Polar amplification in CCSM4: Contributions from the lapse rate and surface albedo feedbacks

Journal of Climate

Volumn 27, Issue 12, 2014, Pages 4433-4450

  Graversen, Rune G ^a   Langen, Peter L ^b   Mauritsen, Thorsten ^c  

^a STOCKHOLM UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^b DANISH METEOROLOGICAL INSTITUTE   (Denmark)

^c MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE   (Germany)

Author keywords

Inversions, Albedo, Feedback, Forcing, Latent heating cooling, Climate models

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION; CLIMATE MODELS; SOLAR RADIATION; TROPOSPHERE;

COMMUNITY CLIMATE SYSTEM MODEL; FEEDBACK MECHANISMS; INFRARED IRRADIANCE; LATENT HEATING/COOLING; POLAR AMPLIFICATIONS; STABLE STRATIFICATION; TEMPERATURE RESPONSE; TROPOSPHERIC WARMING;

FEEDBACK;

ALBEDO; CLIMATE FORCING; CLIMATE MODELING; INVERSE ANALYSIS; IRRADIANCE; LATENT HEAT FLUX; POLAR METEOROLOGY; RADIATIVE FORCING;

ANTARCTICA; ARCTIC;

EID: 84902105448     PISSN: 08948755     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00551.1     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Alexeev, V. A., P. L. Langen, and J. R. Bates, 2005 Polar amplification of surface warming on an aquaplanet in ''ghost forcing'' experiments without sea ice feedbacks. Climate Dyn., 24, 655-666, doi:10.1007/s00382-005-0018-3.
2. Arrhenius, S., 1896 On the influence of carbonic acid in the air upon the temperature of the ground. Philos. Mag., 41, 237-276, doi:10.1080/14786449608620846.
3. Bitz, C. M., 2008: Some aspects of uncertainty in predicting sea ice thinning. Arctic Sea Ice Decline: Observations, Projections, Mechanisms, and Implications, Geophys. Monogr., Vol. 180, Amer. Geophys. Union, 63-76, doi:10.1029/180GM06.
4. Bitz, C. M., K.M. Shell, P. R. Gent, D. A. Bailey, G. Danabasoglu, K. C. Armour, M. M. Holland, and J. T. Kiehl, 2012 Climate sensitivity of the Community Climate Model version 4. J. Climate, 25, 3053-3070, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00290.1.
5. Block, K., and T. Mauritsen, 2013 Forcing and feedback in the MPI-ESM-LR coupled model under abruptly quadrupled CO2. J. Adv. Model. Earth Syst., 5, 676-691, doi:10.1002/jame.20041.
6. Briegleb, B. P., and B. Light, 2007: A delta-Eddington multiple scattering parameterization for solar radiation in the sea ice component of the Community Climate System model. NCAR Tech. Rep. NCAR/TN-472STR, 100 pp, doi:10.5065/D6B27S71.
7. Gent, P. R., and Coauthors, 2011 The Community Climate System Model version 4. J. Climate, 24, 4973-4991, doi:10.1175/2011JCLI4083.1.
8. Graversen, R. G., 2006 Do changes in midlatitude circulation have any impact on the Arctic surface air temperature trend? J. Climate, 19, 5422-5438, doi:10.1175/JCLI3906.1.
9. Graversen, R. G., and M. Wang, 2009 Polar amplification in a coupled climate model with locked albedo. Climate Dyn., 33, 629-643, doi:10.1007/s00382-009-0535-6.
10. Graversen, R. G., T. Mauritsen, M. Tjernström, E. Källén, and G. Svensson, 2008 Vertical structure of recent arctic warming. Nature, 451, 53-56, doi:10.1038/nature06502.
11. Hall, A., 2004 The role of surface albedo feedback in climate. J. Climate, 17, 1550-1568, doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2004)0171550: TROSAF2.0.CO;2.
12. Hall, A., and S. Manabe, 1999 The role of water vapor feedback in unperturbed climate variability and global warming. J. Climate, 12, 2327-2346, doi:10.1175/1520-0442(1999)0122327: TROWVF2.0.CO;2.
13. Hansen, J., A. Lacis, D. Rind, G. Russel, P. Stone, I. Fung, R. Ruedy, and J. Lerner, 1984: Climate sensitivity: Analysis of feedback mechanisms. Climate Processes and Climate Sensitivity, Geophys. Monogr., Vol. 29. American Geophysical Union, 130-163.
14. Hansen, J., and Coauthors, 2005: Efficacy of climate forcings. J. Geophys. Res., 110, D18104, doi:10.1029/2005JD005776.
15. Held, I., and B. J. Soden, 2000 Water vapour feedback and global warming. Annu. Rev. Energy Environ., 25, 441-475, doi:10.1146/annurev.energy.25.1.441.
16. Holland, M. M., and C. M. Bitz, 2003 Polar amplification of climate change in coupled models. Climate Dyn., 21, 221-232, doi:10.1007/s00382-003-0332-6.
17. Holland, M. M., D. A. Bailey, B. P. Briegleb, B. Light, and E. Hunke, 2012 Improved sea ice shortwave radiation physics in CCSM4: The impact of melt ponds and aerosols on Arctic sea ice. J. Climate, 25, 1413-1430, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00078.1.
18. Hwang, Y. T., D. W. Frierson, and J. E. Kay, 2011: Coupling between Arctic feedbacks and changes in poleward energy transport. Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L17704, doi:10.1029/2011GL048546.
19. Jahn, A., and Coauthors, 2012 Last-twentieth-century simulations of Arctic sea ice and ocean properties in the CCSM4. J. Climate, 25, 1431-1451, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00201.1.
20. Koenigk, T., L. Brodeau, R. G. Graversen, J. Karlsson, G. Svensson, M. Tjernström, U. Willén, and K. Wyser, 2013 Arctic climate change in 21st century CMIP5 simulations with EC-Earth. Climate Dyn., 40, 2719-2743, doi:10.1007/s00382-012-1505-y.
21. Langen, P. L., and V. A. Alexeev, 2007 Polar amplification as a preferred response in an idealized aquaplanet GCM. Climate Dyn., 29, 305-317, doi:10.1007/s00382-006-0221-x.
22. Langen, P. L., R. G. Graversen, and T. Mauritsen, 2012 Separation of contributions from radiative feedbacks to polar amplification on an aquaplanet. J. Climate, 25, 3010-3024, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00246.1.
23. Manabe, S., and R.Wetherald, 1975 The effects of doubling the CO2 concentration in the climate of a general circulation model. J. Atmos. Sci., 32, 3-15, doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1975)0320003: TEODTC2.0.CO;2.
24. Mauritsen, T., R. G. Graversen, D. Klocke, P. L. Langen, B. Stevens, and L. Tomassini, 2013:Climate feedback efficiency and synergy. Climate Dyn., 41, 2539-2554, doi:10.1007/s00382-013-1808-7.
25. Pithan, F., and T. Mauritsen, 2014 Arctic amplification dominated by temperature feedbacks in contemporary climate models. Nat. Geosci., 7, 181-184, doi:10.1038/ngeo2071.
26. Reichler, T., M. Dameris, and R. Sausen, 2003: Determining the tropopause height from gridded data. Geophys. Res. Lett., 30, 2042, doi:10.1029/2003GL018240.
27. Schneider, E. K., B. P.Kirtman, and R. S. Lindzen, 1999 Tropospheric water and climate sensitivity. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 1649-1658, doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1999)0561649:TWVACS2.0.CO;2.
28. Serreze, M. C., and J. Francis, 2006 The Arctic amplification debate. Climatic Change, 76, 241-264, doi:10.1007/s10584-005-9017-y.
29. Serreze, M. C., and G. B. Barry, 2011 Processes and impacts of Arctic amplification: A research synthesis. Global Planet. Change, 77, 85-96, doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2011.03.004.
30. Skific, N., and J. Francis, 2013 Drivers of projected change in arctic moist static energy transport. J. Geophys. Res., 118, 2748-2761, doi:10.1002/jgrd.50292.
31. Snedecor, G. W., 1956: Statistical Methods. Iowa State College Press, 534 pp.
32. Soden, B. J., I. M. Held, R. Colman, K. M. Shell, J. T. Kiehl, and C. A. Shields, 2008 Quantifying climate feedbacks using radiative kernels. J. Climate, 21, 3504-3520, doi:10.1175/2007JCLI2110.1.
33. Stroeve, J., M. M. Holland, W. Meier, T. Scambos, and M. Serreze, 2007: Arctic sea ice decline: Faster than forecast. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L09501, doi:10.1029/2007GL029703.
34. Vavrus, S., 2004 The impact of cloud feedbacks on Arctic climate under greenhouse forcing. J. Climate, 17, 603-615, doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2004)0170603:TIOCFO2.0.CO;2.
35. Wetherald, R. T., and S. Manabe, 1988 Cloud feedback processes in a general circulation model. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 1397-1416, doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1988)0451397:CFPIAG2.0.CO;2.
36. Winton, M., 2006: Amplified Arctic climate change: What does surface albedo feedback have to do with it? Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L03701, doi:10.1029/2005GL025244.