메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 40, Issue 4, 2014, Pages 856-867

Neurocognitive functioning of individuals with Schizophrenia: Using and not using drugs

Author keywords

cannabis; cognitive function; comorbidity; illicit drugs; psychosis; schizophrenia

Indexed keywords

CANNABIS; COCAINE; METHAMPHETAMINE;

EID: 84902585008     PISSN: 05867614     EISSN: 17451701     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbt099     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (28)

References (102)
  • 1
    • 80054063840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Substance use in persons with schizophrenia: Incidence, baseline correlates, and effects on outcome
    • Stroup ST, Liberman JA, eds. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press;
    • Reimherr F, Swartz M, Olsen J. Substance use in persons with schizophrenia: incidence, baseline correlates, and effects on outcome. In: Stroup ST, Liberman JA, eds. Antipsychotic Trials in Schizophrenia. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press; 2010: 189-206.
    • (2010) Antipsychotic Trials in Schizophrenia , pp. 189-206
    • Reimherr, F.1    Swartz, M.2    Olsen, J.3
  • 2
    • 84902575348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurocognition
    • Stroup ST, Liberman JA, eds. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press;
    • Keefe RS. Neurocognition. In: Stroup ST, Liberman JA, eds. Antipsychotic Trials in Schizophrenia. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press; 2010: 189-206.
    • (2010) Antipsychotic Trials in Schizophrenia , pp. 189-206
    • Keefe, R.S.1
  • 3
    • 80054785554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of substance abusing patients with comorbid psychiatric disorders
    • Kelly TM, Daley DC, Douaihy AB. Treatment of substance abusing patients with comorbid psychiatric disorders. Addict Behav. 2012;37:11-24.
    • (2012) Addict Behav. , vol.37 , pp. 11-24
    • Kelly, T.M.1    Daley, D.C.2    Douaihy, A.B.3
  • 4
    • 0025226205 scopus 로고
    • Comorbidity of mental disorders with alcohol and other drug abuse. Results from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) Study
    • Regier DA, Farmer ME, Rae DS, et al. Comorbidity of mental disorders with alcohol and other drug abuse. Results from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) Study. JAMA. 1990;264:2511-2518.
    • (1990) JAMA. , vol.264 , pp. 2511-2518
    • Regier, D.A.1    Farmer, M.E.2    Rae, D.S.3
  • 5
    • 65349174015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Substance use disorders in schizophrenia-clinical implications of comorbidity
    • Volkow ND. Substance use disorders in schizophrenia-clinical implications of comorbidity. Schizophr Bull. 2009;35:469-472.
    • (2009) Schizophr Bull. , vol.35 , pp. 469-472
    • Volkow, N.D.1
  • 6
    • 33645104040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Substance use in persons with schizophrenia: Baseline prevalence and correlates from the NIMH CATIE study
    • Swartz MS, Wagner HR, Swanson J W, et al. Substance use in persons with schizophrenia: baseline prevalence and correlates from the NIMH CATIE study. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2006;194:164-172.
    • (2006) J Nerv Ment Dis. , vol.194 , pp. 164-172
    • Swartz, M.S.1    Wagner, H.R.2    Swanson, J.W.3
  • 7
    • 0035016857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association between psychosis and problematical drug use among Australian adults: Fnd-ings from the National Survey of Mental Health and Well-Being
    • Degenhardt L, Hall W. The association between psychosis and problematical drug use among Australian adults: fnd-ings from the National Survey of Mental Health and Well-Being. Psychol Med. 2001;31:659-668.
    • (2001) Psychol Med. , vol.31 , pp. 659-668
    • Degenhardt, L.1    Hall, W.2
  • 8
    • 0036247507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Substance misuse in patients with schizophrenia: Epidemiology and management
    • Kavanagh DJ, McGrath J, Saunders JB, Dore G, Clark D. Substance misuse in patients with schizophrenia: epidemiology and management. Drugs. 2002;62:743-755.
    • (2002) Drugs. , vol.62 , pp. 743-755
    • Kavanagh, D.J.1    McGrath, J.2    Saunders, J.B.3    Dore, G.4    Clark, D.5
  • 9
    • 0346786361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demographic and clinical correlates of comorbid substance use disorders in psychosis: Multivariate analyses from an epidemiological sample
    • Kavanagh DJ, Waghorn G, Jenner L, et al. Demographic and clinical correlates of comorbid substance use disorders in psychosis: multivariate analyses from an epidemiological sample. Schizophr Res. 2004;66:115-124.
    • (2004) Schizophr Res. , vol.66 , pp. 115-124
    • Kavanagh, D.J.1    Waghorn, G.2    Jenner, L.3
  • 10
    • 15744367366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defning a cognitive function decrement in schizophrenia
    • Keefe RS, Eesley CE, Poe M P. Defning a cognitive function decrement in schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry. 2005;57:688-691.
    • (2005) Biol Psychiatry , vol.57 , pp. 688-691
    • Keefe, R.S.1    Eesley, C.E.2    Poe, M.P.3
  • 11
    • 0030745593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is it possible to be schizophrenic yet neuropsychologically normal?
    • Palmer BW, Heaton RK, Paulsen JS, et al. Is it possible to be schizophrenic yet neuropsychologically normal? Neuropsychology. 1997;11:437-446.
    • (1997) Neuropsychology. , vol.11 , pp. 437-446
    • Palmer, B.W.1    Heaton, R.K.2    Paulsen, J.S.3
  • 12
    • 77954142064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabis use disorders in schizophrenia: Effects in cognition and symptoms
    • DeRosse AK, Burdick K, Lencz T, Malhotra A. Cannabis use disorders in schizophrenia: effects in cognition and symptoms. Schizophr Res. 2010;120:95-100.
    • (2010) Schizophr Res. , vol.120 , pp. 95-100
    • Derosse, A.K.1    Burdick, K.2    Lencz, T.3    Malhotra, A.4
  • 13
    • 77954144961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabis use and cognition in schizophrenia
    • Lø berg EM, Hugdahl K. Cannabis use and cognition in schizophrenia. Front Hum Neurosci. 2009; 3: 53.
    • (2009) Front Hum Neurosci. , vol.3 , pp. 53
    • Løberg, E.M.1    Hugdahl, K.2
  • 14
    • 7544244277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal studies of cognition and functional outcome in schizophrenia: Implications for MATRICS
    • Green MF, Kern RS, Heaton RK. Longitudinal studies of cognition and functional outcome in schizophrenia: implications for MATRICS. Schizophr Res. 2004;72:41-51.
    • (2004) Schizophr Res. , vol.72 , pp. 41-51
    • Green, M.F.1    Kern, R.S.2    Heaton, R.K.3
  • 15
    • 0032835294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral and intellectual markers for schizophrenia in apparently healthy male adolescents
    • Davidson M, Reichenberg A, Rabinowitz J, Weiser M, Kaplan Z, Mark M. Behavioral and intellectual markers for schizophrenia in apparently healthy male adolescents. Am J Psychiatry. 1999;156:1328-1335.
    • (1999) Am J Psychiatry , vol.156 , pp. 1328-1335
    • Davidson, M.1    Reichenberg, A.2    Rabinowitz, J.3    Weiser, M.4    Kaplan, Z.5    Mark, M.6
  • 16
    • 28544433166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elaboration on premorbid intellectual performance in schizophrenia: Pre-morbid intellectual decline and risk for schizophrenia
    • Reichenberg A, Weiser M, Rapp MA, et al. Elaboration on premorbid intellectual performance in schizophrenia: pre-morbid intellectual decline and risk for schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2005;62:1297-1304.
    • (2005) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.62 , pp. 1297-1304
    • Reichenberg, A.1    Weiser, M.2    Rapp, M.A.3
  • 17
    • 0036300451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal assessment of premorbid cognitive functioning in patients with schizophrenia through examination of standardized
    • scholastic test performance.
    • Fuller R, Nopoulos P, Arndt S, O'Leary D, Ho BC, Andreasen NC. Longitudinal assessment of premorbid cognitive functioning in patients with schizophrenia through examination of standardized scholastic test performance. Am J Psychiatry. 2002;159:1183-1189.
    • (2002) Am J Psychiatry , vol.159 , pp. 1183-1189
    • Fuller, R.1    Nopoulos, P.2    Arndt, S.3    O'Leary, D.4    Ho, B.C.5    Andreasen, N.C.6
  • 18
    • 0025373449 scopus 로고
    • Acute effects of drug abuse in schizophrenic patients: Clinical observations and patients' self-reports
    • Dixon L, Haas G, Weiden P, Sweeney J, Frances A. Acute effects of drug abuse in schizophrenic patients: clinical observations and patients' self-reports. Schizophr Bull. 1990;16:69-79.
    • (1990) Schizophr Bull. , vol.16 , pp. 69-79
    • Dixon, L.1    Haas, G.2    Weiden, P.3    Sweeney, J.4    Frances, A.5
  • 19
    • 0033105779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dual diagnosis of substance abuse in schizophrenia: Prevalence and impact on outcomes
    • Dixon L. Dual diagnosis of substance abuse in schizophrenia: prevalence and impact on outcomes. Schizophr Res. 1999;35 (suppl):S93-100.
    • (1999) Schizophr Res. , vol.35 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Dixon, L.1
  • 20
    • 0029072904 scopus 로고
    • Predicting the "revolving door" phenomenon among patients with schizophrenic, schizoaffective, and affective disorders
    • Haywood TW, Kravitz HM, Grossman LS, Cavanaugh JL Jr, Davis JM, Lewis DA. Predicting the "revolving door" phenomenon among patients with schizophrenic, schizoaffective, and affective disorders. Am J Psychiatry. 1995;152:856-861.
    • (1995) Am J Psychiatry , vol.152 , pp. 856-861
    • Haywood, T.W.1    Kravitz, H.M.2    Grossman, L.S.3    Cavanaugh, Jr.J.L.4    Davis, J.M.5    Lewis, D.A.6
  • 21
    • 0031931103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Violence and severe mental illness: The effects of substance abuse and nonadherence to medication
    • Swartz MS, Swanson JW, Hiday VA, Borum R, Wagner HR, Burns BJ. Violence and severe mental illness: the effects of substance abuse and nonadherence to medication. Am J Psychiatry. 1998;155:226-231.
    • (1998) Am J Psychiatry , vol.155 , pp. 226-231
    • Swartz, M.S.1    Swanson, J.W.2    Hiday, V.A.3    Borum, R.4    Wagner, H.R.5    Burns, B.J.6
  • 23
    • 0030915060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Violence and severe mental disorder in clinical and community populations: The effects of psychotic symptoms, comorbidity, and lack of treatment
    • Swanson J, Estroff S, Swartz M, et al. Violence and severe mental disorder in clinical and community populations: the effects of psychotic symptoms, comorbidity, and lack of treatment. Psychiatry. 1997;60:1-22.
    • (1997) Psychiatry , vol.60 , pp. 1-22
    • Swanson, J.1    Estroff, S.2    Swartz, M.3
  • 24
    • 0035672215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent victimization in women and men with severe mental illness: Prevalence and correlates
    • Goodman LA, Salyers MP, Mueser KT, et al.; 5 Site Health and Risk Study Research Committee. Recent victimization in women and men with severe mental illness: prevalence and correlates. J Trauma Stress. 2001;14:615-632.
    • (2001) J Trauma Stress. , vol.14 , pp. 615-632
    • Goodman, L.A.1    Salyers, M.P.2    Mueser, K.T.3
  • 25
    • 0038779307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlates of substance use disorder among psychiatric outpatients: Focus on cognition, social role functioning, and psychiatric status
    • Carey KB, Carey MP, Simons JS. Correlates of substance use disorder among psychiatric outpatients: focus on cognition, social role functioning, and psychiatric status. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2003;191:300-308.
    • (2003) J Nerv Ment Dis. , vol.191 , pp. 300-308
    • Carey, K.B.1    Carey, M.P.2    Simons, J.S.3
  • 26
    • 13844271410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurocognitive functioning and quality of life among dually diagnosed and non-substance abusing schizophrenia inpatients
    • Herman M. Neurocognitive functioning and quality of life among dually diagnosed and non-substance abusing schizophrenia inpatients. Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2004;13: 282-291.
    • (2004) Int J Ment Health Nurs. , vol.13 , pp. 282-291
    • Herman, M.1
  • 27
    • 84857224965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of previous drug abuse on neurocognitive function in schizophrenia
    • Løberg EM, Jøgensen HA, Hugdahl K. The effects of previous drug abuse on neurocognitive function in schizophrenia. J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2003;9:172.
    • (2003) J Int Neuropsychol Soc. , vol.9 , pp. 172
    • Løberg, E.M.1    Jøgensen, H.A.2    Hugdahl, K.3
  • 28
    • 84857227167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lower neurocogni-tive vulnerability in schizophrenia with a history of cannabis abuse?
    • Løberg EM, Hugdahl K, Jøgensen HA. Lower neurocogni-tive vulnerability in schizophrenia with a history of cannabis abuse? Schizophr Res. 2008;98:73.
    • (2008) Schizophr Res. , vol.98 , pp. 73
    • Løberg, E.M.1    Hugdahl, K.2    Jøgensen, H.A.3
  • 29
    • 34147150110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response inhibition and cognitive fexibility in schizophrenia with and without comorbid substance use disorder
    • Thoma P, Wiebel B, Daum I. Response inhibition and cognitive fexibility in schizophrenia with and without comorbid substance use disorder. Schizophr Res. 2007;92:168-180.
    • (2007) Schizophr Res. , vol.92 , pp. 168-180
    • Thoma, P.1    Wiebel, B.2    Daum, I.3
  • 30
    • 58249137542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fewer neurological soft signs among frst episode psychosis patients with heavy cannabis use
    • Ruiz-Veguilla M, Gurpegui M, Barrigón ML, et al. Fewer neurological soft signs among frst episode psychosis patients with heavy cannabis use. Schizophr Res. 2009;107:158-164.
    • (2009) Schizophr Res. , vol.107 , pp. 158-164
    • Ruiz-Veguilla, M.1    Gurpegui, M.2    Barrigón, M.L.3
  • 31
    • 0042829439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug abuse and/or dependence and better neuropsychological performance in patients with schizophrenia
    • Joyal CC, Hallé P, Lapierre D, Hodgins S. Drug abuse and/or dependence and better neuropsychological performance in patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res. 2003;63: 297-299.
    • (2003) Schizophr Res. , vol.63 , pp. 297-299
    • Joyal, C.C.1    Hallé, P.2    Lapierre, D.3    Hodgins, S.4
  • 32
    • 26044435138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CANTAB explicit memory is less impaired in addicted schizophrenia patients
    • Potvin S, Briand C, Prouteau A, et al. CANTAB explicit memory is less impaired in addicted schizophrenia patients. Brain Cogn. 2005;59:38-42.
    • (2005) Brain Cogn. , vol.59 , pp. 38-42
    • Potvin, S.1    Briand, C.2    Prouteau, A.3
  • 33
    • 16844375314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabis use prior to frst onset psychosis predicts spared neurocognition at 10-year follow-up
    • Stirling J, Lewis S, Hopkins R, White C. Cannabis use prior to frst onset psychosis predicts spared neurocognition at 10-year follow-up. Schizophr Res. 2005;75:135-137.
    • (2005) Schizophr Res. , vol.75 , pp. 135-137
    • Stirling, J.1    Lewis, S.2    Hopkins, R.3    White, C.4
  • 34
    • 33750609373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Substance misuse and cognitive functioning in early psychosis: A 2 year follow-up
    • McCleery A, Addington J, Addington D. Substance misuse and cognitive functioning in early psychosis: a 2 year follow-up. Schizophr Res. 2006;88:187-191.
    • (2006) Schizophr Res. , vol.88 , pp. 187-191
    • McCleery, A.1    Addington, J.2    Addington, D.3
  • 36
    • 34249741613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabis induces different cognitive changes in schizophrenic patients and in healthy controls
    • Jockers-Scherübl MC, Wolf T, Radzei N, et al. Cannabis induces different cognitive changes in schizophrenic patients and in healthy controls. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2007;31:1054-1063.
    • (2007) Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry , vol.31 , pp. 1054-1063
    • Jockers-Scherübl, M.C.1    Wolf, T.2    Radzei, N.3
  • 37
    • 39849101201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contradictory cognitive capacities among substance-abusing patients with schizophrenia: A meta-analysis
    • Potvin S, Joyal CC, Pelletier J, Stip E. Contradictory cognitive capacities among substance-abusing patients with schizophrenia: a meta-analysis. Schizophr Res. 2008;100: 242-251.
    • (2008) Schizophr Res. , vol.100 , pp. 242-251
    • Potvin, S.1    Joyal, C.C.2    Pelletier, J.3    Stip, E.4
  • 38
    • 79955463764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of cannabis use on neurocognition in schizophrenia: A meta-analysis
    • Rabin RA, Zakzanis KK, George T P. The effects of cannabis use on neurocognition in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis. Schizophr Res. 2011;128:111-116.
    • (2011) Schizophr Res. , vol.128 , pp. 111-116
    • Rabin, R.A.1    Zakzanis, K.K.2    George, T.P.3
  • 39
    • 84857572453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of cannabis use on cognitive functioning in patients with schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of existing fndings and new data in a frst-episode sample
    • Yücel M, Bora E, Lubman DI, et al. The impact of cannabis use on cognitive functioning in patients with schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of existing fndings and new data in a frst-episode sample. Schizophr Bull. 2012;38:316-330.
    • (2012) Schizophr Bull. , vol.38 , pp. 316-330
    • Yücel, M.1    Bora, E.2    Lubman, D.I.3
  • 40
    • 0031093183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Substance abuse and cognitive functioning in schizophrenia
    • Addington J, Addington D. Substance abuse and cognitive functioning in schizophrenia. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 1997;22:99-104.
    • (1997) J Psychiatry Neurosci. , vol.22 , pp. 99-104
    • Addington, J.1    Addington, D.2
  • 41
    • 79955478859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabis use and neu-ropsychological performance in healthy individuals and patients with schizophrenia
    • Scholes KE, Martin-Iverson MT. Cannabis use and neu-ropsychological performance in healthy individuals and patients with schizophrenia. Psychol Med. 2009;17:1-12.
    • (2009) Psychol Med. , vol.17 , pp. 1-12
    • Scholes, K.E.1    Martin-Iverson, M.T.2
  • 42
    • 0037221559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Substance use and cognition in early psychosis
    • Pencer A, Addington J. Substance use and cognition in early psychosis. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2003;28:48-54.
    • (2003) J Psychiatry Neurosci. , vol.28 , pp. 48-54
    • Pencer, A.1    Addington, J.2
  • 43
    • 34147123094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Iowa gambling task in schizophrenia: A review and new data in patients with schizophrenia and co-occurring cannabis use disorders
    • Sevy S, Burdick KE, Visweswaraiah H, et al. Iowa gambling task in schizophrenia: a review and new data in patients with schizophrenia and co-occurring cannabis use disorders. Schizophr Res. 2007;92:74-84.
    • (2007) Schizophr Res. , vol.92 , pp. 74-84
    • Sevy, S.1    Burdick, K.E.2    Visweswaraiah, H.3
  • 44
    • 48749111080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabis abuse is associated with decision-making impairment among frst-episode patients with schizophrenia-spectrum psychosis
    • Mata I, Rodríguez-Sánchez JM, Pelayo-Terán JM, et al. Cannabis abuse is associated with decision-making impairment among frst-episode patients with schizophrenia-spectrum psychosis. Psychol Med. 2008;38:1257-1266.
    • (2008) Psychol Med. , vol.38 , pp. 1257-1266
    • Mata, I.1    Rodríguez-Sánchez, J.M.2    Pelayo-Terán, J.M.3
  • 45
    • 77957112078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opposite relationships between cannabis use and neurocognitive functioning in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia
    • Ringen PA, Vaskinn A, Sundet K, et al. Opposite relationships between cannabis use and neurocognitive functioning in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Psychol Med. 2010;40:1337-1347.
    • (2010) Psychol Med. , vol.40 , pp. 1337-1347
    • Ringen, P.A.1    Vaskinn, A.2    Sundet, K.3
  • 47
    • 0033735480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurocognitive functioning in recently abstinent, cocaine-abusing schizophrenic patients
    • Serper MR, Copersino ML, Richarme D, Vadhan N, Cancro R. Neurocognitive functioning in recently abstinent, cocaine-abusing schizophrenic patients. J Subst Abuse. 2000;11:205-213.
    • (2000) J Subst Abuse. , vol.11 , pp. 205-213
    • Serper, M.R.1    Copersino, M.L.2    Richarme, D.3    Vadhan, N.4    Cancro, R.5
  • 49
    • 44549087417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blunted psychotomimetic and amnestic effects of delta-9-tet- rahydrocannabinol in frequent users of cannabis
    • D'Souza DC, Ranganathan M, Braley G, et al. Blunted psychotomimetic and amnestic effects of delta-9-tet-rahydrocannabinol in frequent users of cannabis. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2008;33:2505-2516.
    • (2008) Neuropsychopharmacology. , vol.33 , pp. 2505-2516
    • D'Souza, D.C.1    Ranganathan, M.2    Braley, G.3
  • 50
    • 0029924547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of crack cocaine on neurocognitive function
    • Hoff AL, Riordan H, Morris L, et al. Effects of crack cocaine on neurocognitive function. Psychiatry Res. 1996;60:167-176.
    • (1996) Psychiatry Res. , vol.60 , pp. 167-176
    • Hoff, A.L.1    Riordan, H.2    Morris, L.3
  • 52
    • 78650154703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rate of cannabis use disorders in clinical samples of patients with schizophrenia: A meta-analysis
    • Koskinen J, Löhönen J, Koponen H, Isohanni M, Miettunen J. Rate of cannabis use disorders in clinical samples of patients with schizophrenia: a meta-analysis. Schizophr Bull. 2010;36:1115-1130.
    • (2010) Schizophr Bull. , vol.36 , pp. 1115-1130
    • Koskinen, J.1    Löhönen, J.2    Koponen, H.3    Isohanni, M.4    Miettunen, J.5
  • 53
    • 84902591456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabis use and risk of psychotic or affective mental health outcomes: A systematic review
    • Moore TH, Zammit S, Lingford-Hughes A, et al. Cannabis use and risk of psychotic or affective mental health outcomes: A systematic review. Lancet. 2007;363:1579-1588.
    • (2007) Lancet. , vol.363 , pp. 1579-1588
    • Moore, T.H.1    Zammit, S.2    Lingford-Hughes, A.3
  • 54
    • 0030137822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The defcit syndrome in the DSM-IV Field Trial: I. Alcohol and other drug abuse
    • Kirkpatrick B, Amador XF, Flaum M, et al. The defcit syndrome in the DSM-IV Field Trial: I. Alcohol and other drug abuse. Schizophr Res. 1996;20:69-77.
    • (1996) Schizophr Res. , vol.20 , pp. 69-77
    • Kirkpatrick, B.1    Amador, X.F.2    Flaum, M.3
  • 55
    • 0035280908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social functioning, psychopa-thology, and medication side effects in relation to substance use and abuse in schizophrenia
    • Salyers MP, Mueser KT. Social functioning, psychopa-thology, and medication side effects in relation to substance use and abuse in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res. 2001;48:109-123.
    • (2001) Schizophr Res. , vol.48 , pp. 109-123
    • Salyers, M.P.1    Mueser, K.T.2
  • 57
    • 25144456112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs in patients with chronic schizophrenia
    • Lieberman JA, Stroup TS, McEvoy JP, et al.; Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) Investigators. Effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs in patients with chronic schizophrenia. N Engl J Med. 2005;353: 1209-1223.
    • (2005) N Engl J Med. , vol.353 , pp. 1209-1223
    • Lieberman, J.A.1    Stroup, T.S.2    McEvoy, J.P.3
  • 58
    • 33746039741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Baseline neu-rocognitive defcits in the CATIE schizophrenia trial
    • Keefe RS, Bilder RM, Harvey PD, et al. Baseline neu-rocognitive defcits in the CATIE schizophrenia trial. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2006;31:2033-2046.
    • (2006) Neuropsychopharmacology. , vol.31 , pp. 2033-2046
    • Keefe, R.S.1    Bilder, R.M.2    Harvey, P.D.3
  • 59
    • 0038448311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The National Institute of Mental Health Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) project: Schizophrenia trial design and protocol development
    • Stroup TS, McEvoy JP, Swartz MS, et al. The National Institute of Mental Health Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) project: schizophrenia trial design and protocol development. Schizophr Bull. 2003;29:15-31.
    • (2003) Schizophr Bull. , vol.29 , pp. 15-31
    • Stroup, T.S.1    McEvoy, J.P.2    Swartz, M.S.3
  • 61
    • 4444220908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Approaching a consensus cognitive battery for clinical trials in schizophrenia: The NIMH-MATRICS conference to select cognitive domains and test criteria
    • Green MF, Nuechterlein KH, Gold JM, et al. Approaching a consensus cognitive battery for clinical trials in schizophrenia: the NIMH-MATRICS conference to select cognitive domains and test criteria. Biol Psychiatry. 2004;56:301-307.
    • (2004) Biol Psychiatry , vol.56 , pp. 301-307
    • Green, M.F.1    Nuechterlein, K.H.2    Gold, J.M.3
  • 62
    • 40949097635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery, part 1: Test selection, reliability, and validity
    • Nuechterlein KH, Green MF, Kern RS, et al. The MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery, part 1: test selection, reliability, and validity. Am J Psychiatry. 2008;165:203-213.
    • (2008) Am J Psychiatry , vol.165 , pp. 203-213
    • Nuechterlein, K.H.1    Green, M.F.2    Kern, R.S.3
  • 66
    • 0037755259 scopus 로고
    • Lafeyette Instrument Company. Lafayette IN: Lafayette Instrument Company
    • Lafeyette Instrument Company. Grooved Pegboard Instruction Manual (Model 32025). Lafayette, IN: Lafayette Instrument Company; 1989.
    • (1989) Grooved Pegboard Instruction Manual (Model 32025)
  • 69
    • 0025890255 scopus 로고
    • The Hopkins Verbal Learning Test: Development of a new verbal memory test with six equivalent forms
    • Brandt J. The Hopkins Verbal Learning Test: Development of a new verbal memory test with six equivalent forms. Clin Neuropsychol. 1991;5:125-142.
    • (1991) Clin Neuropsychol. , vol.5 , pp. 125-142
    • Brandt, J.1
  • 70
    • 0023790621 scopus 로고
    • The Continuous Performance Test, identical pairs version (CPT-IP): I. New fndings about sustained attention in normal families
    • Cornblatt BA, Risch NJ, Faris G, Friedman D, Erlenmeyer-Kimling L. The Continuous Performance Test, identical pairs version (CPT-IP): I. New fndings about sustained attention in normal families. Psychiatry Res. 1988;26:223-238.
    • (1988) Psychiatry Res. , vol.26 , pp. 223-238
    • Cornblatt, B.A.1    Risch, N.J.2    Faris, G.3    Friedman, D.4    Erlenmeyer-Kimling, L.5
  • 73
    • 33746494025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • State of the art in hair analysis for detection of drug and alcohol abuse
    • Pragst F, Balikova MA. State of the art in hair analysis for detection of drug and alcohol abuse. Clin Chim Acta. 2006;370:17-49.
    • (2006) Clin Chim Acta. , vol.370 , pp. 17-49
    • Pragst, F.1    Balikova, M.A.2
  • 74
    • 0023606101 scopus 로고
    • The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia
    • Kay SR, Fiszbein A, Opler LA. The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 1987;13:261-276.
    • (1987) Schizophr Bull. , vol.13 , pp. 261-276
    • Kay, S.R.1    Fiszbein, A.2    Opler, L.A.3
  • 75
    • 0000238671 scopus 로고
    • ECDEU Assessment Manual for Psychopharma-cology-Revised
    • Rockville, MD: National Institute of Mental Health;
    • Guy W. ECDEU Assessment Manual for Psychopharma-cology-Revised. Clinical Global Impressions. Rockville, MD: National Institute of Mental Health; 1976.
    • (1976) Clinical Global Impressions
    • Guy, W.1
  • 79
    • 0035971441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A fve-year followup study of defcit and nondefcit schizophrenia
    • Tek C, Kirkpatrick B, Buchanan RW. A fve-year followup study of defcit and nondefcit schizophrenia. Schizophr Res. 2001;49:253-260.
    • (2001) Schizophr Res. , vol.49 , pp. 253-260
    • Tek, C.1    Kirkpatrick, B.2    Buchanan, R.W.3
  • 81
    • 0026740071 scopus 로고
    • The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Reliability, comparability, and predictive validity
    • Bell M, Milstein R, Beam-Goulet J, Lysaker P, Cicchetti D. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Reliability, comparability, and predictive validity. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1992;180:723-728.
    • (1992) J Nerv Ment Dis. , vol.180 , pp. 723-728
    • Bell, M.1    Milstein, R.2    Beam-Goulet, J.3    Lysaker, P.4    Cicchetti, D.5
  • 82
    • 0033710773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strategies for switching from conventional antipsy-chotic drugs or risperidone to olanzapine
    • Kinon BJ, Basson BR, Gilmore JA, Malcolm S, Stauffer VL. Strategies for switching from conventional antipsy-chotic drugs or risperidone to olanzapine. J Clin Psychiatry. 2000;61:833-840.
    • (2000) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.61 , pp. 833-840
    • Kinon, B.J.1    Basson, B.R.2    Gilmore, J.A.3    Malcolm, S.4    Stauffer, V.L.5
  • 83
    • 0035141860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Olanzapine plasma concentrations and clinical response: Acute phase results of the North American Olanzapine Trial
    • Perry PJ, Lund BC, Sanger T, Beasley C. Olanzapine plasma concentrations and clinical response: acute phase results of the North American Olanzapine Trial. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2001;21:14-20.
    • (2001) J Clin Psychopharmacol. , vol.21 , pp. 14-20
    • Perry, P.J.1    Lund, B.C.2    Sanger, T.3    Beasley, C.4
  • 84
    • 0037505200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Clinical Global Impression-Schizophrenia Scale: A simple instrument to measure diversity of symptoms present in schizophrenia
    • Haro JM, Kamath SA, Ochoa S. The Clinical Global Impression-Schizophrenia Scale: a simple instrument to measure diversity of symptoms present in schizophrenia. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2003;107:16-23.
    • (2003) Acta Psychiatr Scand. , vol.107 , pp. 16-23
    • Haro, J.M.1    Kamath, S.A.2    Ochoa, S.3
  • 85
    • 0038266756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chlorpromazine equivalent doses for the newer atypical antipsychotics
    • Woods S W. Chlorpromazine equivalent doses for the newer atypical antipsychotics. J Clin Psychiatry. 2003;64: 663-667.
    • (2003) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.64 , pp. 663-667
    • Woods, S.W.1
  • 86
    • 0031614053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Translating research into practice: The Schizophrenia Patient Outcomes Research Team (PORT) treatment recommendations
    • Lehman AF, Steinwachs DM. Translating research into practice: the Schizophrenia Patient Outcomes Research Team (PORT) treatment recommendations. Schizophr Bull. 1998;24:1-10.
    • (1998) Schizophr Bull. , vol.24 , pp. 1-10
    • Lehman, A.F.1    Steinwachs, D.M.2
  • 87
    • 33645762226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A sharper Bonferroni procedure for multiple tests of signifcance
    • Hochberg Y. A sharper Bonferroni procedure for multiple tests of signifcance. Biometrika. 1998;75:800-803.
    • (1998) Biometrika. , vol.75 , pp. 800-803
    • Hochberg, Y.1
  • 88
    • 84863304598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • R Development Core Team Vienna Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing Accessed December 22, 2012
    • R Development Core Team. R: A Language and Environ ment for Statistical Computing. (Version 2.15.0) Computer Software. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2012. http://softwaretopic.informer.com/development- core-team-2009/. Accessed December 22, 2012.
    • (2012) R: A Language and Environ Ment for Statistical Computing. (Version 2.15.0) Computer Software
  • 90
    • 77957661358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impulsivity-related brain volume defcits in schizophrenia-addiction comorbidity
    • Schiffer B, Müller BW, Scherbaum N, et al. Impulsivity-related brain volume defcits in schizophrenia-addiction comorbidity. Brain. 2010;133:3093-3103.
    • (2010) Brain. , vol.133 , pp. 3093-3103
    • Schiffer, B.1    Müller, B.W.2    Scherbaum, N.3
  • 91
    • 0442304543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabinoid "model" psychosis, dopamine-cannabinoid interactions and implications for schizophrenia
    • Castle D and Murray R, eds. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press;
    • D'Souza DC, Cho HS, Perry EB, Krystal JH. Cannabinoid "model" psychosis, dopamine-cannabinoid interactions and implications for schizophrenia. In: Castle D and Murray R, eds. Marijuana and Madness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2004: 142-165.
    • (2004) Marijuana and Madness , pp. 142-165
    • D'Souza, D.C.1    Cho, H.S.2    Perry, E.B.3    Krystal, J.H.4
  • 92
    • 0028967929 scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychological performance of recently abstinent alcoholics and cocaine abusers
    • Beatty WW, Katzung VM, Moreland VJ, Nixon SJ. Neuropsychological performance of recently abstinent alcoholics and cocaine abusers. Drug Alcohol Depend. 1995;37:247-253.
    • (1995) Drug Alcohol Depend. , vol.37 , pp. 247-253
    • Beatty, W.W.1    Katzung, V.M.2    Moreland, V.J.3    Nixon, S.J.4
  • 93
    • 0032900811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Declarative and procedural memory functioning in abstinent cocaine abusers
    • van Gorp WG, Wilkins JN, Hinkin CH, et al. Declarative and procedural memory functioning in abstinent cocaine abusers. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1999;56:85-89.
    • (1999) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.56 , pp. 85-89
    • Van Gorp, W.G.1    Wilkins, J.N.2    Hinkin, C.H.3
  • 94
    • 0027724736 scopus 로고
    • Effects of chronic cocaine abuse on memory and learning
    • Mittenberg W, Motta S. Effects of chronic cocaine abuse on memory and learning. Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 1993;8:477-483.
    • (1993) Arch Clin Neuropsychol. , vol.8 , pp. 477-483
    • Mittenberg, W.1    Motta, S.2
  • 95
    • 0026045536 scopus 로고
    • Concordance of three measures of cocaine use in an arrestee population: Hair, urine, and self-report
    • Mieczkowski T, Barzelay D, Gropper B, Wish E. Concordance of three measures of cocaine use in an arrestee population: hair, urine, and self-report. J Psychoactive Drugs. 1991;23:241-249.
    • (1991) J Psychoactive Drugs. , vol.23 , pp. 241-249
    • Mieczkowski, T.1    Barzelay, D.2    Gropper, B.3    Wish, E.4
  • 96
    • 84889811147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Underreporting of drug use among individuals with schizophrenia: Prevalence and predictors
    • doi:10.1017/S0033291713000548
    • Bahorik AL, Newhill CE, Queen CC, Eack SM. Underreporting of drug use among individuals with schizophrenia: prevalence and predictors. Psychol Med. 2013;doi:10.1017/S0033291713000548.
    • (2013) Psychol Med.
    • Bahorik, A.L.1    Newhill, C.E.2    Queen, C.C.3    Eack, S.M.4
  • 97
    • 70350784005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive enhancement therapy for early-course schizophrenia: Effects of a two-year randomized controlled trial
    • Eack SM, Greenwald DP, Hogarty SS, et al. Cognitive enhancement therapy for early-course schizophrenia: effects of a two-year randomized controlled trial. Psychiatr Serv. 2009;60:1468-1476.
    • (2009) Psychiatr Serv. , vol.60 , pp. 1468-1476
    • Eack, S.M.1    Greenwald, D.P.2    Hogarty, S.S.3
  • 98
    • 4444223998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive enhancement therapy for schizophrenia: Effects of a 2-year randomized trial on cognition and behavior
    • Hogarty GE, Flesher S, Ulrich R, et al. Cognitive enhancement therapy for schizophrenia: effects of a 2-year randomized trial on cognition and behavior. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2004;61:866-876.
    • (2004) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.61 , pp. 866-876
    • Hogarty, G.E.1    Flesher, S.2    Ulrich, R.3
  • 99
    • 0026515834 scopus 로고
    • The validity of hair analysis for detecting cocaine and heroin use among addicts
    • Magura S, Freeman RC, Siddiqi Q, Lipton DS. The validity of hair analysis for detecting cocaine and heroin use among addicts. Int J Addict. 1992;27:51-69.
    • (1992) Int J Addict. , vol.27 , pp. 51-69
    • Magura, S.1    Freeman, R.C.2    Siddiqi, Q.3    Lipton, D.S.4
  • 101
    • 21144484942 scopus 로고
    • Comparing hair and urine assays for cocaine marijuana
    • Mieczkowski T, Newel R. Comparing hair and urine assays for cocaine marijuana. Fed Probat. 1993;57:59-66.
    • (1993) Fed Probat. , vol.57 , pp. 59-66
    • Mieczkowski, T.1    Newel, R.2
  • 102
    • 0038350675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of illicit substance use among persons with schizophrenia by radioim-munoassay of hair
    • Swartz MS, Swanson J W, Hannon MJ. Detection of illicit substance use among persons with schizophrenia by radioim-munoassay of hair. Psychiatr Serv. 2003;54:891-895.
    • (2003) Psychiatr Serv. , vol.54 , pp. 891-895
    • Swartz, M.S.1    Swanson, J.W.2    Hannon, M.J.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.