Detrital zircon geochronology of the Grenville/Llano foreland and basal Sauk Sequence in west Texas, USA

Bulletin of the Geological Society of America

Volumn 126, Issue 7-8, 2014, Pages 1117-1128

  Spencer, Christopher J ^a   Prave, Anthony R ^a   Cawood, Peter A ^a   Roberts, Nick M W ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ST ANDREWS   (United Kingdom)

^b BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DEPOSITION; GALLIUM; GRANITE; LEAD; STRATIGRAPHY; ZIRCON;

CAMBRO-ORDOVICIAN; DEPOSITIONAL SETTING; DETRITAL ZIRCON AGE SPECTRUM; DRAINAGE PATTERNS; PROXIMAL AND DISTAL DEPOSITS; SEDIMENT DEPOSITION; SEDIMENTOLOGICAL DATA; TECTONIC HISTORY;

GEOCHRONOLOGY;

CAMBRIAN; DATA INTERPRETATION; DETRITAL DEPOSIT; FORELAND BASIN; GEOCHRONOLOGY; GRENVILLIAN OROGENY; PROTEROZOIC; PROVENANCE; SEDIMENTARY SEQUENCE; SEDIMENTOLOGY; SILICICLASTIC DEPOSIT; TRANSGRESSION; UPLIFT; URANIUM-LEAD DATING; ZIRCON;

LLANO UPLIFT; TEXAS; UNITED STATES;

CORYLUS AMERICANA;

EID: 84903907270     PISSN: 00167606     EISSN: 19432674     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1130/B30884.1     Document Type: Article

References (106)

1. Aleinikoff, J.N., Zartman, R.E., Walter, M., Rankin, D.W., Lyttle, T., and Burton, W.C., 1995, U-Pb ages of metarhyo lites of the Catoctin and Mount Rogers formations, central and southern Appalachians: Evidence for two pulses of Iapetan rifting: American Journal of Science, v. 295, p. 428-454.
2. Allen, P., and Allen, J., 2005, Basin Analysis: Principles and Applications: London, UK, Blackwell Publishing, 642 p.
3. Amato, J.M., and Mack, G.H., 2012, Detrital zircon geochronology from the Cambrian-Ordovician Bliss Sandstone, New Mexico: Evidence for contrasting Grenville-age and Cambrian sources on opposite sides of the Transcontinental Arch: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 124, p. 1826-1840, doi: 10 .1130 /B30657 .1 .
4. Armin, R., and Mayer, L., 1983, Subsidence analysis of the Cordilleran miogeocline: Implications for timing of late Proterozoic rifting and amount of extension: Geology, v. 11, p. 702-705, doi: 10 .1130 /0091 -7613 (1983)11 <702
5. Astini, R., 1995, The early Paleozoic evolution of the Argentine Precordillera as a Laurentian rifted, drifted, and collided terrane: A geodynamic model: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 107, p. 253-273, doi: 10 .1130 /0016 -7606 (1995)107 <0253: TEPEOT>2.3 .CO;2 .
6. Bally, A.W., 1989, Basins and subsidence-A summary, in Bally, A.W., Bender, P.L., McGetchin, T.R., and Walcott, R.I., eds., Geology of North America-An Overview: Boulder, Colorado, Geological Society of America, The Geology of North America, v. A, p. 397-446.
7. Baranoski, M.T., Dean, S.L., Wicks, J.L., and Brown, V.M., 2009, Unconformity-bounded seismic reflection sequences define Grenville-age rift system and foreland basins beneath the Phanerozoic in Ohio: Geosphere, v. 5, p. 140-151, doi: 10 .1130 /GES00202 .1 .
8. Bell, L.H., 1970, Depositional history of the Cambrian Flathead Sandstone, Park County, Wyoming, in Enyert, R.L., Wagner, R.L., Renfro, A.R., and Laraway, W.H., eds., Symposium on Wyoming sandstones: Their Economic Importance-Past, Present and Future; 22nd Annual Field Conference Guidebook: Wyoming Geological Association, p. 115-131.
9. Bickford, M., Soegaard, K., Nielsen, K.C., McLelland, J.M., 2000, Geology and geochronology of Grenville-age rocks in the Van Horn and Franklin Mountains area, west Texas: Implications for the tectonic evolution of Laurentia during the Grenville: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 112, p. 1134-1148, doi: 10 .1130 /0016 -7606 (2000)112 <1134: GAGOGR>2 .0 .CO;2 .
10. Bond, G.C., and Kominz, M.A., 1984, Construction of tectonic subsidence curves for the early Paleozoic miogeocline, southern Canadian Rocky Mountains: Implications for subsidence mechanisms, age of breakup, and crustal thinning: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 95, p. 155-173, doi: 10 .1130 /0016 -7606 (1984)95<155: COTSCF>2.0.CO;2.
11. Burgess, P., 2008, Phanerozoic evolution of the sedimentary cover of the North American craton, in Miall, A.D., ed., The Sedimentary Basins of the United States and Canada: Oxford, UK, Elsevier, Sedimentary Basins of the World, v. 5, p. 31-63, doi: 10 .1016 /S1874 -5997 (08)00002 -6 .
12. Burton, W., and Southworth, S., 2010, A model for Iapetan rifting of Laurentia based on Neoproterozoic dikes and related rocks, in Tollo, R.P., Bartholomew, M.J., Hibbard, J.P., and Karabinos, P.M., eds., From Rodinia to Pangea: The Lithotectonic Record of the Appalachian Region: Geological Society of America Memoir 206, p. 455-476, doi: 10 .1130 /2010 .1206 (20) .
13. Carr, S.D., Easton, R.M., Jamieson, R.A., and Culshaw, N.G., 2000, Geologic transect across the Grenville orogen of Ontario and New York: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 37, p. 193-216, doi: 10 .1139 /e99 -074 .
14. Cawood, P.A., and Pisarevsky, S.A., 2006, Was Baltica right-way-up or upside-down in the Neoproterozoic?: Journal of the Geological Society, v. 163, p. 753-759, doi: 10 .1144 /0016 -76492005 -126 .
15. Cawood, P., McCausland, P.J.A., Dunning, G.R., 2001, Opening Iapetus: Constraints from the Laurentian margin in Newfoundland: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 113, p. 443-453, doi: 10 .1130 /0016 -7606 (2001)113 <0443: OICFTL>2 .0 .CO;2 .
16. Cawood, P.A., Nemchin, A.A., Strachan, R., Prave, T., and Krabbendam, M., 2007, Sedimentary basin and detrital zircon record along East Laurentia and Baltica during assembly and breakup of Rodinia: Journal of the Geological Society, v. 164, p. 257-275, doi: 10 .1144 /0016 -76492006 -115 .
17. Chakraborty, S., Moecher, D.P., and Samson, S.D., 2012, Provenance of the Lower Ocoee Supergroup, eastern Great Smoky Mountains: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 124, p. 1278-1292, doi: 10 .1130 /B30578 .1 .
18. Chiarenzelli, J., Regan, S., Peck, W.H., Selleck, B.W., Cousens, B., Baird, G.B., and Shrady, C.H., 2010, Shawinigan arc magmatism in the Adirondack Lowlands as a consequence of closure of the Trans-Adirondack backarc basin: Geosphere, v. 6, p. 900-916, doi: 10 .1130 /GES00576 .1 .
19. Clemons, R.E., 1988, Geology of the Florida Mountains, southwestern New Mexico: New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources Memoir 43, 112 p.
20. Colpron, M., Logan, J.M., and Mortensen, J.K., 2002, U-Pb zircon age constraint for late Neoproterozoic rifting and initiation of the lower Paleozoic passive margin of western Laurentia: Canadian Journal of Earth Science, v. 39, p. 133-143.
21. Corsetti, F.A., and Kaufman, A.J., 2003, Stratigraphic investigations of carbon isotope anomalies and Neoproterozoic ice ages in Death Valley, California: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 115, p. 916-932, doi: 10 .1130 /B25066 .1 .
22. Dalziel, I., Dalla Salda, L., and Gahagan, L., 1994, Paleozoic Laurentia-Gondwana interaction and the origin of the Appalachian-Andean mountain system: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 106, p. 243-252, doi: 10 .1130 /0016 -7606 (1994)106 <0243: PLGIAT>2 .3 .CO;2 .
23. Dalziel, I., Mosher, S., and Gahagan, L., 2000, Laurentia- Kalahari collision and the assembly of Rodinia: The Journal of Geology, v. 108, p. 499-513, doi: 10 .1086 /314418 .
24. Davidson, D., 1980, Precambrian geology of the Van Horn area, Texas, in Dickerson, P.W., Hoffer, J.M., and Callender, J.M., eds., New Mexico Geological Society Guidebook, 31st Field Conference, p. 151-154.
25. Denison, R.E., 1980, Pre-Bliss (P€) Rocks in the Van Horn Region, Trans-Pecos Texas: New Mexico Geological Society Guidebook, 31st Field Conference, p. 155-158.
26. Ethington, R.L., and Clark, D.L., 1964, Conodonts from the El Paso Formation (Ordovician) of Texas and Arizona: Journal of Paleontology, v. 38, p. 685-704.
27. Farmer, G., Bowring, S., Matzel, J., Maldanado, G., Fedo, C., and Wooden, J., 2005, Paleoproterozoic Mojave province in northwestern Mexico? Isotopic and U-Pb zircon geochronologic studies of Precambrian and Cambrian crystalline and sedimentary rocks, Caborca, Sonora, in Anderson, T.H., Nourse, J.A., McKee, J.W., and Steiner, M.B., eds., The Mohave-Sonora Megashear Hypothesis: Development, Assessment, and Alternatives: Geological Society of America Special Paper 393, p. 183-198, doi: 10 .1130 /0 -8137 -2393 -0 .183 .
28. Fedo, C.M., and Cooper, J.D., 2001, Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of Neoproterozoic and Cambrian units across a craton-margin hinge zone, southeastern California, and implications for the early evolution of the Cordilleran margin: Sedimentary Geology, v. 141-142, p. 501-522, doi: 10 .1016 /S0037 -0738 (01)00088 -4 .
29. Finney, S., Peralta, S., Gehrels, G., and Marsaglia, K., 2005, The Early Paleozoic history of the Cuyania (greater Precordillera) terrane of western Argentina: Evidence from geochronology of detrital zircons from Middle Cambrian: Geologica Acta, v. 3, p. 339-354.
30. Gilbert, M., and Hogan, J., 2010, Our favorite outcrop: The striking but enigmatic granite-gabbro contact of the Wichita Mountains igneous province: The Journal of the Oklahoma Geological Society, v. 61, p. 130-134.
31. Gilluly, J., Palmer, A.R., Williams, J.S., and Reeside, J.B., 1956, General geology of central Cochise County, Arizona, with sections on age and correlation: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 281, 169 p.
32. Hadlari, T., Davis, W.J., Dewing, K., Heaman, L.M., Lemieux, Y., Ootes, L., Pratt, B.R., and Pyle, L.J., 2012, Two detrital zircon signatures for the Cambrian passive margin of northern Laurentia highlighted by new U-Pb results from northern Canada: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 124, p. 1155-1168, doi: 10 .1130 /B30530 .1 .
33. Hagadorn, J.W., Fedo, C.M., and Waggoner, B.M., 2000, Early Cambrian Ediacaran-type fossils from California: Journal of Paleontology, v. 74, p. 731-740, doi: 10 .1666 /0022 -3360 (2000)074 <0731: ECETFF>2 .0 .CO;2 .
34. Hames, W., Hogan, J., and Gilbert, M., 1995, Revised granite-gabbro age relationships, southern Oklahoma aulacogen: Basement Tectonics, v. 12, p. 247-249.
35. Harlan, S.S., Heaman, L., LeCheminant, A.N., and Premo, W.R., 2003, Gunbarrel mafic magmatic event: A key 780 Ma time marker for Rodinia plate reconstructions: Geology, v. 31, p. 1053-1056, doi: 10 .1130 /G19944 .1 .
36. Hayes, P., 1972, Stratigraphic nomenclature of Cambrian and Lower Ordovician Rocks of easternmost southern Arizona and adjacent westernmost New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1372-B, 32 p.
37. Heaman, L., and Grotzinger, J., 1992, 1.08 Ga diabase sills in the Pahrump Group, California: Implications for development of the Cordilleran miogeocline: Geology, v. 20, p. 637-640, doi: 10 .1130 /0091 -7613 (1992)020 <0637: GDSITP>2 .3 .CO;2 .
38. Hiess, J., Condon, D.J., McLean, N., and Noble, S.R., 2012, 238U/235U systematics in terrestrial uranium-bearing minerals: Science, v. 335, p. 1610-1614, doi: 10 .1126 /science .1215507 .
39. Hogan, E.G., Fedo, C.M., and Cooper, J.D., 2011, Reassessment of the basal Sauk supersequence boundary across the Laurentian craton-margin hinge zone, southeastern California: The Journal of Geology, v. 119, p. 661-685, doi: 10 .1086 /661990 .
40. Hogan, J.P., and Gilbert, M.C., 1998, The southern Oklahoma aulacogen: A Cambrian analog for Mid-Proterozoic AMCG (Anorthosite-Mangerite-Charnockite-Granite) complexes?, in Hogan, J.P., and Gilbert, M.C., eds., Basement Tectonics 12: Netherlands, Kluwer Academic Publishers, p. 39-78.
41. Hunt, D.L., 1990, Trilobite faunas and biostratigraphy of the Lower Cambrian Wood Canyon Formation, Death Valley region, California [M.S. thesis]: Davis, University of California, 140 p.
42. Hynes, A., and Rivers, T., 2010, Protracted continental collision- Evidence from the Grenville Orogen: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 47, p. 591-620, doi: 10 .1139 /E10 -003 .
43. Jackson, S.E., Pearson, N.J., Griffin, W.L., and Belousova, E.A., 2004, The application of laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry to in situ U-Pb zircon geochronology: Chemical Geology, v. 211, p. 47-69, doi: 10 .1016 /j .chemgeo .2004 .06 .017 .
44. Jacobs, J., Pisarevsky, S., Thomas, R.J., and Becker, T., 2008, The Kalahari Craton during the assembly and dispersal of Rodinia: Precambrian Research, v. 160, p. 142-158, doi: 10 .1016 /j .precamres .2007 .04 .022 .
45. Jefferson, C., and Parrish, R., 1989, Late Proterozoic stratigraphy, U/Pb zircon ages and rift tectonics, Mackenzie Mountains, northwestern Canada: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 26, p. 1784-1801, doi: 10 .1139 /e89 -151 .
46. Jones, S.M., and Bacheller, W.D., 1953, Measured sections near Dos Cabezas, Arizona, in Kottlowski, F.E., ed., Guidebook of Southwestern New Mexico, p. 149.
47. Karlstrom, K.E., and Bowring, S.A., 1993, Proterozoic orogenic history in Arizona, in Reed, J.C., Jr., et al., eds., Precambrian: Conterminous U.S.: Boulder, Colorado, Geological Society of America, Geology of North America, v. C-2, p. 188-211.
48. Karlstrom, K.E., Bowring, S.A., Dehler, C.M., Knoll, A.H., Porter, S.M., Des Marais, D.J., Weil, A.B., Sharp, Z.D., Geissman, J.W., Elrick, M.B., Timmons, J.M., Crossey, L.J., and Davidek, K.L., 2000, Chuar Group of the Grand Canyon: Record of breakup of Rodinia, associated change in the global carbon cycle, and ecosystem expansion by 740 Ma: Geology, v. 28, p. 619-622, doi: 10 .1130 /0091 -7613 (2000)28 <619: CGOTGC>2 .0 .CO;2 .
49. Keller, G., and Stephenson, R., 2007, The Southern Oklahoma and Dniepr-Donets aulacogens: A comparative analysis, in Hatcher, R.D., Jr., Carlson, M.P., McBride, J.H., and Martinez Catalán, J.R., eds., 4-D Framework of Continental Crust: Geological Society of America Memoir 200, p. 127-143, doi: 10 .1130 /2007 .1200 (08) .
50. King, P.B., and Flawn, P.T., 1953, Geology and mineral deposits of pre-Cambrian rocks of the Van Horn area, Texas: Austin, University of Texas Publication 5301, 218 p.
51. Kominz, M., 1995, Thermally subsiding basins and the insulating effect of sediment with application to the Cambro- Ordovician Great Basin sequence, western USA: Basin Research, v. 7, p. 221-233, doi: 10 .1111 /j .1365 -2117 .1995 .tb00107 .x
52. Lambert, D.D., Unruh, D.M., and Gilbert, M.C., 1988, Rb- Sr and Sm-Nd isotopic study of the Glen Mountains layered complex: Initiation of rifting within the southern Oklahoma aulacogen: Geology, v. 16, p. 13-17, doi: 10 .1130 /0091 -7613 (1988)016 <0013: RSASNI>2 .3 .CO;2 .
53. Larson, E.E., Patterson, P.E., Curtis, C., Drake, R., and Mutschler, F.E., 1985, Petrologic, paleomagnetic, and structural evidence of a Paleozoic rift system in Oklahoma, New Mexico, Colorado, and Utah: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 96, p. 1364-1372, doi: 10 .1130 /0016 -7606 (1985)96 <1364: PPASEO>2 .0 .CO;2 .
54. Leetaru, H.E., and McBride, J.H., 2009, Reservoir uncertainty, Precambrian topography, and carbon sequestration in the Mt. Simon Sandstone, Illinois Basin: Environmental Geosciences, v. 16, p. 235-243, doi: 10 .1306 /eg .04210909006 .
55. LeMone, D., 1969, Lower Paleozoic rocks in the El Paso area: New Mexico Geological Society Guidebook, 20th Field Conference, p. 145-162.
56. Levy, M., and Christie-Blick, N., 1991, Tectonic subsidence of the early Paleozoic passive continental margin in eastern California and southern Nevada: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 103, p. 1590-1606, doi: 10 .1130 /0016 -7606 (1991)103 <1590: TSOTEP>2.3 .CO;2 .
57. Li, Z.X., Bogdanova, S.V., Collins, A.S., Davidson, A., De Waele, B., Ernst, R.E., Fitzsimons, I.C.W., Fuck, R.A., Gladkochub, D.P., Jacobs, J., Karlstrom, K.E., Lu, S., Natapov, L.M., Pease, V., Pisarevsky, S.A., Thrane, K., and Vernikovsky, V., 2008, Assembly, configuration, and break-up history of Rodinia: A synthesis: Precambrian Research, v. 160, p. 179-210, doi: 10 .1016 /j .precamres .2007 .04 .021 .
58. Ludwig, K., 2003, Isoplot/Ex version 3.00: A geochronological toolkit for Microsoft Excel: Berkeley, California, Berkeley Geochronology Center.
59. Macdonald, F., Prave, A., Petterson, R., Smith, E., Pruss, S., Oates, K., Waechter, F., Trotzuk, D., and Fallick, A., 2013, The Laurentian record of Neoproterozoic glaciation, tectonism, and eukaryotic evolution in Death Valley, California: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 125, p. 1203-1223, doi: 10 .1130 /B30789 .1 .
60. Mahon, R.C., Dehler, C.M., Link, P.K., Karlstrom, K.E., Gehrels, G.E., 2014, Geochronologic and stratigraphic constraints on the Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic Pahrump Group, Death Valley, California: Arecord of the assembly, stability, and breakup of Rodinia: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 126, p. 652-664, doi: 10 .1130 /B30956 .1 .
61. McConnell, D.A., and Gilbert, M.C., 1990, Cambrian extensional tectonics and magmatism within the Southern Oklahoma aulacogen: Tectonophysics, v. 174, p. 147-157, doi: 10 .1016 /0040 -1951 (90)90388 -O .
62. McGowen, J., and Groat, C., 1971, Van Horn Sandstone, west Texas: An alluvial fan model for mineral exploration: University of Texas at Austin, Bureau of Economic Geology, Report of Investigations 72, 57 p.
63. McMillan, N., and McLemore, V., 2004, Cambrian-Ordovician magmatism and extension in New Mexico and Colorado: New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Bulletin 160, p. 1-12.
64. Mosher, S., 1998, Tectonic evolution of the southern Laurentian Grenville orogenic belt: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 110, p. 1357-1375, doi: 10 .1130 /0016 -7606 (1998)110 <1357: TEOTSL>2 .3 .CO;2 .
65. Naipauer, M., Vujovich, G.I., Cingolani, C.A., and McClelland, W.C., 2010, Detrital zircon analysis from the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian sedimentary cover (Cuyania terrane), Sierra de Pie de Palo, Argentina: Evidence of a rift and passive margin system?: Journal of South American Earth Sciences, v. 29, p. 306-326, doi: 10 .1016 /j .jsames .2009 .10 .001 .
66. Peters, S.E., and Gaines, R.R., 2012, Formation of the "Great Unconformity" as a trigger for the Cambrian explosion: Nature, v. 484, p. 363-366, doi: 10 .1038 /nature10969 .
67. Poole, F., Perry, W., Jr., Madrid, R.J., and Amaya-Martinez, R., 2005, Tectonic synthesis of the Ouachita-Marathon- Sonora orogenic margin of southern Laurentia: Stratigraphic and structural implications for timing of deformational events and plate-tectonic model, in Ander son, T.H., Nourse, J.A., McKee, J.W., and Steiner, M.B., eds., The Mohave-Sonora Megashear Hypothesis: Development, Assessment, and Alternatives: Geological Society of America Special Paper 393, p. 543-596, doi: 10 .1130 /0 -8137 -2393 -0 .543 .
68. Prave, A., 1999, Two diamictites, two cap carbonates, two δ13C excursions, two rifts: The Neoproterozoic Kingston Peak Formation, Death Valley, California: Geology, v. 27, p. 339-342, doi: 10 .1130 /0091 -7613 (1999)027 <0339: TDTCCT>2 .3 .CO;2 .
69. Rainbird, R., Cawood, P.A., and Gehrels, G., 2012, The Great Grenvillian Sedimentation Episode: Record of Supercontinent Rodinia's Assembly, in Busby, C., and Azor, A., eds., Recent Advances in the Tectonics of Sedimentary Basins: Blackwell Publishing Ltd., p. 583-601.
70. Rankin, D., 1993, The volcanogenic Mount Rogers Formation and the overlying glaciogenic Konnarock Formation- Two late Proterozoic units in southwestern Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2029, 26 p.
71. Reuter, J., and Watts, D., 2004, An ancient river channel system incised on the Precambrian-Cambrian unconformity beneath Jackson County, Ohio: AAPG Bulletin, v. 88, p. 1041-1047, doi: 10 .1306 /02240403066 .
72. Rivers, T., 1997, Lithotectonic elements of the Grenville province: Review and tectonic implications: Precambrian Research, v. 26, p. 409-420.
73. Rose, E.C., 2006, Nonmarine aspects of the Cambrian Tonto Group of the Grand Canyon, USA, and broader implications: Palaeoworld, v. 15, p. 223-241, doi: 10 .1016 /j .palwor .2006 .10 .008 .
74. Roths, P.J., 1993, Geochemical and geochronological studies of the Grenville-age (1,250-1,000 Ma) Allamoore and Hazel Formations, Hudspeth and Culberson counties, west Texas, in Soegaard, K., et al., eds., Precambrian Geology of the Franklin Mountains and Van Horn Area, Trans-Pecos Texas: Dallas, Texas, Geological Society of America South Central Section, University of Texas, p. 11-35.
75. Santos, J., Hartmann, L., McNaughton, N., Easton, R., Rea, R., and Potter, P., 2002, Sensitive high resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) detrital zircon geochronology provides new evidence for a hidden Neoproterozoic foreland basin to the Grenville: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 39, p. 1505-1515, doi: 10 .1139 /e02 -052 .
76. Schoene, B., Crowley, J.L., Condon, D.J., Schmitz, M.D., and Bowring, S.A., 2006, Reassessing the uranium decay constants for geochronology using ID-TIMS U-Pb data: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 70, p. 426-445, doi: 10 .1016 /j .gca .2005 .09 .007 .
77. Seeley, J., 1999, Studies of the Proterozoic tectonic evolution of the southwestern United States [Ph.D. thesis]: El Paso, University of Texas, 321 p.
78. Seeley, J.M., 1997, Stratigraphy and depositional environments of the Middle Proterozoic Lanoria Formation, Franklin Mountains, West Texas (abs.), in Proceedings, Geological Society of America, Rocky Mountain-South Central Joint Section Meeting: El Paso, Texas, Texas A&M University, 268 p.
79. Shannon, W., Barens, C., and Bickford, M., 1997, Grenville magmatism in west Texas: Petrology and geochemistry of the Red Bluff granitic suite: Journal of Petrology, v. 38, p. 1279-1305, doi: 10 .1093 /petroj /38 .10 .1279 .
80. Slagstad, T., Culshaw, N.G., Daly, J.S., and Jamieson, R.A., 2009, Western Grenville Province holds key to midcontinental Granite-Rhyolite Province enigma: Terra Nova, v. 21, p. 181-187, doi: 10 .1111 /j .1365 -3121 .2009 .00871 .x .
81. Sloss, L., 1963, Sequences in the cratonic interior of North America: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 74, p. 93-114, doi: 10 .1130 /0016 -7606 (1963)74 [93: SITCIO]2 .0 .CO;2 .
82. Soegaard, K., and Callahan, D., 1994, Late Middle Proterozoic Hazel Formation near Van Horn, Trans-Pecos Texas: Evidence for transpressive deformation in Grenvillian basement: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 106, p. 413-423, doi: 10 .1130 /0016 -7606 (1994)106 <0413: LMPHFN>2 .3 .CO;2 .
83. Sour-Tovar, F., Hagadorn, J., and Huitron-Rubio, T., 2007, Ediacaran and Cambrian index fossils from Sonora, Mexico: Paleontology, v. 50, p. 169-175, doi: 10 .1111 /j .1475 -4983 .2006 .00619 .x .
84. Southworth, S., Bailey, C.M., Eaton, L.S., Hancock, G., Lamoreaux, M.H., Litwin, R.J., Burton, W.C., and Whitten, J., 2009, Geology of the Shenandoah National Park Region: Guidebook for 39th Annual Virginia Geological Field Conference (October 2-3, 2009), 40 p.
85. Spencer, C.J., Hoiland, C.W., Harris, R.A., Link, P.K., and Balgord, E.A., 2012, Constraining the timing and provenance of the Neoproterozoic Little Willow and Big Cottonwood Formations, Utah: Expanding the sedimentary record for early rifting of Rodinia: Precambrian Research, v. 204-205, p. 57-65, doi: 10 .1016 /j .precamres .2012 .02 .009 .
86. Stewart, J., 2005, Evidence for Mojave-Sonora megashear- Systematic left-lateral offset of Neoproterozoic to Lower Jurassic strata and facies, western United States and northwestern Mexico, in Anderson, T.H., Nourse, J.A., McKee, J.W., and Steiner, M.B., eds., The Mohave- Sonora Megashear Hypothesis: Development, Assessment, and Alternatives: Geological Society of America Special Paper 393, p. 209-231, doi: 10 .1130 /0 -8137 -2393 -0 .209 .
87. Stewart, J., Gehrels, G., Barth, A., Link, P., Christite-Blick, N., and Wrucke, C., 2001, Detrital zircon provenance of Mesoproterozoic to Cambrian arenites in the western United States and northwestern Mexico: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 112, p. 1343-1356, doi: 10 .1130 /0016 -7606 (2001)113 <1343: DZPOMT>2.0 .CO;2 .
88. Stewart, J.H., Amaya-Martinez, R., and Palmer, A.R., 2002, Neoproterozoic and Cambrian strata of Sonora, Mexico: Rodinian supercontinent to Laurentian Cordilleran margin, in Barth, A., ed., Contributions to Crustal Evolution of the Southwestern United States: Geological Society of America Special Paper 365, p. 5-20, doi: 10 .1130 /0 -8137 -2365 -5 .5 .
89. Stoeser, D., Green, G., Morath, L., Heran, W., Wilson, A., Moore, D., and Van Gosen, B., 2007, Preliminary integrated geologic map databases for the United States: Central States: Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, Iowa, Missouri, Arkansas, and Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1351, version 1.0, http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1351.
90. Su, Q., Goldberg, S., and Fullagar, P., 1994, Precise U-Pb zircon ages of Neoproterozoic plutons in the southern Appalachian Blue Ridge and their implications for the rifting of Laurentia: Precambrian Research, v. 68, p. 81-95, doi: 10 .1016 /0301 -9268 (94)90066 -3 .
91. Taylor, J.F., Myrow, P.M., Ripperdan, R.L., Loch, J.D., and Ethington, R.L., 2004, Paleoceanographic events and faunal crises recorded in the Upper Cambrian and Lower Ordovician of west Texas and southern New Mexico, in Nelson, E.P., and Erslev, E.A., eds., Field Trips in the Southern Rocky Mountains, USA: Geological Society of America Field Guide 5, p. 167-183, doi: 10 .1130 /0 -8137 -0005 -1 .167 .
92. Thomann, W., 1981, Ignimbrites, trachytes, and sedimentary rocks of the Precambrian Thunderbird Group, Franklin Mountains, El Paso, Texas: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 92, p. 94-100, doi: 10 .1130 /0016 -7606 (1981)92 <94: ITASRO>2 .0 .CO;2 .
93. Thomas, R.J., Roberts, N.M.W., Jacobs, J., Bushi, A.M., Horstwood, M.S.A., and Mruma, A., 2013, Structural and geochronological constraints on the evolution of the eastern margin of the Tanzania Craton in the Mpwapwa area, central Tanzania: Precambrian Research, v. 224, p. 671-689, doi: 10.1016/j.precamres.2012.11.010.
94. Thomas, W., 1991, The Appalachian-Ouachita rifted margin of southeastern North America: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 103, p. 415-431, doi: 10 .1130 /0016 -7606 (1991)103 <0415: TAORMO>2 .3 .CO;2 .
95. Thomas, W., 2006, Tectonic inheritance at a continental margin: GSA Today, v. 16, no. 2, p. 4-10.
96. Thomas, W.A., Astini, R.A., 1999, Simple-shear conjugate rift margins of the Argentine Precordillera and the Ouachita embayment of Laurentia: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 111, p. 1069-1079, doi: 10.1130/0016-7606(1999)111<1069:SSCRMO>2.3 .CO;2.
97. Timmons, J.M., Karlstrom, K.E., Heizler, M.T., Bowring, S.A., Gehrels, G.E., and Crossey, L.J., 2005, Tectonic inferences from the ca. 1255-1100 Ma Unkar Group and Nankoweap Formation, Grand Canyon: Intracratonic deformation and basin formation during protracted Grenville orogenesis: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 117, p. 1573-1595, doi: 10 .1130 /B25538 .1 .
98. Tohver, E., Teixeira, W., Van der Pluijm, B., Geraldes, M.C., Bettencourt, J.S., and Rizzotto, G., 2006, Restored transect across the exhumed Grenville orogen of Laurentia and Amazonia, with implications for crustal architecture: Geology, v. 34, p. 669-672, doi: 10 .1130 /G22534 .1 .
99. Tollo, R.P., and Hutson, F.E., 1996, 700 Ma rift event in the Blue Ridge province of Virginia: A unique time constraint on pre-Iapetan rifting of Laurentia: Geology, v. 24, p. 59-62, doi: 10 .1130 /0091 -7613 (1996)024 <0059: MREITB> 2 .3 .CO;2 .
100. Tollo, R.P., Aleinikoff, J.N., Wooden, J.L., Mazdab, F.K., Southworth, S., and Fanning, C.M., 2010, Thermomagmatic evolution of Mesoproterozoic crust in the Blue Ridge of SW Virginia and NW North Carolina: Evidence from U-Pb geochronology and zircon geothermometry, in Tollo, R.P., Bartholomew, M.J., Hibbard, J.P., and Karabinos, P.M., eds., From Rodinia to Pangea: The Lithotectonic Record of the Appalachian Region: Geological Society of America Memoir 206, p. 859-896, doi: 10 .1130 /2010 .1206 (33) .
101. Tull, J.F., Allison, D.T., Whiting, S.E., and John, N.L., 2010, Southern Appalachian Laurentian margin initial drift-facies sequences, in Tollo, R.P., Bartholomew, M.J., Hibbard, J.P., and Karabinos, P.M., eds., From Rodinia to Pangea: The Lithotectonic Record of the Appalachian Region: Implications for margin evolution: Geological Society of America Memoir 206, p. 935-956, doi: 10 .1130 /2010 .1206 (36) .
102. Vermeesch, P., 2012, On the visualisation of detrital age distributions: Chemical Geology, v. 312-313, p. 190-194, doi: 10 .1016 /j .chemgeo .2012 .04 .021 .
103. Walker, J.D., Geissman, J.W., Bowring, S.A., and Babcock, L.E., compilers, 2012, Geologic Time Scale v. 4.0: Boulder, Colorado, Geological Society of America, doi: 10 .1130 /2012 .CTS004R3C .
104. Whitmeyer, S., and Karlstrom, K., 2007, Tectonic model for the Proterozoic growth of North America: Geosphere, v. 3, p. 220-259, doi: 10 .1130 /GES00055 .1 .
105. Wiedenbeck, M., Allé, P., Corfu, F., Griffin, W.L., Meier, M., Oberli, F., Von Quadt, A., Roddick, J.C., and Spiegel, W., 1995, Three natural zircon standards for U-Th-Pb, Lu-Hf, trace element, and REE analyses: Geostandards Newsletter, v. 19, p. 1-23, doi: 10 .1111 /j .1751 -908X .1995 .tb00147 .x .
106. Williams, H., and Hiscott, R., 1987, Definition of the Iapetus rift-drift transition in western Newfoundland: Geology, v. 15, p. 1044-1047, doi: 10 .1130 /0091 -7613 (1987)15 <1044: DOTLRT> 2 .0 .CO;2 .