Impact of lipoprotein(a) levels and apolipoprotein(a) isoform size on risk of coronary heart disease

Journal of Internal Medicine

Volumn 276, Issue 3, 2014, Pages 260-268

  Hopewell, J C ^a   Seedorf, U ^b   Farrall, M ^a,c   Parish, S ^a   Kyriakou, T ^a,c   Goel, A ^a,c   Hamsten, A ^d   Collins, R ^a   Watkins, H ^a,c   Clarke, R ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MÜNSTER   (Germany)

^c UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^d KAROLINSKA INSTITUTE   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Apolipoprotein(a); Coronary heart disease; Isoform size; Lipoprotein(a)

Indexed keywords

APOLIPOPROTEIN(A); CORONARY HEART DISEASE; ISOFORM SIZE; LIPOPROTEIN(A);

APOPROTEIN(A); CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; CORONARY DISEASE; FEMALE; HUMANS; LIPOPROTEIN(A); MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PROTEIN ISOFORMS; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 84905726369     PISSN: 09546820     EISSN: 13652796     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/joim.12187     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Clarke R, Peden JF, Hopewell JC et al. Genetic variants associated with Lp(a) lipoprotein level and coronary disease. N Engl J Med 2009; 361: 2518-28.
2. Kamstrup PR, Tybjaerg-Hansen A, Steffensen R, Nordestgaard BG. Genetically elevated lipoprotein(a) and increased risk of myocardial infarction. JAMA 2009; 301: 2331-9.
3. Tregouet DA, Konig IR, Erdmann J et al. Genome-wide haplotype association study identifies the SLC22A3-LPAL2-LPA gene cluster as a risk locus for coronary artery disease. Nat Genet 2009; 41: 283-5.
4. Kronenberg F, Utermann G. Lipoprotein(a): resurrected by genetics. J Intern Med 2013; 273: 6-30.
5. Berg K. A new serum type system in man-the Lp system. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand 1963; 59: 369-82.
6. Utermann G. The mysteries of lipoprotein(a). Science 1989; 246: 904-10.
7. Berglund L, Ramakrishnan R. Lipoprotein(a): an elusive cardiovascular risk factor. Arterioscler Thromb 2004; 24: 2219-26.
8. Erqou S, Kaptoge S, Perry PL et al. Lipoprotein(a) concentration and the risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and nonvascular mortality. JAMA 2009; 302: 412-23.
9. Erqou S, Thompson A, Di Angelantonio E et al. Apolipoprotein(a) isoforms and the risk of vascular disease: systematic review of 40 studies involving 58, 000 participants. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010; 55: 2160-7.
10. Farrer M, Game FL, Albers CJ et al. Coronary artery disease is associated with increased lipoprotein(a) concentrations independent of the size of circulating apolipoprotein(a) isoforms. Arterioscler Thromb 1994; 14: 1272-83.
11. Lamon-Fava S, Marcovina SM, Albers JJ et al. Lipoprotein(a) levels, apo(a) isoform size, and coronary heart disease risk in the Framingham Offspring Study. J Lipid Res 2011; 52: 1181-7.
12. Rifai N, Ma J, Sacks FM et al. Apolipoprotein(a) size and lipoprotein(a) concentration and future risk of angina pectoris with evidence of severe coronary atherosclerosis in men: the Physicians' Health Study. Clin Chem 2004; 50: 1364-71.
13. Sandholzer C, Boerwinkle E, Saha N, Tong MC, Utermann G. Apolipoprotein(a) phenotypes, Lp(a) concentration and plasma lipid levels in relation to coronary heart disease in a Chinese population: evidence for the role of the apo(a) gene in coronary heart disease. J Clin Invest 1992; 89: 1040-6.
14. Sandholzer C, Saha N, Kark JD et al. Apo(a) isoforms predict risk for coronary heart disease. A study in six populations. Arterioscler Thromb 1992; 12: 1214-26.
15. Langer C, Tambyrayah B, Nowak-Gottl U. Testing for apolipoprotein(a) phenotype using isoelectric focusing and immunoblotting technique. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 992: 407-12.
16. Marcovina SM, Hobbs HH, Albers JJ. Relation between number of apolipoprotein(a) kringle 4 repeats and mobility of isoforms in agarose gel: basis for a standardized isoform nomenclature. Clin Chem 1996; 42: 436-9.
17. Siekmeier R, Marz W, Scharnagel H. Determination of lipoprotein(a): comparison of a novel latex enhanced immunoturbidimetric assay and an immunoradiometric assay. Lab Medizin 1996; 20: 294-8.
18. Marcovina SM, Koschinsky ML, Albers JJ, Skarlatos S. Report of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Workshop on Lipoprotein(a) and Cardiovascular Disease: recent advances and future directions. Clin Chem 2003; 49: 1785-96.
19. Tsimikas S, Brilakis ES, Miller ER et al. Oxidized phospholipids, Lp(a) lipoprotein, and coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med 2005; 353: 46-57.
20. Mora S, Kamstrup PR, Rifai N, Nordestgaard BG, Buring JE, Ridker PM. Lipoprotein(a) and risk of type 2 diabetes. Clin Chem 2010; 56: 1252-60.
21. Kronenberg F, Utermann G, Dieplinger H. Lipoprotein(a) in renal disease. Am J Kidney Dis 1996; 27: 1-25.
22. Rubin J, Paultre F, Tuck CH et al. Apolipoprotein [a] genotype influences isoform dominance pattern differently in African Americans and Caucasians. J Lipid Res 2002; 43: 234-44.
23. Nordestgaard BG, Chapman MJ, Ray K et al. Lipoprotein(a) as a cardiovascular risk factor: current status. Eur Heart J 2010; 31: 2844-53.
24. Boden WE, Probstfield JL, Anderson T et al. Niacin in patients with low HDL cholesterol levels receiving intensive statin therapy. N Engl J Med 2011; 365: 2255-67.
25. Carlson LA. Nicotinic acid: the broad-spectrum lipid drug. A 50th anniversary review. J Intern Med 2005; 258: 94-114.
26. HPS2-THRIVE Collaborative Group. HPS2-THRIVE randomized placebo-controlled trial in 25 673 high-risk patients of ER niacin/laropiprant: trial design, pre-specified muscle and liver outcomes, and reasons for stopping study treatment. Eur Heart J 2013; 34: 1279-91.
27. Cannon CP, Shah S, Dansky HM et al. Safety of anacetrapib in patients with or at high risk for coronary heart disease. N Engl J Med 2010; 363: 2406-15.
28. HPS3-TIMI55-REVEAL. Randomized Evaluation of the Effects of Anacetrapib Through Lipid-modification. http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01252953.
29. Jaeger BR, Richter Y, Nagel D et al. Longitudinal cohort study on the effectiveness of lipid apheresis treatment to reduce high lipoprotein(a) levels and prevent major adverse coronary events. Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med 2009; 6: 229-39.