메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 43, Issue 1-2, 2014, Pages 271-288

Stochastically-forced multidecadal variability in the North Atlantic: A model study

Author keywords

Atlantic Multidecadal Variability; NAO; North Atlantic; OGCM; Stochastic; Sub polar gyre

Indexed keywords

AIR-SEA INTERACTION; DECADAL VARIATION; GYRE; NORTH ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; OCEANIC GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL; OVERTURN; STOCHASTICITY;

EID: 84906098972     PISSN: 09307575     EISSN: 14320894     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00382-013-1930-6     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (31)

References (69)
  • 1
    • 84884703020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A mechanism for Atlantic multidecadal variability in the Kiel Climate Model
    • doi: 10. 1007/s00382-012-1633-4
    • Ba J, Keenlyside NS, Park W, Latif M, Hawkins E, Ding H (2013) A mechanism for Atlantic multidecadal variability in the Kiel Climate Model. Clim Dyn pp 1-12. doi: 10. 1007/s00382-012-1633-4.
    • (2013) Clim Dyn , pp. 1-12
    • Ba, J.1    Keenlyside, N.S.2    Park, W.3    Latif, M.4    Hawkins, E.5    Ding, H.6
  • 2
    • 33846018584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of partial steps and momentum advection schemes in a global ocean circulation model at eddy-permitting resolution
    • doi:10.1007/s10236-006-0082-1
    • Barnier B, Madec G, Penduff T, Molines J, Treguier A, Le Sommer J, Beckmann A, Biastoch A, Böning C, Dengg J et al (2006) Impact of partial steps and momentum advection schemes in a global ocean circulation model at eddy-permitting resolution. Ocean Dyn 56(5): 543-567. doi: 10. 1007/s10236-006-0082-1.
    • (2006) Ocean Dyn , vol.56 , Issue.5 , pp. 543-567
    • Barnier, B.1    Madec, G.2    Penduff, T.3    Molines, J.4    Treguier, A.5    Le Sommer, J.6    Beckmann, A.7    Biastoch, A.8    Böning, C.9    Dengg, J.10
  • 3
    • 0023480259 scopus 로고
    • Classification, seasonality and persistence of low-frequency atmospheric circulation patterns
    • Barnston A, Livezey R (1987) Classification, seasonality and persistence of low-frequency atmospheric circulation patterns. Mon Weather Rev 115(6): 1083-1126.
    • (1987) Mon Weather Rev , vol.115 , Issue.6 , pp. 1083-1126
    • Barnston, A.1    Livezey, R.2
  • 4
    • 77049083098 scopus 로고
    • Atlantic air-sea interaction
    • Bjerknes J (1964) Atlantic air-sea interaction. Adv Geophys 10(1): 1-82.
    • (1964) Advances in Geophysics , vol.10 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-82
    • Bjerknes, J.1
  • 5
    • 84862981075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of decadal variability in the atlantic subpolar gyre: a stochastically forced oscillator
    • doi:10.1007/s00382-011-1180-4
    • Born A, Mignot J (2012) Dynamics of decadal variability in the atlantic subpolar gyre: a stochastically forced oscillator. Clim Dyn 39(1): 461-474. doi: 10. 1007/s00382-011-1180-4.
    • (2012) Climate Dynamics , vol.39 , Issue.1 , pp. 461-474
    • Born, A.1    Mignot, J.2
  • 6
    • 79959926417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ice-core data evidence for a prominent near 20 year time-scale of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation
    • doi:10.1029/2011GL047501
    • Chylek P, Folland C, Dijkstra H, Lesins G, Dubey M (2011) Ice-core data evidence for a prominent near 20 year time-scale of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation. Geophys Res Lett 38(13): L13, 704. doi: 10. 1029/2011GL047501.
    • (2011) Geophys Res Lett , vol.38 , Issue.13
    • Chylek, P.1    Folland, C.2    Dijkstra, H.3    Lesins, G.4    Dubey, M.5
  • 7
    • 0035712281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ocean gyre circulation changes associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation
    • Curry R, McCartney M (2001) Ocean gyre circulation changes associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation. J Phys Oceanogr 31(12): 3374-3400.
    • (2001) J Phys Oceanogr , vol.31 , Issue.12 , pp. 3374-3400
    • Curry, R.1    McCartney, M.2
  • 8
    • 0034130859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multidecadal thermohaline circulation variability driven by atmospheric surface flux forcing
    • Delworth T, Greatbatch R (2000) Multidecadal thermohaline circulation variability driven by atmospheric surface flux forcing. J Clim 13(9): 1481-1495.
    • (2000) J Clim , vol.13 , Issue.9 , pp. 1481-1495
    • Delworth, T.1    Greatbatch, R.2
  • 9
    • 84863897268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multicentennial variability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and its climatic influence in a 4000 year simulation of the GFDL CM2. 1 climate model
    • doi:10.1029/2012GL052107
    • Delworth T, Zeng F (2012) Multicentennial variability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and its climatic influence in a 4000 year simulation of the GFDL CM2. 1 climate model. Geophys Res Lett 39(13): L13, 702. doi: 10. 1029/2012GL052107.
    • (2012) Geophys Res Lett , vol.39 , Issue.13
    • Delworth, T.1    Zeng, F.2
  • 10
    • 0027706605 scopus 로고
    • Interdecadal variations of the thermohaline circulation in a coupled ocean-atmosphere model
    • Delworth T, Manabe S, Stouffer R (1993) Interdecadal variations of the thermohaline circulation in a coupled ocean-atmosphere model. J Clim 6(11): 1993-2011.
    • (1993) J Clim , vol.6 , Issue.11 , pp. 1993-2011
    • Delworth, T.1    Manabe, S.2    Stouffer, R.3
  • 11
    • 0030302515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term coordinated changes in the convective activity of the North Atlantic
    • Dickson R, Lazier J, Meincke J, Rhines P, Swift J (1996) Long-term coordinated changes in the convective activity of the North Atlantic. Prog Oceanogr 38(3): 241-295.
    • (1996) Prog Oceanogr , vol.38 , Issue.3 , pp. 241-295
    • Dickson, R.1    Lazier, J.2    Meincke, J.3    Rhines, P.4    Swift, J.5
  • 13
    • 33646859466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the physics of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation
    • doi:10.1007/s10236-005-0043-0
    • Dijkstra H, Te Raa L, Schmeits M, Gerrits J (2006) On the physics of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation. Ocean Dyn 56(1): 36-50. doi: 10. 1007/s10236-005-0043-0.
    • (2006) Ocean Dyn , vol.56 , Issue.1 , pp. 36-50
    • Dijkstra, H.1    Te Raa, L.2    Schmeits, M.3    Gerrits, J.4
  • 14
    • 33846582689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A hemispheric mechanism for the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation
    • doi:10.1175/JCLI4174.1
    • Dima M, Lohmann G (2007) A hemispheric mechanism for the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation. J Clim 20(11): 2706-2719. doi: 10. 1175/JCLI4174. 1.
    • (2007) J Clim , vol.20 , Issue.11 , pp. 2706-2719
    • Dima, M.1    Lohmann, G.2
  • 16
    • 0035284317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • North atlantic interdecadal variability: oceanic response to the North Atlantic Oscillation (1865-1997)
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2001)0140676:NAIVOR2.0.CO;2
    • Eden C, Jung T (2001) North atlantic interdecadal variability: oceanic response to the North Atlantic Oscillation (1865-1997). J Clim 14(5): 676-691. doi: 10. 1175/1520-0442(2001)0140676: NAIVOR2. 0. CO;2.
    • (2001) J Clim , vol.14 , Issue.5 , pp. 676-691
    • Eden, C.1    Jung, T.2
  • 17
    • 0035872227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of interannual to decadal variability of the North Atlantic circulation
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2001)0142266:MOITDV2.0.CO;2
    • Eden C, Willebrand J (2001) Mechanism of interannual to decadal variability of the North Atlantic circulation. J Clim 14(10): 2266-2280. doi: 10. 1175/1520-0442(2001)0142266: MOITDV2. 0. CO;2.
    • (2001) J Clim , vol.14 , Issue.10 , pp. 2266-2280
    • Eden, C.1    Willebrand, J.2
  • 18
    • 0037095938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospects for decadal prediction of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)
    • doi:10.1029/2001GL014069
    • Eden C, Greatbatch R, Lu J (2002) Prospects for decadal prediction of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Geophys Res Lett 29(10): 1466. doi: 10. 1029/2001GL014069.
    • (2002) Geophysical Research Letters , vol.29 , Issue.10 , pp. 1466
    • Eden, C.1    Greatbatch, R.2    Lu, J.3
  • 19
    • 0035874457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The atlantic multidecadal oscillation and its relation to rainfall and river flows in the continental U. S.
    • doi:10.1029/2000GL012745
    • Enfield D, Mestas-Nunez A, Trimble P et al (2001) The atlantic multidecadal oscillation and its relation to rainfall and river flows in the continental US. Geophys Res Lett 28(10): 2077-2080. doi: 10. 1029/2000GL012745.
    • (2001) Geophys Res Lett , vol.28 , Issue.10 , pp. 2077-2080
    • Enfield, D.1    Mestas-Nunez, A.2    Trimble, P.3
  • 20
    • 0001227339 scopus 로고
    • A simple eddy kinetic energy model for simulations of the oceanic vertical mixing: Tests at station Papa and Long-Term Upper Ocean Study site
    • doi: 10. 1029/JC095iC09p16179
    • Gaspar P, Grégoris Y, Lefevre JM (1990) A simple eddy kinetic energy model for simulations of the oceanic vertical mixing: Tests at station Papa and Long-Term Upper Ocean Study site. J Geophys Res Oceans (1978-2012) 95(C9): 16179-16193. doi: 10. 1029/JC095iC09p16179.
    • (1990) J Geophys Res Oceans (1978-2012) , vol.95 , Issue.C9 , pp. 16179-16193
    • Gaspar, P.1    Grégoris, Y.2    Lefevre, J.M.3
  • 21
    • 0000163627 scopus 로고
    • Isopycnal mixing in ocean circulation models
    • doi:10.1029/2004GL019932
    • Gent P, McWilliams J (1990) Isopycnal mixing in ocean circulation models. J Phys Oceanogr 20(1): 150-155. doi: 10. 1029/2004GL019932.
    • (1990) J Phys Oceanogr , vol.20 , Issue.1 , pp. 150-155
    • Gent, P.1    McWilliams, J.2
  • 23
    • 0035919625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The recent increase in Atlantic hurricane activity: Causes and implications
    • doi:10.1126/science.1060040
    • Goldenberg S, Landsea C, Mestas-Nuñez A, Gray W (2001) The recent increase in Atlantic hurricane activity: Causes and implications. Science 293(5529): 474-479. doi: 10. 1126/science. 1060040.
    • (2001) Science , vol.293 , Issue.5529 , pp. 474-479
    • Goldenberg, S.1    Landsea, C.2    Mestas-Nuñez, A.3    Gray, W.4
  • 24
    • 6044228166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A tree-ring based reconstruction of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation since 1567 AD
    • doi:10.1029/2004GL019932
    • Gray S, Graumlich L, Betancourt J, Pederson G (2004) A tree-ring based reconstruction of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation since 1567 AD. Geophys Res Lett 31(12): L12205. doi: 10. 1029/2004GL019932.
    • (2004) Geophys Res Lett , vol.31 , Issue.12
    • Gray, S.1    Graumlich, L.2    Betancourt, J.3    Pederson, G.4
  • 25
    • 0034345610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The North Atlantic Oscillation
    • doi:10.1007/s004770000047
    • Greatbatch R (2000) The North Atlantic Oscillation. Stoch Environ Res Risk Assess 14(4): 213-242. doi: 10. 1007/s004770000047.
    • (2000) Stoch Env Res Risk Assess , vol.14 , Issue.4 , pp. 213-242
    • Greatbatch, R.1
  • 26
    • 33646363780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discrepancies between different Northern Hemisphere summer atmospheric data products
    • Greatbatch R, Rong P (2006) Discrepancies between different Northern Hemisphere summer atmospheric data products. J Clim 19(7): 1261-1273.
    • (2006) J Clim , vol.19 , Issue.7 , pp. 1261-1273
    • Greatbatch, R.1    Rong, P.2
  • 27
    • 0028794184 scopus 로고
    • An interdecadal oscillation in an idealized ocean basin forced by constant heat flux
    • Greatbatch R, Zhang S (1995) An interdecadal oscillation in an idealized ocean basin forced by constant heat flux. J Clim 8(1): 81-91.
    • (1995) J Clim , vol.8 , Issue.1 , pp. 81-91
    • Greatbatch, R.1    Zhang, S.2
  • 28
    • 0029475973 scopus 로고
    • A linear thermohaline oscillator driven by stochastic atmospheric forcing
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0442(1995)0082440:ALTODB2.0.CO;2
    • Griffies S, Tziperman E (1995) A linear thermohaline oscillator driven by stochastic atmospheric forcing. J Clim 8(10): 2440-2453. doi: 10. 1175/1520-0442(1995)0082440: ALTODB2. 0. CO;2.
    • (1995) J Clim , vol.8 , Issue.10 , pp. 2440-2453
    • Griffies, S.1    Tziperman, E.2
  • 31
    • 0037091246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climatology and interannual variability in the intensity of synoptic-scale processes in the north atlantic from the ncep-ncar reanalysis data
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2002)0150809:CAIVIT2.0.CO;2
    • Gulev SK, Jung T, Ruprecht E (2002) Climatology and interannual variability in the intensity of synoptic-scale processes in the north atlantic from the ncep-ncar reanalysis data. J Clim 15(8): 809-828. doi: 10. 1175/1520-0442(2002)0150809: CAIVIT2. 0. CO;2.
    • (2002) Journal of Climate , vol.15 , Issue.8 , pp. 809-828
    • Gulev, S.K.1    Jung, T.2    Ruprecht, E.3
  • 32
    • 0000316389 scopus 로고
    • Stochastic climate models
    • Hasselmann K (1976) Stochastic climate models. Tellus 28(6): 31-762, 896.
    • (1976) Tellus , vol.28 , Issue.6
    • Hasselmann, K.1
  • 33
    • 84866416137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marine proxy evidence linking decadal north pacific and atlantic climate
    • doi:10.1007/s00382-011-1229-4
    • Hetzinger S, Halfar J, Mecking J, Keenlyside N, Kronz A, Steneck R, Adey W, Lebednik P (2012) Marine proxy evidence linking decadal north pacific and atlantic climate. Clim Dyn 39(6): 1447-1455. doi: 10. 1007/s00382-011-1229-4.
    • (2012) Clim Dyn , vol.39 , Issue.6 , pp. 1447-1455
    • Hetzinger, S.1    Halfar, J.2    Mecking, J.3    Keenlyside, N.4    Kronz, A.5    Steneck, R.6    Adey, W.7    Lebednik, P.8
  • 34
    • 0029479274 scopus 로고
    • Decadal trends in the north atlantic oscillation: regional temperatures and precipitation
    • doi:10.1126/science.269.5224.676
    • Hurrell J (1995) Decadal trends in the north atlantic oscillation: regional temperatures and precipitation. Science 269(5224): 676-678. doi: 10. 1126/science. 269. 5224. 676.
    • (1995) Science , vol.269 , Issue.5224 , pp. 676-678
    • Hurrell, J.1
  • 35
    • 0029777750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of variations in extratropical wintertime teleconnections on northern hemisphere temperature
    • Hurrell J (1996) Influence of variations in extratropical wintertime teleconnections on northern hemisphere temperature. Geophys Res Lett 23(6): 665-668.
    • (1996) Geophys Res Lett , vol.23 , Issue.6 , pp. 665-668
    • Hurrell, J.1
  • 37
    • 0031433962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extension to the north atlantic oscillation using early instrumental pressure observations from gibraltar and south-west iceland
    • Jones P, Jonsson T, Wheeler D (1997) Extension to the north atlantic oscillation using early instrumental pressure observations from gibraltar and south-west iceland. Int J Climatol 17(13): 1433-1450.
    • (1997) Int J Climatol , vol.17 , Issue.13 , pp. 1433-1450
    • Jones, P.1    Jonsson, T.2    Wheeler, D.3
  • 38
    • 27944461745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arctic-North Atlantic interactions and multidecadal variability of the meridional overturning circulation
    • doi:10.1175/JCLI3462.1
    • Jungclaus J, Haak H, Latif M, Mikolajewicz U (2005) Arctic-North Atlantic interactions and multidecadal variability of the meridional overturning circulation. J Clim 18(19): 4013-4031. doi: 10. 1175/JCLI3462. 1.
    • (2005) Journal of Climate , vol.18 , Issue.19 , pp. 4013-4031
    • Jungclaus, J.1    Haak, H.2    Latif, M.3    Mikolajewicz, U.4
  • 39
    • 0034674481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A north atlantic climate pacemaker for the centuries
    • doi:10.1126/science.288.5473.1984
    • Kerr R (2000) A north atlantic climate pacemaker for the centuries. Science 288(5473): 1984-1985. doi: 10. 1126/science. 288. 5473. 1984.
    • (2000) Science , vol.288 , Issue.5473 , pp. 1984-1985
    • Kerr, R.1
  • 40
    • 65649131913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paleoclimate proxy perspective on caribbean climate since the year 1751: Evidence of cooler temperatures and multidecadal variability
    • doi:10.1029/2008PA001598
    • Kilbourne K, Quinn T, Webb R, Guilderson T, Nyberg J, Winter A (2008) Paleoclimate proxy perspective on caribbean climate since the year 1751: evidence of cooler temperatures and multidecadal variability. Paleoceanography 23(3): PA3220. doi: 10. 1029/2008PA001598.
    • (2008) Paleoceanography , vol.23 , Issue.3
    • Kilbourne, K.1    Quinn, T.2    Webb, R.3    Guilderson, T.4    Nyberg, J.5    Winter, A.6
  • 41
    • 28944441534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A signature of persistent natural thermohaline circulation cycles in observed climate
    • doi:10.1029/2005GL024233
    • Knight J, Allan R, Folland C, Vellinga M, Mann M (2005) A signature of persistent natural thermohaline circulation cycles in observed climate. Geophys Res Lett 32(20): 2-5. doi: 10. 1029/2005GL024233.
    • (2005) Geophys Res Lett , vol.32 , Issue.20 , pp. 2-5
    • Knight, J.1    Allan, R.2    Folland, C.3    Vellinga, M.4    Mann, M.5
  • 42
    • 77958571427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interannual to multidecadal variability and predictability of North Atlantic circulation in a coupled earth system model with parametrized hydraulics
    • doi:10.1111/j.1600-0870.2010.00450.x
    • Köller M, Käse R, Herrmann P (2010) Interannual to multidecadal variability and predictability of North Atlantic circulation in a coupled earth system model with parametrized hydraulics. Tellus A 62(4): 569-578. doi: 10. 1111/j. 1600-0870. 2010. 00450. x.
    • (2010) Tellus A , vol.62 , Issue.4 , pp. 569-578
    • Köller, M.1    Käse, R.2    Herrmann, P.3
  • 43
    • 84857442973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stochastically-driven multidecadal variability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation in CCSM3
    • doi:10.1007/s00382-011-1040-2
    • Kwon Y, Frankignoul C (2012) Stochastically-driven multidecadal variability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation in CCSM3. Clim Dyn 38(5): 859-876. doi: 10. 1007/s00382-011-1040-2.
    • (2012) Climate Dynamics , vol.38 , Issue.5 , pp. 859-876
    • Kwon, Y.1    Frankignoul, C.2
  • 44
    • 84859323540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arctic/Atlantic exchanges via the subpolar gyre
    • doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00085.1
    • Langehaug H, Medhaug I, Eldevik T, Otterå O (2012) Arctic/Atlantic exchanges via the subpolar gyre. J Clim. 25(7): 2421-2439. doi: 10. 1175/JCLI-D-11-00085. 1.
    • (2012) J Clim , vol.25 , Issue.7 , pp. 2421-2439
    • Langehaug, H.1    Medhaug, I.2    Eldevik, T.3    Otterå, O.4
  • 46
    • 67649159670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The global climatology of an interannually varying air-sea flux data set
    • doi:10.1007/s00382-008-0441-3
    • Large W, Yeager S (2009) The global climatology of an interannually varying air-sea flux data set. Clim Dyn 33(2): 341-364. doi: 10. 1007/s00382-008-0441-3.
    • (2009) Clim Dyn , vol.33 , Issue.2 , pp. 341-364
    • Large, W.1    Yeager, S.2
  • 48
    • 70350014991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A possible mechanism for the strong weakening of the North Atlantic subpolar gyre in the mid-1990s
    • doi:10.1029/2009GL039166
    • Lohmann K, Drange H, Bentsen M (2009) A possible mechanism for the strong weakening of the North Atlantic subpolar gyre in the mid-1990s. Geophys Res Lett 36(15): L15, 602. doi: 10. 1029/2009GL039166.
    • (2009) Geophys Res Lett , vol.36 , Issue.15
    • Lohmann, K.1    Drange, H.2    Bentsen, M.3
  • 50
    • 0033006763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Open-ocean convection: Observations, theory, and models
    • doi:10.1029/98RG02739
    • Marshall J, Schott F (1999) Open-ocean convection: Observations, theory, and models. Rev Geophy 37(1): 1-64. doi: 10. 1029/98RG02739.
    • (1999) Rev Geophys , vol.37 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-64
    • Marshall, J.1    Schott, F.2
  • 51
    • 84862998573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms for decadal scale variability in a simulated Atlantic meridional overturning circulation
    • doi:10.1007/s00382-011-1124-z
    • Medhaug I, Langehaug H, Eldevik T, Furevik T, Bentsen M (2012) Mechanisms for decadal scale variability in a simulated Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. Clim Dyn 39(1-2): 77-93. doi: 10. 1007/s00382-011-1124-z.
    • (2012) Climate Dynamics , vol.39 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 77-93
    • Medhaug, I.1    Langehaug, H.2    Eldevik, T.3    Furevik, T.4    Bentsen, M.5
  • 52
    • 84861806749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multimodel comparison of centennial Atlantic meridional overturning circulation variability
    • doi:10.1007/s00382-011-1172-4
    • Menary M, Park W, Lohmann K, Vellinga M, Palmer M, Latif M, Jungclaus J (2012) A multimodel comparison of centennial Atlantic meridional overturning circulation variability. Clim Dyn 38(11): 2377-2388. doi: 10. 1007/s00382-011-1172-4.
    • (2012) Climate Dynamics , vol.38 , Issue.11 , pp. 2377-2388
    • Menary, M.1    Park, W.2    Lohmann, K.3    Vellinga, M.4    Palmer, M.5    Latif, M.6    Jungclaus, J.7
  • 53
    • 67349249137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atlantic multidecadal oceanic variability and its influence on the atmosphere in a climate model
    • doi:10.1007/s00382-008-0452-0
    • Msadek R, Frankignoul C (2009) Atlantic multidecadal oceanic variability and its influence on the atmosphere in a climate model. Clim Dyn 33(1): 45-62. doi: 10. 1007/s00382-008-0452-0.
    • (2009) Climate Dynamics , vol.33 , Issue.1 , pp. 45-62
    • Msadek, R.1    Frankignoul, C.2
  • 54
    • 80355132314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Processes governing the predictability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation in a coupled gcm
    • doi:10.1007/s00382-011-1025-1
    • Ortega P, Hawkins E, Sutton R (2011) Processes governing the predictability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation in a coupled gcm. Clim Dyn 37(9): 1771-1782. doi: 10. 1007/s00382-011-1025-1.
    • (2011) Climate Dynamics , vol.37 , Issue.9 , pp. 1771-1782
    • Ortega, P.1    Hawkins, E.2    Sutton, R.3
  • 55
    • 84867103473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atlantic meridional overturning circulation response to idealized external forcing
    • doi:10.1007/s00382-011-1212-0
    • Park W, Latif M (2011) Atlantic meridional overturning circulation response to idealized external forcing. Clim Dyn 39(7-8): 1709-1726. doi: 10. 1007/s00382-011-1212-0.
    • (2011) Clim Dyn , vol.39 , Issue.7-8 , pp. 1709-1726
    • Park, W.1    Latif, M.2
  • 56
    • 0742305193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global analyses of sea surface temperature, sea ice, and night marine air temperature since the late nineteenth century
    • doi:10.1029/2002JD002670
    • Rayner N, Parker D, Horton E, Folland C, Alexander L, Rowell D, Kent E, Kaplan A (2003) Global analyses of sea surface temperature, sea ice, and night marine air temperature since the late nineteenth century. J Geophys Res 108(D14): 4407. doi: 10. 1029/2002JD002670.
    • (2003) J Geophys Res , vol.108 , Issue.D14 , pp. 4407
    • Rayner, N.1    Parker, D.2    Horton, E.3    Folland, C.4    Alexander, L.5    Rowell, D.6    Kent, E.7    Kaplan, A.8
  • 57
    • 31344432321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms affecting the overturning response in global warming simulations
    • doi:10.1175/JCLI3550.1
    • Schweckendiek U, Willebrand J (2005) Mechanisms affecting the overturning response in global warming simulations. J Clim 18(23): 4925-4936. doi: 10. 1175/JCLI3550. 1.
    • (2005) Journal of Climate , vol.18 , Issue.23 , pp. 4925-4936
    • Schweckendiek, U.1    Willebrand, J.2
  • 59
    • 0034352693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meridional flow variability over the Nordic seas in the Arctic Oscillation framework
    • doi:10.1029/2000GL011529
    • Skeie P (2000) Meridional flow variability over the Nordic seas in the Arctic Oscillation framework. Geophys Res Lett 27(16): 2569-2572. doi: 10. 1029/2000GL011529.
    • (2000) Geophysical Research Letters , vol.27 , Issue.16 , pp. 2569-2572
    • Skeie, P.1
  • 60
    • 52949132670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eddy-permitting ocean circulation hindcasts of past decades
    • The Drakkar Group
    • The Drakkar Group (2007) Eddy-permitting ocean circulation hindcasts of past decades. Clivar Exch (12): 8-10.
    • (2007) Clivar Exch , Issue.12 , pp. 8-10
  • 61
    • 0032462831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Northern hemispheric interdecadal variability: a coupled air-sea mode
    • Timmermann A, Latif M, Voss R, Grötzner A (1998) Northern hemispheric interdecadal variability: a coupled air-sea mode. J Clim 11(8): 1906-1931.
    • (1998) J Clim , vol.11 , Issue.8 , pp. 1906-1931
    • Timmermann, A.1    Latif, M.2    Voss, R.3    Grötzner, A.4
  • 63
    • 11844253781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-latitude freshwater influence on centennial variability of the atlantic thermohaline circulation
    • doi:10.1175/3219.1
    • Vellinga M, Wu P (2004) Low-latitude freshwater influence on centennial variability of the atlantic thermohaline circulation. J Clim 17(23): 4498-4511. doi: 10. 1175/3219. 1.
    • (2004) J Clim , vol.17 , Issue.23 , pp. 4498-4511
    • Vellinga, M.1    Wu, P.2
  • 64
    • 0032535414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ocean model's response to north atlantic oscillation-like wind forcing
    • Visbeck M, Cullen H, Krahmann G, Naik N (1998) Ocean model's response to north atlantic oscillation-like wind forcing. Geophys Res Lett 25(24): 4521-4524.
    • (1998) Geophys Res Lett , vol.25 , Issue.24 , pp. 4521-4524
    • Visbeck, M.1    Cullen, H.2    Krahmann, G.3    Naik, N.4
  • 67
    • 0000475959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The interpretation of short climate records, with comments on the north atlantic and southern oscillations
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0477(1999)0800245:TIOSCR2.0.CO;2
    • Wunsch C (1999) The interpretation of short climate records, with comments on the north atlantic and southern oscillations. Bull Am Meteorol Soc 80: 245-256. doi: 10. 1175/1520-0477(1999)0800245: TIOSCR2. 0. CO;2.
    • (1999) Bulletin-American Meteorological Society , vol.80 , pp. 245-256
    • Wunsch, C.1
  • 68
    • 38849117685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anticorrelated multidecadal variations between surface and subsurface tropical north atlantic
    • doi:10.1029/2007GL030225
    • Zhang R (2007) Anticorrelated multidecadal variations between surface and subsurface tropical north atlantic. Geophys Res Lett 34(12): L12, 713. doi: 10. 1029/2007GL030225.
    • (2007) Geophys Res Lett , vol.34 , Issue.12
    • Zhang, R.1
  • 69
    • 33845622400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of atlantic multidecadal oscillations on india/sahel rainfall and atlantic hurricanes
    • doi:10.1029/2006GL026267
    • Zhang R, Delworth T (2006) Impact of atlantic multidecadal oscillations on india/sahel rainfall and atlantic hurricanes. Geophys Res Lett 33(17): L17, 712. doi: 10. 1029/2006GL026267.
    • (2006) Geophys Res Lett , vol.33 , Issue.17
    • Zhang, R.1    Delworth, T.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.