Broad-range survey of tick-borne pathogens in southern germany reveals a high prevalence of babesia microti and a diversity of other tick-borne pathogens

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

Volumn 14, Issue 8, 2014, Pages 584-591

  Eshoo, Mark W ^a   Crowder, Chris D ^a   Carolan, Heather E ^a   Rounds, Megan A ^a   Ecker, David J ^a   Haag, Heike ^b   Mothes, Benedikt ^b,c   Nolte, Oliver ^b,d  

^a ABBOTT LABORATORIES   (United States)

^b Laboratory of Dr Brunner Constance   (Germany)

^c UNIVERSITY OF TÜBINGEN   (Germany)

^d Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie Zentrum für LaborMedizin Luzerner Kantonsspital   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Anaplasma phagocytophilum; Babesia microti; Borrelia; Lyme borreliosis; Rickettsia helvetica

Indexed keywords

ANAPLASMA PHAGOCYTOPHILUM; ARTICLE; BABESIA MICROTI; BORRELIA; BORRELIA BURGDORFERI; BORRELIA MIYAMOTOI; DNA SEQUENCE; ELECTROSPRAY MASS SPECTROMETRY; GERMANY; IXODES RICINUS; MICROBIAL DIVERSITY; NONHUMAN; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RICKETTSIA HELVETICA; RICKETTSIA MONACENSIS; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; ANIMAL; BABESIA; CLASSIFICATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; GENETICS; GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND AGING; HUMAN; ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION; IXODES; MICROBIOLOGY; PARASITE VECTOR; PARASITOLOGY; PROCEDURES; RICKETTSIA; TICK BORNE DISEASE;

BACTERIAL DNA;

ANAPLASMA PHAGOCYTOPHILUM; ANIMALS; ARTHROPOD VECTORS; BABESIA; BABESIA MICROTI; BORRELIA; DNA, BACTERIAL; GERMANY; HUMANS; IXODES; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PREVALENCE; RICKETTSIA; SPECTROMETRY, MASS, ELECTROSPRAY IONIZATION; TICK-BORNE DISEASES;

EID: 84905215094     PISSN: 15303667     EISSN: 15577759     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2013.1498     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Asad S, Sweeney J, Mermel LA. Transfusion-transmitted babesiosis in Rhode Island. Transfusion 2009; 49:2564-2573.
2. Barandika JF, Hurtado A, Garcia-Esteban C, Gil H, et al. Tick-borne zoonotic bacteria in wild and domestic small mammals in northern Spain. Appl Environ Microbiol 2007; 73: 6166-6171.
3. Blaschitz M, Narodoslavsky-Gfoller M, Kanzler M, Stanek G, et al. Babesia species occurring in Austrian Ixodes ricinus ticks. Appl Environ Microbiol 2008; 74:4841-4846.
4. Chmielewska-Badora J, Moniuszko A, Zukiewicz-Sobczak W, Zwolinski J, et al. Serological survey in persons occupationally exposed to tick-borne pathogens in cases of co-infections with Borrelia burgdorferi, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Bartonella spp. and Babesia microti. Ann Agric Environ Med 2012; 19:271-274.
5. Cornely M, Schultz U. [The tick fauna of eastern Germany]. Angew Parasitol 1992; 33:173-183.
6. Crowder CD, Rounds MA, Phillipson CA, Picuri JM, et al. Extraction of total nucleic acids from ticks for the detection of bacterial and viral pathogens. J Med Entomol 2010; 47:89-94.
7. Crowder CD, Matthews HE, Schutzer S, Rounds MA, et al. Genotypic variation and mixtures of Lyme Borrelia in Ixodes ticks from North America and Europe. PLoS One 2010; 5: e10650.
8. Crowder CD, Matthews HE, Rounds MA, et al. Detection of heartworm infection in dogs via PCR amplification and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry of nucleic acid extracts from whole blood samples. Am J Vet Res. Jun 2012; 73(6):854-859.
9. de la Fuente J, Estrada-Pena A, Venzal JM, Kocan KM, et al. Overview: Ticks as vectors of pathogens that cause disease in humans and animals. Front Biosci 2008; 13:6938-6946.
10. Dietrich F, Schmidgen T, Maggi RG, Richter D, et al. Prevalence of Bartonella henselae and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato DNA in Ixodes ricinus ticks in Europe. Appl Environ Microbiol 2010; 76:1395-1398.
11. Dobler G, Wolfel R. Typhus and other rickettsioses: Emerging infections in Germany. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2009; 106:348-354.
12. Ecker DJ, Sampath R, Blyn LB, Eshoo MW, et al. Rapid identification and strain-typing of respiratory pathogens for epidemic surveillance. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005; 102: 8012-8017.
13. Ecker DJ, Sampath R, Massire C, Blyn LB, et al. Ibis T5000: A universal biosensor approach for microbiology. Nat Rev Microbiol 2008; 6:553-558.
14. Ecker JA, Massire C, Hall TA, Ranken R, et al. Identification of Acinetobacter species and genotyping of Acinetobacter bau-mannii by multilocus PCR and mass spectrometry. J Clin Microbiol 2006; 44:2921-2932.
15. Eshoo MW, Crowder CD, Li H, Metthews HE, et al. Detection and identification of Ehrlichia species in blood by use of PCR and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. J Clin Mi-crobiol 2010;48:472-478.
16. Eshoo MW, Crowder CC, Rebman AW, Rounds MA, et al. Direct molecular detection and genotyping of Borrelia burgdorferi from whole blood of patients with early Lyme disease. PLoS One 2012; 7:e36825.
17. Faulde MK, Robbins RG. Tick infestation risk and Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. infection-induced increase in host-finding efficacy of female Ixodes ricinus under natural conditions. Exp Appl Acarol 2008; 44:137-145.
18. Franke J, Fritzsch J, Tomaso H, Straube E, et al. Coexistence of pathogens in host-seeking and feeding ticks within a single natural habitat in Central Germany. Appl Environ Microbiol 2010; 76:6829-6836.
19. Franke J, Hildebrandt A, Meier F, Straube E, et al. Prevalence of Lyme disease agents and several emerging pathogens in questing ticks from the German Baltic coast. J Med Entomol 2011; 48:441-444.
20. Gern L, Douet V, Lopez Z, Rais O, et al. Diversity of Borrelia genospecies in Ixodes ricinus ticks in a Lyme borreliosis endemic area in Switzerland identified by using new probes for reverse line blotting. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2010; 1: 23-29.
21. Grant-Klein RJ, Baldwin CD, Turell MJ, Rossi CA, et al. Rapid identification of vector-borne flaviviruses by mass spec-trometry. Mol Cell Probes 2010; 24:219-228.
22. Gubernot DM, Lucey CT, Lee KC, Conley GB, et al. Babesia infection through blood transfusions: Reports received by the US Food and Drug Administration, 1997-2007. Clin Infect Dis 2009a; 48:25-30.
23. Gubernot DM, Nakhasi HL, Mied PA, Asher DM, et al. Transfusion-transmitted babesiosis in the United States: Summary of a workshop. Transfusion 2009b; 49:2759-2771.
24. Hartelt K, Oehme R, Frank H, Brockmann SO, et al. Pathogens and symbionts in ticks: Prevalence of Anaplasma phagocy-tophilum (Ehrlichia sp.), Wolbachia sp., Rickettsia sp., and Babesia sp. in Southern Germany. Int J Med Microbiol 2004; 293(Suppl 37):86-92.
25. Hildebrandt A, Hunfeld KP, Baier M, Krumbholz A, et al. First confirmed autochthonous case of human Babesia microti infection in Europe. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2007; 26:595-601.
26. Hildebrandt A, Kramer A, Sachse S, Straube E. Detection of Rickettsia spp. and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Ixodes ricinus ticks in a region of Middle Germany (Thuringia). Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2010a; 1:52-56.
27. Hildebrandt A, Pauliks K, Sachse S, Straube E. Coexistence of Borrelia spp. and Babesia spp. in Ixodes ricinus ticks in Middle Germany. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2010b; 10:831-837.
28. Hunfeld KP, Lambert A, Kampen H, Albert S, et al. Sero-prevalence of Babesia infections in humans exposed to ticks in midwestern Germany. J Clin Microbiol 2002; 40:2431-2436.
29. Krause PJ, Telford SR, 3rd, Spielman A, Sikand V, et al. Concurrent Lyme disease and babesiosis. Evidence for increased severity and duration of illness. JAMA 1996; 275: 1657-1660.
30. Loebermann M, Fingerle V, Lademann M, Fritzsche C, et al. Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum coin-fection. Emerg Infect Dis 2006; 12:353-355.
31. Martinot M, Zadeh MM, Hansmann Y, Grawey I, et al. Babe-siosis in immunocompetent patients. Europe. Emerg Infect Dis 2011; 17:114-116.
32. Nilsson K, Lindquist O, Pahlson C. Association of Rickettsia helvetica with chronic perimyocarditis in sudden cardiac death. Lancet 1999; 354:1169-1173.
33. Pancewicz S, Moniuszko A, Bieniarz E, Pucilo K, et al. Anti-Babesia microti antibodies in foresters highly exposed to tick bites in Poland. Scand J Infect Dis 2011; 43:197-201.
34. Pichon B, Kahl O, Hammer B, Gray JS. Pathogens and host DNA in Ixodes ricinus nymphal ticks from a German forest. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2006; 6:382-387.
35. Rauter C, Oehme R, Diterich I, Engele M, et al. Distribution of clinically relevant Borrelia genospecies in ticks assessed by a novel, single-run, real-time PCR. J Clin Microbiol 2002; 40:36-43.
36. Rounds MA, Crowder CD, Matthews HE, Li F, et al. Identification of endosymbionts in ticks by broad-range polymerase chain reaction and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. J Med Entomol 2012; 49:843-850.
37. Schaarschmidt D, Oehme R, Kimmig P, Hesch RD, et al. Detection and molecular typing of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in Ixodes ricinus ticks and in different patient samples from southwest Germany. Eur J Epidemiol 2001; 17:1067-1074.
38. Schorn S, Pfister K, Reulen H, Mahling M, et al. Occurrence of Babesia spp., Rickettsia spp. and Bartonella spp. in Ixodes ricinus in Bavarian public parks, Germany. Parasit Vectors 2011; 4:135.
39. Schwaiger M, Cassinotti P. Development of a quantitative realtime RT-PCR assay with internal control for the laboratory detection of tick borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) RNA. J Clin Virol 2003; 27:136-145.
40. Schwartz I, Wormser GP, Schwartz JJ, Cooper D, et al. Diagnosis of early Lyme disease by polymerase chain reaction amplification and culture of skin biopsies from erythema migrans lesions. J Clin Microbiol 1992; 30:3082-3088.
41. Sekeyova Z, Subramanian G, Mediannikov O, Diaz MQ, et al. Evaluation of clinical specimens for Rickettsia, Bartonella, Borrelia, Coxiella, Anaplasma, Franciscella and Diplorickettsia positivity using serological and molecular biology methods. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 2012; 64:82-91.
42. Silaghi C, Hamel D, Thiel C, Pfister K, et al. Spotted fever group rickettsiae in ticks, Germany. Emerg Infect Dis 2011; 17:890-892.
43. Strube C, Schicht S, Schnieder T. Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Rickettsia spp. infections in hard ticks (Ixodes rici-nus) in the region of Hanover (Germany). Berl Munch Tier-arztl Wochenschr 2011; 124:512-517.
44. Sytykiewicz H, Karbowiak G, Hapunik J, Szpechcinski A, et al. Molecular evidence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Ba-besia microti co-infections in Ixodes ricinus ticks in central-eastern region of Poland. Ann Agric Environ Med 2012; 19:45-49.
45. Tonnetti L, Eder AF, Dy B, Kennedy J, et al. Transfusion-transmitted Babesia microti identified through hemovigi-lance. Transfusion 2009; 49:2557-2563.