메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 264, Issue , 2012, Pages 115-124

Thinning of young Douglas-fir forests decreases density of northern flying squirrels in the Oregon Cascades

Author keywords

Commercial thinning; Glaucomys sabrinus; Northern flying squirrel; Silvicultural thinning

Indexed keywords

CLOSED CANOPIES; COMMERCIAL THINNING; DOUGLAS FIR; FOREST STAND; FOREST STRUCTURE; GLAUCOMYS SABRINUS; LONG-TERM GOALS; NORTHERN FLYING SQUIRREL; NORTHERN SPOTTED OWLS; PACIFIC NORTHWEST; PUBLIC LANDS; SHORT-TERM EFFECTS; SILVICULTURAL THINNING; STANDING DEAD TREES; THINNING TREATMENT; WILDLIFE SPECIES; YOUNG STANDS;

EID: 80755152875     PISSN: 03781127     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2011.09.043     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (35)

References (67)
  • 1
    • 0036925307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Den trees used by northern flying squirrels (Glaucomys sabrinus) in southeastern Alaska
    • Bakker V.J., Hastings K. Den trees used by northern flying squirrels (Glaucomys sabrinus) in southeastern Alaska. Canadian Journal of Zoology 2002, 80:1623-1633.
    • (2002) Canadian Journal of Zoology , vol.80 , pp. 1623-1633
    • Bakker, V.J.1    Hastings, K.2
  • 3
    • 0033781939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal and sexual differences in American marten diet in northeastern Oregon
    • Bull E.L. Seasonal and sexual differences in American marten diet in northeastern Oregon. Northwest Science 2000, 74:186-191.
    • (2000) Northwest Science , vol.74 , pp. 186-191
    • Bull, E.L.1
  • 4
    • 2942731629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arboreal squirrel response to silvicultural treatments for dwarf mistletoe control in northeastern Oregon
    • Bull E.L., Heater T.W., Youngblood A. Arboreal squirrel response to silvicultural treatments for dwarf mistletoe control in northeastern Oregon. Western Journal of Applied Forestry 2004, 19:133-141.
    • (2004) Western Journal of Applied Forestry , vol.19 , pp. 133-141
    • Bull, E.L.1    Heater, T.W.2    Youngblood, A.3
  • 5
    • 0036570237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Promoting old-growth characteristics and long-term wood production in Douglas-fir forests
    • Busing R.T., Garman S.L. Promoting old-growth characteristics and long-term wood production in Douglas-fir forests. Forest Ecology and Management 2002, 160:161-175.
    • (2002) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.160 , pp. 161-175
    • Busing, R.T.1    Garman, S.L.2
  • 6
    • 0028984288 scopus 로고
    • Sciurids in pacific northwest managed and old-growth forests
    • Carey A.B. Sciurids in pacific northwest managed and old-growth forests. Ecological Applications 1995, 5:648-661.
    • (1995) Ecological Applications , vol.5 , pp. 648-661
    • Carey, A.B.1
  • 7
    • 0034141588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of new forest management strategies on squirrel populations
    • Carey A.B. Effects of new forest management strategies on squirrel populations. Ecological Applications 2000, 10:248-257.
    • (2000) Ecological Applications , vol.10 , pp. 248-257
    • Carey, A.B.1
  • 8
    • 0035887784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental manipulation of spatial heterogeneity in Douglas-fir forests: effects on squirrels
    • Carey A.B. Experimental manipulation of spatial heterogeneity in Douglas-fir forests: effects on squirrels. Forest Ecology and Management 2001, 152:13-30.
    • (2001) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.152 , pp. 13-30
    • Carey, A.B.1
  • 9
    • 0001846764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecology of northern flying squirrels: implications for ecosystem management in the Pacific Northwest, USA
    • Filander Verlag, Furth, Germany, R.L. Goldingay, J.S. Scheibe (Eds.)
    • Carey A.B. Ecology of northern flying squirrels: implications for ecosystem management in the Pacific Northwest, USA. International Theriological Congress 2002, 45-61. Filander Verlag, Furth, Germany. R.L. Goldingay, J.S. Scheibe (Eds.).
    • (2002) International Theriological Congress , pp. 45-61
    • Carey, A.B.1
  • 10
    • 0026593626 scopus 로고
    • Northern spotted owls: influence of prey base and landscape character
    • Carey A.B., Horton S.P., Biswell B.L. Northern spotted owls: influence of prey base and landscape character. Ecological Monographs 1992, 62:223-250.
    • (1992) Ecological Monographs , vol.62 , pp. 223-250
    • Carey, A.B.1    Horton, S.P.2    Biswell, B.L.3
  • 12
    • 0040714079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecological scale and forest development: squirrels, dietary fungi, and vascular plants in managed and unmanaged forests
    • Carey A.B., Kershner J., Biswell B., Toledo L.D.D. Ecological scale and forest development: squirrels, dietary fungi, and vascular plants in managed and unmanaged forests. Wildlife Monographs 1999, 63:1-71.
    • (1999) Wildlife Monographs , vol.63 , pp. 1-71
    • Carey, A.B.1    Kershner, J.2    Biswell, B.3    Toledo, L.D.D.4
  • 13
    • 83955163491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Forest Ecosystem Study: Background, Rationale, Implementation, Baseline Conditions, and Silvicultural Assessment. General Technical Report. USDA-Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland, OR
    • Carey, A.B., Thysell, D.R., Brodie, A.W., 1999b. The Forest Ecosystem Study: Background, Rationale, Implementation, Baseline Conditions, and Silvicultural Assessment. General Technical Report. USDA-Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland, OR, p. 129.
    • (1999) , pp. 129
    • Carey, A.B.1    Thysell, D.R.2    Brodie, A.W.3
  • 14
    • 0034763636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term use of different residual forest structures by three sciurid species in a clear-cut boreal landscape
    • Cote M., Ferron J. Short-term use of different residual forest structures by three sciurid species in a clear-cut boreal landscape. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 2001, 31:1805-1815.
    • (2001) Canadian Journal of Forest Research , vol.31 , pp. 1805-1815
    • Cote, M.1    Ferron, J.2
  • 15
    • 0033673090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Winter habitat and nest trees used by northern flying squirrels in subboreal forests
    • Cotton C.L., Parker K.L. Winter habitat and nest trees used by northern flying squirrels in subboreal forests. Journal of Mammalogy 2000, 81:1071-1086.
    • (2000) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.81 , pp. 1071-1086
    • Cotton, C.L.1    Parker, K.L.2
  • 16
    • 77951655911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Initial response of understory vegetation to three alternative thinning treatments
    • Davis L.R., Puettmann K.J. Initial response of understory vegetation to three alternative thinning treatments. Journal of Sustainable Forestry 2009, 28:904-934.
    • (2009) Journal of Sustainable Forestry , vol.28 , pp. 904-934
    • Davis, L.R.1    Puettmann, K.J.2
  • 17
    • 34247544354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overstory response to alternative thinning treatments in young Douglas-fir forests of western Oregon
    • Davis L., Puettman K., Tucker G. Overstory response to alternative thinning treatments in young Douglas-fir forests of western Oregon. Northwest Science 2007, 81:1-14.
    • (2007) Northwest Science , vol.81 , pp. 1-14
    • Davis, L.1    Puettman, K.2    Tucker, G.3
  • 21
    • 0033043091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Density dependence, prey dependence, and population dynamics of martens in Ontario
    • Fryxell J.M., Falls J.B., Falls E.A., Brooks R.J., Dix L., Strickland M.A. Density dependence, prey dependence, and population dynamics of martens in Ontario. Ecology 1999, 80:1311-1321.
    • (1999) Ecology , vol.80 , pp. 1311-1321
    • Fryxell, J.M.1    Falls, J.B.2    Falls, E.A.3    Brooks, R.J.4    Dix, L.5    Strickland, M.A.6
  • 22
    • 84855509006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response of ground-dwelling vertebrates to thinning young stands: the young stand thinning and diversity study. Unpublished report available from
    • Garman, S.L., 2001. Response of ground-dwelling vertebrates to thinning young stands: the young stand thinning and diversity study. Unpublished report available from http://andrewsforest.oregonstate.edu/research/related/ccem/pdf/smallmammals.pdf.
    • (2001)
    • Garman, S.L.1
  • 24
    • 33645666877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of thinning of Douglas-fir forests on population parameters and diet of northern flying squirrels
    • Gomez D.M., Anthony R.G., Hayes J.P., Martin K. Influence of thinning of Douglas-fir forests on population parameters and diet of northern flying squirrels. Journal of Wildlife Management 2005, 69:1670-1682.
    • (2005) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.69 , pp. 1670-1682
    • Gomez, D.M.1    Anthony, R.G.2    Hayes, J.P.3    Martin, K.4
  • 25
    • 0029661024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bird communities in commercially thinned and unthinned Douglas-fir stands of western Oregon
    • Hagar J.C., McComb W.C., Emmingham W.H. Bird communities in commercially thinned and unthinned Douglas-fir stands of western Oregon. Wildlife Society Bulletin 1996, 24:353-366.
    • (1996) Wildlife Society Bulletin , vol.24 , pp. 353-366
    • Hagar, J.C.1    McComb, W.C.2    Emmingham, W.H.3
  • 26
    • 0028994987 scopus 로고
    • Plant species diversity in natural and managed forests of the Pacific Northwest
    • Halpern C.B., Spies T.A. Plant species diversity in natural and managed forests of the Pacific Northwest. Ecological Applications 1995, 5:913-934.
    • (1995) Ecological Applications , vol.5 , pp. 913-934
    • Halpern, C.B.1    Spies, T.A.2
  • 28
    • 0346269251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response of birds to thinning young Douglas-fir forests
    • Hayes J.P., Weikel J.M., Huso M.M.P. Response of birds to thinning young Douglas-fir forests. Ecological Applications 2003, 13:1222-1232.
    • (2003) Ecological Applications , vol.13 , pp. 1222-1232
    • Hayes, J.P.1    Weikel, J.M.2    Huso, M.M.P.3
  • 29
    • 48249113981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of logging pattern and intensity on squirrel demography
    • Herbers J., Klenner W. Effects of logging pattern and intensity on squirrel demography. Journal of Wildlife Management 2007, 71:2655-2663.
    • (2007) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.71 , pp. 2655-2663
    • Herbers, J.1    Klenner, W.2
  • 30
    • 33846785555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sciurid habitat relationships in forests managed under selection and shelterwood silviculture in Ontario
    • Holloway G.L., Malcolm J.R. Sciurid habitat relationships in forests managed under selection and shelterwood silviculture in Ontario. Journal of Wildlife Management 2006, 70:1735-1745.
    • (2006) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.70 , pp. 1735-1745
    • Holloway, G.L.1    Malcolm, J.R.2
  • 31
    • 79955917397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A meta-analysis of forest age and structure effects on northern flying squirrel densities
    • Holloway G.L., Smith W.P. A meta-analysis of forest age and structure effects on northern flying squirrel densities. Journal of Wildlife Management 2011, 75:668-674.
    • (2011) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.75 , pp. 668-674
    • Holloway, G.L.1    Smith, W.P.2
  • 32
    • 0032941561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bat activity in thinned, unthinned, and old-growth forests in western Oregon
    • Humes M.L., Hayes J.P., Collopy M.W. Bat activity in thinned, unthinned, and old-growth forests in western Oregon. Journal of Wildlife Management 1999, 63:553-561.
    • (1999) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.63 , pp. 553-561
    • Humes, M.L.1    Hayes, J.P.2    Collopy, M.W.3
  • 34
    • 33646162651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demography of northern flying squirrels informs ecosystem management of western interior forests
    • Lehmkuhl J.F., Kistler K.D., Begley J.S., Boulanger J. Demography of northern flying squirrels informs ecosystem management of western interior forests. Ecological Applications 2006, 16:584-600.
    • (2006) Ecological Applications , vol.16 , pp. 584-600
    • Lehmkuhl, J.F.1    Kistler, K.D.2    Begley, J.S.3    Boulanger, J.4
  • 35
    • 0000772615 scopus 로고
    • Role of three rodents in forest nitrogen fixation in western Oregon: another aspect of mammal-mycorrhizal fungus-tree mutualism
    • Li C.Y., Chris M., Zane M., Bruce A.C. Role of three rodents in forest nitrogen fixation in western Oregon: another aspect of mammal-mycorrhizal fungus-tree mutualism. Great Basin Naturalist 1986, 46:411-414.
    • (1986) Great Basin Naturalist , vol.46 , pp. 411-414
    • Li, C.Y.1    Chris, M.2    Zane, M.3    Bruce, A.C.4
  • 36
    • 0000935439 scopus 로고
    • Fungal-small mammal interrelationships with emphasis on Oregon coniferous forests
    • Maser C., Trappe J.M., Nussbaum R.A. Fungal-small mammal interrelationships with emphasis on Oregon coniferous forests. Ecology 1978, 59:799-809.
    • (1978) Ecology , vol.59 , pp. 799-809
    • Maser, C.1    Trappe, J.M.2    Nussbaum, R.A.3
  • 37
    • 0031838401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selection of vertebrate wildlife indicators for monitoring sustainable forest management in Ontario
    • McLaren M.A., Thompson I.D., Baker J.A. Selection of vertebrate wildlife indicators for monitoring sustainable forest management in Ontario. Forestry Chronicle 1998, 74:241-248.
    • (1998) Forestry Chronicle , vol.74 , pp. 241-248
    • McLaren, M.A.1    Thompson, I.D.2    Baker, J.A.3
  • 38
    • 83955162037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DecAID, The Decayed Wood Advisor for Managing Snags, Partially Dead Trees, and Down Wood for Biodiversity in Forests of Washington and Oregon. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region and Pacific Northwest Research Station; USDI Fish and Wildlife Service, Oregon State Office, Portland, Oregon.
    • Mellen-McLean, K., Marcot, B., Ohmann, J.L., Waddell, K., Livingston, S., Willhite, E.A., Ogden, C., Dreisbach, T., 2009. DecAID, The Decayed Wood Advisor for Managing Snags, Partially Dead Trees, and Down Wood for Biodiversity in Forests of Washington and Oregon. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region and Pacific Northwest Research Station; USDI Fish and Wildlife Service, Oregon State Office, Portland, Oregon.
    • (2009)
    • Mellen-McLean, K.1    Marcot, B.2    Ohmann, J.L.3    Waddell, K.4    Livingston, S.5    Willhite, E.A.6    Ogden, C.7    Dreisbach, T.8
  • 39
    • 17644386869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nest trees of northern flying squirrels in the Sierra Nevada
    • Meyer M.D., Kelt D.A., North M.P. Nest trees of northern flying squirrels in the Sierra Nevada. Journal of Mammalogy 2005, 86:275-280.
    • (2005) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.86 , pp. 275-280
    • Meyer, M.D.1    Kelt, D.A.2    North, M.P.3
  • 40
    • 33846865604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microhabitat associations of northern flying squirrels in burned and thinned forest stands of the Sierra Nevada
    • Meyer M.D., Kelt D.A., North M.P. Microhabitat associations of northern flying squirrels in burned and thinned forest stands of the Sierra Nevada. American Midland Naturalist 2007, 157:202-211.
    • (2007) American Midland Naturalist , vol.157 , pp. 202-211
    • Meyer, M.D.1    Kelt, D.A.2    North, M.P.3
  • 41
    • 33947616685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nest trees of northern flying squirrels in Yosemite National Park, California
    • Meyer M.D., North M.P., Kelt D.A. Nest trees of northern flying squirrels in Yosemite National Park, California. The Southwestern Naturalist 2007, 52:157-161.
    • (2007) The Southwestern Naturalist , vol.52 , pp. 157-161
    • Meyer, M.D.1    North, M.P.2    Kelt, D.A.3
  • 42
    • 33344463614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of thinning young forests on chanterelle mushroom production
    • Pilz D., Molina R., Mayo J. Effects of thinning young forests on chanterelle mushroom production. Journal of Forestry 2006, 104:9-14.
    • (2006) Journal of Forestry , vol.104 , pp. 9-14
    • Pilz, D.1    Molina, R.2    Mayo, J.3
  • 43
    • 0036445326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interrelationships among northern flying squirrels, truffles, and microhabitat structure in Sierra Nevada old-growth habitat
    • Pyare S., Longland W.S. Interrelationships among northern flying squirrels, truffles, and microhabitat structure in Sierra Nevada old-growth habitat. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 2002, 32:1016-1024.
    • (2002) Canadian Journal of Forest Research , vol.32 , pp. 1016-1024
    • Pyare, S.1    Longland, W.S.2
  • 44
    • 0036944144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term population dynamics of Glaucomys sabrinus and Tamiasciurus douglasii in commercially thinned and unthinned stands of coastal coniferous forest
    • Ransome D.B., Sullivan T.B. Short-term population dynamics of Glaucomys sabrinus and Tamiasciurus douglasii in commercially thinned and unthinned stands of coastal coniferous forest. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 2002, 32:2043-2050.
    • (2002) Canadian Journal of Forest Research , vol.32 , pp. 2043-2050
    • Ransome, D.B.1    Sullivan, T.B.2
  • 45
    • 0038209454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population dynamics of Glaucomys sabrinus and Tamiasciurus douglasii in old-growth and second-growth stands of coastal coniferous forest
    • Ransome D.B., Sullivan T.P. Population dynamics of Glaucomys sabrinus and Tamiasciurus douglasii in old-growth and second-growth stands of coastal coniferous forest. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 2003, 33:587.
    • (2003) Canadian Journal of Forest Research , vol.33 , pp. 587
    • Ransome, D.B.1    Sullivan, T.P.2
  • 46
    • 6344229545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term responses of ecosystem components to stand thinning in young lodgepole pine forest. I. Population dynamics of northern flying squirrels and red squirrels
    • Ransome D.B., Lindgren P.M.F., Sullivan D.S., Sullivan T.P. Long-term responses of ecosystem components to stand thinning in young lodgepole pine forest. I. Population dynamics of northern flying squirrels and red squirrels. Forest Ecology and Management 2004, 202:355-367.
    • (2004) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.202 , pp. 355-367
    • Ransome, D.B.1    Lindgren, P.M.F.2    Sullivan, D.S.3    Sullivan, T.P.4
  • 47
    • 0021533632 scopus 로고
    • Partitioning of food and niche characteristics of coexisting Accipiter during breeding
    • Reynolds R.T., Meslow E.C. Partitioning of food and niche characteristics of coexisting Accipiter during breeding. Auk 1984, 101:761-779.
    • (1984) Auk , vol.101 , pp. 761-779
    • Reynolds, R.T.1    Meslow, E.C.2
  • 48
    • 63049096874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of landscape composition and configuration on northern flying squirrels in a forest mosaic
    • Ritchie L.E., Betts M.G., Forbes G., Vernes K. Effects of landscape composition and configuration on northern flying squirrels in a forest mosaic. Forest Ecology and Management 2009, 257.
    • (2009) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.257
    • Ritchie, L.E.1    Betts, M.G.2    Forbes, G.3    Vernes, K.4
  • 49
    • 0026499257 scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of northern flying squirrel populations in young, second- and old-growth forests in western Oregon
    • Rosenberg D.K., Anthony R.G. Characteristics of northern flying squirrel populations in young, second- and old-growth forests in western Oregon. Canadian Journal of Zoology 1992, 70:161-166.
    • (1992) Canadian Journal of Zoology , vol.70 , pp. 161-166
    • Rosenberg, D.K.1    Anthony, R.G.2
  • 50
    • 0030749175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Northern flying squirrel seasonal food habits in the interior conifer forests of central Idaho
    • Rosentreter R., Hayward G.D., Wicklow-Howard M. Northern flying squirrel seasonal food habits in the interior conifer forests of central Idaho. Northwest Science 1997, 71:97-102.
    • (1997) Northwest Science , vol.71 , pp. 97-102
    • Rosentreter, R.1    Hayward, G.D.2    Wicklow-Howard, M.3
  • 51
    • 83955160935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SAS. SAS Version 9.2. SAS Institute Cary, NC.
    • SAS, 2003. SAS Version 9.2. SAS Institute Cary, NC.
    • (2003)
  • 52
    • 36649000064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecology of Glaucomys sabrinus: habitat, demography, and community relations
    • Smith W.P. Ecology of Glaucomys sabrinus: habitat, demography, and community relations. Journal of Mammalogy 2007, 88:862-881.
    • (2007) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.88 , pp. 862-881
    • Smith, W.P.1
  • 53
    • 0141792646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demography of the Prince of Wales flying squirrel: an endemic of southeastern Alaska temperate rain forest
    • Smith W.P., Nichols J.V. Demography of the Prince of Wales flying squirrel: an endemic of southeastern Alaska temperate rain forest. Journal of Mammalogy 2003, 84:1044-1058.
    • (2003) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.84 , pp. 1044-1058
    • Smith, W.P.1    Nichols, J.V.2
  • 54
    • 4344619250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecological correlates of flying squirrel microhabitat use and density in temperate rainforests of southeastern Alaska
    • Smith W.P., Gende S.M., Nichols J.V. Ecological correlates of flying squirrel microhabitat use and density in temperate rainforests of southeastern Alaska. Journal of Mammalogy 2004, 85:663-674.
    • (2004) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.85 , pp. 663-674
    • Smith, W.P.1    Gende, S.M.2    Nichols, J.V.3
  • 55
    • 15944369660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The northern flying squirrel as an indicator species of temperate rain forest: test of an hypothesis
    • Smith W.P., Gende S.M., Nichols J.V. The northern flying squirrel as an indicator species of temperate rain forest: test of an hypothesis. Ecological Applications 2005, 15:689-700.
    • (2005) Ecological Applications , vol.15 , pp. 689-700
    • Smith, W.P.1    Gende, S.M.2    Nichols, J.V.3
  • 56
    • 0003514094 scopus 로고
    • Coarse woody debris in forests and plantations of coastal Oregon
    • USDA-Forest Service, Portland, OR, C. Maser (Ed.)
    • Spies T.A., Cline S.P. Coarse woody debris in forests and plantations of coastal Oregon. PNW-GTR 1988, USDA-Forest Service, Portland, OR. C. Maser (Ed.).
    • (1988) PNW-GTR
    • Spies, T.A.1    Cline, S.P.2
  • 58
    • 0034909076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stand structure and small mammals in Young Lodgepole Pine Forest: 10-year results after thinning
    • Sullivan T.P., Sullivan D.S., Lindgren P.M.F. Stand structure and small mammals in Young Lodgepole Pine Forest: 10-year results after thinning. Ecological Applications 2001, 11:1151-1173.
    • (2001) Ecological Applications , vol.11 , pp. 1151-1173
    • Sullivan, T.P.1    Sullivan, D.S.2    Lindgren, P.M.F.3
  • 60
    • 0020870171 scopus 로고
    • Density as a misleading indicator of habitat quality
    • Van Horne B. Density as a misleading indicator of habitat quality. Journal of Wildlife Management 1983, 47:893-901.
    • (1983) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.47 , pp. 893-901
    • Van Horne, B.1
  • 61
    • 0029506887 scopus 로고
    • Northern flying squirrel densities in fir forests of northeastern California
    • Waters J.R., Zabel C.J. Northern flying squirrel densities in fir forests of northeastern California. Journal of Wildlife Management 1995, 59:858-866.
    • (1995) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.59 , pp. 858-866
    • Waters, J.R.1    Zabel, C.J.2
  • 62
    • 0036671532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does density reflect habitat quality for North American red squirrels during a spruce cone failure?
    • Wheatley M., Larsen K.W., Boutin S. Does density reflect habitat quality for North American red squirrels during a spruce cone failure?. Journal of Mammalogy 2002, 83:716-727.
    • (2002) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.83 , pp. 716-727
    • Wheatley, M.1    Larsen, K.W.2    Boutin, S.3
  • 63
    • 0033453305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Program MARK: survival estimation from populations of marked animals
    • White G.C., Burnham K.P. Program MARK: survival estimation from populations of marked animals. Bird Study 1999, 46:120-138.
    • (1999) Bird Study , vol.46 , pp. 120-138
    • White, G.C.1    Burnham, K.P.2
  • 64
    • 83955162036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limiting factors for northern flying squirrels (Glaucomys sabrinus) in the Pacific Northwest: a spatio-temporal analysis. In: Interdisciplinary Studies. Union Institute & University, Cincinnati
    • Wilson, T.M., 2010. Limiting factors for northern flying squirrels (Glaucomys sabrinus) in the Pacific Northwest: a spatio-temporal analysis. In: Interdisciplinary Studies. Union Institute & University, Cincinnati, p. 219.
    • (2010) , pp. 219
    • Wilson, T.M.1
  • 65
    • 0001798409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observation of weasels in second-growth Douglas-fir forests in the Puget Trough, Washington
    • Wilson T.M., Carey A.B. Observation of weasels in second-growth Douglas-fir forests in the Puget Trough, Washington. Northwestern Naturalist 1996, 77:35-39.
    • (1996) Northwestern Naturalist , vol.77 , pp. 35-39
    • Wilson, T.M.1    Carey, A.B.2
  • 66
    • 0027039640 scopus 로고
    • Home range and density estimates for the Northern flying squirrel, Glaucomys sabrinus, in Western Oregon
    • Witt J.W. Home range and density estimates for the Northern flying squirrel, Glaucomys sabrinus, in Western Oregon. Journal of Mammalogy 1992, 73:921-929.
    • (1992) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.73 , pp. 921-929
    • Witt, J.W.1
  • 67
    • 0030750358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Food preferences of captive northern flying squirrels from the Lassen National Forest in northeastern California
    • Zabel C.J., Waters J.R. Food preferences of captive northern flying squirrels from the Lassen National Forest in northeastern California. Northwest Science 1997, 71:103-107.
    • (1997) Northwest Science , vol.71 , pp. 103-107
    • Zabel, C.J.1    Waters, J.R.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.