메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 34, Issue 3, 2014, Pages 333-339

Prediction and management of hyperkalemia across the spectrum of chronic kidney disease

Author keywords

Diabetes; Hyperkalemia; Hypertension; Kidney; Nephropathy

Indexed keywords

ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; BICARBONATE; CALCINEURIN INHIBITOR; COTRIMOXAZOLE; DIGOXIN; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; EPLERENONE; FLUDROCORTISONE; HEPARIN; LOOP DIURETIC AGENT; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; PATIROMER; PLACEBO; POLYSTYRENESULFONATE SODIUM; POTASSIUM; RAMIPRIL; RENIN INHIBITOR; SORBITOL; SPIRONOLACTONE; TELMISARTAN; UREA; VALSARTAN; MINERALOCORTICOID ANTAGONIST;

EID: 84903955528     PISSN: 02709295     EISSN: 15584488     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2014.04.008     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (125)

References (68)
  • 1
    • 84860493488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of hyperkalemia and death in patients with cardiac and renal disease
    • Jain N., Kotla S., Little B.B., et al. Predictors of hyperkalemia and death in patients with cardiac and renal disease. Am J Cardiol 2012, 109:1510-1513.
    • (2012) Am J Cardiol , vol.109 , pp. 1510-1513
    • Jain, N.1    Kotla, S.2    Little, B.B.3
  • 2
    • 67649470527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The frequency of hyperkalemia and its significance in chronic kidney disease
    • Einhorn L.M., Zhan M., Hsu V.D., et al. The frequency of hyperkalemia and its significance in chronic kidney disease. Arch Intern Med 2009, 169:1156-1162.
    • (2009) Arch Intern Med , vol.169 , pp. 1156-1162
    • Einhorn, L.M.1    Zhan, M.2    Hsu, V.D.3
  • 3
    • 77749292028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potassium homeostasis and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors
    • Weir M.R., Rolfe M. Potassium homeostasis and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2010, 5:531-548.
    • (2010) Clin J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.5 , pp. 531-548
    • Weir, M.R.1    Rolfe, M.2
  • 5
    • 84892784481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the concurrent use of potassium-influencing drugs as risk factors for the development of hyperkalemia
    • Kuijvenhoven M.A., Haak E.A., Gombert-Handoko K.B., Crul M. Evaluation of the concurrent use of potassium-influencing drugs as risk factors for the development of hyperkalemia. Int J Clin Pharm 2013, 35:1099-1104.
    • (2013) Int J Clin Pharm , vol.35 , pp. 1099-1104
    • Kuijvenhoven, M.A.1    Haak, E.A.2    Gombert-Handoko, K.B.3    Crul, M.4
  • 6
    • 30444452987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of benazepril for advanced chronic renal insufficiency
    • Hou F.F., Zhang X., Zhang G.H., et al. Efficacy and safety of benazepril for advanced chronic renal insufficiency. N Engl J Med 2006, 354:131-140.
    • (2006) N Engl J Med , vol.354 , pp. 131-140
    • Hou, F.F.1    Zhang, X.2    Zhang, G.H.3
  • 7
    • 49149131161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renin-angiotensin blockade and kidney disease
    • Sarafidis P.A., Bakris G.L. Renin-angiotensin blockade and kidney disease. Lancet 2008, 372:511-512.
    • (2008) Lancet , vol.372 , pp. 511-512
    • Sarafidis, P.A.1    Bakris, G.L.2
  • 8
    • 0028008760 scopus 로고
    • Tissue renin angiotensin systems: theoretical implications for the development of hyperkalemia using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
    • Schlueter W., Keilani T., Batlle D.C. Tissue renin angiotensin systems: theoretical implications for the development of hyperkalemia using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Am J Med Sci 1994, 307(Suppl 1):S81-S86.
    • (1994) Am J Med Sci , vol.307 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Schlueter, W.1    Keilani, T.2    Batlle, D.C.3
  • 9
    • 12444311743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potassium metabolism in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), part I: patients not on dialysis (stages 3-4)
    • Musso C.G. Potassium metabolism in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), part I: patients not on dialysis (stages 3-4). Int Urol Nephrol 2004, 36:465-468.
    • (2004) Int Urol Nephrol , vol.36 , pp. 465-468
    • Musso, C.G.1
  • 10
    • 0036311146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperkalemia: an adaptive response in chronic renal insufficiency
    • Gennari F.J., Segal A.S. Hyperkalemia: an adaptive response in chronic renal insufficiency. Kidney Int 2002, 62:1-9.
    • (2002) Kidney Int , vol.62 , pp. 1-9
    • Gennari, F.J.1    Segal, A.S.2
  • 11
    • 84882450234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of potassium channel trafficking in the distal nephron
    • Welling P.A. Regulation of potassium channel trafficking in the distal nephron. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2013, 22:559-565.
    • (2013) Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens , vol.22 , pp. 559-565
    • Welling, P.A.1
  • 14
    • 84881604016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of renal potassium secretion: molecular mechanisms
    • Welling P.A. Regulation of renal potassium secretion: molecular mechanisms. Semin Nephrol 2013, 33:215-228.
    • (2013) Semin Nephrol , vol.33 , pp. 215-228
    • Welling, P.A.1
  • 16
    • 3442888821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Managing hyperkalemia caused by inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
    • Palmer B.F. Managing hyperkalemia caused by inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. N Engl J Med 2004, 351:585-592.
    • (2004) N Engl J Med , vol.351 , pp. 585-592
    • Palmer, B.F.1
  • 17
    • 0020045293 scopus 로고
    • Plasma aldosterone concentrations in chronic renal disease
    • Hene R.J., Boer P., Koomans H.A., Mees E.J. Plasma aldosterone concentrations in chronic renal disease. Kidney Int 1982, 21:98-101.
    • (1982) Kidney Int , vol.21 , pp. 98-101
    • Hene, R.J.1    Boer, P.2    Koomans, H.A.3    Mees, E.J.4
  • 18
    • 84857051956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic complications in elderly adults with chronic kidney disease
    • Drawz P.E., Babineau D.C., Rahman M. Metabolic complications in elderly adults with chronic kidney disease. J Am Geriatr Soc 2012, 60:310-315.
    • (2012) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.60 , pp. 310-315
    • Drawz, P.E.1    Babineau, D.C.2    Rahman, M.3
  • 19
    • 70349765136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of hyperkalemia in nondiabetic patients with chronic kidney disease receiving antihypertensive therapy
    • Weinberg J.M., Appel L.J., Bakris G., et al. Risk of hyperkalemia in nondiabetic patients with chronic kidney disease receiving antihypertensive therapy. Arch Intern Med 2009, 169:1587-1594.
    • (2009) Arch Intern Med , vol.169 , pp. 1587-1594
    • Weinberg, J.M.1    Appel, L.J.2    Bakris, G.3
  • 20
    • 84864801182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and factors associated with hyperkalemia in predialysis patients followed in a low-clearance clinic
    • Sarafidis P.A., Blacklock R., Wood E., et al. Prevalence and factors associated with hyperkalemia in predialysis patients followed in a low-clearance clinic. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2012, 7:1234-1241.
    • (2012) Clin J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.7 , pp. 1234-1241
    • Sarafidis, P.A.1    Blacklock, R.2    Wood, E.3
  • 21
    • 15844368318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of the angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor benazepril on the progression of chronic renal insufficiency. The Angiotensin-Converting-Enzyme Inhibition in Progressive Renal Insufficiency Study Group
    • Maschio G., Alberti D., Janin G., et al. Effect of the angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor benazepril on the progression of chronic renal insufficiency. The Angiotensin-Converting-Enzyme Inhibition in Progressive Renal Insufficiency Study Group. N Engl J Med 1996, 334:939-945.
    • (1996) N Engl J Med , vol.334 , pp. 939-945
    • Maschio, G.1    Alberti, D.2    Janin, G.3
  • 22
    • 0030604561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomised placebo-controlled trial of effect of ramipril on decline in glomerular filtration rate and risk of terminal renal failure in proteinuric, non-diabetic nephropathy
    • The GISEN Group (Gruppo Italiano di Studi Epidemiologici in Nefrologia)
    • Randomised placebo-controlled trial of effect of ramipril on decline in glomerular filtration rate and risk of terminal renal failure in proteinuric, non-diabetic nephropathy. Lancet 1997, 349:1857-1863. The GISEN Group (Gruppo Italiano di Studi Epidemiologici in Nefrologia).
    • (1997) Lancet , vol.349 , pp. 1857-1863
  • 23
    • 0035922447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renoprotective effect of the angiotensin-receptor antagonist irbesartan in patients with nephropathy due to type 2 diabetes
    • Lewis E.J., Hunsicker L.G., Clarke W.R., et al. Renoprotective effect of the angiotensin-receptor antagonist irbesartan in patients with nephropathy due to type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2001, 345:851-860.
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.345 , pp. 851-860
    • Lewis, E.J.1    Hunsicker, L.G.2    Clarke, W.R.3
  • 24
    • 0027517659 scopus 로고
    • The effect of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition on diabetic nephropathy. The Collaborative Study Group
    • Lewis E.J., Hunsicker L.G., Bain R.P., Rohde R.D. The effect of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition on diabetic nephropathy. The Collaborative Study Group. N Engl J Med 1993, 329:1456-1462.
    • (1993) N Engl J Med , vol.329 , pp. 1456-1462
    • Lewis, E.J.1    Hunsicker, L.G.2    Bain, R.P.3    Rohde, R.D.4
  • 25
    • 0037145856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of blood pressure lowering and antihypertensive drug class on progression of hypertensive kidney disease: results from the AASK trial
    • Wright J.T., Bakris G., Greene T., et al. Effect of blood pressure lowering and antihypertensive drug class on progression of hypertensive kidney disease: results from the AASK trial. JAMA 2002, 288:2421-2431.
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , pp. 2421-2431
    • Wright, J.T.1    Bakris, G.2    Greene, T.3
  • 26
    • 0035922441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of losartan on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy
    • Brenner B.M., Cooper M.E., de Zeeuw D., et al. Effects of losartan on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy. N Engl J Med 2001, 345:861-869.
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.345 , pp. 861-869
    • Brenner, B.M.1    Cooper, M.E.2    de Zeeuw, D.3
  • 27
    • 0033049721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A subdepressor low dose of ramipril lowers urinary protein excretion without increasing plasma potassium
    • Keilani T., Danesh F.R., Schlueter W.A., Molteni A., Batlle D. A subdepressor low dose of ramipril lowers urinary protein excretion without increasing plasma potassium. Am J Kidney Dis 1999, 33:450-457.
    • (1999) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.33 , pp. 450-457
    • Keilani, T.1    Danesh, F.R.2    Schlueter, W.A.3    Molteni, A.4    Batlle, D.5
  • 28
    • 84860617929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperkalemia associated with use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers
    • Raebel M.A. Hyperkalemia associated with use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers. Cardiovasc Ther 2012, 30:e156-e166.
    • (2012) Cardiovasc Ther , vol.30
    • Raebel, M.A.1
  • 29
    • 58149485463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Timing of onset of CKD-related metabolic complications
    • Moranne O., Froissart M., Rossert J., et al. Timing of onset of CKD-related metabolic complications. J Am Soc Nephrol 2009, 20:164-171.
    • (2009) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.20 , pp. 164-171
    • Moranne, O.1    Froissart, M.2    Rossert, J.3
  • 30
    • 78049380074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic kidney disease: the effect of CKD therapies on serum potassium levels
    • Fink J.C. Chronic kidney disease: the effect of CKD therapies on serum potassium levels. Nat Rev Nephrol 2010, 6:633-634.
    • (2010) Nat Rev Nephrol , vol.6 , pp. 633-634
    • Fink, J.C.1
  • 31
  • 32
    • 84869492851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiorenal end points in a trial of aliskiren for type 2 diabetes
    • Parving H.H., Brenner B.M., McMurray J.J., et al. Cardiorenal end points in a trial of aliskiren for type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2012, 367:2204-2213.
    • (2012) N Engl J Med , vol.367 , pp. 2204-2213
    • Parving, H.H.1    Brenner, B.M.2    McMurray, J.J.3
  • 33
    • 84887467090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined angiotensin inhibition for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy
    • Fried L.F., Emanuele N., Zhang J.H., et al. Combined angiotensin inhibition for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy. N Engl J Med 2013, 369:1892-1903.
    • (2013) N Engl J Med , vol.369 , pp. 1892-1903
    • Fried, L.F.1    Emanuele, N.2    Zhang, J.H.3
  • 34
    • 69749100645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of hyperkalemia risk following hypertension control with aldosterone blockade
    • Khosla N., Kalaitzidis R., Bakris G.L. Predictors of hyperkalemia risk following hypertension control with aldosterone blockade. Am J Nephrol 2009, 30:418-424.
    • (2009) Am J Nephrol , vol.30 , pp. 418-424
    • Khosla, N.1    Kalaitzidis, R.2    Bakris, G.L.3
  • 35
    • 72049109463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Addition of angiotensin receptor blockade or mineralocorticoid antagonism to maximal angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in diabetic nephropathy
    • Mehdi U.F., Adams-Huet B., Raskin P., Vega G.L., Toto R.D. Addition of angiotensin receptor blockade or mineralocorticoid antagonism to maximal angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in diabetic nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol 2009, 20:2641-2650.
    • (2009) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.20 , pp. 2641-2650
    • Mehdi, U.F.1    Adams-Huet, B.2    Raskin, P.3    Vega, G.L.4    Toto, R.D.5
  • 36
    • 78649949458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spironolactone for difficult to control hypertension in chronic kidney disease: an analysis of safety and efficacy
    • Heshka J., Ruzicka M., Hiremath S., McCormick B.B. Spironolactone for difficult to control hypertension in chronic kidney disease: an analysis of safety and efficacy. J Am Soc Hypertens 2010, 4:295-301.
    • (2010) J Am Soc Hypertens , vol.4 , pp. 295-301
    • Heshka, J.1    Ruzicka, M.2    Hiremath, S.3    McCormick, B.B.4
  • 37
    • 80455145142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moderate antiproteinuric effect of add-on aldosterone blockade with eplerenone in non-diabetic chronic kidney disease. A randomized cross-over study
    • Boesby L., Elung-Jensen T., Klausen T.W., Strandgaard S., Kamper A.L. Moderate antiproteinuric effect of add-on aldosterone blockade with eplerenone in non-diabetic chronic kidney disease. A randomized cross-over study. PLoS One 2011, 6:e26904.
    • (2011) PLoS One , vol.6
    • Boesby, L.1    Elung-Jensen, T.2    Klausen, T.W.3    Strandgaard, S.4    Kamper, A.L.5
  • 38
    • 84870432435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of hyperkalaemia consequent to mineralocorticoid-receptor antagonist therapy
    • Roscioni S.S., de Zeeuw D., Bakker S.J., Lambers Heerspink H.J. Management of hyperkalaemia consequent to mineralocorticoid-receptor antagonist therapy. Nat Rev Nephrol 2012, 8:691-699.
    • (2012) Nat Rev Nephrol , vol.8 , pp. 691-699
    • Roscioni, S.S.1    de Zeeuw, D.2    Bakker, S.J.3    Lambers Heerspink, H.J.4
  • 39
    • 38149030811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Change in proteinuria after adding aldosterone blockers to ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers in CKD: a systematic review
    • Bomback A.S., Kshirsagar A.V., Amamoo M.A., Klemmer P.J. Change in proteinuria after adding aldosterone blockers to ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers in CKD: a systematic review. Am J Kidney Dis 2008, 51:199-211.
    • (2008) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.51 , pp. 199-211
    • Bomback, A.S.1    Kshirsagar, A.V.2    Amamoo, M.A.3    Klemmer, P.J.4
  • 40
    • 84872675566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized study of antihypertensive efficacy and safety of combination aliskiren/valsartan vs valsartan monotherapy in hypertensive participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Bakris G.L., Oparil S., Purkayastha D., Yadao A.M., Alessi T., Sowers J.R. Randomized study of antihypertensive efficacy and safety of combination aliskiren/valsartan vs valsartan monotherapy in hypertensive participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2013, 15:92-100.
    • (2013) J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) , vol.15 , pp. 92-100
    • Bakris, G.L.1    Oparil, S.2    Purkayastha, D.3    Yadao, A.M.4    Alessi, T.5    Sowers, J.R.6
  • 41
    • 33746558934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Placebo-controlled study on the effect of the aldosterone receptor antagonist spironolactone in patients who have persistent proteinuria and are on long-term angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy, with or without an angiotensin II receptor blocker
    • Chrysostomou A., Pedagogos E., MacGregor L., Double-blind Becker GJ. placebo-controlled study on the effect of the aldosterone receptor antagonist spironolactone in patients who have persistent proteinuria and are on long-term angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy, with or without an angiotensin II receptor blocker. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2006, 1:256-262.
    • (2006) Clin J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.1 , pp. 256-262
    • Chrysostomou, A.1    Pedagogos, E.2    MacGregor, L.3    Double-blind, B.G.J.4
  • 42
    • 33845302661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term effects of spironolactone on proteinuria and kidney function in patients with chronic kidney disease
    • Bianchi S., Bigazzi R., Campese V.M. Long-term effects of spironolactone on proteinuria and kidney function in patients with chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 2006, 70:2116-2123.
    • (2006) Kidney Int , vol.70 , pp. 2116-2123
    • Bianchi, S.1    Bigazzi, R.2    Campese, V.M.3
  • 43
    • 47949092803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Telmisartan, ramipril, or both in patients at high risk of vascular events
    • Buchner N., Banas B., Kramer B.K. Telmisartan, ramipril, or both in patients at high risk of vascular events. N Engl J Med 2008, 359:426.
    • (2008) N Engl J Med , vol.359 , pp. 426
    • Buchner, N.1    Banas, B.2    Kramer, B.K.3
  • 44
    • 33745188045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combination therapy with an angiotensin receptor blocker and an ACE inhibitor in proteinuric renal disease: a systematic review of the efficacy and safety data
    • MacKinnon M., Shurraw S., Akbari A., Knoll G.A., Jaffey J., Clark H.D. Combination therapy with an angiotensin receptor blocker and an ACE inhibitor in proteinuric renal disease: a systematic review of the efficacy and safety data. Am J Kidney Dis 2006, 48:8-20.
    • (2006) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.48 , pp. 8-20
    • MacKinnon, M.1    Shurraw, S.2    Akbari, A.3    Knoll, G.A.4    Jaffey, J.5    Clark, H.D.6
  • 45
    • 84869492851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiorenal end points in a trial of aliskiren for type 2 diabetes
    • Parving H.H., Brenner B.M., McMurray J.J., et al. Cardiorenal end points in a trial of aliskiren for type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2012, 367:2204-2213.
    • (2012) N Engl J Med , vol.367 , pp. 2204-2213
    • Parving, H.H.1    Brenner, B.M.2    McMurray, J.J.3
  • 46
    • 49149087718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal outcomes with telmisartan, ramipril, or both, in people at high vascular risk (the ONTARGET study): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, controlled trial
    • Mann J.F., Schmieder R.E., McQueen M., et al. Renal outcomes with telmisartan, ramipril, or both, in people at high vascular risk (the ONTARGET study): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, controlled trial. Lancet 2008, 372:547-553.
    • (2008) Lancet , vol.372 , pp. 547-553
    • Mann, J.F.1    Schmieder, R.E.2    McQueen, M.3
  • 47
    • 3042819708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines on hypertension and antihypertensive agents in chronic kidney disease
    • S1-290.
    • K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines on hypertension and antihypertensive agents in chronic kidney disease. Am J Kidney Dis. 2004;43 Suppl 1:S1-290.
    • (2004) Am J Kidney Dis. , vol.43 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
  • 48
    • 28744446343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ACC/AHA 2005 guideline update for the diagnosis and management of chronic heart failure in the adult: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Update the 2001 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure): developed in collaboration with the American College of Chest Physicians and the Interna
    • Hunt S.A., Abraham W.T., Chin M.H., et al. ACC/AHA 2005 guideline update for the diagnosis and management of chronic heart failure in the adult: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Update the 2001 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure): developed in collaboration with the American College of Chest Physicians and the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society. Circulation 2005, 112:e154-e235.
    • (2005) Circulation , vol.112
    • Hunt, S.A.1    Abraham, W.T.2    Chin, M.H.3
  • 49
    • 33846550667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laboratory monitoring of potassium and creatinine in ambulatory patients receiving angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers
    • Raebel M.A., McClure D.L., Simon S.R., et al. Laboratory monitoring of potassium and creatinine in ambulatory patients receiving angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2007, 16:55-64.
    • (2007) Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf , vol.16 , pp. 55-64
    • Raebel, M.A.1    McClure, D.L.2    Simon, S.R.3
  • 50
    • 33847343880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laboratory evaluation of potassium and creatinine among ambulatory patients prescribed spironolactone: are we monitoring for hyperkalemia?
    • Raebel M.A., McClure D.L., Chan K.A., et al. Laboratory evaluation of potassium and creatinine among ambulatory patients prescribed spironolactone: are we monitoring for hyperkalemia?. Ann Pharmacother 2007, 41:193-200.
    • (2007) Ann Pharmacother , vol.41 , pp. 193-200
    • Raebel, M.A.1    McClure, D.L.2    Chan, K.A.3
  • 51
    • 77951206733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diabetes and drug-associated hyperkalemia: effect of potassium monitoring
    • Raebel M.A., Ross C., Xu S., et al. Diabetes and drug-associated hyperkalemia: effect of potassium monitoring. J Gen Intern Med 2010, 25:326-333.
    • (2010) J Gen Intern Med , vol.25 , pp. 326-333
    • Raebel, M.A.1    Ross, C.2    Xu, S.3
  • 52
    • 0042885922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperkalaemia in congestive heart failure patients using ACE inhibitors and spironolactone
    • Cruz C.S., Cruz A.A., Marcilio de Souza C.A. Hyperkalaemia in congestive heart failure patients using ACE inhibitors and spironolactone. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2003, 18:1814-1819.
    • (2003) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.18 , pp. 1814-1819
    • Cruz, C.S.1    Cruz, A.A.2    Marcilio de Souza, C.A.3
  • 53
    • 33644968901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum concentration of potassium in chronic heart failure patients administered spironolactone plus furosemide and either enalapril maleate, losartan potassium or candesartan cilexetil
    • Saito M., Takada M., Hirooka K., Isobe F., Yasumura Y. Serum concentration of potassium in chronic heart failure patients administered spironolactone plus furosemide and either enalapril maleate, losartan potassium or candesartan cilexetil. J Clin Pharm Ther 2005, 30:603-610.
    • (2005) J Clin Pharm Ther , vol.30 , pp. 603-610
    • Saito, M.1    Takada, M.2    Hirooka, K.3    Isobe, F.4    Yasumura, Y.5
  • 54
    • 33846368265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aldosterone antagonism in chronic kidney disease
    • Ponda M.P., Hostetter T.H. Aldosterone antagonism in chronic kidney disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2006, 1:668-677.
    • (2006) Clin J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.1 , pp. 668-677
    • Ponda, M.P.1    Hostetter, T.H.2
  • 55
    • 84869417804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: integrating evidence into clinical practice
    • Zannad F., Gattis S.W., Rossignol P., et al. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: integrating evidence into clinical practice. Eur Heart J 2012, 33:2782-2795.
    • (2012) Eur Heart J , vol.33 , pp. 2782-2795
    • Zannad, F.1    Gattis, S.W.2    Rossignol, P.3
  • 56
    • 78650399880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eplerenone in patients with systolic heart failure and mild symptoms
    • Zannad F., McMurray J.J., Krum H., et al. Eplerenone in patients with systolic heart failure and mild symptoms. N Engl J Med 2011, 364:11-21.
    • (2011) N Engl J Med , vol.364 , pp. 11-21
    • Zannad, F.1    McMurray, J.J.2    Krum, H.3
  • 57
    • 0033517302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study Investigators
    • Pitt B., Zannad F., Remme W.J., et al. The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study Investigators. N Engl J Med 1999, 341:709-717.
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.341 , pp. 709-717
    • Pitt, B.1    Zannad, F.2    Remme, W.J.3
  • 58
    • 0033735928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ACE inhibition or angiotensin receptor blockade: impact on potassium in renal failure. VAL-K Study Group
    • Bakris G.L., Siomos M., Richardson D., et al. ACE inhibition or angiotensin receptor blockade: impact on potassium in renal failure. VAL-K Study Group. Kidney Int 2000, 58:2084-2092.
    • (2000) Kidney Int , vol.58 , pp. 2084-2092
    • Bakris, G.L.1    Siomos, M.2    Richardson, D.3
  • 59
    • 0022587267 scopus 로고
    • Implications of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy
    • Zipser R.D., Henrich W.L. Implications of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy. Am J Med 1986, 80:78-84.
    • (1986) Am J Med , vol.80 , pp. 78-84
    • Zipser, R.D.1    Henrich, W.L.2
  • 60
    • 0029000397 scopus 로고
    • Heparin-induced aldosterone suppression and hyperkalemia
    • Oster J.R., Singer I., Fishman L.M. Heparin-induced aldosterone suppression and hyperkalemia. Am J Med 1995, 98:575-586.
    • (1995) Am J Med , vol.98 , pp. 575-586
    • Oster, J.R.1    Singer, I.2    Fishman, L.M.3
  • 61
    • 0029838121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperkalemia and digoxin toxicity in a patient with kidney failure
    • Fenton F., Smally A.J., Laut J. Hyperkalemia and digoxin toxicity in a patient with kidney failure. Ann Emerg Med 1996, 28:440-441.
    • (1996) Ann Emerg Med , vol.28 , pp. 440-441
    • Fenton, F.1    Smally, A.J.2    Laut, J.3
  • 62
    • 0032776811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trimethoprim-induced hyperkalemia: an analysis of reported cases
    • Marinella M.A. Trimethoprim-induced hyperkalemia: an analysis of reported cases. Gerontology 1999, 45:209-212.
    • (1999) Gerontology , vol.45 , pp. 209-212
    • Marinella, M.A.1
  • 63
    • 0006885602 scopus 로고
    • Factors affecting the toxicity of potassium
    • Winkler A.W., Hoff H.E., Smith P.K. Factors affecting the toxicity of potassium. Am J Physiol 1939, 127:430-435.
    • (1939) Am J Physiol , vol.127 , pp. 430-435
    • Winkler, A.W.1    Hoff, H.E.2    Smith, P.K.3
  • 64
    • 77952578454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ion-exchange resins for the treatment of hyperkalemia: are they safe and effective?
    • Sterns R.H., Rojas M., Bernstein P., Chennupati S. Ion-exchange resins for the treatment of hyperkalemia: are they safe and effective?. J Am Soc Nephrol 2010, 21:733-735.
    • (2010) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.21 , pp. 733-735
    • Sterns, R.H.1    Rojas, M.2    Bernstein, P.3    Chennupati, S.4
  • 65
    • 65649108915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intestinal necrosis due to sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) in sorbitol
    • McGowan C.E., Saha S., Chu G., Resnick M.B., Moss S.F. Intestinal necrosis due to sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) in sorbitol. South Med J 2009, 102:493-497.
    • (2009) South Med J , vol.102 , pp. 493-497
    • McGowan, C.E.1    Saha, S.2    Chu, G.3    Resnick, M.B.4    Moss, S.F.5
  • 66
    • 79953720277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of RLY5016, a polymeric potassium binder, in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study in patients with chronic heart failure (the PEARL-HF) trial
    • Pitt B., Anker S.D., Bushinsky D.A., Kitzman D.W., Zannad F., Huang I.Z. Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of RLY5016, a polymeric potassium binder, in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study in patients with chronic heart failure (the PEARL-HF) trial. Eur Heart J 2011, 32:820-828.
    • (2011) Eur Heart J , vol.32 , pp. 820-828
    • Pitt, B.1    Anker, S.D.2    Bushinsky, D.A.3    Kitzman, D.W.4    Zannad, F.5    Huang, I.Z.6
  • 68
    • 0032541831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal function and requirement for dialysis in chronic nephropathy patients on long-term ramipril: REIN follow-up trial. Gruppo Italiano di Studi Epidemiologici in Nefrologia (GISEN). Ramipril efficacy in nephropathy
    • Ruggenenti P., Perna A., Gherardi G., Gaspari F., Benini R., Remuzzi G. Renal function and requirement for dialysis in chronic nephropathy patients on long-term ramipril: REIN follow-up trial. Gruppo Italiano di Studi Epidemiologici in Nefrologia (GISEN). Ramipril efficacy in nephropathy. Lancet 1998, 352:1252-1256.
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.352 , pp. 1252-1256
    • Ruggenenti, P.1    Perna, A.2    Gherardi, G.3    Gaspari, F.4    Benini, R.5    Remuzzi, G.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.