메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue 880 GTR, 2013, Pages 79-90

Thinning effects on spotted owl prey and other forest-dwelling small mammals

Author keywords

Northern flying squirrel; Northern spotted owl; Northwest forest plan; Old growth forest; Red tree vole; Tinning; Variable density thinning

Indexed keywords

ABUNDANCE; CONNECTIVITY; ECOLOGICAL IMPACT; ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION; FOREST MANAGEMENT; FORESTRY PRACTICE; HABITAT LOSS; HABITAT MANAGEMENT; LAND USE PLANNING; OLD-GROWTH FOREST; PREDATION RISK; PREY AVAILABILITY; RAPTOR; RODENT; SMALL MAMMAL; THINNING;

EID: 84902205785     PISSN: 08874840     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Conference Paper
Times cited : (9)

References (58)
  • 2
    • 2942731629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arboreal squirrel response to silvicultural treatments for dwarf mistletoe control in northeastern Oregon
    • Bull, E.L.; Heater, T.W.; Youngblood, A. 2004. Arboreal squirrel response to silvicultural treatments for dwarf mistletoe control in northeastern Oregon. Western Journal of Applied Forestry. 19: 133-141.
    • (2004) Western Journal of Applied Forestry , vol.19 , pp. 133-141
    • Bull, E.L.1    Heater, T.W.2    Youngblood, A.3
  • 3
    • 0003561179 scopus 로고
    • The biology of arboreal rodents in Douglas-fir forests
    • PNW-GTR-276. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station
    • Carey, A.B. 1991. The biology of arboreal rodents in Douglas-fir forests. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-276. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 46 p.
    • (1991) Gen. Tech. Rep , pp. 46
    • Carey, A.B.1
  • 4
    • 0028984288 scopus 로고
    • Sciurids in Pacific Northwest managed and old-growth forests
    • Carey, A.B. 1995. Sciurids in Pacific Northwest managed and old-growth forests. Ecological Applications. 5: 648-661.
    • (1995) Ecological Applications , vol.5 , pp. 648-661
    • Carey, A.B.1
  • 5
    • 63849293263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Red tree vole/Arborimus longicaudus
    • In: Wilson, D.E.; Ruff, S., eds., Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press
    • Carey, A.B. 1999. Red tree vole/Arborimus longicaudus. In: Wilson, D.E.; Ruff, S., eds., The Smithsonian book of North American mammals. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press: 620-622.
    • (1999) The Smithsonian Book of North American Mammals , pp. 620-622
    • Carey, A.B.1
  • 6
    • 0034141588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of new forest management strategies on squirrel populations
    • Carey, A.B. 2000. Effects of new forest management strategies on squirrel populations. Ecological Applications. 10: 248-257.
    • (2000) Ecological Applications , vol.10 , pp. 248-257
    • Carey, A.B.1
  • 7
    • 0035887784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental manipulation of spatial heterogeneity in Douglas-fir forests: Effects on squirrels
    • Carey, A.B. 2001. Experimental manipulation of spatial heterogeneity in Douglas-fir forests: effects on squirrels. Forest Ecology and Management. 152: 13-30.
    • (2001) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.152 , pp. 13-30
    • Carey, A.B.1
  • 8
    • 70349679275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AIMing for healthy forests: Active, intentional management for multiple values
    • PNW-GTR-721. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station
    • Carey, A.B. 2007. AIMing for healthy forests: active, intentional management for multiple values. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-721. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 447 p.
    • (2007) Gen. Tech. Rep , pp. 447
    • Carey, A.B.1
  • 9
    • 0035889482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Small mammals in young forests: Implications for management for sustainability
    • Carey, A.B.; Harrington, C.A. 2001. Small mammals in young forests: implications for management for sustainability. Forest Ecology and Management. 154: 289-309.
    • (2001) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.154 , pp. 289-309
    • Carey, A.B.1    Harrington, C.A.2
  • 10
    • 0028974727 scopus 로고
    • Small mammals in managed, naturally young, and old-growth forests
    • Carey, A.B.; Johnson, M.L. 1995. Small mammals in managed, naturally young, and old-growth forests. Ecological Applications. 5: 336-352.
    • (1995) Ecological Applications , vol.5 , pp. 336-352
    • Carey, A.B.1    Johnson, M.L.2
  • 11
    • 0029500933 scopus 로고
    • Spotted owls: Resource and space use in mosaic landscapes
    • Carey, A.B.; Peeler, K.C. 1995. Spotted owls: resource and space use in mosaic landscapes. Journal of Raptor Research. 29: 223-239.
    • (1995) Journal of Raptor Research , vol.29 , pp. 223-239
    • Carey, A.B.1    Peeler, K.C.2
  • 12
    • 0034777939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induced spatial heterogeneity in forest canopies: Responses of small mammals
    • Carey, A.B.; Wilson, S.M. 2001. Induced spatial heterogeneity in forest canopies: responses of small mammals. Journal of Wildlife Management. 65: 1014-1027.
    • (2001) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.65 , pp. 1014-1027
    • Carey, A.B.1    Wilson, S.M.2
  • 13
    • 0026593626 scopus 로고
    • Northern spotted owls: Influence of prey base and landscape character
    • Carey, A.B.; Horton, S.P.; Biswell, B.L. 1992. Northern spotted owls: influence of prey base and landscape character. Ecological Monographs. 62: 223-250.
    • (1992) Ecological Monographs , vol.62 , pp. 223-250
    • Carey, A.B.1    Horton, S.P.2    Biswell, B.L.3
  • 14
    • 0040714079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecological scale and forest development: Squirrels, dietary fungi, and vascular plants in managed and unmanaged forests
    • Carey, A.B.; Kershner, J.; Biswell, B.; de Toledo, L.D. 1999a. Ecological scale and forest development: squirrels, dietary fungi, and vascular plants in managed and unmanaged forests. Wildlife Monographs. 142: 1-71.
    • (1999) Wildlife Monographs , vol.142 , pp. 1-71
    • Carey, A.B.1    Kershner, J.2    Biswell, B.3    de Toledo, L.D.4
  • 15
    • 0032768995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution and abundance of Neotoma in western Oregon and Washington
    • Carey, A.B.; MacGuire, C.C.; Biswell, B.L.; Wilson, T.M. 1999b. Distribution and abundance of Neotoma in western Oregon and Washington. Northwest Science. 73: 65-80.
    • (1999) Northwest Science , vol.73 , pp. 65-80
    • Carey, A.B.1    Macguire, C.C.2    Biswell, B.L.3    Wilson, T.M.4
  • 16
    • 0033457282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Forest Ecosystem Study: Background, rationale, implementation, baseline conditions, and silvicultural assessment
    • PNW-GTR-457. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station
    • Carey, A.B.; Thysell, D.R.; Brodie, A.W. 1999c. The Forest Ecosystem Study: background, rationale, implementation, baseline conditions, and silvicultural assessment. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-457. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 129 p.
    • (1999) Gen. Tech. Rep , pp. 129
    • Carey, A.B.1    Thysell, D.R.2    Brodie, A.W.3
  • 17
    • 67650290337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Red tree vole habitat suitability modeling: Implications for conservation and management
    • Dunk, J.R.; Hawley, J.J.V.G. 2009. Red tree vole habitat suitability modeling: implications for conservation and management. Forest Ecology and Management. 258: 626-634.
    • (2009) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.258 , pp. 626-634
    • Dunk, J.R.1    Hawley, J.J.V.G.2
  • 18
    • 0021573959 scopus 로고
    • Distribution and biology of the spotted owl in Oregon
    • Forsman, E. D.; Meslow, E.C.; Wight, H.M. 1984. Distribution and biology of the spotted owl in Oregon. Wildlife Monographs. 87: 1-64.
    • (1984) Wildlife Monographs , vol.87 , pp. 1-64
    • Forsman, E.D.1    Meslow, E.C.2    Wight, H.M.3
  • 20
    • 13644256845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution and abundance of red tree voles in Oregon based on occurrence in pellets of northern spotted owls
    • Forsman, E.D.; Anthony, R.G.; Zabel, C.J. 2004b. Distribution and abundance of red tree voles in Oregon based on occurrence in pellets of northern spotted owls. Northwest Science. 78: 294-302.
    • (2004) Northwest Science , vol.78 , pp. 294-302
    • Forsman, E.D.1    Anthony, R.G.2    Zabel, C.J.3
  • 21
    • 34948826489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response of terrestrial small mammals to varying amounts and patterns of green-tree retention in Pacific Northwest forests
    • Gitzen, R.A.; West, S.D.; Maquire, C.C.; Manning, T.; Halpern, C.B. 2007. Response of terrestrial small mammals to varying amounts and patterns of green-tree retention in Pacific Northwest forests. Forest Ecology and Management. 251: 142-155.
    • (2007) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.251 , pp. 142-155
    • Gitzen, R.A.1    West, S.D.2    Maquire, C.C.3    Manning, T.4    Halpern, C.B.5
  • 22
    • 33645666877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of thinning of Douglas-fir forests on population parameters and diet of northern flying squirrels
    • Gomez, D.M.; Anthony, R.G.; Hayes, J.P. 2005. Influence of thinning of Douglas-fir forests on population parameters and diet of northern flying squirrels. Journal of Wildlife Management. 69: 1670-1682.
    • (2005) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.69 , pp. 1670-1682
    • Gomez, D.M.1    Anthony, R.G.2    Hayes, J.P.3
  • 23
    • 70349207239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overestimation of fire risk in the Northern Spotted Owl Recovery Plan
    • Hanson, C.T.; Odion, D.C.; DellaSala, D.A.; Baker, W.L. 2009. Overestimation of fire risk in the Northern Spotted Owl Recovery Plan. Conservation Biology. 23: 1314-1319.
    • (2009) Conservation Biology , vol.23 , pp. 1314-1319
    • Hanson, C.T.1    Odion, D.C.2    Dellasala, D.A.3    Baker, W.L.4
  • 24
    • 0033593844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Historical stand reconstruction in ponderosa pine forests to guide silvicultural prescriptions
    • Harrod, R.J.; McRae, B.H.; Hartl, W.E. 1999. Historical stand reconstruction in ponderosa pine forests to guide silvicultural prescriptions. Forest Ecology and Management. 114: 433-446.
    • (1999) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.114 , pp. 433-446
    • Harrod, R.J.1    McRae, B.H.2    Hartl, W.E.3
  • 25
    • 0032966909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response of red-backed voles to recent patch cutting in subalpine forest
    • Hayward, G.D.; Henry, S.H.; Ruggiero, L.F. 1999. Response of red-backed voles to recent patch cutting in subalpine forest. Conservation Biology. 13: 168-176.
    • (1999) Conservation Biology , vol.13 , pp. 168-176
    • Hayward, G.D.1    Henry, S.H.2    Ruggiero, L.F.3
  • 26
    • 48249113981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of logging pattern and intensity on squirrel demography
    • Herbers, J.; Klenner, W. 2007. Effects of logging pattern and intensity on squirrel demography. Journal of Wildlife Management. 71: 2655-2663.
    • (2007) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.71 , pp. 2655-2663
    • Herbers, J.1    Klenner, W.2
  • 27
    • 33846785555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sciurid habitat relationships in forests managed under selection and shelterwood silviculture in Ontario
    • Holloway, G.L.; Malcolm, J.R. 2006. Sciurid habitat relationships in forests managed under selection and shelterwood silviculture in Ontario. Journal of Wildlife Management. 70: 1735-1745.
    • (2006) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.70 , pp. 1735-1745
    • Holloway, G.L.1    Malcolm, J.R.2
  • 28
    • 34047165767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Northern and southern flying squirrels use of space within home ranges in central Ontario
    • Holloway, G.L.; Malcolm, J.R. 2007. Northern and southern flying squirrels use of space within home ranges in central Ontario. Forest Ecology and Management. 242: 747-755.
    • (2007) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.242 , pp. 747-755
    • Holloway, G.L.1    Malcolm, J.R.2
  • 29
    • 84866171287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of forest structure and experimental green-tree retention on Northern Flying Squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus) abundance
    • Holloway, G.L.; Smith, W.P.; Halpern, C.B.; Gitzen, R.A.; Maguire, C.C. 2012. Influence of forest structure and experimental green-tree retention on Northern Flying Squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus) abundance. Forest Ecology and Management. 285: 187-194.
    • (2012) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.285 , pp. 187-194
    • Holloway, G.L.1    Smith, W.P.2    Halpern, C.B.3    Gitzen, R.A.4    Maguire, C.C.5
  • 30
    • 1642414099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Partial and clear-cut harvesting of high elevation spruce-fir forests: Implications for small mammal communities
    • Klenner, W.; Sullivan, T.P. 2003. Partial and clear-cut harvesting of high elevation spruce-fir forests: implications for small mammal communities. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 33: 2283-2296.
    • (2003) Canadian Journal of Forest Research , vol.33 , pp. 2283-2296
    • Klenner, W.1    Sullivan, T.P.2
  • 31
    • 4544361128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Truffle abundance and mycophagy by northern flying squirrels in eastern Washington forests
    • Lehmkuhl, J.F.; Gould, L.E.; Cazares, E.; Hosford, D.R. 2004. Truffle abundance and mycophagy by northern flying squirrels in eastern Washington forests. Forest Ecology and Management. 200: 49-65.
    • (2004) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.200 , pp. 49-65
    • Lehmkuhl, J.F.1    Gould, L.E.2    Cazares, E.3    Hosford, D.R.4
  • 32
    • 33646162651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demography of northern flying squirrels informs ecosystem management of western interior forests
    • Lehmkuhl, J.F.; Kistler, K.D.; Begley, J.S.; Boulanger, J. 2006. Demography of northern flying squirrels informs ecosystem management of western interior forests. Ecological Applications. 16: 584-600.
    • (2006) Ecological Applications , vol.16 , pp. 584-600
    • Lehmkuhl, J.F.1    Kistler, K.D.2    Begley, J.S.3    Boulanger, J.4
  • 33
    • 33646229532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bushy-tailed woodrat abundance in dry forests of eastern Washington
    • Lehmkuhl, J.F.; Kistler, K.D.; Begley, J.S. 2006b. Bushy-tailed woodrat abundance in dry forests of eastern Washington. Journal of Mammalogy. 87: 371-379.
    • (2006) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.87 , pp. 371-379
    • Lehmkuhl, J.F.1    Kistler, K.D.2    Begley, J.S.3
  • 35
    • 80755152875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thinning of young Douglas-fir forests decreases density of northern flying squirrels in the Oregon Cascades
    • Manning, T.; Hagar, J.C.; McComb, B.C. 2012. Thinning of young Douglas-fir forests decreases density of northern flying squirrels in the Oregon Cascades. Forest Ecology and Management. 264: 115-124.
    • (2012) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.264 , pp. 115-124
    • Manning, T.1    Hagar, J.C.2    McComb, B.C.3
  • 36
    • 0003551401 scopus 로고
    • Natural history of Oregon Coast mammals
    • PNW-133. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station
    • Maser, C.; Mate, B.C.; Franklin, J.F.; Dyrness, C.T. 1981. Natural history of Oregon Coast mammals. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-133. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station.
    • (1981) Gen. Tech. Rep
    • Maser, C.1    Mate, B.C.2    Franklin, J.F.3    Dyrness, C.T.4
  • 37
    • 33846865604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microhabitat associations of northern flying squirrels in burned and thinned forest stands of the Sierra Nevada
    • Meyer, M.D.; Kelt, D.A.; North, M.P. 2007a. Microhabitat associations of northern flying squirrels in burned and thinned forest stands of the Sierra Nevada. The American Midland Naturalist. 157: 20 2-211.
    • (2007) The American Midland Naturalist , vol.157 , Issue.20 , pp. 2-211
    • Meyer, M.D.1    Kelt, D.A.2    North, M.P.3
  • 38
    • 33947616685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nest trees of northern flying squirrels in Yosemite National Park, California
    • Meyer, M.D.; North, M.P.; Kelt, D.A. 2007b. Nest trees of northern flying squirrels in Yosemite National Park, California. Southwestern Naturalist. 52: 157-161.
    • (2007) Southwestern Naturalist , vol.52 , pp. 157-161
    • Meyer, M.D.1    North, M.P.2    Kelt, D.A.3
  • 39
    • 0027044479 scopus 로고
    • Exploitation ecosystems in heterogeneous habitat complexes. II. Impact of small-scale heterogeneity on predator-prey dynamics
    • Oksanen, T.; Oksanen, L.; Gyllenberg, M. 1992. Exploitation ecosystems in heterogeneous habitat complexes. II. Impact of small-scale heterogeneity on predator-prey dynamics. Evolutionary Ecology. 6: 383-398.
    • (1992) Evolutionary Ecology , vol.6 , pp. 383-398
    • Oksanen, T.1    Oksanen, L.2    Gyllenberg, M.3
  • 40
    • 0036445326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interrelationships among northern flying squirrels, truffles, and microhabitat structure in Sierra Nevada old growth habitat
    • Pyare, S.; Longland, W.S. 2002. Interrelationships among northern flying squirrels, truffles, and microhabitat structure in Sierra Nevada old growth habitat. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 32: 1016-1024.
    • (2002) Canadian Journal of Forest Research , vol.32 , pp. 1016-1024
    • Pyare, S.1    Longland, W.S.2
  • 41
    • 6344229545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term responses of ecosystem components to stand thinning in young lodgepole pine forest. I. Population dynamics of northern flying squirrel and red squirrel
    • Ransome, D.B.; Lindgren, P.M.F.; Sullivan, D.S.; Sullivan, T.P. 2004. Long-term responses of ecosystem components to stand thinning in young lodgepole pine forest. I. Population dynamics of northern flying squirrel and red squirrel. Forest Ecology and Management. 202: 355-367.
    • (2004) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.202 , pp. 355-367
    • Ransome, D.B.1    Lindgren, P.M.F.2    Sullivan, D.S.3    Sullivan, T.P.4
  • 42
    • 0026499257 scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of northern flying squirrel populations in young second- and old-growth forests in western Oregon
    • Rosenberg, D.K.; Anthony, R.G. 1992. Characteristics of northern flying squirrel populations in young second- and old-growth forests in western Oregon. Canadian Journal of Zoology. 70: 161-166.
    • (1992) Canadian Journal of Zoology , vol.70 , pp. 161-166
    • Rosenberg, D.K.1    Anthony, R.G.2
  • 43
    • 0027461011 scopus 로고
    • Dusky-footed woodrat abundance in different-aged forests in northwestern California
    • Sakai, H.F.; Noon, B.R. 1993. Dusky-footed woodrat abundance in different-aged forests in northwestern California. Journal of Wildlife Management. 57: 373-382.
    • (1993) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.57 , pp. 373-382
    • Sakai, H.F.1    Noon, B.R.2
  • 44
    • 4344619250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecological correlates of f lying squirrel microhabitat use and density in temperate rain forest of southeastern Alaska
    • Smith, W.P.; Gende, S.M.; Nichols, J.V. 2004. Ecological correlates of f lying squirrel microhabitat use and density in temperate rain forest of southeastern Alaska. Journal of Mammalogy. 85: 663-674.
    • (2004) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.85 , pp. 663-674
    • Smith, W.P.1    Gende, S.M.2    Nichols, J.V.3
  • 45
    • 15944369660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The northern flying squirrel as an indicator species of temperate rain forest: Test of an hypothesis
    • Smith, W.P.; Gende, S.M.; Nichols, J.V. 2005. The northern flying squirrel as an indicator species of temperate rain forest: test of an hypothesis. Ecological Applications. 15: 689-700.
    • (2005) Ecological Applications , vol.15 , pp. 689-700
    • Smith, W.P.1    Gende, S.M.2    Nichols, J.V.3
  • 46
    • 0003561190 scopus 로고
    • The structure of natural young, mature, and old-growth Douglas-fir forests in Oregon and Washington
    • In: Ruggerio, L.F.; Aubrey, K.B.; Carey, A.B.; Huff, M.H., eds., PNW-GTR-285. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station
    • Spies, T.A.; Franklin, J.F. 1991. The structure of natural young, mature, and old-growth Douglas-fir forests in Oregon and Washington. In: Ruggerio, L.F.; Aubrey, K.B.; Carey, A.B.; Huff, M.H., eds., Wildlife and vegetation of unmanaged Douglas-fir forests. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-285. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station: 91-109.
    • (1991) Wildlife and Vegetation of Unmanaged Douglas-fir Forests. Gen. Tech. Rep , pp. 91-109
    • Spies, T.A.1    Franklin, J.F.2
  • 48
    • 0038032935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of thinning on small mammals in Oregon coastal forests
    • Suzuki, N.; Hayes, J.P. 2003. Effects of thinning on small mammals in Oregon coastal forests. Journal of Wildlife Management. 6: 352-371.
    • (2003) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.6 , pp. 352-371
    • Suzuki, N.1    Hayes, J.P.2
  • 49
    • 68049147172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Home range areas and activity patterns of red tree voles (Arborimus longicaudus)
    • Swingle, J.K.; Forsman, E.D. 2009. Home range areas and activity patterns of red tree voles (Arborimus longicaudus). Northwest Science. 83: 273-286.
    • (2009) Northwest Science , vol.83 , pp. 273-286
    • Swingle, J.K.1    Forsman, E.D.2
  • 51
    • 84856340716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service [USFWS], Portland, OR: U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service
    • U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service [USFWS]. 2008. Recovery plan for the Northern Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis caurina). Portland, OR: U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service.
    • (2008) Recovery Plan For the Northern Spotted Owl (Strix Occidentalis Caurina)
  • 52
    • 0029506887 scopus 로고
    • Northern flying squirrel densities in fir forests of northeastern California
    • Waters, J.R.; Zabel, C.J. 1995. Northern flying squirrel densities in fir forests of northeastern California. Journal of Wildlife Management. 59: 858-866.
    • (1995) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.59 , pp. 858-866
    • Waters, J.R.1    Zabel, C.J.2
  • 53
    • 4344659330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Northern flying squirrel mycophagy and truffle production in fir forests in northeastern California
    • Powers, R.F.; Hauxwell, D.L.; Nakamura, G.M., tech. coords., February 23-24, 1996; Sacramento, California. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-178. Albany, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station
    • Waters, J.W.; McKelvey, K.S.; Zabel, C.J.; Luoma, D. 2000. Northern flying squirrel mycophagy and truffle production in fir forests in northeastern California. In: Powers, R.F.; Hauxwell, D.L.; Nakamura, G.M., tech. coords., Proceedings of the California Forest Soils Council conference on forest soils biology and forest management; February 23-24, 1996; Sacramento, California. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-178. Albany, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station: 73-97.
    • Proceedings of the California Forest Soils Council Conference On Forest Soils Biology and Forest Management , pp. 73-97
    • Waters, J.W.1    McKelvey, K.S.2    Zabel, C.J.3    Luoma, D.4
  • 54
    • 0000345297 scopus 로고
    • Presettlement regeneration patterns in a southwestern ponderosa pine stand
    • White, A.S. 1985. Presettlement regeneration patterns in a southwestern ponderosa pine stand. Ecology. 66: 589-594.
    • (1985) Ecology , vol.66 , pp. 589-594
    • White, A.S.1
  • 55
    • 0033865517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Legacy retention versus thinning: Influences on small mammals
    • Wilson, S.M.; Carey, A.B. 2000. Legacy retention versus thinning: influences on small mammals. Northwest Science. 74: 131-145.
    • (2000) Northwest Science , vol.74 , pp. 131-145
    • Wilson, S.M.1    Carey, A.B.2
  • 57
    • 0001798409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observations of weasels in second-growth Douglas-fir forests in the Puget Trough, Washington
    • Wilson, T.M.; Carey, A.B. 1996. Observations of weasels in second-growth Douglas-fir forests in the Puget Trough, Washington. Northwestern Naturalist. 77: 35-39.
    • (1996) Northwestern Naturalist , vol.77 , pp. 35-39
    • Wilson, T.M.1    Carey, A.B.2
  • 58
    • 0028980308 scopus 로고
    • Influence of primary prey on home-range size and habitat-use patterns of northern spotted owls (Strix occidentalis caurina)
    • Zabel, C.J.; McKelvey, K.; Ward, J.P. Jr. 1995. Influence of primary prey on home-range size and habitat-use patterns of northern spotted owls (Strix occidentalis caurina). Canadian Journal of Zoology. 73: 433-439.
    • (1995) Canadian Journal of Zoology , vol.73 , pp. 433-439
    • Zabel, C.J.1    McKelvey, K.2    Ward Jr., J.P.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.