Metronomic therapy and breast cancer: A systematic review

Cancer Treatment Reviews

Volumn 40, Issue 8, 2014, Pages 942-950

  Montagna, Emilia ^a   Cancello, Giuseppe ^a   Dellapasqua, Silvia ^a   Munzone, Elisabetta ^a   Colleoni, Marco ^a  

^a EUROPEAN INSTITUTE OF ONCOLOGY   (Italy)

Author keywords

Breast cancer; Chemotherapy; Metronomic

Indexed keywords

5 ETHYNYLURACIL; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; CAPECITABINE; CYCLOOXYGENASE 2 INHIBITOR; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; FLUOROURACIL; IMMUNOLOGIC AGENT; METHOTREXATE;

BREAST CANCER; CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER HORMONE THERAPY; DRUG EFFICACY; HUMAN; METRONOMIC THERAPY; PHASE 1 CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); PHASE 2 CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); PHASE 3 CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); REVIEW; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

BREAST CANCER; CHEMOTHERAPY; METRONOMIC;

ADMINISTRATION, METRONOMIC; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS; BREAST NEOPLASMS; FEMALE; HUMANS;

EID: 84904818358     PISSN: 03057372     EISSN: 15321967     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2014.06.002     Document Type: Review

References (72)

1. Perez E.A. Impact, mechanism, and novel chemotherapy strategies for overcoming resistance to anthracyclines and taxanes in metastatic breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2009, 114:195-201.
2. Cardoso F., Costa A., Norton L. 1st International consensus guidelines for advanced breast cancer (ABC 1). Breast 2012, 21:242-252.
3. Hanahan D., Bergers G., Bergsland E. Less is more, regularly: metronomic dosing of cytotoxic drugs can target tumor angiogenesis in mice. J Clin Invest 2000, 105(8):1045-1047.
4. Browder T., Butterfield C.E., Kräling B.M., et al. Antiangiogenic scheduling of chemotherapy improves efficacy against experimental drug-resistant cancer. Cancer Res 2000, 60(7):1878-1886.
5. Klement G., Baruchel S., Rak J., et al. Continuous low-dose therapy with vinblastine and VEGF receptor-2 antibody induces sustained tumor regression without overt toxicity. J Clin Invest 2000, 105(8):R15-R24.
6. Pasquier E., Kavallaris M., André N. Metronomic chemotherapy: new rationale for new directions. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2010, 7(8):455-465.
7. Romiti A., Cox M.C., Sarcina I., et al. Metronomic chemotherapy for cancer treatment: a decade of clinical studies. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2013, 72(1):13-33.
8. Lien K., Georgsdottir S., Sivanathan L., et al. Low-dose metronomic chemotherapy: a systematic literature analysis. Eur J Cancer 2013, 49(16):3387-3395.
9. Colleoni M., Rocca A., Sandri M.T., et al. Low-dose oral methotrexate and cyclophosphamide in metastatic breast cancer: antitumor activity and correlation with vascular endothelial growth factor levels. Ann Oncol 2002, 13:73-80.
10. Collovà E., Sebastiani F., De Matteis E., et al. Use of metronomic chemotherapy in oncology: results from a national Italian survey. Tumori 2011, 97(4):454-458.
11. Lam T., Hetherington J.W., Greenman J., Maraveyas A. From total empiricism to a rational design of metronomic chemotherapy phase I dosing trials. Anticancer Drugs 2006, 17:113-121.
12. Orlando L., Cardillo A., Rocca A., et al. Prolonged clinical benefit with metronomic chemotherapy in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Anticancer Drugs 2006, 17:961-967.
13. Miscoria M., Tonetto F., Deroma L., et al. Exploratory predictive and prognostic factors in advanced breast cancer treated with metronomic chemotherapy. Anticancer Drugs 2012, 23:326-334.
14. Gebbia V., Boussen H. Valerio MR Oral metronomic cyclophosphamide with and without methotrexate as palliative treatment for patients with metastatic breast carcinoma. Anticancer Res 2012, 32(2):529-536.
15. Smith I.E., Johnston S.R. O'Brien ME Low-dose oral fluorouracil with eniluracil as first-line chemotherapy against advanced breast cancer: a phase II study. J Clin Oncol 2000, 18(12):2378-2384.
16. M. Stockler, T. Sourjina, P. Grimison, et al. A randomized trial of capecitabine (C) given intermittently (IC) rather than continuously (CC) compared to classical CMF as first line chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer. ASCO Annual Meeting Proceedings Part I. J. Clin. Oncol. 2007; 25(18S):1031.
17. M. Martin, L. Calvo, N. Martinez, et al. Randomized, phase II trial comparing continuous versus intermittent capecitabine monotherapy for metastatic breast cancer (MBC). ASCO Annual Meeting Proceedings Part I. J Clin Oncol 2009; 27(15S):1086.
18. Taguchi T., Nakayama T., Masuda N., et al. Study of low-dose capecitabine monotherapy for metastatic breast cancer. Chemotherapy 2010, 56:166-170.
19. Fedele P., Marino A., Orlando L., et al. Efficacy and safety of low-dose metronomic chemotherapy with capecitabine in heavily pretreated patients with metastatic breast cancer. Eur J Cancer 2012 Jan, 48(1):24-29.
20. Wang Z., Lu J., Leaw S., et al. An all-oral combination of metronomic cyclophosphamide plus capecitabine in patients with anthracycline- and taxane-pretreated metastatic breast cancer: a phase II study. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2012, 69(2):515-522.
21. Yoshimoto M., Takao S., Hirata M., et al. Metronomic oral combination chemotherapy with capecitabine and cyclophosphamide: a phase II study in patients with HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2012, 70(2):331-338.
22. Briasoulis E., Aravantinos G., Kouvatseas G., et al. Dose selection trial of metronomic oral vinorelbine monotherapy in patients with metastatic cancer: a hellenic cooperative oncology group clinical translational study. BMC Cancer 2013, 13(1):263.
23. Addeo R., Sgambato A., Cennamo G., et al. Low-dose metronomic oral administration of vinorelbine in the first-line treatment of elderly patients with metastatic breast cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2010, 10(4):301-306.
24. Saridaki Z., et al. A phase I trial of oral metronomic vinorelbine plus capecitabine in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2012, 69:35-42.
25. Cazzaniga M.E., Torri V., Villa F., et al. Efficacy and safety of the all-oral schedule of metronomic vinorelbine and capecitabine in locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer patients: the phase I-II VICTOR-1 Study. Int J Breast Cancer 2014, 769-790.
26. Addeo R., Sperlongano P., Montella L., et al. Protracted low dose of oral vinorelbine and temozolomide with whole-brain radiotherapy in the treatment for breast cancer patients with brain metastases. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2012, 70(4):603-609.
27. Munzone E., Di Pietro A., Goldhirsch A., et al. Metronomic administration of pegylated liposomal-doxorubicin in extensively pre-treated metastatic breast cancer patients: a mono-institutional case-series report. Breast 2010, 19(1):33-37.
28. Manso L., Valdiviezo N., Sepulveda J., et al. Safety and efficacy of metronomic non-pegylated liposomal encapsulated doxorubicin in heavily pretreated advanced breast cancer patients. Clin Transl Oncol 2013, 15:467-471.
29. Dellapasqua S., Mazza M., Rosa D., et al. Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin in combination with low-dose metronomic cyclophosphamide as preoperative treatment for patients with locally advanced breast cancer. Breast 2011, 20(4):319-323.
30. Otsuka H., Fujii T., Toh U., et al. Phase II clinical trial of metronomic chemotherapy with combined irinotecan and tegafur-gimeracil-oteracil potassium in metastatic and recurrent breast cancer. Breast cancer 2013, Epub ahead of print.
31. Pritchard K.I. Combining endocrine agents with chemotherapy: which patients and what sequence?. Cancer 2008, 112:718-722.
32. Torrisi R., Bagnardi V., Rotmensz N., et al. Letrozole plus GnRH analogue as preoperative and adjuvant therapy in premenopausal women with ER positive locally advanced breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2011 Apr, 126(2):431-441.
33. Bottini A., Generali D., Brizzi M.P., et al. Randomized phase II trial of letrozole and letrozole plus low-dose metronomic oral cyclophosphamide as primary systemic treatment in elderly breast cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 2006, 24:3623-3628.
34. Schwartzberg L.S., Wang G., Somer B.G., et al. Phase II Trial of Fulvestrant with metronomic capecitabine for postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-Negative metastatic breast cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2014, 13-19.
35. Aurilio G., Munzone E., Botteri E., et al. Oral metronomic cyclophosphamide and methotrexate plus fulvestrant in advanced breast cancer patients: a mono-institutional case-cohort report. Breast J 2012 Sep, 18(5):470-474.
36. Licchetta A., Correale P., Migali C., et al. Oral metronomic chemo-hormonal-therapy of metastatic breast cancer with cyclophosphamide and megestrol acetate. J Chemother 2010, 22(3):201-204.
37. Petit A.M., Rak J., Hung M.C., et al. Neutralizing antibodies against epidermal growth factor and erbB-2/neu receptor tyrosine kinases down-regulate vascular endothelial growth factor production by tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. Angiogenic implications for signal transduction therapy of solid tumors. Am J Pathol 1997, 151:1523-1530.
38. Izumi Y., Xu L., di Tomaso E., et al. Herceptin acts as an anti-angiogenic cocktail. Nature 2002, 416:279-280.
39. Orlando L., Cardillo A., Ghisini R., et al. Trastuzumab in combination with metronomic cyclophosphamide and methotrexate in patients with HER-2 positive metastatic breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2006, 6:225.
40. Klement G., Baruchel S., Rak J. Continuous low-dose therapy with vinblastine and VEGF receptor-2 antibody induces sustained tumor regression without overt toxicity. J Clin Invest 2000, 105:R15-R24.
41. H.J. Burstein, D. Spigel, K. Kindsvogel, et al. Metronomic chemotherapy with and without bevacizumab for advanced breast cancer: A randomized phase II study. 28th Annual San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium 2005, San Antonio, TX, December 8-11, (abstr 4).
42. García-Sáenz J.A., Martín M., Calles A., et al. Bevacizumab in combination with metronomic chemotherapy in patients with anthracycline- and taxane-refractory breast cancer. J Chemother 2008, 20(5):632-639.
43. Dellapasqua S., Bertolini F., Bagnardi V., et al. Metronomic cyclophosphamide and capecitabine combined with bevacizumab in advanced breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2008, 26(30):4899-4905.
44. Saloustros E., Kalbakis K., Vardakis N., et al. Metronomic vinorelbine plus bevacizumab as salvage therapy for patients with metastatic breast cancer. J Buon 2011, 16:215-218.
45. Mayer E.L., Isakoff S.J., Klement G., et al. Combination antiangiogenic therapy in advanced breast cancer: a phase 1 trial of vandetanib, a VEGFR inhibitor, and metronomic chemotherapy, with correlative platelet proteomics. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2012, 136(1):169-178.
46. Hirata A., Ogawa S., Kometani T., et al. ZD1839 (Iressa) induces antiangiogenic effects through inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase. Cancer Res 2002, 62:2554-2560.
47. Bozec A., Fischel J.L., Milano G. Epidermal growth factor receptor/angiogenesis dual targeting: preclinical experience. Curr Opin Oncol 2006, 18:330-334.
48. Herbst R.S., Johnson D.H., Mininberg E., et al. Phase I/II trial evaluating the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor monoclonal antibody bevacizumab in combination with the HER-1/epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor erlotinib for patients with recurrent non-small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 2005, 23:2544-2555.
49. Dickler M.N., Rugo H.S., Eberle C.A., et al. A phase II trial of erlotinib in combination with bevacizumab in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2008, 14:7878-7883.
50. Montagna E., Cancello G., Bagnardi V., et al. Metronomic chemotherapy combined with bevacizumab and erlotinib in patients with metastatic HER2-negative breast cancer: clinical and biological activity. Clin Breast Cancer 2012, 12(3):207-214.
51. Wolff J.E., Molenkamp G., Hotfilder M., et al. Dexamethasone inhibits glioma-induced formation of capillary like structures in vitro and angiogenesis in vivo. Klin Paediatr 1997, 209:275-277.
52. Norrby K. Low-molecular-weight heparins and angiogenesis. APMIS 2006, 114:79-102.
53. Wong N.S., Buckman R.A., Clemons M., et al. Phase I/II trial of metronomic chemotherapy with daily dalteparin and cyclophosphamide, twice-weekly methotrexate, and daily prednisone as therapy for metastatic breast cancer using vascular endothelial growth factor and soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor levels as markers of response. J Clin Oncol 2010, 28(5):723-730.
54. D'Amato R.J., Loughnan M.S., Flynn E., Folkman J. Thalidomide is an inhibitor of angiogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994, 91:4082-4085.
55. Coulson A.S., Summers L.J., Lindahl-Kiessling K., et al. The effect of two soluble thalidomide derivatives on lymphocytes stimulation. Clin Exp Immunol 1970, 7:241-247.
56. Colleoni M., Orlando L., Sanna G., et al. Metronomic low-dose oral cyclophosphamide and methotrexate plus or minus thalidomide in metastatic breast cancer: antitumor activity and biological effects. Ann Oncol 2006, 17(2):232-238.
57. Generali D., Bates G., Berruti A., et al. Immunomodulation of FOXP3+ regulatory T cells by the aromatase inhibitor letrozole in breast cancer patients. Clin Cancer Res 2009, 15:1046-1051.
58. Soriano J.L., Batista N., Santiesteban E., et al. Metronomic cyclophosphamide and methotrexate chemotherapy combined with 1E10 anti-idiotype vaccine in metastatic breast cancer. Int J Breast Cancer 2011, 2011:710292.
59. Gately S., Kerbel R. Therapeutic potential of selective cyclooxigenase 2 inhibitors in the management of tumor angiogenesis. Prog Exp Tumor Res 2003, 37:179-192.
60. Farooqui M., Li Y., Rogers T., et al. COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib prevents chronic morphine-induced promotion of angiogenesis, tumour growth, metastasis and mortality, without compromising analgesia. Br J Cancer 2007, 97(11):1523-1531.
61. Young S.D., Lafrenie R.M. Clemons MJ Phase II trial of a metronomic schedule of docetaxel and capecitabine with concurrent celecoxib in patients with prior anthracycline exposure for metastatic breast cancer. Curr Oncol 2012, 19(2):e75-e83.
62. Perroud H.A., Rico M.J., Alasino C.M., Queralt F., Mainetti L.E., Pezzotto S.M., et al. Safety and therapeutic effect of metronomic chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide and celecoxib in advanced breast cancer patients. Future Oncol 2013, 9(3):451-462.
63. Watanabe T., Sano M., Takashima S., et al. Oral uracil and tegafur compared with classic cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, fluorouracil as postoperative chemotherapy in patients with node-negative, high-risk breast cancer: National Surgical Adjuvant Study for Breast Cancer 01 Trial. J Clin Oncol 2009 Mar 20, 27(9):1368-1374.
64. Crivellari D., Gray K.P., Dellapasqua S., et al. Adjuvant pegylated liposomal doxorubicin for older women with endocrine nonresponsive breast cancer who are NOT suitable for a "standard chemotherapy regimen": the CASA randomized trial. Breast 2013, 130-137.
65. Bertolini F., Paul S., Mancuso P., et al. Maximum tolerable dose and low-dose metronomic chemotherapy have opposite effects on the mobilization and viability of circulating endothelial progenitor cells. Cancer Res 2003, 63:4342-4346.
66. Shaked Y., Emmenegger U., Man S., et al. Optimal biologic dose of metronomic chemotherapy regimens is associated with maximum antiangiogenic activity. Blood 2005, 106(9):3058-3061.
67. Shaked Y., Bertolini F., Man S., et al. Genetic heterogeneity of the vasculogenic phenotype parallels angiogenesis: Implications for cellular surrogate markers and analysis of antiangiogenesis. Cancer Cell 2005, 7:101-111.
68. Mancuso P., Colleoni M., Calleri A., et al. Circulating endothelial cell kinetics and viability predict survival in breast cancer patients receiving metronomic chemotherapy. Blood 2006, 108:452-459.
69. Bocci G., Francia G., Man S., et al. Thrombospondin 1, a mediator of the antiangiogenic effects pf low-dose metronomic chemotherapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003, 100(22):12917-12922.
70. Dellapasqua S., Bagnardi V., Bertolini F., et al. Increased mean corpuscular volume of red blood cells predicts response to metronomic capecitabine and cyclophosphamide in combination with bevacizumab. Breast 2012, 21:209-213.
71. C. Rochlitz, R. von Moos, M. Bigler, et al SAKK 24/09: Safety and tolerability of bevacizumab plus paclitaxel versus bevacizumab plus metronomic cyclophosphamide and capecitabine as first-line therapy in patients with HER2-negative advanced stage breast cancer-A multicenter, randomized phase III trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 32:5s, 2014 (suppl; abstr 518) 2014 ASCO Annual Meeting.
72. Bocci G., Tuccori M., Emmenegger U., et al. Cyclophosphamide-methotrexate 'metronomic' chemotherapy for the palliative treatment of metastatic breast cancer. A comparative pharmacoeconomic evaluation. Ann Oncol 2005, 16(8):1243-1252.