Sex and race differences in faculty tenure and promotion

Research in Higher Education

Volumn 42, Issue 5, 2001, Pages 541-567

  Perna, Laura W ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND   (United States)

Author keywords

Faculty; Gender equity; Race equity; Rank; Tenure

Indexed keywords

EID: 0035486446     PISSN: 03610365     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1011050226672     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Ashraf, J. (1994). Differences in returns to education: an analysis by race. American Journal of Economics and Sociology 53(3): 281-290.
2. Baldwin, R. G., and Chronister, J. L. (1996). Full-time non-tenure track faculty. NEA Higher Education Research Center Update 2(5).
3. Bayer, A. E., and Astin, H. S. (1968). Sex differences in academic rank and salary among science doctorates in teaching. Journal of Human Resources 3(2): 191-200.
4. Becker, G. S. (1962). Investment in human capital: a theoretical analysis. Journal of Political Economy 70 Supplement (5): 9-49.
5. Bellas, M. L. (1994). Comparable worth in academia: the effects on faculty salaries of the sex composition and labor market conditions of academic disciplines. American Sociological Review 59(6): 807-821.
6. Bellas, M. L. (1997). The scholarly productivity of academic couples. In M. A. Ferber and J. W. Loeb (eds.), Academic Couples: Problems and Promises. Chicago: University of Illinois Press.
7. Bellas, M. L., and Toutkoushian, R. K. (1999). Faculty time allocations and research productivity: gender, race, and family effects. Review of Higher Education 22(4): 367-390.
8. Biglan, A. (1973). Characteristics of subject matter in different academic areas. Journal of Applied Psychology 57(3): 195-203.
9. Bowen, H. R., and Schuster, J. H. (1986). American Professors: A National Resource Imperiled. New York: Oxford University Press.
10. Broder, I. E. (1993). Professional achievements and gender differences among academic economists. Economic Inquiry 31: 116-127.
11. Cabrera, A. F. (1994). Logistic regression analysis in higher education: An applied perspective. In J. C. Smart (ed.), Higher Education: Handbook of Theory and Research, Vol. 10, pp. 225-256. New York: Agathon Press.
12. DeYoung, A. J. (1989). Economics and American Education: A Historical and Critical Overview of the Impact of Economic Theories on Schooling in the United States. White Plains, NY: Longman Inc.
13. Dreijmanis, J. (1991). Higher education and employment: is professional employment a right? Higher Education Review 23(3): 7-18.
14. Dwyer, P. (1994). Gender differences in the scholarly activities of accounting academics: an empirical investigation. Issues in Accounting Education 9(2): 231-246.
15. England, P. (1982). The failure of human capital theory to explain occupational sex segregation. Journal of Human Resources 17: 358-370.
16. Fairweather, J. S. (1995). Myths and realities of academic labor markets. Economics of Education Review 14(2): 179-192.
17. Fairweather, J. S. (1996). Faculty Work and Public Trust: Restoring the Value of Teaching and Public Service in American Academic Life. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
18. Fox, M. F. (1985). Publication, performance, and reward in science and scholarship. In J. C. Smart (ed.), Higher Education: Handbook of Theory and Research, pp. 255-282. New York: Agathon Press.
19. Gappa, J. M., and Leslie, D. W. (1993). Invisible Faculty: Improving the Status of Part-Timers in Higher Education. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Inc.
20. Glassick, C. E., Huber, M. T., and Maeroff, G. I. (1997). Scholarship Assessed: Evaluation of the Professoriate. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Inc.
21. Gordon, N. M., Morton, T. E., & Braden, I. C. (1974). Faculty salaries: is there discrimination by sex, race, and discipline? American Economic Review 64(3): 419-427.
22. Hoffman, C. A., and Ritchey, P. N. (1992). Assessing the differences in distance of interstate migration, 1980. Sociological Focus 25(3): 241-255.
23. Johnsrud, L. K. (1993). Women and minority faculty experiences: defining and responding to diverse realities. In J. Gainen and R. Boice (eds.), Building a Diverse Faculty, Vol. 53, pp. 3-16. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
24. Lewis, L. S. (1998). Scaling the Ivory Tower: Merit and Its Limits in Academic Careers (2nd ed.). New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers.
25. Marshall, H., and Perrucci. (1982). The structure of academic fields and rewards in academia. Sociology and Social Research 66(2): 127-147.
26. McElrath, K. (1992). Gender, career disruption, and academic rewards. Journal of Higher Education, 63(3): 269-281.
27. Menges, R. J., and Exum, W. H. (1983). Barriers to the progress of women and minority faculty. Journal of Higher Education 54(2): 123-144.
28. Park, S. M. (1996). Research, teaching, and service: why shouldn't women's work count? Journal of Higher Education 67(1): 46-84.
29. Persell, C. H. (1983). Gender, rewards and research in education. Psychology of Women Quarterly 8(1): 33-47.
30. Pfeffer, J., and Langton, N. (1988). Wage inequality and the organization of work: the case of academic departments. Administrative Science Quarterly 33: 588-606.
31. Ransom, M. R., and Megdal, S. B. (1993). Sex differences in the academic labor market in the affirmative action era. Economics of Education Review 12(1): 21-43.
32. Riggs, M. L., Downey, R. G., McIntyre, P. E., and Hoyt, D. P. (1986). Using discriminant analysis to predict faculty rank. Research in Higher Education 25(4): 365-376.
33. Rosenfeld, R. A., and Jones, J. A. (1987). Patterns and effects of geographic mobility for academic women and men. Journal of Higher Education 58(5): 493-515.
34. Schultz, T. W. (1961). Investment in human capital. American Economic Review 51(1): 1-17.
35. Selfa, L. A., Suter, N., Myers, S., Koch, S., Johnson, R. A., Zahs, D. A., Kuhr, B. D., and Abraham, S. Y. (1997). 1993 National Study of Postsecondary Faculty (NSOPF-93) Data File User's Manual Public-Use Institution File and Restricted-Use Faculty File. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics.
36. Smart, J. C. (1991). Gender equity in academic rank and salary. Review of Higher Education 14(4): 511-526.
37. Smart, J. C., and McLaughlin, G. W. (1978). Reward structures of academic disciplines. Research in Higher Education 8: 39-55.
38. Stewart, K. D., Dalton, M. M., Dino, G. A., and Wilkinson, S. P. (1996). The development of salary goal modeling: from regression analysis to a value-based prescriptive approach. Journal of Higher Education 67(5): 555-576.
39. Szafran, R. F. (1984). Universities and Women Faculty: Why Some Organizations Discriminate More Than Others. New York: Praeger Publishers.
40. Tierney, W. G. (1997). Organizational socialization in higher education. Journal of Higher Education 68(1): 1-16.
41. Tierney, W. G., and Bensimon, E. M. (1996). Promotion and Tenure: Community and Socialization in Academe. Albany: State University of New York Press.
42. Tierney, W. G., and Rhoads, R. A. (1993). Enhancing promotion, tenure and beyond: Faculty socialization as a cultural process (Report No. 6). Washington, DC: ASHEERIC Higher Education Reports.
43. Toutkoushian, R. K. (1999). The status of academic women in the 1990s: no longer outsiders, but not yet equals. Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance 39(special issue): 679-689.
44. Weiler, W. C. (1990). Integrating rank differences into a model of male-female faculty salary discrimination. Quarterly Review of Economics and Business 30(1): 3-15.
45. Youn, T. I. K. (1988). Studies of academic markets and careers: an historical review. In D. W. Breneman and T. I. K. Youn (eds.), Academic Labor Markets and Careers, pp. 8-27. New York: The Palmer Press.
46. Youn, T. I. K. (1992). The sociology of academic careers and academic labor markets. Research in Labor Economics 13: 101-130.