Strategic management for travel and tourism

Strategic Management for Travel and Tourism

Volumn , Issue , 2012, Pages 1-412

  Evans, Nigel ^a   Campbell, David ^a   Stonehouse, George ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84905145659     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9780080498294     Document Type: Book

References (470)

1. Argenti, J. (1997) Stakeholders: the Case Against. Long Range Planning, 30(3), 442-445.
2. Athiyaman, A. (1995) The Interface of Tourism and Strategy Research: an Analysis. Tourism Management, 16(6), 447-453.
3. Athiyaman, A. and Robertson, R.W. (1995) Strategic Planning in Large Tourism Firms: an Empirical Analysis. Tourism Management, 16(3), 199-205.
4. Baetz, M.C. and Bart, C.K. (1996) Developing Mission Statements Which Work. Long Range Planning, 29(4), 526-533.
5. Bart, C.K. (1997) Sex, Lies and Mission Statements. Business Horizons, November- December.
6. British Airways News (1987) To be the Undisputed Leader in World Travel. No. 1158, 2 May.
7. Campbell, A. (1997a) Stakeholders: The Case in Favour. Long Range Planning, 30(3), 446-449.
8. Campbell, A. (1997b) Mission Statements. Long Range Planning, 30(6), 931-932.
9. Campbell, A. and Yeung, S. (1998) Creating a Sense of Mission, in S. Segal-Horn (ed.), The Strategy Reader. Oxford: Blackwell, ch. 14, pp 284-295.
10. Chandler, A.D. (1962) Strategy and Structure. Boston, MA: MIT Press.
11. David, F.R. (1989) How Companies Define Their Mission. Long Range Planning, 22(1), 90-97.
12. Dev, C.S. (1989) Operating Environment and Strategy: The Profitable Connection. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 30(2), 9-14.
13. Donaldson, T. and Preston, L.E. (1995) The Stakeholder Theory of the Corporation: Concepts, Evidence, and Implications. Academy of Management Review, 20, 65-91.
14. Drucker, P.F. (1974) Management: Tasks, Responsibilities, Practices. New York: Harper and Row.
15. Freeman, R.E. (1984) Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach. Boston, MA: Pitman.
16. Go, F. and Pine, R. (1995) Globalization Strategy in the Hotel Industry. London: Routledge.
17. Hamel, G. and Prahalad, C.K. (1994) Competing for the Future. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
18. Hall, C.M. (2000) Tourism Planning: Policies, Processes and Relationships. Harlow: Pearson Education, pp 75-96.
19. Juach L.R. and Glueck, F. (1988) Strategic Management and Business Policy, 3rd edn. New York: McGraw-Hill.
20. Keegan, K., (1988) The Mask of Command. New York: Viking Penguin.
21. Holloway, S. (1998) Changing Planes-A Strategic Management Perspective on an Industry in Transition. Volume 1: Situation Analysis. Aldershot: Ashgate.
22. Holloway, S. (1998) Changing Planes-A Strategic Management Perspective on an Industry in Transition. Volume 2: Strategic Choice, Implementation, and Outcome. Aldershot: Ashgate.
23. McKiernan, P. (1997) Strategy Past; Strategy Futures. Long Range Planning. 30(5), 790-798.
24. Mendelow, A. (1991) Proceedings of 2nd international conference on information systems, Cambridge, MA. Described by
25. Johnson, G and Scholes, K. (1997) Exploring Corporate Strategy, Hemel Hempstead: Prentice Hall.
26. Mintzberg, H (1987) Five Ps for Strategy. California Management Review, Fall. Reprinted in Mintzberg et al. (1998), p. 13ff.
27. Mintzberg, H., Quinn, J.B. and Ghoshal, S. (1998) The Strategy Process: Revised European Edition. Hemel Hempstead: Prentice Hall.
28. Moutinho, L. (2000) Strategic Planning, in L. Moutinho (ed.), Strategic Management in Tourism. Wallingford: CABI, ch. 10, pp 259-282.
29. Olsen, M.D. (1991) Strategic Management in the Hospitality Industry: a Literature Review. Progress in Tourism, Recreation and Hospitality Management, 3, 215-231.
30. Olsen, M.D., West, J. and Tse, E.C. (1998) Strategic Management in the Hospitality Industry, 2nd edn. New York: John Wiley.
31. Phillips, P.A. (1996) Strategic Planning and Business Performance in the UK Hotel Sector; Results of an Exploratory Study. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 15(4), 347-362.
32. Phillips, P.A. and Moutinho, L. (1998) Strategic Planning Systems in Hospitality and Tourism. Wallingford: Cabi.
33. Poon, A. (1993) Tourism Technology and Competitive Strategies. Wallingford: CABI.
34. Sautter, E.T. and Leisen, B. (1999) Managing Stakeholders-a Tourism Planning Model. Annals of Tourism Research, 26(2), 312-328.
35. Schwaninger, M. (1986) Strategic Business Management in Tourism. Tourism Management, 7(2), 74-85.
36. Soteriou, E. C. and Toberts, C. (1998) The strategic planning process in national tourism organizations. Journal of Travel Research, 37 (August), 21-29.
37. Stone, R.A. (1996) Mission Statements Revisited. SAM Advanced Management Journal, Winter, 31-37.
38. Teare, R. and Boer, R. (1991) Strategic Hospitality Management. London: Cassell.
39. Tribe, J. (1997) Corporate Strategy for Tourism. London: International Thomson Business Press, ch. 2.
40. Airtours plc (2001) Annual Report and Accounts.
41. Bull, A. (1995) The Economics of Travel and Tourism, 2nd edn. Melbourne: Longman.
42. Krippendorf, J. (1987) The Holidaymakers-Understanding the Impacts of Leisure and Travel. London: Heinemann.
43. Middleton,V.T.C. and Clarke, J. (2001) Marketing in Travel and Tourism. Oxford: Butterworth- Heinneman.
44. Moutinho, L. (2000) Strategic Management in Tourism. Wallingford: CABI.
45. Poon, A. (1993) Tourism Technology and Competitive Strategies. Wallingford: CABI.
46. Scott, N., Parfitt, N. and Laws, L. (2000) Destination Management: Co-operative Marketing, a Case Study of the Port Douglas Brand, in B. Faulkner, G. Moscardo and E. Laws (eds), Tourism in the 21st Century: Lessons from Experience. London: Continuum.
47. Barney, J.B. (2002) Gaining and Sustaining Competitive Advantage, 2nd edn. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
48. Buzzell, R.D. and Gale, B.T. (1992) in J.I. Moore (ed.), Writers on Strategy and Strategic Management. London: Penguin.
49. Coyne, K.P. (1986) Sustainable Competitive Advantage-what it is, what it isn't. Business Horizons, Jan-Feb, 54-61.
50. Hall, R. (1992) The Strategic Analysis of Intangible Resources. Strategic Management Journal, 13, 135-144.
51. Hallowell, R. and Schlesinger, L.A. (2000) The Service Profit Chain, Intellectual Roots, Current Realities, and Future Prospects, in T.A. Swartz and D. Iacobucci (eds), Handbook of Services Marketing and Management. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
52. Heene, A. and Sanchez, R. (1997) Competencebased Strategic Management. London: John Wiley.
53. Heskett, J.L., Jones, T.O., Loveman, G.W., Sasser,W.E. and Schlesinger, L.A. (1994) Putting the Service Profit Chain to Work. Harvard Business Review, March-April, 164-170.
54. Heskett, J.L., Jones, T.O., Loveman, G.W. Sasser,W.E. and Schlesinger, L.A. (1994) Service Profit Chain Audit. Harvard Business Review, March-April, 170-174.
55. Heskett, J.L., Sasser,W.E. and Schlesinger, L.A. (1997) The Service Profit Chain. New York: Simon and Schuster.
56. Kandampully, J. and Duddy, R. (2001) Service System: a Strategic Approach to Gain a Competitive Advantage in the Hospitality and Tourism Industry. International Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Administration, 2(1), 27-47.
57. Kaplan, R.S. and Norton, D.P. (2001) The Strategy Focused Organization. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
58. Kay, J. (1995) Learning to Define the Core Business. Financial Times, 1 December.
59. Kay, J. (1993) Foundations of Corporate Success. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
60. Petts, N. (1997) Building Growth on Core Competences-a Practical Approach. Long Range Planning, 30(4), August, 551-561.
61. Oliva, R. (2001) The Essence of Service Lies in Focus: Mastering Management. Financial Times Supplement, January 15.
62. Porter, M.E. (1980) Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analysing Industries and Competitors. New York: Free Press.
63. Porter, M.E. (1985) Competitive Advantage. New York: Free Press.
64. Poon, A. (1993) Tourism, Technology and Competitive Strategy. Wallingford: CABI.
65. Prahalad, C.K. and Hamel, G. (1990) The Core Competence of the Organization. Harvard Business Review, 90, 79-91.
66. Reichheld, F.E. and Sasser, W.E. (1990) Zero Defections: Quality Comes to Services. Harvard Business Review, September/October, 105-111.
67. Stalk G., Evans P. and Shulmann L.E. (1992) Competing on Capabilities: the New Rules of Corporate Strategy. Harvard Business Review, March/April, 57-69.
68. The Economist (2001) Gilbert Trigano [Club Med founder] Obituary, 10 February, p. 129.
69. Zeithaml,V.A., Parrasuraman, A. and Berry, L.L. (1990) Delivering Quality Service: Balancing Customer Perceptions and Expectations. New York: The Free Press.
70. Augustyn, M. and Ho, S.K. (1998) Service Quality and Tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 37 (August), 71-75.
71. Baum, T. (1995) Managing Human Resources in the European Hospitality and Tourism Industry-a Strategic Approach. London: Chapman Hall.
72. Baum, T. (1997) Making or Breaking the Tourist Experience: the Role of Human Resource Management, in C. Ryan (ed.), The Tourist Experience-a New Introduction. London: Cassell.
73. Berry L.L. and Parasuraman, A. (1991) Marketing Services. New York: The Free Press.
74. Bruush, R. (1997) Managing Quality Organizations in the US Hospitality Sector, in Foley, M., Lennon, J. and Maxwell, G. (eds), Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Management. London: Cassell.
75. Bitner, M.J., Booms, B.H. and Mohr, L.A. (1994) Critical Service Encounters: the Employee's Viewpoint. Journal of Marketing, 58 (October) 95-106.
76. M. Gabbott and G. Hogg (eds) (1997) Contemporary Services Marketing Management-a Reader. London: The Dryden Press, pp 149-170.
77. Campbell, A. and Goold, M. (1987) Strategies and Style. London: Basil Blackwell.
78. Campbell, A., Goold, M. and Alexander, M. (1994) Corporate Level Strategy. London: Wiley.
79. Carlzon, J. (1987) Moments of Truth. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.
80. Chandler, A. (1962) Strategy and Structure. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
81. Choy, D. (1995) The Quality of Tourism Employment. Tourism Management, 16(2), 129-137.
82. Goold, M. (1996) Parenting Strategies for the Mature Business. Long Range Planning, June, p. 395.
83. Goodale, P.A. and Wood, R.C. (1997) Organizational Culture in Luxury Hotels, in M. Foley, J. Lennon and G. Maxwell (eds), Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Management. London: Cassell.
84. Handy, C.B. (1996) Understanding Organizations, 4th edn. London: Penguin.
85. Hickson, D.J. and Pugh, D.S, (1995) Management Worldwide. London: Penguin.
86. Hofstede, G. (1980) Culture and Organizations: Software of the Mind. London: McGraw- Hill.
87. Hoque, K. (1999) New Approaches to HRM in the UK Hotel industry. Human Resource Management Journal, 9(2), 64-76.
88. Johnson, G. (1992) Managing Strategic Change: Strategy, Culture and Action. Long Range Planning, 25(1), 28-36.
89. Jones, P. and Davies, A. (1991) Empowerment: A Study of General Managers at Four Star Hotel Properties in the UK. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 10(3), 211-217.
90. Kandampully, J. (1997) Quality Service in Tourism, in M. Foley, J. Lennon and G. Maxwell (eds), Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Management. London: Cassell.
91. Kay, J. (1993) Foundations of Corporate Success. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
92. Kelliher, C. and Johnson, K. (1997) Personnel Management in Hotels-an Update: a Move to Human Resource Management? Progress in Tourism and Hospitality Research, 3(4), 321-331.
93. Lashley, C. (1995) Towards an Understanding of Employee Empowerment in Hospitality Service. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 7(1), 27-32.
94. Leiper, N. (1990) The Tourism System. Auckland: Massey University Press.
95. Lucas, R. (1997) Maximising Labour Flexibility, in M. Foley, J. Lennon, and G. Maxwell (eds), Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Management. London: Cassell.
96. Lucas, R. (1995) Managing Employee Relations in the Hotel and Catering Industry. London: Cassell.
97. Lynch, R. (2000) Corporate Strategy, 2nd edn. London: Pitman.
98. Maxwell, G.A. (1997) Empowerment in the UK Hospitality Industry, in M. Foley, J. Lennon, and G. Maxwell (eds), Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Management. London: Cassell, pp 53-68.
99. Miles, R.E. and Snow, C.C. (1978) Organizational Strategy, Structure and Process. New York: McGraw-Hill.
100. Mullins, L.J. (1995) Hospitality Management: a Human Resources Approach. London: Pitman.
101. Nickson, D. (2000) Human Resource Issues in Travel and Tourism, in L. Moutinho (ed.), Strategic Management in Tourism. Wallingford: CABI, pp 169-185.
102. Pettigrew, A. and Whipp, R. (1991) Managing Change for Competitive Success. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
103. Riley, M. (1996) Human Resource Management in the Hospitality and Tourism Industry. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
104. Ryan, C. (1996) Market Research in Tourism: Shifting Paradigms for New Concerns, in L. Moutinho (ed.), Marketing Research in Tourism. London: Prentice Hall.
105. Schein, E. H. (1992) Organizational Culture and Leadership, 2nd edn. San Francisco: Jossey- Bass.
106. Stacey, R. (1996) Strategic Management and Organizational Dynamics, 2nd edn. London: Pitman.
107. Watson, S. (1997) Management Development in the UK Hospitality Industry, in M. Foley, J. Lennon and G. Maxwell (eds), Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Management. London: Cassell, pp 69-98.
108. Woods, R.H., Heck,W. and Sciarini, M. (1998) Turnover and Diversity in the Lodging Industry. American Hotel Foundation.
109. Worsfold, P. and Jameson, S. (1991) Human Resource Management: a Response to Change in the 1990s, in R. Teare and A. Boer (eds), Strategic Hospitality Management-Theory and Practice for the 1990s. London: Cassell, pp 99-121.
110. WTTC (2000) Tourism Satellite Accounting Research, Estimates and Forecasts for Governments and Industry. London: World Travel and Tourism Council.
111. Allen, D. (1997) An Introduction to Strategic Financial Management. London: CIMA/ Kogan Page.
112. Atkinson, H., Berry, A. and Jarvis, R. (1995) Business Accounting for Hospitality and Tourism. London: Thomson International Business Press.
113. Air New Zealand (2000) Air New Zealand Data Handbook (September).
114. British Airways (1999) British Airways Annual Report and Accounts, 1998-99.
115. Buckley, A. (2000) Multinational Finance, 4th edn. Harlow: Financial Times/Prentice Hall.
116. Bridge, J. and Moutinho, L. (2000) Financial Management in Tourism, in L. Moutinho (ed.), Strategic Management in Tourism.Wallingford: CABI.
117. Bull, A. (1995) The Economics of Travel and Tourism. Melbourne: Longman Australia.
118. Burgess, C. (2000) Financial Structures and Practices, in B. Brotherton (ed.), An Introduction to the UK Hospitality Industry. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
119. Camp, R.C. (1994) Business Process Benchmarking. ASQC Quality Press.
120. Department of Trade and Industry (1992) Best Practice Benchmarking. London: HMSO for DTI.
121. Ellis, J. and Williams, D. (1993) Corporate Strategy and Financial Analysis. London: Pitman.
122. Evans, N. (2002) Financial Management in Travel and Tourism, in Sharpley, R. (ed.) The Tourism Business, 2nd edn. Sunderland: Business Education Publishers.
123. Franks, J.R. and Broyles, J.E. (1979) Modern Managerial Finance. London: John Wiley.
124. Harris, P.J. and Brown, J.B. (1998) Research and Development in Hospitality Accounting and Financial Management. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 1(2): 161-181.
125. Higson, C. (1995) Business Finance. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
126. Lockwood R.D. (1989) Foreign Exchange Management, in S.F. Witt and L. Moutinho (eds), Tourism Marketing and Management Handbook. London: Prentice Hall.
127. Mott, G. (1991) Management Accounting for Decision Makers. London: Pitman Publishing.
128. Owen, G. (1998) Accounting for Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 2nd edn. Harlow: Longman.
129. Ross, D.A. (1996) International Treasury Management, 3rd edn. London: Euromoney Publications.
130. Samuels, J.M., Wilkes F.M. and Brayshaw, E. (1995) Management of Company Finance, 5th edn. London: Chapman and Hall.
131. Aaker, D.A. (1995) Strategic Market Management, 4th edn. New York: John Wiley and Sons Inc.
132. Agarwal, S. (1994) The Resort Cycle Revisited: Implications for Resorts, in C.P. Cooper and A. Lockwood (eds), Progress in Tourism, Recreation and Hospitality Management, Vol. 5. Chichester: John Wiley.
133. Ahmed, I.S.Z. (1994) Determinants of the Components of a State's Tourist Image and Their Marketing Implications. Journal of Leisure and Hospitality Marketing, 2(1), 55-69.
134. Alford, P. (1998) Positioning the Destination Product-Can Regional Tourist Boards Learn from Private Sector Practice Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 7(2), 53-68.
135. Aswood, G. and Voogd, H. (1994) Marketing of Tourism Places: What Are We Doing?. in M. Uysal (ed.), Global Tourist Behaviour. New York: Haworth Press.
136. Bramwell, B. and Rawding, L. (1996) Tourism Marketing Images of Industrial Cities. Annals of Tourism Research, 23(1), 201-221.
137. Brown, R. (1991) The S-curves of Innovation. Journal of Marketing Management, 7(2), pp 189-202.
138. Brownlie, D. (1985) Strategic Marketing Concepts and Models. Journal of Marketing Management, 1, 157-194.
139. Buzzell, R.D. and Gale, B.T. (1987) The PIMS Principles. New York: The Free Press.
140. Butler R.W. (1980) The Concept of the Tourist Area Life Cycle of Evolution and Implications for Management. The Canadian Geographer, 24, 5-12.
141. Butler, R.W. (2000) The Resort Cycle Two Decades On, in B. Faulkner, G. Moscardo and E. Laws (eds), Tourism in the 21st Century: Lessons from Experience. London: Continuum.
142. Civil Aviation Authority (2000) ATOL Business. London: CAA.
143. Coates, N. and Robinson, H. (1995) Making Industrial New Product Development Market Led. Marketing Intelligence and Planning, 13(6), 12-15.
144. Connell, J. (1994) Repositioning Forte Hotels Portfolio. English Tourist Board Insights, March, London: English Tourist Board, C43-51.
145. Cooper, C., Fletcher, J., Gilbert, D., Shepherd, R. and Wanhill, S. (1998) Tourism Principles and Practice., 2nd edn. Harlow: Longman.
146. Copeland, M.T. (1923) Relation of Consumers' Buying Habits to Marketing Methods. Harvard Business Review, 1 (April), 282-289.
147. Crawford-Welch, S. (1994) The Development of Courtyard by Marriott, in R. Teare, J.A. Mazanec, S. Crawford-Welch and S. Calver (1995), Marketing in Hospitality and Tourism: A Consumer Focus. London: Cassell.
148. Dev, C.S., Morgan, M.S. and Shoemaker, S. (1999) A Positioning Analysis of Hotel Brands, in T. Baum and R. Mudambi (eds), Economic and Management Methods for Tourism and Hospitality Research, Chichester: John Wiley.
149. Dickman, S. (1999) Tourism and Hospitality Marketing. Melbourne: Oxford University Press.
150. Doyle, P. (1994) Marketing Management and Strategy. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
151. Greenley, G.E. and Bayus, B.L. (1993) Marketing Planning Decision Making in UK and US Companies: an Empirical Comparative Study. Journal of Marketing Management, 9, 155-172.
152. Harris, M. (1988) Economical Positioning. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 31(2), August, 97-115.
153. Haywood, K.M. (1986) Can the Tourist Area Life Cycle be Made Operational? Tourism Management, 7, 154-167.
154. Hind, D. (1994) Tourism Marketing, in P. Callaghan, P. Long and M. Robinson (eds), Travel and Tourism, 2nd edn. Sunderland: Business Education Publishers.
155. Hooley, G.J. and Saunders, J. (1993) Competitive Positioning: The Key to Marketing Strategy. London: Prentice Hall.
156. Horner, S. and Swarbrooke, J. (1996) Marketing Tourism, Hospitality and Leisure in Europe. London: International Thomson Business Press.
157. Jobber, D. (1995) Principles and Practice of Marketing. New York: McGraw-Hill.
158. Kay, J. (1995) Foundations of Corporate Success. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
159. Kotler, P. (1997). Marketing Management Analysis, Planning, Implementation, and Control, 9th edn. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
160. Kotler, P., Bowen, J. and Makens, J. (1996) Marketing for Hospitality and Tourism, 2nd edn. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
161. Kotler, P., Haider, D.H. and Rein, I. (1993) Marketing Places. New York: Free Press.
162. Lancaster, G. and Massingham, L.(1993) Marketing Management. London: McGraw-Hill.
163. Lovelock, C., Vandermerwe, S. and Lewis, B. (1999) Services Marketing: A European Perspective. London: Prentice Hall Europe.
164. Lumsden, L. (1997) Tourism Marketing. London: International Thomson Business Press.
165. McKercher, B. (1995) The Destination-Market Mix: a Tourism Market Portfolio Analysis Model. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 4(2), 23-40.
166. Mercer, D. (1993) Death of the Product Life Cycle, Admap, (September), pp. 15-19.
167. Middleton, V.T.C. and Clarke, J. (2001) Marketing in Travel and Tourism, 3rd edn. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
168. Morgan, N. and Pritchard, A. (1998) Tourism Promotion and Power: Creating Images, Creating Identities. Chichester: John Wiley.
169. Morrison, A. and Wensley, R. (1991) Boxing Up or Boxed In?: A Short History of the Boston Consultancy Group Share/Growth Matrix. Journal of Marketing Management, 7: 105-129.
170. Moutinho, L. (2000) Strategic Management in Tourism. Wallingford: CABI.
171. Pender, L. (1999) Marketing Management for Travel and Tourism. London: Stanley Thornes.
172. Plog, S. (1977) Why Destination Areas Rise and Fall in Popularity, in Kelly, E. (ed.), Domestic and International Tourism. Wellesley, MA: Institute of Certified Travel Agents.
173. Scott, N., Parfitt, N. and Laws, L. (2000) Destination Management: Co-operative Marketing, a Case Study of the Port Douglas Brand, in B. Faulkner, G. Moscardo and E. Laws (eds), Tourism in the 21st Century: Lessons from Experience. London: Continuum.
174. Seaton, A.V. and Bennett, M.M. (1996) Marketing Tourism Products: Concepts, Issues and Cases. London: International Thomson Business Press.
175. Sowrey, T. (1990) Idea Generation: Identifying the Most Useful Techniques. European Journal of Marketing, 42(5), pp 20-29.
176. Swarbrooke, J. (1995) The Development and Management of Visitor Attractions. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
177. Teare, R., Mazanec, J.A., Crawford-Welch, S. and Calver, S. (1995) Marketing in Hospitality and Tourism: a Consumer Focus. London: Cassell.
178. von Hippel, E. (1978) Successful Industrial Products from Customer Ideas. Journal of Marketing, 42(1), 39-49.
179. Walmesley, D. and Young, M. (1998) Evaluative Images and Tourism: The Use of Personal Constructs to Describe the Structure of Destination Images. Journal of Travel Research, 36 (Winter), 65-69.
180. Wearne, N. and Morrison, A. (1996) Hospitality Marketing. Oxford: Butterworth- Heinemann.
181. Berry, S. and Ladkin, A. (1997) Sustainable Tourism: a Regional Perspective. Tourism Management, 18(7), 433-40.
182. Buhalis, D. (2001) The Tourist Phenomenon: The New Tourist and Consumer, in S. Wahab and C. Cooper (eds), Tourism in the Age of Globalisation. London: Routledge.
183. Brown, S.F. (2001) How to Build a Really Big Plane. Fortune, No. 5, pp. 76-82.
184. Cartwright, R. and Baird, C. (1999) The Development and Growth of the Cruise Industry. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
185. Chakravarthy, B. (1997) A New Strategy Framework for Coping with Turbulence. Sloan Management Review, Winter, pp. 69-82
186. Clarke, J. (1997) A Framework of Approaches to Sustainable Tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 5(3), 224-233.
187. Cooper, C. and Gilbert, D. (1998) Models and Patterns of Tourism Demand, in C. Cooper, J. Fletcher, D. Gilbert, R. Shepherd and S. Wanhill, Tourism Principles and Practice. Harlow: Longman.
188. Doganis, R. (2001) The Airline Business in the 21st Century. London: Routledge.
189. Elenkov, D.E. (1997) Strategic Uncertainty and Environmental Scanning: the Case for Institutional Influences on Scanning Behaviour. Strategic Management Journal, 18(4), 287-302.
190. Fahey, L. and Narayanan,V.K. (1986) Macroenvironmental Analysis for Strategic Management. St Paul, MN: West Publishing.
191. Ginter, P. and Duncan, J. (1990) Macroenvironmental Analysis. Long Range Planning, December.
192. Graham, A. (2001) Managing Airports: an International Perspective. Oxford: Butterworth- Heinemann.
193. Hanlon, P. (1999) Global Airlines, 2nd edn. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
194. Hawkins, D.E. and Holtz, C. (2001) Environmental Policies and Management Systems Related to the Global Tourism Industry, in S. Wahab and C. Cooper (eds), Tourism in the Age of Globalization. London: Routledge.
195. Helms, M.M. and Wright, P. (1992) External Considerations: Their Influence on Future Strategic Planning. Management Decision, 30(8), 4-11.
196. Holloway, S. (1998) Changing Planes: A Strategic Management Perspective on an Industry in Transition. Aldershot: Ashgate.
197. Johnson, G. and Scholes, K. (2002) Exploring Corporate Strategy. Harlow: Pearson Education.
198. Levitt, T. (1983) The Globalisation of Markets. Harvard Business Review, May/June.
199. Lockwood, A. and Medlik, S. (2001) Tourism and Hospitality in the 21st Century. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
200. Lynch, R. (2000) Corporate Strategy, 2nd edn. Harlow: Pearson Education.
201. Makridakis, S. (1990) Forecasting, Planning, and Strategy for the 21st Century. New York: Free Press.
202. Mintzberg, H. (1991) The Strategy Process-Concepts, Contexts, Cases. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
203. Moutinho, L. (ed.) (2000) Strategic Management in Tourism. Wallingford: CABI.
204. Mowforth, M. and Munt, I. (1998) Tourism and Sustainability: New Tourism in the Third World. London: Routledge.
205. Peattie, K. and Moutinho, L. (2000) The marketing environment for travel and tourism, in L. Moutinho (ed.), Strategic Management in Tourism. Wallingford: CABI.
206. Poon, A. (1993) Tourism Technology and Competitive Strategies. Wallingford: CABI.
207. Sampson, A. (1984) Empires of the Sky: The Politics, Contests and Cartels of World Airlines. London: Hodder and Stoughton.
208. Sanchez, R. (1995) Strategic Flexibility, Firm Organization, and Managerial Work in Dynamic Markets: A Strategic Options Perspective. Advances in Strategic Management, 9, 251-91.
209. Sanchez, R. (1995) Strategic Flexibility in Product Competition. Strategic Management Journal, 16 (Summer), 135-159
210. Stonehouse, GH., Hamill, J. and Purdie, A. (1999) Global and Transnational Business-Strategy and Management. London: John Wiley.
211. Strebel, P. (1992) Breakpoints. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
212. Turner, I. (1996) Working with Chaos. Financial Times, 4 October.
213. Vanhove, N. (2001) Globalisation of Tourism Demand, Global Distribution Systems and Marketing, in S. Wahab and C. Cooper (eds), Tourism in the Age of Globalisation. London: Routledge.
214. Vogel, H.L. (2001) Travel Industry Economics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. WCED (World Commission on Environment and Development) (1987) Our Common Future. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
215. Weaver, D. (2000) Sustainable Tourism: Is it Sustainable?., in B. Faulkner, G. Moscardo and E. Laws (eds), Tourism in the 21st Century: Lessons from Experience. London: Continuum.
216. Arthur,W.B. (1996) Increasing Returns and the New World of Business. Harvard Business Review, 74, July/August, 100-111.
217. Aaker, D.A. (1992) Strategic Market Management. New York: John Wiley.
218. Abell, D.F. (1980) Defining the Business: The Starting Point of Strategic Planning. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
219. Baden-Fuller, C. and Stopford, J. (1992) Rejuvenating the Mature Business. Oxford: Routledge.
220. Bennett, M.M. (1997) Strategic Alliances in the World Airline Industry. Progress in Tourism and Hospitality Research, 3, 212-223.
221. Buhalis, D. and Cooper, C. (1998) Competition or Co-operation Small and Medium Sized Tourism Enterprises at the Destination, in E. Laws, B. Faulkner and G. Moscardo (eds), Embracing and Managing Change in Tourism-International Case Studies. London: Routledge.
222. Campbell, D., Stonehouse, G. and Houston, B. (1999) Business Strategy: An Introduction. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
223. Chakravarthy, B. (1997) A New Strategy Framework for Coping with Turbulence. Sloan Management Review, Winter, pp 69-82.
224. D'Aveni, R.A. (1994) Hypercompetition: Managing the Dynamics of Strategic Manoeuvring. New York: Free Press.
225. Dev, C.S. and Klein, S. (1993) Strategic Alliances in the Hotel Industry. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, February, pp 43-45.
226. Donne, M. (2000) The Future of International Airline Alliances. Travel and Tourism Analyst, 6, 3-21.
227. ECES, Egyptian Center for Economic Studies (1998) Egypt: The Tourism Cluster, Final Report, Phase 1.
228. Evans, N (2001a) Collaborative Strategy: an Analysis of the Changing World of International Airline Alliances. Tourism Management, 22, 229-243.
229. Evans, N. (2001b) Alliances in the International Travel Industry: Sustainable Strategic Options. International Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Administration, 2(1), 1-26.
230. Ginter, P. and Duncan, J. (1990) Macroenvironmental analysis. Long Range Planning, December, 91-100.
231. Go, F M. and Pine, R. (1995) Globalisation Strategy in the Hotel Industry. London: International Thomson Business Press.
232. Go, F.M. and Appelman, J. (2001) Achieving Global Competitiveness in SMEs by Building Trust in Interfirm Alliances, in S. Wahab and C. Cooper (eds), Tourism in the Age of Globalisation. London: Routledge.
233. Hamel, G. and Prahalad, C.K. (1989) Strategic intent. Harvard Business Review, 67(3), 63-76.
234. Hamel, G. and Prahalad, C.K. (1994) Competing for the Future. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
235. Heene, A. and Sanchez, R. (1997) Competencebased Strategic Management. New York: John Wiley.
236. Helms, M.M. and Wright, P. (1992) External Considerations: Their Influence on Future Strategic Planning. Management Decision, 30(8), 4-16.
237. Holloway, S. (1998) Changing Planes: A Strategic Management Perspective on an Industry in Transition. Aldershot: Ashgate.
238. Johnson, G. and Scholes, K. (2002) Exploring Corporate Strategy, 6th edn. Harlow: Pearson Education.
239. Kay, J. (1993) Foundations of Corporate Success. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
240. Lynch, R. (2000) Corporate Strategy, 2nd edn. Harlow: Pearson Education.
241. McGahan, A.M. and Porter, M.E. (1997) How Much Does Industry Matter, Really. Strategic Management Journal, 18 (Summer special issue), 15-30.
242. Olsen, M.D. (1993) International Growth Strategies of Major US Hotel Companies. Travel and Tourism Analyst, 3, 51-64.
243. Oum, T.H. and Park J.H. (1997) Airline Alliances: Current Status, Policy Issues, and Future Directions. Journal of Air Transport Management, 3(3), 133-144.
244. Porter, M.E. (1979) How Competitive Forces Shape Strategy. Harvard Business Review, March/April.
245. Porter, M.E. (1980) Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analysing Industries and Competitors. New York: Free Press.
246. Porter, M.E. (1985) Competitive Advantage. New York: Free Press.
247. Porter, M.E. (1990) The Competitive Advantage of Nations. London: Macmillan.
248. Prahalad, C.K. and Hamel, G. (1990) The Core Competence of the Organization. Harvard Business Review, 68(3), 79-93.
249. Rhoades, D.L. and Lush, H. (1997) A Typology of Strategic Alliances in the Airline Industry: Propositions for Stability and Duration. Journal of Air Transport Management, 3(3), 109-114.
250. Rumelt, R.P. (1991) How Much Does Industry Matter? Strategic Management Journal, 12(3), 167-186.
251. Simonian, H. (1996) Star Parts for Bit Players. Financial Times, 28 October.
252. Smeral, E. (1996) Globalisation and Changes in the Competitiveness of Tourism Destinations, in Globalisation and Tourism, Editions AIEST, St Gallen, Switzerland: Editions AIEST.
253. Stonehouse, G., Hamill, J., Campbell, D.J. and Purdie, A. (2000) Global and Transnational Business-Management and Strategy. Chichester: John Wiley.
254. Strebel, P. (1992) Breakpoints. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
255. Turner, I. (1996) Working with Chaos. Financial Times, 4 October.
256. Wahab, S. and Cooper, C. (2001) Tourism, Globalisation and the Competitive Advantage of Nations, in S. Wahab and C. Cooper (eds), Tourism in the Age of Globalisation. London: Routledge.
257. Coulter, M. (2002) Strategic Management in Action, 2nd edn. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
258. Finlay, P. (2000) Strategic Management: An Introduction to Business and Corporate Strategy. Harlow: Pearson Education.
259. Haberberg, A. and Rieple, A. (2001) The Strategic Management of Organizations. Harlow: Pearson Education.
260. Knowles, T. (1996) Corporate Strategy for Hospitality. Harlow: Longman.
261. Lynch, R. (2000) Corporate Strategy. Harlow: Pearson Education.
262. Middleton,V.T.C. and Clarke, J. (2001) Marketing in Travel and Tourism, 3rd edn. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
263. Stevenson, H.H. (1989) Defining Corporate Strengths and Weaknesses, in D. Asch and C. Bowman (eds), Readings in Strategic Management. Basingstoke: Macmillan in association with The Open University.
264. Wickham, P.A. (2000) Financial Times Corporate Strategy Casebook. Harlow: Pearson Education.
265. Bennett, R. (1996) Corporate Strategy and Business Planning. London: Pitman.
266. Finlay, P. (2000) Strategic Management: an Introduction to Business and Corporate Strategy. Harlow: Pearson Education.
267. Haberberg, A. and Rieple, A. (2001) The Strategic Management of Organizations. Harlow: Pearson Education.
268. Johnson, G. and Scholes, K. (2002) Exploring Corporate Strategy, 6th edn. Harlow: Pearson Education.
269. Moutinho, L. (2000) Strategic Management in Tourism. Wallingford: CABI.
270. Phillips, P.A. and Moutinho, L. (2000) Strategic Planning Systems in Hospitality and Tourism. Wallingford: CABI.
271. Ansoff, I. (1987) Corporate Strategy. London: Penguin.
272. Baden-Fuller, C. and Stopford, J. (1992) Rejuvenating the Mature Business. Oxford: Routledge.
273. Barney, J.B. (2002) Gaining and Sustaining Competitive Advantage. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
274. Bywater, M. (2001) Who Owns Whom in the European Travel Distribution Industry, in D. Buhalis and E. Laws (eds), Tourism Distribution Channels: Practices, Issues and Transformations. London: Continuum.
275. Cravens, D.W., Greenley, G., Piercy, N.F. and Slater S. (1997) Integrating Contemporary Strategic Management Perspectives. Long Range Planning, 30 (4), August, 493-506.
276. Cronshaw, M., Davis, E. and Kay, J. (1990) On Being Stuck in the Middle or 'Good Food Costs Less at Sainsburys'. Working paper, Centre for Business Strategy, London School of Business.
277. Doganis, R. (2001) The Airline Business in the 21st Century. London: Routledge.
278. Doran, R. (2000) EasyJet Plans Price War. The Times, London, p. 29.
279. Finlay, P. (2000) Strategic Management: An Introduction to Business and Corporate Strategy. Harlow: Pearson Education.
280. Grant, R.M. (1991) The Resource Based Theory of Competitive Advantage: Implications for Strategy Formulation. California Management Review, 33 (Spring), 114-35.
281. Haberberg, A. and Rieple, A. (2001) The Strategic Management of Organizations. Harlow: Pearson Education.
282. Hall, R. (1992) The Strategic Analysis of Intangible Resources. Strategic Management Journal, 13, 135-44.
283. Hamel, G. and Prahalad, C.K. (1989) Strategic Intent. Harvard Business Review, 67 (3), 63-76.
284. Hamel, G. and Prahalad, C.K. (1994) Competing for the Future. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
285. Heene, A. and Sanchez, R. (eds) (1997) Competence- Based Strategic Management. New York: John Wiley.
286. Johnson, G. and Scholes, K. (2002) Exploring Corporate Strategy, 6th edn. Hemel Hempstead: Prentice Hall.
287. Kay, J. (1993) Foundations of Corporate Success. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
288. Kay, J. (1995) Learning to Define the Core Business. Financial Times, 1 December.
289. Miller, D. (1992) The Generic Strategy Trap. Journal of Business Strategy, 13(1), 37-42.
290. Mintzberg H. (1991) The Strategy Process-Concepts, Contexts, Cases. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
291. Mintzberg, H., Quinn, J.B. and Ghoshal, S. (1995) The Strategy Process: Concepts, Contexts and Cases, European Edition. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
292. Pearce II, J.A. and Robbins, D.K. (1994) Retrenchment Remains the Foundation of Business Turnaround. Strategic Management Journal, June, 313-323.
293. Poon, A. (1993) Tourism, Technology and Competitive Strategies. Wallingford: Cabi.
294. Porter, M.E. (1980) Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analysing Industries and Competitors. New York: Free Press.
295. Porter, M.E. (1985) Competitive Advantage. New York: Free Press.
296. Prahalad, C.K. and Hamel, G. (1990) The Core Competence of the Corporation, in Harvard Business Review, reprinted in Segal
297. Horn, S. (1998) The Strategy Reader. Oxford: Blackwell in association with The Open University.
298. Stalk, G., Evans, P. and Shulmann, L.E. (1992) Competing on Capabilities: The New Rules of Corporate Strategy. Harvard Business Review, March/April, 57-69.
299. Wheelen, T.S. and Hunger, J.D. (2002) Strategic Management and Business Policy, 8th edn. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
300. Airline Business (1999) Annual Alliances Survey. Airline Business, July, 33-65.
301. Alamadari, F. and Morell, P. (1997) Airline Alliances: a Catalyst for Regulatory Change in Key Markets. Journal of Air Transport Management, 3(1), 1-2.
302. Ansoff, H. (1987) Corporate Strategy. London: Penguin.
303. Baumol,W.J. (1982) Contestable Markets: an Uprising in the Theory of Industry Structure. American Economic Review, 72(1), 1-15.
304. Beamish, P.W. and Inkpen, A.C. (1995) Keeping International Joint Ventures Stable and Profitable. Long Range Planning, 28(3), 26-36.
305. Bennett, M.M. (1997) Strategic Alliances in the World Airline Industry. Progress in Tourism and Hospitality Research 3, 213-223.
306. Bleeke, J. and Ernst, D. (1991) The Way to Win in Cross-border Alliances. Harvard Business Review, Nov/Dec, 127-135. British Airways (1999) www.//britishairways.com
307. Brouthers, K.D., Brouthers, L.E. and Wilkinson, T.J. (1993) Strategic Alliances: Choose Your Partners. Long Range Planning, 28(3), 18-25.
308. Campbell, A. and Luchs, K.S. (1992) Strategic Synergy. London: Butterworth- Heinemann.
309. Child, J. and Faulkner, D. (1998) Strategies of Cooperation: Managing Alliances, Networks and Joint Ventures. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
310. Contractor, F. and Lorange, P. (1988) Why Should Firms Cooperate? The Strategy and Economic Basis for Cooperative Ventures. In F. Contractor and P. Lorange (eds), Cooperative Strategies in International Business, Lexington, MA: Lexington Books, 3-30.
311. Crawford-Welch (1994), The Development of Courtyard by Marriott, in R. Teare, J.A. Mazanec, S. Crawford-Welch and S. Calver (eds), Marketing in Hospitality and Tourism: a Consumer Focus. London: Cassell.
312. Dev, C.S. and Klein, S. (1993) Strategic Alliances in the Hotel Industry. The Cornell H.R.A. Quarterly, February, 43-45.
313. Dev, C.S. Klein, S. and Fisher, R.A. (1996) A Market-based Approach for Partner Selection in Marketing Alliances. Journal of Travel Research, Summer, 11-17.
314. Doz, Y. and Hamel G. (1998) Alliance Advantage. Cambridge MA: Harvard Business School Press.
315. Evans, N. (2001a) Collaborative Strategy: an Analysis of the Changing World of International Airline Alliances. Tourism Management, 22, 229-243.
316. Evans, N. (2001b) Alliances in the International Travel Industry: Sustainable Strategic Options. International Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Administration, 2(1), 1-26.
317. Faulkner, D. (1995) Strategic Alliances: Cooperating to Compete. New York: McGraw-Hill.
318. Faulkner, D. and Bowman C. (1995) The Essence of Competitive Strategy. London: Prentice Hall.
319. French, T. (1997) Global Trends in Airline Alliances. Tourism Analyst, 4, 81-101.
320. Garnham, B. (1996) Alliances and Liaisons in Tourism: Concepts and Implications. Tourism Economics, 2(1), 61-77.
321. Gialloreto, L. (1989) Strategic Airline Management: 'The Global War Begins. London: Pitman.
322. Glaister, K.W. and Buckley, P.J. (1996) Strategic Motives for International Alliance Formation. Journal of Management Studies, 33(3), 301-32.
323. Go, F. and Pine, R. (1995) Globalization Strategy in the Hotel Industry. London: Routledge.
324. Haspeslagh, P., Jemison, D. (1991) Managing Acquisitions: Creating Value through Corporate Renewal. New York: Free Press.
325. Heeley, J. (2001) Public-Private Sector Partnerships in Tourism, in A. Lockwood and S. Medlik (eds), Tourism and Hospitality in the 21st Century. Oxford: Butterworth- Heinemann.
326. Johnson, G. and Scholes, K. (2002) Exploring Corporate Strategy, 6th edn. Harlow: Pearson Education.
327. Kanter, R.M. (1994) Collaborative Advantage: The Art of Alliances. Harvard Business Review, July/August, 96-108.
328. Kay, J. (1993) Foundations of Corporate Success: How Business Strategies Add Value. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
329. Knowles, T. (1996) Corporate Strategy for Hospitality. London: Longman.
330. Long P.E. (1997) Researching Tourism Partnership Organizations: From Practice to Theory to Methodology, in P.E. Murphy (ed.), Quality Management in Urban Tourism. London: John Wiley, pp. 235-252.
331. Lundberg, D.E. (1969) The Tourism Industry. Van Nostrand Reinhold.
332. Mason, J.C (1993) Strategic Alliances: Partnering for Success. Management Review, May, 10-15.
333. Medcof, J.W. (1997) Why too Many Alliances End in Divorce. Long Range Planning, 30(5), 718-732.
334. Nissé, J. (1998) Happening Hilton Rewrites the Hotel Advertising Book. The Times, 29 September, p. 33.
335. Ohmae, K. (1989) The Global Logic of Strategic Alliances. Harvard Business Review, March/April, 143-154.
336. Olsen, M.D., Crawford-Welch, S. and Tse, E. (1991) The Global Hospitality Industry of the 1990s., in R. Teare and A. Boer (eds), Strategic Hospitality Management. London: Cassell.
337. Olsen, M.D. (1993) International Growth Strategies of Major US Hotel Companies. Travel and Tourism Analyst, 3, 51-64.
338. Oum, T.H. and Park, J.H. (1997) Airline Alliances: Current Status, Policy Issues, and Future Directions. Journal of Air Transport Management, 3(3), 133-144.
339. Porter, M.E. (1985) Competitive Advantage. New York: Free Press.
340. Porter, M.E. and Fuller, M.B. (1986) Coalitions and Global Strategy. In Porter M.E. (ed.), Competition in Global Industries. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
341. Ravenscraft, D.J. and Scherer, F.M. (1987) Mergers, Sell-offs and Economic Efficiency. Washington, DC: Brooking Institution.
342. Shaughnessy, H. (1995) International Joint Ventures: Managing Successful Collaborations. Long Range Planning, 28(3), 10-17.
343. Shleifer, A. and Vishny, R. (1986) Large Shareholders and Corporate Control. Journal of Political Economy, 94, 461-488.
344. Stafford, E.R. (1994) Using Co-operative Strategies to Make Alliances Work. Long Range Planning, 27(3), 64-74.
345. Stiles, J. (1994) Strategic Alliances: Making Them Work. Long Range Planning, 27(3), 133-137.
346. Sudarsanam, P.S. (1995) The Essence of Mergers and Acquisitions. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
347. The Economist (1998) Airline Alliances: Mergers in Mind. The Economist, 26 September, p. 96.
348. Zajac, E.J. (1998) Commentary on 'Alliances and Networks' by R. Gulati. Strategic Management Journal, 19, 319-321.
349. Ambrosini,V., Johnson, G. and Scholes, K. (1998) Exploring Techniques of Analysis and Evaluation in Strategic Management. Harlow: Prentice Hall.
350. Ansoff, I. (1987) Corporate Strategy. London: Penguin.
351. Archer, B.H. (1996) Economic Impact Analysis. Annals of Tourism Research, 23(3), 704-7.
352. Atkinson, H., Berry, A. and Jarvis, R. (1995) Business Accounting for Hospitality and Tourism. London: International Thomson Business Press.
353. Brown, D.O. and Kwansol, F.A. (1999) Using IRR and NPV Models to Evaluate Societal Costs of Tourism Projects in Developing Countries. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 18(1), 31-43.
354. Bull, A. (1995) The Economics of Travel and Tourism, 2nd edn. Melbourne: Longman.
355. Dyson, J.R. (2001) Accounting for Non- Accounting Students, 5th edn. Harlow: Pearson Education.
356. Ellis, J. and Williams, D. (1993) Corporate Strategy and Financial Analysis. London: Pitman.
357. Haberberg, A. and Rieple, A. (2001) The Strategic Management of Organizations. Harlow: Pearson Education.
358. Holloway, S. (1998) Changing Planes: A Strategic Management Perspective on an Industry in Transition. Aldershot: Ashgate.
359. Johnson, G and Scholes, K. (2002) Exploring Corporate Strategy. Harlow: Pearson Education.
360. Kotler, P. (1997) Marketing Management Analysis, Planning, Implementation, and Control, 9th edn. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall International.
361. Lynch, R. (2000) Corporate Strategy, 2nd edn. Harlow: Pearson Education.
362. Mathieson, A. and Wall, G. (1982) Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts. London and New York: Longman.
363. Mules, T. (2000) Globalisation and the Economic Impacts of Tourism., in B. Faulkner, G. Moscardo and E. Laws (eds), Tourism in the 21st Century: Lessons from Experience. London: Continuum.
364. Owen, G. (1998) Accounting for Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 2nd edn. Harlow: Longman.
365. Porter, M.E. (1985) Competitive Advantage. New York: Free Press.
366. Rumelt, R. (1980) The Evaluation of Business Strategy, inW.F. Glueck, Business Policy and Strategic Management. New York: McGraw- Hill.
367. Vogel, H.L. (2001) Travel Industry Economics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
368. Wager, J.E. (1997) Estimating the Economic Impacts of Tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 24(3), 592-608.
369. Williams, A. and Giardina, E. (1993) Efficiency in the Public Sector: The Theory and Practice of Cost-Benefit Analysis. London: Edward Elgar.
370. World Tourism Organization (1994) Aviation and Tourism Policies: Balancing the Benefits. London: Routledge.
371. Hall, R. (1992) The Strategic Analysis of Intangible Resources. Strategic Management Journal, 13, 135-144.
372. Handy, C.B. (1993) Understanding Organizations, 4th edn. London: Penguin.
373. Heskett, J.L., Sasser, W.E. and Schlesinger, L.A. (1997) The Service Profit Chain. New York: Simon and Schuster.
374. Johnson, G. (1987) Strategic Change and the Management Process. Oxford: Blackwell.
375. Johnson, G. and Scholes, K. (1998) Exploring Corporate Strategy, 5th edn. Hemel Hempstead: Prentice Hall.
376. Lewin, K. (1947) Feedback Problems of Social Diagnosis and Action: Part II-B of Frontiers in Group Dynamics. Human Relations, 1, 147-153.
377. Lewin, K. (1951) Field Theory in Social Science. New York: Harper & Brothers.
378. Miles, R.E. and Snow, C.C. (1978) Organizational Strategy, Structure and Process. New York: McGraw-Hill.
379. Moss Kanter, R. (1989) The Change Masters: Innovation and Entrepreneurship in the American Corporation. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Simon & Schuster.
380. Pettigrew, A.M. (1988) The Management of Strategic Change. Oxford: Blackwell.
381. Quinn, J.B. and Voyer, J. (1998) Logical Incrementalism: Managing Strategy Formation, in H. Mintzberg, J.B. Quinn and S. Ghoshal (eds), The Strategy Process. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
382. Quinn, J.B. (1980) Managing Strategic Change. Sloan Management Review, Summer 1980, 3-20.
383. Quinn, J.B. (1980) Strategies for Change. Homewood, IL: Irwin.
384. Schein, E.H. (1985) Organizational Culture and Leadership. San Francisco: Jossey- Bass.
385. Stacey, R.D. (1993) Strategic Management and Organizational Dynamics. London: Pitman.
386. Tushman, M.L. and O'Reilly, C.A. (1996) Winning Through Innovation: A Practical Guide to Leading Organizational Change and Renewal. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
387. Williamson, O. (1975) Markets and Hierarchies. New York: Free Press.
388. Bartlett, C. and Ghoshal, S. (1987) Managing Across Borders: New Organizational Responses. Sloan Management Review, Fall, 45-53.
389. Bartlett, C. and Ghoshal, S. (1989) Managing Across Borders: The Transnational Solution. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
390. Campbell, A.J. and Verbeke, A. (1994) The Globalization of Service Sector Multinationals. Long Range Planning, 27(2), 95-102.
391. Douglas, S.P. and Wind Y. (1987) The Myth of Globalization. Columbia Journal of World Business, Winter, 19-29.
392. Doz, Y. (1986) Strategic Management in Multinational Companies. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
393. Ellis, J. and Williams, D. (1995) International Business Strategy. London: Pitman.
394. French, T. (1998) The Future of Global Distribution Systems. Travel and Tourism Analyst, 3.
395. Glaister, K.W. and Buckley, P.J. (1996) Strategic Motives for International Alliance Formation. Journal of Management Studies, 33(3), 301-332.
396. Go, F. and Pine, R. (1995) Globalization Strategy in the Hotel Industry. London: Routledge.
397. Hamel, G. and Prahalad, C.K. (1985) Do You Really Have a Global Strategy? Harvard Business Review, July/August.
398. Go, F (1996) A Conceptual Framework for Managing Global Tourism and Hospitality Marketing. Tourism Recreation Research, 21(2), 37-43.
399. Hamel, G. (1991) Competition for Competence and Inter-Partner Learning within International Strategic Alliances. Strategic Management Journal, 12 (Special Summer Issue), 83-104.
400. Hamel, G., Doz, Y.L. and Prahalad, C.K. (1989) Collaborate with Your Competitors-and Win. Harvard Business Review, Jan/Feb, 133-139.
401. Hanlon, P. (1996) Global Airlines: Competition in a Transnational Industry. Oxford: Butterworth- Heinemann.
402. Heene, A. and Sanchez, R. (1997) Competence- Based Strategic Management. New York: John Wiley.
403. Henzler, H. and Rall,W. (1986) 'Facing Up to the Globalization Challenge', McKinsey Quarterly, Winter.
404. Keller, P (1996) Globalization and Tourism. Globalization and Tourism, 38 (Editions AIEST). Switzerland: St Gallen.
405. Knowles, T., Diamantis, D. and El-Mourhabi, J.B. (2001) The Globalization of Tourism and Hospitality: A Strategic Perspective. London: Continuum.
406. Levitt, T. (1983) The Globalization of Markets. Harvard Business Review, May/June.
407. Litteljohn, D. (1997) Hotel Chains and Their Strategic Appraisal, in M. Foley, J. Lennon and G. Maxwell (eds), Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Management. London: Cassell.
408. Mintzberg, H., Quinn, J.B. and Ghoshal, S. (1995) The Strategy Process: Concepts, Contexts and Cases, European Edition. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
409. Nickson, D. (1997) Continuity or Change in the International Hotel Industry, in M. Foley, J. Lennon and G. Maxwell (eds), Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Management. London: Cassell.
410. Mules, T. (2001) Globalization and the Economic Impacts of Tourism., in B. Faulkner, G. Moscardo and E. Laws (eds), Tourism in the 21st Century: Lessons from Experience. London: Continuum.
411. Ohmae, K. (1989) The Global Logic of Strategic Alliances. Harvard Business Review, March/ April, 143-154.
412. Ohmae, K. (1989) Managing in a Borderless World. Harvard Business Review, May/June, 152-161.
413. Porter, M.E. (1980) Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analysing Industries and Competitors. New York: Free Press.
414. Porter, M.E. (1985) Competitive Advantage. New York: Free Press.
415. Porter, M.E. (1986a) Competition in Global Business. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
416. Porter, M.E. (1986b) Changing Patterns of International Competition. California Management Review, 28(2), 9-40.
417. Porter, M.E. (1990) The Competitive Advantage of Nations. New York: Free Press.
418. Prahalad, C.K. and Doz, Y.L. (1987) The Multinational Mission: Balancing Local Demands and Global Vision. New York: Free Press.
419. Prahalad, C.K. and Hamel, G. (1990) The Core Competence of the Corporation. Harvard Business Review, pp 79-91
420. Sessa, R (1996) Tourism Production, Tourism Products. Globalization and Tourism, 38 (Editions AIEST). Switzerland: St Gallen.
421. Smeral, E. (1996) Globalization and Changes in the Competitiveness of Tourism Destinations, in Globalization and Tourism, 38 (Editions AIEST). Switzerland: St Gallen.
422. Smeral, E. (1998) The Impact of Globalization on Small and Medium Enterprises: New Challenges for Tourism Policies in European Countries. Tourism Management, 19(4), 371-380.
423. Stonehouse, G.H, Hamill, J., Campbell, D. and Purdie, A. (1999) Global and Transnational Business-Strategy and Management. London: John Wiley.
424. Wahab, S. and Cooper, C. (2001) Tourism in the Age of Globalization. London: Routledge.
425. Yip, G.S. (1992) Total Global Strategy-Managing for Worldwide Competitive Advantage. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
426. Ansoff, I. (1987) Corporate Strategy. London: Penguin.
427. Argenti, J. (1965) Corporate Planning. London: Allen and Unwin.
428. Argyris, C. (1977) Double Loop Learning in Organizations. Harvard Business Review, September-October, pp. 115-125.
429. Argyris, C. (1992) On Organizational Learning. London: Blackwell.
430. Argyris, C. and Schon, D. (1978) Organization Learning: A Theory of Action Perspective. Reading, MA: Addison Wesley.
431. Contractor, F. and Lorange, P. (1988) Why Should Firms Cooperate? The Strategy and Economic Basis for Cooperative Ventures. In F. Contractor and P. Lorange (eds), Cooperative Strategies in International Business, Lexington, MA: Lexington Books, 3-30.
432. Cravens, D.W., Greenley, G., Piercy, N.F. and Slater S. (1997) Integrating Contemporary Strategic Management Perspectives. Long Range Planning, 30(4), 493-506.
433. Davidow,W.H. and Malone, M.S. (1992) Structuring and Revitalizing the Corporation for the 21st Century-The Virtual Corporation. London: Harper Business.
434. Demarest, M. (1997) Understanding Knowledge Management. Long Range Planning, 30(3), 374-384.
435. Grant, R.M. (1991) The Resource Based Theory of Competitive Advantage: Implications for Strategy Formulation. California Management Review, 33 (Spring), 114-135.
436. Grant, R.M. (1997) The Knowledge-based View of the Firm: Implications for Management Practice. Long Range Planning, 30(3), 450-454.
437. Hamel, G. and Prahalad, C.K. (1989) Strategic Intent. Harvard Business Review, 67(3), 63-76.
438. Hamel, G. and Prahalad, C.K. (1994) Competing for the Future. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
439. Hamel, G., Doz, Y. and Prahalad, C.K. (1989) Collaborate with Your Competitors and Win. Harvard Business Review, January- February.
440. Heene, A. and Sanchez, R. (eds) (1997) Competence- Based Strategic Management. London: John Wiley.
441. Heracleous, L. (1998) Strategic Thinking or Strategic Planning. Long Range Planning, 30(3), 481-487.
442. Kay, J. (1993) Foundations of Corporate Success. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
443. Kay, J. (1995) Learning to Define the Core Business. Financial Times, 1 December.
444. Lenosky, T.J., Kress, J.D., Collins, L.A., Kwon, I. and McKiernan, P. (1997) Strategy Past; Strategy Futures. Long Range Planning, 30(5), 790-798.
445. Mintzberg, H. (1987) Crafting Strategy. Harvard Business Review, July-August.
446. Mintzberg, H. (1991) The Strategy Process-Concepts, Contexts, Cases. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
447. Mintzberg, H., Quinn, J.B. and Ghoshal, S. (1995) The Strategy Process: Concepts, Contexts and Cases, European edn. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
448. Penrose, E. (1959) The Theory of the Growth of the Firm. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
449. Porter, M.E. (1980) Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analysing Industries and Competitors. New York: The Free Press.
450. Porter, M.E. (1985) Competitive Advantage. New York: The Free Press.
451. Prahalad, C.K. and Hamel, G. (1990) The Core Competence of the Organization. Harvard Business Review, 90, 79-93.
452. Quinn, J.B. (1978) Strategic Change; Logical Incrementalism. Sloan Management Review, Fall.
453. Quinn, J.B. (1992) The Intelligent Enterprise. New York: The Free Press.
454. Quinn, J.B. and Voyer, J. (1994) The Strategy Process. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
455. Quinn, J.B., Doorley, T. and Paquette, P. (1990) Technology in Services: Rethinking Strategic Focus. Sloan Management Review, 31(2), 79-87.
456. Reeve, T. (1990) The Firm as a Nexus of Internal and External Contracts, in M. Aoki, M. Gustafsson and O.E. Williamson (eds), The Firm as a Nexus of Treaties. London: Sage.
457. Rumelt, R. (1991) How Much Does Industry Matter? Strategic Management Journal, 12, 167-185.
458. Sanchez, R. and Heene, A. (1997) Strategic Learning and Knowledge Management. New York: Wiley.
459. Senge, P. (1990) The Leader's New Work: Building Learning Organizations. Sloan Management Review, 32(1), 7-22.
460. Airline Business (1999) Circling the Globe-Annual Alliances Survey, Airline Business, July, 33-65
461. The Economist (1998) Airline Alliances: Mergers in Mind, The Economist, 26 September, p. 96.
462. Humphreys, BK. (1994) The Implications of International Code Sharing. Journal of Air Transport Management, 1(4), 195-207.
463. D. Buhalis (2001) The tourism phenomenon: The new tourist and consumer, in S. Wahab and C. Cooper (eds), Tourism in the Age of Globalisation, Routledge, London
464. J. Krippendorf (1986) Tourism in the system of industrial society. Annals of Tourism Research, 13(4)
465. J. Krippendorf (1987) The Holidaymakers: Understanding the Impact of Leisure and Travel, London, Heinemann
466. Victor T.C. Middleton (1991) Whither the package tour. Tourism Management, September.
467. Auliana Poon (1993) Tourism Technology and Competitive Strategies., Wallingford, CABI.
468. Chris Ryan (1991) UK package holiday industry. Tourism Management, March 1991.
469. C. Smith and P. Jenner (1998) Travel agents in Europe, Travel and Tourism Analyst, 4, 5-15.
470. TTG (1998) The year that shook the travel world, Travel Trade Gazette, 6 January.