메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 264, Issue 4, 2014, Pages 333-343

Cluster analysis of cognitive deficits may mark heterogeneity in schizophrenia in terms of outcome and response to treatment

Author keywords

Cognitive profiles; Functioning; Heterogeneity; Response to treatment; Schizophrenia

Indexed keywords

NEUROLEPTIC AGENT; OLANZAPINE;

EID: 84903610768     PISSN: 09401334     EISSN: 14338491     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00406-013-0463-7     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (50)

References (68)
  • 1
    • 80054848891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Translating biomarkers to clinical practice
    • Perlis RH (2011) Translating biomarkers to clinical practice. Mol Psychiatry 16:1076-1087
    • (2011) Mol Psychiatry , vol.16 , pp. 1076-1087
    • Perlis, R.H.1
  • 2
    • 79952317290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Schizophrenia, "just the facts" 6. Moving ahead with the schizophrenia concept: From the elephant to the mouse
    • Keshavan MS, Nasrallah HA, Tandon R (2011) Schizophrenia, "just the facts" 6. Moving ahead with the schizophrenia concept: from the elephant to the mouse. Schizophr Res 127:3-13
    • (2011) Schizophr Res , vol.127 , pp. 3-13
    • Keshavan, M.S.1    Nasrallah, H.A.2    Tandon, R.3
  • 3
    • 77953613795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elaboration on the early-onset hypothesis of antipsychotic drug action: Treatment response trajectories
    • Levine SZ, Leucht S (2010) Elaboration on the early-onset hypothesis of antipsychotic drug action: treatment response trajectories. Biol Psychiatry 68:86-92
    • (2010) Biol Psychiatry , vol.68 , pp. 86-92
    • Levine, S.Z.1    Leucht, S.2
  • 4
    • 77953183811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trajectories and antecedents of treatment response over time in early-episode psychosis
    • Levine SZ, Rabinowitz J (2010) Trajectories and antecedents of treatment response over time in early-episode psychosis. Schizophr Bull 36:624-632
    • (2010) Schizophr Bull , vol.36 , pp. 624-632
    • Levine, S.Z.1    Rabinowitz, J.2
  • 5
    • 84860838047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment response trajectories and antipsychotic medications: Examination of up to 18 months of treatment in the CATIE chronic schizophrenia trial
    • Levine SZ, Rabinowitz J, Faries D, Lawson AH, Ascher-Svanum H (2012) Treatment response trajectories and antipsychotic medications: examination of up to 18 months of treatment in the CATIE chronic schizophrenia trial. Schizophr Res 137(1-3):141-146
    • (2012) Schizophr Res , vol.137 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 141-146
    • Levine, S.Z.1    Rabinowitz, J.2    Faries, D.3    Lawson, A.H.4    Ascher-Svanum, H.5
  • 6
    • 26444464824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between duration of untreated psychosis and outcome in first-episode schizophrenia: A critical review and meta-analysis
    • DOI 10.1176/appi.ajp.162.10.1785
    • Perkins DO, Gu H, Boteva K, Lieberman JA (2005) Relationship between duration of untreated psychosis and outcome in first-episode schizophrenia: a critical review and meta-analysis. Am J Psychiatry 162:1785-1804 (Pubitemid 41428609)
    • (2005) American Journal of Psychiatry , vol.162 , Issue.10 , pp. 1785-1804
    • Perkins, D.O.1    Gu, H.2    Boteva, K.3    Lieberman, J.A.4
  • 7
    • 49049120797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Less unique variance than meets the eye: Overlap among traditional neuropsychological dimensions in schizophrenia
    • Dickinson D, Gold JM (2008) Less unique variance than meets the eye: overlap among traditional neuropsychological dimensions in schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 34:423-434
    • (2008) Schizophr Bull , vol.34 , pp. 423-434
    • Dickinson, D.1    Gold, J.M.2
  • 8
    • 0034029845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurocognitive deficits and functional outcome in schizophrenia: Are we measuring the 'right stuff'?
    • Green MF, Kern RS, Braff DL, Mintz J (2000) Neurocognitive deficits and functional outcome in schizophrenia: are we measuring the "right stuff"? Schizophr Bull 26:119-136 (Pubitemid 30317696)
    • (2000) Schizophrenia Bulletin , vol.26 , Issue.1 , pp. 119-136
    • Green, M.F.1    Kern, R.S.2    Braff, D.L.3    Mintz, J.4
  • 9
    • 0029918481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What are the functional consequences of neurocognitive deficits in schizophrenia?
    • Green MF (1996) What are the functional consequences of neurocognitive deficits in schizophrenia? Am J Psychiatry 153:321-330
    • (1996) Am J Psychiatry , vol.153 , pp. 321-330
    • Green, M.F.1
  • 10
    • 78649908087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between neurocognition and social cognition with functional outcomes in schizophrenia: A meta-analysis
    • Fett AK, Viechtbauer W, Dominguez MD, Penn DL, van Os J, Krabbendam L (2011) The relationship between neurocognition and social cognition with functional outcomes in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 35:573-588
    • (2011) Neurosci Biobehav Rev , vol.35 , pp. 573-588
    • Fett, A.K.1    Viechtbauer, W.2    Dominguez, M.D.3    Penn, D.L.4    Van Os, J.5    Krabbendam, L.6
  • 12
    • 14844321950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictive values of neurocognition and negative symptoms on functional outcome in schizophrenia: A longitudinal first-episode study with 7-year follow-up
    • DOI 10.1176/appi.ajp.162.3.495
    • Milev P, Ho BC, Arndt S, Andreasen NC (2005) Predictive values of neurocognition and negative symptoms on functional outcome in schizophrenia: a longitudinal first-episode study with 7-year follow-up. Am J Psychiatry 162:495-506 (Pubitemid 40343916)
    • (2005) American Journal of Psychiatry , vol.162 , Issue.3 , pp. 495-506
    • Milev, P.1    Ho, B.-C.2    Arndt, S.3    Andreasen, N.C.4
  • 13
    • 77951977865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Memory profiles in schizophrenia: Categorization validity and stability
    • Bell MD, Johannesen JK, Greig TC, Wexler BE (2010) Memory profiles in schizophrenia: categorization validity and stability. Schizophr Res 118:26-33
    • (2010) Schizophr Res , vol.118 , pp. 26-33
    • Bell, M.D.1    Johannesen, J.K.2    Greig, T.C.3    Wexler, B.E.4
  • 14
    • 77955593692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Iq subtypes in schizophrenia: Distinct symptom and neuropsychological profiles
    • Potter AI, Nestor PG (2010) Iq subtypes in schizophrenia: distinct symptom and neuropsychological profiles. J Nerv Ment Dis 198:580-585
    • (2010) J Nerv Ment Dis , vol.198 , pp. 580-585
    • Potter, A.I.1    Nestor, P.G.2
  • 16
    • 77954229336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Processing speed deficits in schizophrenia: Reexamining the evidence
    • Knowles EE, David AS, Reichenberg A (2010) Processing speed deficits in schizophrenia: reexamining the evidence. Am J Psychiatry 167:828-835
    • (2010) Am J Psychiatry , vol.167 , pp. 828-835
    • Knowles, E.E.1    David, A.S.2    Reichenberg, A.3
  • 17
    • 78951487298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognition at illness onset as a predictor of later functional outcome in early psychosis: Systematic review and methodological critique
    • Allott K, Liu P, Proffitt TM, Killackey E (2011) Cognition at illness onset as a predictor of later functional outcome in early psychosis: systematic review and methodological critique. Schizophr Res 125:221-235
    • (2011) Schizophr Res , vol.125 , pp. 221-235
    • Allott, K.1    Liu, P.2    Proffitt, T.M.3    Killackey, E.4
  • 20
    • 34848841776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive predictors of symptom change for participants in vocational rehabilitation
    • DOI 10.1016/j.schres.2007.08.010, PII S0920996407003672
    • Bell MD, Tsang HW, Greig T, Bryson G (2007) Cognitive predictors of symptom change for participants in vocational rehabilitation. Schizophr Res 96(1-3):162-168 (Pubitemid 47494648)
    • (2007) Schizophrenia Research , vol.96 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 162-168
    • Bell, M.D.1    Tsang, H.W.H.2    Greig, T.3    Bryson, G.4
  • 21
    • 0035288315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sources of Heterogeneity in Schizophrenia: The Role of Neuropsychological Functioning
    • DOI 10.1023/A:1009013718684
    • Seaton BE, Goldstein G, Allen DN (2001) Sources of heterogeneity in schizophrenia: the role of neuropsychological functioning. Neuropsychol Rev 11:45-67 (Pubitemid 33635921)
    • (2001) Neuropsychology Review , vol.11 , Issue.1 , pp. 45-67
    • Seaton, B.E.1    Goldstein, G.2    Allen, D.N.3
  • 22
    • 0032565610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychological correlates of negative, disorganized and psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia
    • DOI 10.1016/S0920-9964(98)00023-1, PII S0920996498000231
    • Basso MR, Nasrallah HA, Olson SC, Bornstein RA (1998) Neuropsychological correlates of negative, disorganized and psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 31:99-111 (Pubitemid 28307950)
    • (1998) Schizophrenia Research , vol.31 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 99-111
    • Basso, M.R.1    Nasrallah, H.A.2    Olson, S.C.3    Bornstein, R.A.4
  • 27
    • 0036933304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychological profiles delineate distinct profiles of schizophrenia, an interaction between memory and executive function, and uneven distribution of clinical subtypes
    • DOI 10.1076/jcen.24.6.765.8402
    • Hill SK, Ragland JD, Gur RC, Gur RE (2002) Neuropsychological profiles delineate distinct profiles of schizophrenia, an interaction between memory and executive function, and uneven distribution of clinical subtypes. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 24:765-780 (Pubitemid 36042855)
    • (2002) Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology , vol.24 , Issue.6 , pp. 765-780
    • Hill, S.K.1    Ragland, J.D.2    Gur, R.C.3    Gur, R.E.4
  • 28
    • 4944248060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterogeneity of schizophrenia: A study of individual neuropsychological profiles
    • DOI 10.1016/j.schres.2004.02.022, PII S0920996404000854
    • Kremen WS, Seidman LJ, Faraone SV, Toomey R, Tsuang MT (2004) Heterogeneity of schizophrenia: a study of individual neuropsychological profiles. Schizophr Res 71:307-321 (Pubitemid 39330508)
    • (2004) Schizophrenia Research , vol.71 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 307-321
    • Kremen, W.S.1    Seidman, L.J.2    Faraone, S.V.3    Toomey, R.4    Tsuang, M.T.5
  • 29
    • 77955057243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An investigation of 3 neurocognitive subtypes in schizophrenia
    • Ammari N, Heinrichs RW, Miles AA (2010) An investigation of 3 neurocognitive subtypes in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 121:32-38
    • (2010) Schizophr Res , vol.121 , pp. 32-38
    • Ammari, N.1    Heinrichs, R.W.2    Miles, A.A.3
  • 30
    • 84858748095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding the executive functioning heterogeneity in schizophrenia
    • Raffard S, Bayard S (2012) Understanding the executive functioning heterogeneity in schizophrenia. Brain Cogn 79:60-69
    • (2012) Brain Cogn , vol.79 , pp. 60-69
    • Raffard, S.1    Bayard, S.2
  • 31
    • 84862308907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive deficits in schizophrenia: An updated metanalysis of the scientific evidence
    • Fioravanti M, Bianchi V, Cinti ME (2012) Cognitive deficits in schizophrenia: an updated metanalysis of the scientific evidence. BMC Psychiatry 12:64
    • (2012) BMC Psychiatry , vol.12 , pp. 64
    • Fioravanti, M.1    Bianchi, V.2    Cinti, M.E.3
  • 33
    • 79955713698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Verbal and visual memory impairments among young offspring and healthy adult relatives of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: Selective generational patterns indicate different developmental trajectories
    • Maziade M, Rouleau N, Merette C, Cellard C, Battaglia M, Marino C, Jomphe V, Gilbert E, Achim A, Bouchard RH, Paccalet T, Paradis ME, Roy MA (2011) Verbal and visual memory impairments among young offspring and healthy adult relatives of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: selective generational patterns indicate different developmental trajectories. Schizophr Bull 37:1218-1228
    • (2011) Schizophr Bull , vol.37 , pp. 1218-1228
    • Maziade, M.1    Rouleau, N.2    Merette, C.3    Cellard, C.4    Battaglia, M.5    Marino, C.6    Jomphe, V.7    Gilbert, E.8    Achim, A.9    Bouchard, R.H.10    Paccalet, T.11    Paradis, M.E.12    Roy, M.A.13
  • 35
    • 0036249748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for early-childhood, pan-developmental impairment specific to schizophreniform disorder: Results from a longitudinal birth cohort
    • Cannon M, Caspi A, Moffitt TE, Harrington H, Taylor A, Murray RM, Poulton R (2002) Evidence for early-childhood, pan-developmental impairment specific to schizophreniform disorder: results from a longitudinal birth cohort. Arch Gen Psychiatry 59:449-456 (Pubitemid 34477681)
    • (2002) Archives of General Psychiatry , vol.59 , Issue.5 , pp. 449-456
    • Cannon, M.1    Caspi, A.2    Moffitt, T.E.3    Harrington, H.4    Taylor, A.5    Murray, R.M.6    Poulton, R.7
  • 38
    • 0028171814 scopus 로고
    • Child developmental risk factors for adult schizophrenia in the British 1946 birth cohort
    • DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(94)90569-X
    • Jones P, Rodgers B, Murray R, Marmot M (1994) Child development risk factors for adult schizophrenia in the British 1946 birth cohort. Lancet 344:1398-1402 (Pubitemid 24365314)
    • (1994) Lancet , vol.344 , Issue.8934 , pp. 1398-1402
    • Jones, P.1    Rodgers, B.2    Murray, R.3    Marmot, M.4
  • 39
    • 34147142363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive function in childhood and early adulthood and hospital admission for schizophrenia and bipolar disorders in Danish men born in 1953
    • DOI 10.1016/j.schres.2007.01.009, PII S0920996407000618
    • Osler M, Lawlor DA, Nordentoft M (2007) Cognitive function in childhood and early adulthood and hospital admission for schizophrenia and bipolar disorders in Danish men born in 1953. Schizophr Res 92:132-141 (Pubitemid 46561225)
    • (2007) Schizophrenia Research , vol.92 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 132-141
    • Osler, M.1    Lawlor, D.A.2    Nordentoft, M.3
  • 40
    • 0033935478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood cognitive functioning in schizophrenia patients and their unaffected siblings: A prospective cohort study
    • Cannon TD, Bearden CE, Hollister JM, Rosso IM, Sanchez LE, Hadley T (2000) Childhood cognitive functioning in schizophrenia patients and their unaffected siblings: a prospective cohort study. Schizophr Bull 26:379-393 (Pubitemid 30423216)
    • (2000) Schizophrenia Bulletin , vol.26 , Issue.2 , pp. 379-393
    • Cannon, T.D.1    Bearden, C.E.2    Hollister, J.M.3    Rosso, I.M.4    Sanchez, L.E.5    Hadley, T.6
  • 41
    • 80054869378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive factor structure and invariance in people with schizophrenia, their unaffected siblings, and controls
    • Dickinson D, Goldberg TE, Gold JM, Elvevag B, Weinberger DR (2011) Cognitive factor structure and invariance in people with schizophrenia, their unaffected siblings, and controls. Schizophr Bull 37:1157-1167
    • (2011) Schizophr Bull , vol.37 , pp. 1157-1167
    • Dickinson, D.1    Goldberg, T.E.2    Gold, J.M.3    Elvevag, B.4    Weinberger, D.R.5
  • 43
    • 34447283562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factor analysis of neurocognitive tests in a large sample of schizophrenic probands, their siblings, and healthy controls
    • DOI 10.1016/j.schres.2006.12.031, PII S0920996407000308
    • Genderson MR, Dickinson D, Diaz-Asper CM, Egan MF, Weinberger DR, Goldberg TE (2007) Factor analysis of neurocognitive tests in a large sample of schizophrenic probands, their siblings, and healthy controls. Schizophr Res 94:231-239 (Pubitemid 47044871)
    • (2007) Schizophrenia Research , vol.94 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 231-239
    • Genderson, M.R.1    Dickinson, D.2    Diaz-Asper, C.M.3    Egan, M.F.4    Weinberger, D.R.5    Goldberg, T.E.6
  • 47
    • 0029096330 scopus 로고
    • Negative, psychoticism, and disorganized dimensions in patients with familial schizophrenia or bipolar disorder: Continuity and discontinuity between the major psychoses
    • Maziade M, Roy MA, Martinez M, Cliche D, Fournier JP, Garneau Y, Nicole L, Montgrain N, Dion C, Ponton AM (1995) Negative, psychoticism, and disorganized dimensions in patients with familial schizophrenia or bipolar disorder: continuity and discontinuity between the major psychoses. Am J Psychiatry 152:1458-1463
    • (1995) Am J Psychiatry , vol.152 , pp. 1458-1463
    • Maziade, M.1    Roy, M.A.2    Martinez, M.3    Cliche, D.4    Fournier, J.P.5    Garneau, Y.6    Nicole, L.7    Montgrain, N.8    Dion, C.9    Ponton, A.M.10
  • 51
    • 0016970988 scopus 로고
    • The global assessment scale. A procedure for measuring overall severity of psychiatric disturbance
    • Endicott J, Spitzer RL, Fleiss JL, Cohen J (1976) The global assessment scale. A procedure for measuring overall severity of psychiatric disturbance. Arch Gen Psychiatry 33:766-771
    • (1976) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.33 , pp. 766-771
    • Endicott, J.1    Spitzer, R.L.2    Fleiss, J.L.3    Cohen, J.4
  • 52
    • 77951949435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global assessment of functioning (GAF): Properties and frontier of current knowledge
    • Aas IH (2010) Global assessment of functioning (GAF): properties and frontier of current knowledge. Ann Gen Psychiatry 9:20
    • (2010) Ann Gen Psychiatry , vol.9 , pp. 20
    • Aas, I.H.1
  • 53
    • 34147095225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generalizability studies of the Global Assessment of Functioning-Split version
    • DOI 10.1016/j.comppsych.2006.03.008, PII S0010440X06000526
    • Pedersen G, Hagtvet KA, Karterud S (2007) Generalizability studies of the global assessment of functioning-split version. Compr Psychiatry 48:88-94 (Pubitemid 44826972)
    • (2007) Comprehensive Psychiatry , vol.48 , Issue.1 , pp. 88-94
    • Pedersen, G.1    Hagtvet, K.A.2    Karterud, S.3
  • 54
    • 0023606101 scopus 로고
    • The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia
    • Kay SR, Fiszbein A, Opler LA (1987) The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 13:261-276 (Pubitemid 18039085)
    • (1987) Schizophrenia Bulletin , vol.13 , Issue.2 , pp. 261-276
    • Kay, S.R.1    Fiszbein, A.2    Opler, L.A.3
  • 55
    • 0023919668 scopus 로고
    • Graphic representation of the life course of illness in patients with affective disorder
    • Post RM, Roy-Byrne PP, Uhde TW (1988) Graphic representation of the life course of illness in patients with affective disorder. Am J Psychiatry 145:844-848
    • (1988) Am J Psychiatry , vol.145 , pp. 844-848
    • Post, R.M.1    Roy-Byrne, P.P.2    Uhde, T.W.3
  • 58
    • 79952002657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trajectories of the course of schizophrenia: From progressive deterioration to amelioration over three decades
    • Levine SZ, Lurie I, Kohn R, Levav I (2011) Trajectories of the course of schizophrenia: from progressive deterioration to amelioration over three decades. Schizophr Res 126:184-191
    • (2011) Schizophr Res , vol.126 , pp. 184-191
    • Levine, S.Z.1    Lurie, I.2    Kohn, R.3    Levav, I.4
  • 60
    • 33845870419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deconstructing schizophrenia: An overview of the use of endophenotypes in order to understand a complex disorder
    • DOI 10.1093/schbul/sbl049
    • Braff DL, Freedman R, Schork NJ, Gottesman I (2007) Deconstructing schizophrenia: an overview of the use of endophenotypes in order to understand a complex disorder. Schizophr Bull 33:21-32 (Pubitemid 46026257)
    • (2007) Schizophrenia Bulletin , vol.33 , Issue.1 , pp. 21-32
    • Braff, D.L.1    Freedman, R.2    Schork, N.J.3    Gottesman, I.I.4
  • 61
    • 77955149396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment response trajectories and their antecedents in recentonset psychosis: A 2-year prospective study
    • Levine SZ, Rabinowitz J, Case M, Ascher-Svanum H (2010) Treatment response trajectories and their antecedents in recentonset psychosis: a 2-year prospective study. J Clin Psychopharmacol 30:446-449
    • (2010) J Clin Psychopharmacol , vol.30 , pp. 446-449
    • Levine, S.Z.1    Rabinowitz, J.2    Case, M.3    Ascher-Svanum, H.4
  • 62
    • 79960329069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trajectories of response to treatment with atypical antipsychotic medication in patients with schizophrenia pooled from 6 double-blind, randomized clinical trials
    • Stauffer V, Case M, Kollack-Walker S, Ascher-Svanum H, Ball T, Kapur S, Kinon BJ (2011) Trajectories of response to treatment with atypical antipsychotic medication in patients with schizophrenia pooled from 6 double-blind, randomized clinical trials. Schizophr Res 130:11-19
    • (2011) Schizophr Res , vol.130 , pp. 11-19
    • Stauffer, V.1    Case, M.2    Kollack-Walker, S.3    Ascher-Svanum, H.4    Ball, T.5    Kapur, S.6    Kinon, B.J.7
  • 63
    • 84860406767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deficits in social cognition: A marker for psychiatric disorders?
    • Derntl B, Habel U (2011) Deficits in social cognition: a marker for psychiatric disorders? Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 261(Suppl 2):S145-S149
    • (2011) Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci , vol.261 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Derntl, B.1    Habel, U.2
  • 66
    • 81955164245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortical thickness in neuropsychologically near-normal schizophrenia
    • Cobia DJ, Csernansky JG, Wang L (2011) Cortical thickness in neuropsychologically near-normal schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 133:68-76
    • (2011) Schizophr Res , vol.133 , pp. 68-76
    • Cobia, D.J.1    Csernansky, J.G.2    Wang, L.3
  • 68
    • 0023476175 scopus 로고
    • The 1981 socioeconomic index for occupations in Canada
    • Blishen BR, Carroll WK, Moore C (1987) The 1981 socioeconomic index for occupations in Canada. Can Rev Soc Anthrop 24:465-488
    • (1987) Can Rev Soc Anthrop , vol.24 , pp. 465-488
    • Blishen, B.R.1    Carroll, W.K.2    Moore, C.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.