Fertility and the fast-track: Continued childbearing among professionals in Sweden, 1991-2009

Demographic Research

Volumn 31, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 421-458

  Stanfors, Maria ^a  

^a LUND UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84906043973     PISSN: None     EISSN: 14359871     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4054/DemRes.2014.31.15     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Avellar S. and Smock, P.J. (2003). Has the price of motherhood declined over time? A cross-cohort comparison of the motherhood wage penalty. Journal of Marriage and Family 65(3): 597-607.
2. Becker, G.S. (1985). Human capital, effort, and the sexual division of labor. Journal of Labor Economics 3: 33-58.
3. Becker, G.S. (1991). A treatise on the family. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
4. Bernhardt, E.M. (2002). Cohabitation and marriage among young adults in Sweden: Attitudes, expectations and plans. In: Carling, J. (ed.). Nordic demography: Trends and differentials. Oslo: Unipub/Nordic Demographic Society: 157-170.
5. Billari, F.C. and Kohler, H.-P. (2004). Patterns of low and lowest-low fertility in Europe. Population Studies 58(1): 161-176.
6. Blackburn, M.L., Bloom, D.E. and Neumark, D. (1993). Fertility timing, wages, and human capital. Journal of Population Economics 6(1): 3-30.
7. Bloom, D.E. and Trussell, J. (1984). What are the determinants of delayed childbearing and permanent childlessness in the United States? Demography 21(4): 591-611.
8. Blossfeld, H.-P. and Huinink, J. (1991). Human capital investments or norms of role transition? How women's schooling and career affect the process of family formation. American Journal of Sociology 97(1): 143-168.
9. Blossfeld, H.-P. and Timm, A. (eds.) (2003). Who Marries Whom? Educational Systems as Marriage Markets in Modern Societies. Dordrecht: European Association for Population Studies & Kluwer Academic Publishers.
10. Boulis, A. (2004). The evolution of gender and motherhood in contemporary medicine. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 596: 172-206.
11. Bram, S. (1985). Childlessness revisited: A longitudinal study of voluntary childless couples, delayed parents, and parents. Lifestyles: A Journal of Changing Patterns 8(1): 46-66.
12. Budig, M. (2003). Are women's employment and fertility histories interdependent? An examination of causal order using event history analysis. Social Science Research 32(3): 376-401..
13. Budig, M. and England, P. (2001). The wage penalty for motherhood. American Sociological Review 66(2): 204-225.
14. Cooney, T. and Uhlenberg, P. (1989). Family-building patterns of women professionals: A comparison of lawyers, physicians, and post secondary teachers. Journal of Marriage and the Family 51(3): 749-758.
15. Dribe, M. and Stanfors, M. (2010). Family life in power couples: Continued childbearing and union stability among the educational elite in Sweden, 1991-2005. Demographic Research 23(30): 847-878.
16. Edgell, S. (1980). Middle class couples: A study of segregation, domination and inequality in marriage. London: Allen & Unwin.
17. Gerster, M., Keiding, N., Knudsen, L.B., and Strandberg-Larsen, K. (2007). Education and second birth rates in Denmark 1981-1994. Demographic Research 17(8): 181-210.
18. Goldin, C. and Katz, L. (2008). Transitions: career and family life cycles of the educational elite. American Economic Review: Papers and Proceedings 98(2): 363-369.
19. Gustafsson, S. and Wetzels, C. (2000). Optimal age at giving birth: Germany, Great Britain, the Netherlands and Sweden. In: Gustafsson, S.S. and Meulders, D.E. (eds.). Gender and the Labor Market. Econometric Evidence on Obstacles in Achieving Gender Equality. Basingstoke: MacMillan: 188-209.
20. Happel, S.K., Hill, J.K., and Low, S.A. (1984). An economic analysis of the timing of childbirth. Population Studies 38(2): 299-311.
21. Hewlett, S.A. (2002). Executive women and the myth of having it all. Harvard Business Review 80(1): 66-73.
22. Hoem, J.M., Neyer, G., and Andersson, G. (2006a). Education and childlessness. The relationship between educational field, educational level, and childlessness among Swedish women born in 1955-59. Demographic Research 14(15): 331-380.
23. Hoem, J.M., Neyer, G., and Andersson, G. (2006b). Educational attainment and ultimate fertility among Swedish women born in 1955-59. Demographic Research 14(16): 381-403.
24. Joshi, H. (2002). Production, reproduction and education: women, children and work in a British perspective. Population and Development Review 28(3): 445-474.
25. Kravdal, Ø. (2001). The high fertility of college educated women in Norway: An artefact of the separate modelling of each parity transition. Demographic Research 5(6): 187-216.
26. Kravdal, Ø. (2007). Effects of current education on second- and third-birth rates among Norwegian women and men born in 1964: Substantive interpretations and methodological issues. Demographic Research 17(9): 211-246.
27. Kreyenfeld, M. (2002). Time-squeeze, partner effect or self-selection? An investigation into the positive effects of women's education on second birth risks in West Germany. Demographic Research 7(2): 15-48.
28. Köppen, K. (2006). Second births in western Germany and France. Demographic Research 14(14): 295-330.
29. Lappegård, T. and Rønsen, M. (2005). The multifaceted impact of education on entry into motherhood. European Journal of Population 21(1): 31-49.
30. Lundberg, S. and Pollak, R. (1996). Bargaining and distribution in marriage. Journal of Economic Perspectives 10: 139-158.
31. Manser, M. and Brown, M. (1980). Marriage and household decision-making: A bargaining analysis. International Economic Review 21: 31-44.
32. Marini, M.M. (1984). Women's educational attainment and the timing of entry into parenthood. American Sociological Review 49(4): 491-511.
33. Mason, M.A. and Goulden, M. (2002). Do Babies Matter? The effect of family formation on the lifelong careers of academic men and women. Academe 88: 21-27.
34. Mason, M.A. and Goulden, M. (2004). Marriage and Baby Blues: redefining gender equity in the Academy. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 596: 86-103.
35. McElroy, M.B. and Horney, M.J. (1981). Nash-bargained household decisions: Toward a generalization of the theory of demand. International Economic Review 22: 333-349.
36. McDonald, P. (2000). Gender equity in theories of fertility transition. Population and Development Review 26: 427-439.
37. Mincer, J. (1963). Market prices, opportunity costs, and income effects. In: Christ, C.F. et al. (eds.). Measurement in Economics. Stanford: Stanford University Press: 67-82.
38. Miranti, R., McNamara, J., Tanton, R., and Yap, M. (2009). A narrowing gap? Trends in the childlessness of professional women in Australia 1986-2006. Journal of Population Research 26: 359-379.
39. Nì Bhrolcháin, M. (1986). Women's paid work and the timing of births. European Journal of Population 2: 45-70.
40. Noonan, M.C. and Corcoran, M.E. (2004). The Mommy track and partnership: temporary delay or dead end? Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 596: 130-150.
41. Perna, L. (2001). Sex and race differences in faculty tenure and promotion. Research in Higher Education 42(5): 541-567.
42. Polachek, S.W. (1981). Occupational self-selection: a human capital approach to sex differences in occupational structure. Review of Economics and Statistics 63(1): 60-69.
43. Rindfuss, R.R., Morgan, S.P., and Offutt, K. (1996). Education and the changing age pattern of American fertility: 1963-1989. Demography 33(3): 277-290.
44. Singy, F. (1996). Modern marriage and its costs to women: A sociological look at marriage in France. Newark: University of Delaware Press.
45. Stanfors, M. (2003). Education, labor force participation and changing fertility patterns. A study of women and socioeconomic change in twentieth century Sweden. Stockholm: Almqvist and Wiksell International.
46. Sweet, S. and Moen, P. (2004). Coworking as a career strategy: Implications for the work and family lives of university employees. Innovative Higher Education 28: 255-272.
47. Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare, (Socialstyrelsen) (2013). Nationella planeringsstödet 2013. Stockholm: Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare.
48. Van Bavel, J. (2010). Choice of study discipline and the postponement of motherhood in Europe: the impact of expected earnings, gender composition and family attitudes. Demography 47(2): 439-458.
49. Willis, R.J. (1973). A new approach to the economic theory of fertility behavior. Journal of Political Economy 81: S14-S64.
50. Wolfinger, N.H., Mason, M.A., and Goulden, M. (2010). Alone in the ivory tower. Journal of Family Issues 31: 1652-1670.
51. Yang, Y. and Morgan, S.P. (2004). How big are educational and racial fertility differentials in the U.S.? Social Biology 51(3/4): 167-187.