Elevated body mass index as a risk factor for chronic kidney disease: Current perspectives

Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity

Volumn 7, Issue , 2014, Pages 347-355

  Garland, Jocelyn S ^a  

^a QUEEN S UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Adipokine; Chronic renal disease; Obesity

Indexed keywords

ADIPOCYTOKINE; ADIPONECTIN; ALBUMIN; ANGIOTENSINOGEN; C REACTIVE PROTEIN; GLUCOSE; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; INSULIN; LEPTIN; NICOTINAMIDE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE; RENIN; RESISTIN; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

ADIPOSE TISSUE; BODY MASS; CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE; CLINICAL ASSESSMENT; CYTOKINE RELEASE; DIABETES MELLITUS; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; GLOMERULUS FILTRATION RATE; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; KIDNEY FAILURE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; NONHUMAN; OBESITY; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; RENIN ANGIOTENSIN ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT;

EID: 84905269166     PISSN: None     EISSN: 11787007     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2147/DMSO.S46674     Document Type: Review

References (58)

1. National Kidney Foundation. K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification, and stratification. Am J Kidney Dis. 2002; 39: S1-S266.
2. Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) CKD Work Group. KDIGO 2012 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease. Kidney Int Suppl. 2013; 3: 1-150.
3. Levin A, Djurdjev O, Beaulieu M, Er L. Variability and risk factors for kidney disease progression and death following attainment of stage 4 CKD in a referred cohort. Am J Kidney Dis. 2008; 52(4): 661-671.
4. McCullough K, Sharma P, Ali T, et al. Measuring the population burden of chronic kidney disease: a systematic literature review of the estimated prevalence of impaired kidney function. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2012; 27(5): 1812-1821.
5. Turin TC, Tonelli M, Manns BJ, et al. Lifetime risk of ESRD. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2012; 23(9): 1569-1578.
6. Boulware LE, Jaar BG, Tarver-Carr ME, et al. Screening for proteinuria in US adults: a cost-effectiveness analysis. JAMA. 2003; 290: 3101-3114.
7. Levey AS, Atkins R, Coresh J, et al. Chronic kidney disease as a global public health problem: approaches andinitiatives-a position statement from Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes. Kidney Int. 2007; 72(3): 247-259.
8. World Health Organization [homepage on the Internet]. Obesity and overweight. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2012. Available from: http://www. who. int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en. Accessed December 19, 2013.
9. Gotay CC, Katzmarzyk PT, Janssen I, Dawson MY, Aminoltejari K, Bartley NL. Updating the Canadian obesity maps: an epidemic in progress. Can J Public Health. 2012; 104(1): e64-e68.
10. Henegar JR, Bigler SA, Henegar LK, et al. Functional and structural changes in the kidney in the early stages of obesity. J Am Soc Nephrol 2001; 12: 1211-1217.
11. Kasiske BL, Crosson JT. Renal disease in patients with massive obesity. Arch Intern Med. 1986; 146: 1105-1109.
12. de Jong PE, Verhave JC, Pinto-Sietsma SJ, Hillege HL. Obesity and target organ damage: the kidney. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2002; 26: S21-S24.
13. Chagnac A, Weinstein T, Korzets A, et al. Glomerular hemodynamics in severe obesity. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2000; 278: F817-F822.
14. Rüster C, Wolf G. Adipokines promote chronic kidney disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2013; 28 Suppl 4: iv8-iv14.
15. National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final report. Circulation. 2002; 106: 3143-3421.
16. Ford ES, Li C, Sattar N. Metabolic syndrome and incident diabetes: current state of the evidence. Diabetes Care. 2008; 31: 1898-1904.
17. Galassi A, Reynolds K, He J. Metabolic syndrome and risk of cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis. Am J Med. 2006; 119: 812-819.
18. Chen J, Muntner P, Hamm LL, et al. The metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease in US adults. Ann Intern Med. 2004; 140(3): 167-174.
19. Ninomiya T, Kiyohara Y, Kubo M, et al. Metabolic syndrome and CKD in a general Japanese population: the Hisayama Study. Am J Kidney Dis. 2006; 48(3): 383-391.
20. Kern PA, Ranganathan S, Li C, Wood L, Ranganathan G. Adipose tissue tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-6 expression in human obesity and insulin resistance. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2001; 280(5): E745-E751.
21. Suganami T, Nishida J, Ogawa Y. A paracrine loop between adipocytes and macrophages aggravates inflammatory changes: role of free fatty acids and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2005; 25(10): 2062-2068.
22. Manabe I. Chronic inflammation links cardiovascular, metabolic and renal diseases. Circ J. 2011; 75(12): 2739-2748.
23. Thomas G, Sehgal AR, Kashyap SR, Srinivas TR, Kirwan JP, Navaneethan SD. Metabolic syndrome and kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011; 6(10): 2364-2373.
24. Kadowaki T, Yamauchi T, Kubota N, Hara K, Ueki K, Tobe K. Adiponectin and adiponectin receptors in insulin resistance, diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome. J Clin Invest. 2006; 116(7): 1784-1792.
25. Kacso IM, Bondor CI, Kacso G. Plasma adiponectin is related to the progression of kidney disease in type 2 diabetes patients. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 2012; 72(4): 333-339.
26. Zoccali C, Mallamaci F, Tripepi G, et al. Adiponectin, metabolic risk factors, and cardiovascular events among patients with end-stage renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2002; 13(1): 134-141.
27. Sharma K, Ramachandrarao S, Qiu G, et al. Adiponectin regulates albuminuria and podocyte function in mice. J Clin Invest. 2008; 118(5): 1645-1656.
28. Yilmaz MI, Saglam M, Carrero JJ, et al. Serum visfatin concentration and endothelial dysfunction in chronic kidney disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2008; 23(3): 959-965.
29. Koshimura J, Fujita H, Narita T, et al. Urinary adiponectin excretion is increased in patients with overt diabetic nephropathy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994; 316: 165-169.
30. Considine RV, Sinha MK, Heiman ML, et al. Serum immunoreactive leptin concentrations in normal-weight and obese humans. N Engl J Med. 1996; 334(5): 292-295.
31. Adamczak M, Wiecek A. The adipose tissue as an endocrine organ. Semin Nephrol. 2013; 33(1): 2-13.
32. Shankar A, Syamala S, Xiao J, Muntner P. Relationship between plasma leptin level and chronic kidney disease. Int J Nephrol. 2012; 2012: 269532.
33. Nordfors L, Lönnqvist F, Heimbürger O, Danielsson A, Schalling M, Stenvinkel P. Low leptin gene expression and hyperleptinemia in chronic renal failure. Kidney Int. 1998; 54(4): 1267-1275.
34. Nasrallah MP, Ziyadeh FN. Overview of the physiology and pathophysiology of leptin with special emphasis on its role in the kidney. Semin Nephrol. 2013; 33(1): 54-65.
35. Tang J, Yan H, Zhuang S. Inflammation and oxidative stress in obesityrelated glomerulopathy. Int J Nephrol. 2012; 2012: 608397.
36. Han DC, Isono M, Chen S, et al. Leptin stimulates type I collagen production in db/db mesangial cells: glucose uptakeand TGF-beta type II receptor expression. Kidney Int. 2001; 59(4): 1315-1323.
37. Steppan CM, Bailey ST, Bhat S, et al. The hormone resistin links obesity to diabetes. Nature. 2001; 409(6818): 307-312.
38. Ste{ogonek}pieńM, Ste{ogonek}pieńA, Wlazeł RN, et al. Obesity indices and adipokines in non-diabetic obese patients with early stages of chronic kidney disease. Med Sci Monit. 2013; 19: 1063-1072.
39. Axelsson J, Bergsten A, Qureshi AR, et al. Elevated resistin levels in chronic kidney disease are associated with decreased glomerular filtration rate and inflammation, but not with insulin resistance. Kidney Int. 2006; 69(3): 596-604.
40. Kielstein JT, Becker B, Graf S, Brabant G, Haller H, Fliser D. Increased resistin blood levels are not associated with insulin resistance in patients with renal disease. Am J Kidney Dis. 2003; 42(1): 62-66.
41. Axelsson J, Witasp A, Carrero JJ, et al. Circulating levels of visfatin/pre-B-cell colony-enhancing factor 1 in relation to genotype, GFR, body composition, and survival in patients with CKD. Am J Kidney Dis. 2007; 49(2): 237-244.
42. Carrero JJ, Witasp A, Stenvinkel P, et al. Visfatin is increased in chronic kidney disease patients with poor appetite and correlates negatively with fasting serum amino acids and triglyceride levels. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2010; 25(3): 901-906.
43. Cassis LA, Police SB, Yiannikouris F, Thatcher SE. Local adipose tissue renin-angiotensin system. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2008; 10(2): 93-98.
44. Boustany CM, Bharadwaj K, Daugherty A, Brown DR, Randall DC, Cassis LA. Activation of the systemic and adipose renin-angiotensin system in rats with diet-induced obesity and hypertension. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2004; 287(4): R943-R949.
45. Iseki K, Ikemiya Y, Kinjo K, et al. Body mass index and the risk of development of end-stage renal disease in a screened cohort. Kidney Int. 2004; 65: 1870-1876.
46. Hallan S, de Mutsert R, Carlsen S, et al. Obesity, smoking, and physical inactivity as risk factors for CKD: are men more vulnerable? Am J Kidney Dis. 2006; 47: 396-405.
47. Gelber RP, Kurth T, Kausz AT, et al. Association between body mass index and CKD in apparently healthy men. Am J Kidney Dis. 2005; 46: 871-880.
48. Hsu CY, McCulloch CE, Iribarren C, et al. Body mass index and risk for end-stage renal disease. Ann Intern Med. 2006; 144: 21-28.
49. Kramer H, Luke A, Bidani A, et al. Obesity andprevalent and incident CKD: the hypertension detection and follow-up program. Am J Kidney Dis. 2005; 46: 587-594.
50. Stengel B, Tarrer-Carr ME, Powe NR, et al. Life style factors, obesity and the risk of chronic kidney disease. Epidemiology. 2003; 14: 479-487.
51. Wang Y, Chen X, Song Y, Caballero B, Cheskin LJ. Association between obesity and kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Kidney Int. 2008; 73(1): 19-33.
52. Elsayed EF, Sarnak MJ, Tighiouart H, et al. Waist-to-hip ratio, body mass index, and subsequent kidney disease and death. Am J Kidney Dis. 2008; 52(1): 29-38.
53. Noori N, Hosseinpanah F, Nasiri AA, Azizi F. Comparison of overall obesity and abdominal adiposity in predicting chronic kidney disease incidence among adults. J Ren Nutr. 2009; 19(3): 228-237.
54. Fox CS, Larson MG, Leip EP, Culleton B, Wilson PW, Levy D. Predictors of new-onset kidney disease in a community-based population. JAMA. 2004; 291(7): 844-850.
55. Garland JS, Holden RM, Hopman WM, Gill SS, Nolan RL, Morton AR. Body mass index, coronary artery calcification, and kidney function decline in stage 3 to 5 chronic kidney disease patients. J Ren Nutr. 2013; 23(1): 4-11.
56. Othman M, Kawar B, El Nahas AM. Influence of obesity on progression of non-diabetic chronic kidney disease: a retrospective cohort study. Nephron Clin Pract. 2009; 113(1): c16-c23.
57. Kovesdy CP, Anderson JE, Kalantar-Zadeh K. Paradoxical association between body mass index and mortality in men with CKD not yet on dialysis. Am J Kidney Dis. 2007; 49(5): 581-591.
58. Beddhu S. The body mass index paradox and an obesity, inflammation, and atherosclerosis syndrome in chronic kidney disease. Semin Dial. 2004; 17: 229-232.