The Prevalence of ADHD: Its Diagnosis and Treatment in Four School Districts Across Two States

Journal of Attention Disorders

Volumn 18, Issue 7, 2014, Pages 563-575

  Wolraich, Mark L ^a   McKeown, Robert E ^b   Visser, Susanna N ^c   Bard, David ^a   Cuffe, Steven ^d   Neas, Barbara ^a   Geryk, Lorie L ^b   Doffing, Melissa ^e   Bottai, Matteo ^b   Abramowitz, Ann J ^f   Beck, Laoma ^a   Holbrook, Joseph R ^b   Danielson, Melissa ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA   (United States)

^c CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

^f EMORY UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

ADHD; community based sample; epidemiology; prevalence rate; school sample

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER; CHILD; COMMUNITY-BASED SAMPLE; DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MASS SCREENING; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PREVALENCE; PREVALENCE RATE; PSYCHOLOGIC TEST; RISK ASSESSMENT; SCHOOL; SCHOOL SAMPLE; UNITED STATES;

ADHD; COMMUNITY-BASED SAMPLE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PREVALENCE RATE; SCHOOL SAMPLE;

ADOLESCENT; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER WITH HYPERACTIVITY; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS; FEMALE; HUMANS; INTERVIEW, PSYCHOLOGICAL; MALE; MASS SCREENING; OKLAHOMA; PREVALENCE; RISK ASSESSMENT; SCHOOLS; SOUTH CAROLINA;

EID: 84906331209     PISSN: 10870547     EISSN: 15571246     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1087054712453169     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Akinbami L. J.,Liu X.,Pastor P. N.,Reuben C. A.Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder among children aged 5-17 years in the United States, 1998-2009.NCHS Data Brief. 2011;:1-8.
2. Clinical practice guideline: Diagnosis and evaluation of the child with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Pediatrics. 2000;105:1158-1170.
3. ADHD: Clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents.Pediatrics. 2011;128:1007-1022.
4. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text rev.). Washington, DC: Author.Washington, DC: Author; 2000:.
5. Angier N.The debilitating malady called boyhood.New York Times. 1994;:1-4.
6. Barbaresi W.,Katusic S. K.,Colligan R. C.,Pankratz V. S.,Weaver A. L.,Weber K. J., Jacobsen S. J.How common is attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder? Incidence in a population-based birth cohort in Rochester, Minn.Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine. 2002;156:217-224.
7. Barkley R. A.Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A handbook for diagnosis and treatment. New York, NY: Guilford; 2006:.
8. Bauermeister J. J.,Canino G.,Bravo M.,Ramirez R.,Jensen P. S.,Chavez L., García P.Stimulant and psychosocial treatment of ADHD in Latino/Hispanic children.Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. 2003;42:851-855.
9. Berry J. G.,Bloom S.,Foley S.,Palfrey J. S.Health inequity in children and youth with chronic health conditions.Pediatrics. 2010;126:S111-S119.
10. Bird H. R.,Davies M.,Duarte C. S.,Shen S.,Loeber R.,Canino G. J.A study of disruptive behavior disorders in Puerto Rican youth: II. Baseline prevalence, comorbidity, and correlates in two sites.Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. 2006;45:1042-1053.
11. Brown R.,Freeman W. S.,Perrin J. M.,Stein M. T.,Amler R. W.,Feldman H. M., Wolraich M. L.Prevalence and assessment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in primary care settings.Pediatrics. 2001;107:e43.
12. Burd L.,Klug M. G.,Coumbe M. J.,Kerbeshian J.Children and adolescents with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder: 1. Prevalence and cost of care.Journal of Child Neurology. 2003;18:555-561.
13. Burns B. J.,Costello E. J.,Angold A.,Tweed D.,Stangl D.,Farmer E. M.,Erkanli A.Children's mental health service use across service sectors.Health Affairs. 1995;14:147-159.
14. Bussing R.,Zima B. T.,Mason D.,Hou W.,Garvan C. W.,Forness S.Use and persistence of pharmacotherapy for elementary school students with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology. 2005;15:78-87.
15. Canino G.,Shrout P. E.,Rubio-Stipec M.,Bird H. R.,Bravo M.,Ramirez R., Martinez-Taboas A.The DSM-IVTR rates of child and adolescent disorders in Puerto Rico: Prevalence, correlates, service use, and the effects of impairment.Archives of General Psychiatry. 2004;61:85-93.
16. Prevalence of diagnosis and medication treatment for ADHD-United States, 2003.Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 2005;54:842-847.
17. Increasing prevalence of parent-reported attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder among children-United States, 2003 and 2007.Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 2010;59:1439-1443.
18. Diller L. H.The run on Ritalin: Attention deficit disorder and stimulant treatment in the 1990s.Hastings Center Report. 1996;26:12-18.
19. Eaton W. W.,Martins S. S.,Nestadt G.,Bienvenu O. J.,Clarke D.,Alexandre P.The burden of mental disorders.Epidemiologic Reviews. 2008;30:1-14.
20. Eiraldi R. B.,Mazzuca L. B.,Clarke A. T.,Power T. J.Service utilization among ethnic minority children with ADHD: A model of help-seeking behavior.Administration and Policy in Mental Health. 2006;33:607-622.
21. Fellegi I. P.Approximate tests of independence and goodness of fit based on stratified multistage samples.Journal of American Statistical Association. 1980;75:261-268.
22. Froehlich T. E.,Lanphear B. P.,Epstein J. N.,Barbaresi W. J.,Katusic S. K.,Kahn R. S.Prevalence, recognition, and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in a national sample of US children.Archives of Pediatric Adolescent Medicine. 2007;161:857-864.
23. Fulton B. D.,Scheffler R. M.,Hinshaw S. P.,Levine P.,Stone S.,Brown T. T.,Modrek S.National variation of ADHD diagnostic prevalence and medication use: Health care providers and education policies.Psychiatric Services. 2009;60:1075-1083.
24. Gathje R. A.,Lewandowski L. J.,Gordon M.The role of impairment in the diagnosis of ADHD.Journal of Attention Disorders. 2008;11:529-537.
25. Goldberg D.Epidemiology of mental disorders in primary care settings.Epidemiologic Reviews. 1995;17:182-190.
26. Goodman R.Psychometric properties of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. 2001;40:1337-1345.
27. Hargreaves W. A.,Shumway M.,Tei-Wei H.,Cuffel B.Cost-outcome methods for mental health. California: Academic Press; 1998:.
28. Ingram S.,Hechtman L.,Morgenstern G.Outcome issues in ADHD: Adolescent and adult long-term outcome.Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews. 1999;5:243-250.
29. Lahey B.,McBurnett K.,Piacentini J.,Hartdagen S.,Walker J.,Frick P.,Hynd G.Agreement of parent and teacher rating scales with comprehensive clinical assessments of attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity.Journal of Psychological Behavioral Assessment. 1987;9:429-439.
30. Lavigne J. V.,LeBailly S. A.,Hopkins J.,Gouze K. R.,Binns H. J.The Prevalence of ADHD, ODD, depression, and anxiety in a community sample of 4-year-olds.Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology. 2009;38:315-328.
31. Mandell D.,Thompson W. W.,Weintraub E. S.,Destefano F.,Blank M. B.Trends in diagnosis rates for autism and ADHD at hospital discharge in the context of other psychiatric diagnoses.Psychiatric Services. 2005;56:56-62.
32. McGinnis J.Attention deficit disaster.The Wall Street Journal. 1997;:A-14.
33. Newcorn J. H.,Halperin J. M.,Schwartz S.,Pascualvaca D.,Wolf L.,Schmeidler J.,Sharma V.Parent and teacher ratings of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms: Implications for case identification.Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics. 1994;15:86-91.
34. Pastor P. N.,Reuben C. A.Diagnosed attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and learning disability: United States, 2004-2006.Vital and Health Statistics. 2008;10:1-14.
35. Pliszka S.Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. 2007;46:894-921.
36. Polanczyk G.,de Lima M. S.,Horta B. L.,Biederman J.,Rohde L. A.The worldwide prevalence of ADHD: A systematic review and metaregression analysis.The American Journal of Psychiatry. 2007;164 (6): 942-948.
37. Rubin D. B.Inference and missing data.Biometrika. 1976;63:581-592.
38. Shaffer D.,Fisher P.,Lucas C.,Dulcan M.,Schwab-Stone M.NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV (NIMH DISC-IV): Description, differences from previous versions, and reliability of some common diagnoses.Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. 2000;39:28-38.
39. Psychiatric epidemiology: Searching for the causes of mental disorders. Susser E.Schwartz S.Morabia A.Bromet E. J., ed. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 2006:.
40. Visser S. N.,Lesesne C. A.,Perou R.National estimates and factors associated with medication treatment for childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Pediatrics. 2007;119:S99-106.
41. Wolraich M. L.,Lambert E. W.,Bickman L.,Simmons T.,Doffing M. A.,Worley K. A.Assessing the impact of parent and teacher agreement on diagnosing ADHD.Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics. 2004;25:41-47.
42. Wolraich M. L.,Lambert E. W.,Doffing M. A.,Bickman L.,Simmons T.,Worley K. A.Psychometric properties of the Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Parent Rating Scale.Journal of Pediatric Psychology. 2003;28:559-568.