Mechanisms and rates of recharge at Timbuktu, Republic of Mali

Groundwater for Sustainable Development: Problems, Perspectives and Challenges

Volumn , Issue , 2008, Pages 55-60

  Jacks, G ^a   Traore, M ^b  

^a ROYAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (Sweden)

^b Project de Lac Faguibine   (Mali)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84905344988     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (34)

1. Allison, G.B. & Hughes, M.W. 1983. Use of natural tracers as indicators of soil-water movement in a temperate semi-arid region. J. Hydrol. 60: 157–173.
2. Bromley, J., Edmuinds, W.M., Fellman, E., Brouwer, J., Gaze, S.R., Sudlow, J. & Taupin, J.-D. 1997a. Estimation of rainfall input and direct recharge to the deep unsaturated zone of southern Niger using the chloride profile method. J. Hydrol. 188–189: 139–154.
3. Bromley, J., Brouwer, J., Barker, A.P., Gaze, S.R. & Valentin, C. 1997b. The role of surface water redistribution in a semi-arid environment, south-west Niger. J. Hydrol. 198: 1–29.
4. Cattle, S.R. 1999. Efficacy of perforating the soil to capture and store rain during fallow in dry regions. Eur. J. Soil Sci. 50: 481–487.
5. Daba, S. 1999. Note on the effects of soil surface crusts on the grain yield of sorghum in the Sahel. Field Crops Res. 61(3): 193–199.
6. Deans, J.D., Edmunds, W.M., Linley, D.K., Gaye, C.B., Dreyfus, B., Nizinski, J.J., Neyra, M., Ingleby, K. & Munro, R.C. 2005. Nitrogen in interstitial waters in the Sahel; natural baseline, pollutant or resource? Plant and Soil 271: 47–62.
7. Defarge, C., Oumarou Malam, I. & Trichet, J. 1999. Apports du cryo-microscope electronique a balayage A emission de champ a l´etude des matieres organique et des relations organo-minerales naturelles. Application aux croutes microbiotique de sols. Comptes Rendue Académides Sciences, Paris, Sciences de la Terre et des planètes 328(9): 591–597.
8. Edmunds, W.M. & Gaye, C.B. 1997. Naturally high nitrate concentrations in groundwaters from the Sahel. J. Environ. Qual. 26: 1231–1239.
9. Eldridge, D.J., Tozer, M.E. & Slangen, S. 1997. Soil hydrology is independent of microphytic crusts cover: further evidence from a wooded semiarid Australian rangeland. Arid Soil Res. Rehab. 11: 113–126.
10. Fontes, J.-C., Andrews, J.N., Edmunds, W.M., Guerre, A. & Travi, Y. 1991. Paleorecharge by the Niger River in Mali deduced from groundwater chemistry. Water Res. 27: 199–214.
11. Freydier, R., Dupre, B. & Lacaux, J.P. 1996. Precipitation chemistry in intertropical Africa. Atmospheric Environ. 32: 749–765.
12. Galy-Lacaux, C. & Modi, A.I. 1998. Precipitation chemistry in the Sahelian Savanna. J. Atmos. Chem. 30: 319–343.
13. Garcia-Pichel, F. & Belnap, J. 1996. Microenvironments and microscale productivity of cyanobacterial desert crusts. J. Phycol. 32: 774–782.
14. Gaze, S.R., Simmonds, L.P., Brouwer, J. & Bouma, J. 1997. Measurement of surface redistribution of rainfall and modelling its effect on water balance calculations for a millet field on sandy soil in Niger. J. Hydrol. 188–189: 267–284.
15. Gieske, A. 1992. Dynamics of groundwater recharge. A case study in semi-arid Botswana. PhD thesis, Enschede, Vrije Universiteit. 289p.
16. Gon, I.B., Fellman, E. & Edmunds, W.M. 2001. Rainfall geochemistry in the Sahel region of northern Nigeria. Atmospheric Environ. 35: 4331–4339.
17. Heil, J.W., Juo, A.S.R. & McInnes, K.J. 1997. Soil properties influencing surface sealing of some sandy soils in the Sahel. Soil Sci. 162: 459–469.
18. Heimaux, P. & Gerard, B. 1999. The influence of vegetation pattern on the productivity, diversity and stability of vegetation: the case of “brousse tigre” in the Sahel. Acta Oecologia 20(3): 147–158.
19. Issa, O.M., Coute, A., Valentin, C., Trichet, J. & Defarge, C. 1999. Morphology and microstructure of microbiotic crusts on a tiger bush sequence (Niger, Sahel). Catena 37: 175–196.
20. Jacobberger-Jellison, P.A. 1994. Detection of post-drought environmental conditions in theTombouctou region. Int. J. Remote Sensing 15: 3183–3197.
21. Jonnalagadda, S.B., Makadho, J., Matinde, N., Karimanzira, R.P. & Makarau, A. 1994. Chemical composition of rainwater and air quality in Zimbabwe, Africa. Sci. Tot. Environ. 144: 261–271.
22. Leduc, C., Sabljak, S., Taupin, J.-D., Marlin, C. & Favreau, G. 2000. Estimation de la recharge de la nappe quaternaire dans le Nord-Ouest de basin de lac Tchad (Niger oriental). A partir de mesures isotopiques. Comptes Rendue Académides Sciences, Paris, Sciences de la Terre et des Planètes 330: 355–361.
23. Maydell, H.-J. 1986. Trees and shrubs of the Sahel. Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Technische Zusammenarbeit, Eschborn. 525p.
24. Modi, A.I., Lacaux, J.P., Labroue, L. & Rene-Baudet, J.G. 1995. Chimie des aerosols et des pluies dans la savanne semi-aride du Niger. Secheresse 6: 331–335.
25. Nizinski, J., Morand, D. & Fournier, C. 1994. Actual evapotranspiration of a torn shrub with Acacia tortilis and Balanites aegyptiaca (North Senegal). Agric. Forest Meteorol. 72: 93–111.
26. Nkotagu, H. 1996. Application of environmental isotopes to groundwater recharge studies in a semiarid fractured crystalline basement area of Dodoma, Tanzania. J. African Earth Sci. 22(4): 443–457.
27. Ribolzi, O., Auque, L., Bariac, T., Casenave, A., Delhoume, J.-P., Gathelier, R. & Pot, V. 2000. ecoulements hypodermiques et transferts de solutes dans les placages eoliens du Sahel: etude par tracage isotopique et chimique sous pluies simulees. Comptes Rendue Académides Sciences, Paris, Sciences de la Terre et des Planètes 330: 53–60.
28. Rockstrom, J. & Valentin, C. 1996. Hillslope dynamics of on-farm generation of surface water flows: the case of rain-fed cultivation of pearl millet on sandy soil in the Sahel. Agric. Water Management 33: 183–210.
29. Rockstrom, J., Jansson, P.-E. & Barron, J. 1998. Seasonal rainfall partitioning under runon and runoff conditions on sandy soil in Niger. On farm measurements and water balance modelling. J. Hydrol. 210: 68–92.
30. Rockstrom, J. 1999. On-farm green water estimates as a tool for increased food production in water scarce regions. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part B 24(4): 375–383.
31. Tengberg, A. 1995. Nebkha dunes as indicators of wind erosion and land degradation in the Sahel zone of Burkina Faso. J. Arid Environ. 30(3): 265–282.
32. Tredoux, G. & du Plessis, L.-M. 1992. Situation appraisal of nitrate in groundwater in South Africa. Water Supply 10: 7–16.
33. Valentin, C. & Bresson, L.-M. 1992. Morphology, genesis and classification of surface crusts in loamy and sandy soils. Geoderma 55: 225–245.
34. Wallace, J.S. & Holvill, C.J. 1997. Soil evaporation from tiger-bush in south-west Niger. J. Hydrol. 188–189: 426–442.