res. 46 2013 1848 1857
77. A.G. Pandolfo, and A.F. Hollenkamp J. Power Sources 157 2006 11 27
78. C.A. Leon y Leon, L.R. Radovic, Marcel Dekker, New York, USA, 1994.
79. X. Chu, and K. Kinoshita Mater. Sci. Eng. B 49 1997 53 60
80. R.L. McCreery Chem. Rev. 108 2008 2646 2687
81. J. Wu, D. Zhang, Y. Wang, and B. Hou J. Power Sources 227 2013 185 190
82. A. Gomathi, M.R. Harika, and C.N.R. Rao Mater. Sci. Eng. A 476 2008 29
83. C.N.R. Rao, and A. Nag Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2010 2010 4244 4250
84. D.J. Belson, and A.N. Strachan Chem. Soc. Rev. 11 1982 41 56
85. S. Takenaka, and M. Kishida J. Jpn. Pet. Inst. 54 2011 80 89
86. E.J. Biddinger, and U.S. Ozkan J. Phys. Chem. C 114 2010 15306 15314
87. S. Wang, D. Yu, L. Dai, D.W. Chang, and J.-B. Baek ACS Nano 5 2011 6202 6209
88. J. Yan, X. Yuan, W. Yu, W. Lin, W. Ouyang, D. Yuan, H. Meng, and F. Xie J. Power Sources 245 2013 772 778
89. Z. Mo, R. Zheng, H. Peng, H. Liang, and S. Liao J. Power Sources 245 2013 801 807
90. T. Hibino, K. Kobayashia, and P. Heo Electrochim. Acta 112 2013 82 89
91. C.-Z. Guo, C.-G. Chen, and Z.-L. Luo J. Power Sources 245 2014 841 845
92. L. Zhang, and Z. Xia J. Phys. Chem. C 115 2011 11170 11176
93. H. Wang, T. Maiyalagan, and X. Wang ACS Catal. 2 2012 781 794
94. S.-F. Huang, K. Terakura, T. Ozaki, T. Ikeda, M. Boero, M. Oshima, J.-I. Ozaki, and S. Miyata Phys. Rev. B 80 2009 235410
95. E. Barsoukov, and J.R. Macdonald Impedance Spectroscopy; Theory, Experiment, and Applications second ed. 2005 Wiley Interscience Publications
96. M.-R. Gao, Q. Gao, J. Jiang, C.-H. Cui, W.-T. Yao, and S.-H. Yu Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 50 2011 4905 4908
97. S. Treimer, A. Tang, and D.C. Johnson Electroanalysis 14 2002 165 171
98. J. Koutecky, and V.G. Levich Zh. Fiz. Khim. 32 1958 1565 1575
99. J. Koutecky, and V.G. Levich Dokl. Akad. Nauk. SSSR 117 1957 441 444
100. J. Masa, C. Batchelor-McAuley, W. Schuhmann, and R.G. Compton Nano Res. 7 2014 71 78
101. Z. Yang, Z. Yao, G. Li, G. Fang, H. Nie, Z. Liu, X. Zhou, X. Chen, and S. Huang ACS Nano 6 2012 205 211
102. S. Yang, X. Feng, X. Wang, and K. Müllen Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 50 2011 5339 5343
103. X. Zhou, Z. Yang, H. Nie, Z. Yao, L. Zhang, and S. Huang J. Power Sources 196 2011 9970 9974
104. Z. Yang, X. Zhou, H. Nie, Z. Yao, and S. Huang ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 3 2011 2601 2606
105. S. Wang, E. Iyyamperumal, A. Roy, Y. Xue, D. Yu, and L. Dai Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 50 2011 11756 11760
106. B. Zheng, J. Wang, F.-B. Wang, and X.-H. Xia Electrochem. Commun. 28 2013 24 26
107. H. Zhao, Z. Peng, W. Wang, X. Chen, J. Fang, and J. Xu J. Power Sources 245 2014 529 536
108. K. Gong, F. Du, Z. Xia, M. Durstock, and L. Dai Science 323 2009 760 763
109. R. Liu, D. Wu, X. Feng, and K. Müllen Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 49 2010 2565 2569
110. S. Sharma, and B.G. Pollet J. Power Sources 208 2012 96 119
111. J. Wu, X.Z. Yuan, J.J. Martin, H. Wang, J. Zhang, J. Shen, S. Wu, and W. Merida J. Power Sources 184 2008 104 119
112. N. Hodnik, M. Bele, A. Recnik, N.Z. Logar, M. Gaberšcek, and S. Hocevar Energy Proc. 29 2012 208 215
113. A.S. Arico, S. Srinivasan, and V. Antonucci Fuel Cells 1 2001 133 161
114. Y. Zhang, Y. Gu, S. Lin, J. Wei, Z. Wang, C. Wang, Y. Du, and W. Ye Electrochim. Acta 56 2011 8746 8751
115. Y. Wang, S. Zhang, H. Chen, H. Li, P. Zhang, and Z. Zhang Electrochem. Commun. 17 2012 63 66
116. S. Lui, J. Wang, J. Zeng, J. Ou, Z. Li, X. Liu, and S. Yang J. Power Sources 195 2010 4628 4633
117. H.J. Kim, S.M. Choi, M.H. Seo, S. Green, G.W. Huber, and W.B. Kim Electrochem. Commun. 13 2011 890 893
118. Y. Hu, P. Wu, Y. Yin, H. Zhang, and C. Cai Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 111-112 2012 208 217
119. Y. Shao-Horn, W.C. Sheng, S. Chen, P.J. Ferreira, E.F. Holby, and D. Morgan Top. Catal. 46 2007 285 305
120. X. Yu, and S. Ye J. Power Sources 172 2007 133 144
121. D. Yu, Y. Xue, and Liming Dai J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 3 2012 2863 2870