Predicting a complicated course of Clostridium difficile infection at the bedside

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

Volumn 20, Issue 5, 2014, Pages

  Hensgens, M P M ^a   Dekkers, O M ^a   Goorhuis, A ^b   Lecessie, S ^a   Kuijper, E J ^a  

^a LEIDEN UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^b ACADEMIC MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

CDI; Clostridium difficile infection; Complicated course; Mortality; Prediction rule

Indexed keywords

METRONIDAZOLE; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT;

ABDOMINAL SURGERY; ADULT; ARTICLE; BOOTSTRAPPING; CAUSE OF DEATH; CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE INFECTION; COLON RESECTION; DEATH; DIARRHEA; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; DISEASE COURSE; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; HUMAN; HYPOTENSION; INFECTION RISK; INTENSIVE CARE UNIT; LOGISTIC REGRESSION ANALYSIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; ABDOMEN; AGE; AGED; AREA UNDER THE CURVE; COMPLICATION; DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM; ENTEROCOLITIS, PSEUDOMEMBRANOUS; FEMALE; INTENSIVE CARE; MALE; MICROBIOLOGY; MIDDLE AGED; MORTALITY; PEPTOCLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE; PREDICTIVE VALUE; PROCEDURES; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; RECEIVER OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC; RISK ASSESSMENT; SURGERY; VALIDATION STUDY; VERY ELDERLY;

CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE;

ABDOMEN; AGE FACTORS; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS; AREA UNDER CURVE; CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE; COLECTOMY; DECISION SUPPORT TECHNIQUES; DIARRHEA; ENTEROCOLITIS, PSEUDOMEMBRANOUS; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYPOTENSION; INTENSIVE CARE; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; PROGNOSIS; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK ASSESSMENT; ROC CURVE;

EID: 84901607112     PISSN: 1198743X     EISSN: 14690691     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12391     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Bartlett JG. Narrative review: the new epidemic of Clostridium difficile-associated enteric disease. Ann Intern Med 2006; 145: 758-764.
2. Bauer MP, Kuijper EJ, van Dissel JT. European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID): treatment guidance document for Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). Clin Microbiol Infect 2009; 15: 1067-1079.
3. Loo VG, Poirier L, Miller MA et al. A predominantly clonal multi-institutional outbreak of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea with high morbidity and mortality. N Engl J Med 2005; 353: 2442-2449.
4. Oake N, Taljaard M, van Walraven C, Wilson K, Roth V, Forster AJ. The effect of hospital-acquired Clostridium difficile infection on in-hospital mortality. Arch Intern Med 2010; 170: 1804-1810.
5. Louie TJ, Miller MA, Mullane KM et al. Fidaxomicin versus vancomycin for Clostridium difficile infection. N Engl J Med 2011; 364: 422-431.
6. Zar FA, Bakkanagari SR, Moorthi KM, Davis MB. A comparison of vancomycin and metronidazole for the treatment of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea, stratified by disease severity. Clin Infect Dis 2007; 45: 302-307.
7. Johnson S, Gerding DN, Davidson D et al. Efficacy and safety of oral vancomycin versus oral metronidazole for treatment of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD): pooled results from two randomized clinical trials. Abstract #818. Presented at ID week, October 17-21, 2012, San Diego, USA.
8. Cohen SH, Gerding DN, Johnson S et al. Clinical practice guidelines for Clostridium difficile infection in adults: 2010 update by the society for healthcare epidemiology of America (SHEA) and the infectious diseases society of America (IDSA). Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2010; 31: 431-455.
9. Rodriguez-Pardo D, Almirante B, Bartolome RM et al. Epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection and risk factors for unfavorable clinical outcomes: results of a hospital-based study in Barcelona. Spain. J Clin Microbiol 2013; 51: 1465-1473.
10. Miller M, Gravel D, Mulvey M et al. Health care-associated Clostridium difficile infection in Canada: patient age and infecting strain type are highly predictive of severe outcome and mortality. Clin Infect Dis 2010; 50: 194-201.
11. Pepin J, Valiquette L, Alary ME et al. Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in a region of Quebec from 1991 to 2003: a changing pattern of disease severity. CMAJ 2004; 171: 466-472.
12. Miller M, Louie TJ, Mullane KM et al. Correlation of the ATLAS bedside scoring system and its components with cure, recurrence and global cure of Clostridium Difficile infection (CDI). 2010.
13. Fujitani S, George WL, Murthy AR. Comparison of clinical severity score indices for Clostridium difficile infection. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2011; 32: 220-228.
14. Bishara J, Peled N, Pitlik S, Samra Z. Mortality of patients with antibiotic-associated diarrhoea: the impact of Clostridium difficile. J Hosp Infect 2008; 68: 308-314.
15. Abou Chakra CN, Pepin J, Valiquette L. Prediction tools for unfavourable outcomes in Clostridium difficile infection: a systematic review. PLoS ONE 2012; 7: e30258.
16. Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, MacKenzie CR. A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J Chronic Dis 1987; 40: 373-383.
17. Sterne JA, White IR, Carlin JB et al. Multiple imputation for missing data in epidemiological and clinical research: potential and pitfalls. BMJ 2009; 338: b2393.
18. Bidet P, Lalande V, Salauze B et al. Comparison of PCR-ribotyping, arbitrarily primed PCR, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for typing Clostridium difficile. J Clin Microbiol 2000; 38: 2484-2487.
19. Paltansing S, van den Berg RJ, Guseinova RA, Visser CE, van der Vorm ER, Kuijper EJ. Characteristics and incidence of Clostridium difficile-associated disease in The Netherlands, 2005. Clin Microbiol Infect 2007; 13: 1058-1064.
20. Kuijper EJ, Coignard B, Tull P. Emergence of Clostridium difficile-associated disease in North America and Europe. Clin Microbiol Infect 2006; 12(suppl 6): 2-18.
21. McDonald LC, Coignard B, Dubberke E, Song X, Horan T, Kutty PK. Recommendations for surveillance of Clostridium difficile-associated disease. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2007; 28: 140-145.
22. Pepin J, Routhier S, Gagnon S, Brazeau I. Management and outcomes of a first recurrence of Clostridium difficile-associated disease in Quebec, Canada. Clin Infect Dis 2006; 42: 758-764.
23. Henrich TJ, Krakower D, Bitton A, Yokoe DS. Clinical risk factors for severe Clostridium difficile-associated disease. Emerg Infect Dis 2009; 15: 415-422.
24. Steyerberg E.W. Clinical prediction models. A practical approach to development, validation, and updating. 1-497. 2009. New York, NY: Springer, 2009.
25. Hensgens MP, Goorhuis A, Dekkers OM, van Benthem BH, Kuijper EJ. All-cause and disease-specific mortality in hospitalized patients with Clostridium difficile infection: a multicenter cohort study. Clin Infect Dis 2013; 56: 1108-1116.
26. Velazquez-Gomez IMD, Rocha-Rodriguez RMD, Toro DHMDFA, Gutierrez-Nunez JJMDF, Gonzalez GMD, Saavedra S. A severity score index for Clostridium difficile infection. Infect Dis Clin Pract 2008; 16: 376-378.
27. Belmares J, Gerding DN, Parada JP, Miskevics S, Weaver F, Johnson S. Outcome of metronidazole therapy for Clostridium difficile disease and correlation with a scoring system. J Infect 2007; 55: 495-501.
28. Valiquette L, Pepin J, Do XV et al. Prediction of complicated Clostridium difficile infection by pleural effusion and increased wall thickness on computed tomography. Clin Infect Dis 2009; 49: 554-560.
29. Toro DH, Amaral-Mojica KM, Rocha-Rodriguez R, Gutierrez-Nunez J. An innovative severity score index for Clostridium difficile infection: a prospective study. Infect Dis Clin Pract 2011; 19: 336-339.
30. Hu MY, Katchar K, Kyne L et al. Prospective derivation and validation of a clinical prediction rule for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection. Gastroenterology 2009; 136: 1206-1214.
31. Welfare MR, Lalayiannis LC, Martin KE, Corbett S, Marshall B, Sarma JB. Co-morbidities as predictors of mortality in Clostridium difficile infection and derivation of the ARC predictive score. J Hosp Infect 2011; 79: 359-363.
32. Bhangu S, Bhangu A, Nightingale P, Michael A. Mortality and risk stratification in patients with Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea. Colorectal Dis 2010; 12: 241-246.
33. Zilberberg MD, Shorr AF, Micek ST, Doherty JA, Kollef MH. Clostridium difficile-associated disease and mortality among the elderly critically ill. Crit Care Med 2009; 37: 2583-2589.
34. Rubin MS, Bodenstein LE, Kent KC. Severe Clostridium difficile colitis. Dis Colon Rectum 1995; 38: 350-354.
35. Morrison RH, Hall NS, Said M et al. Risk factors associated with complications and mortality in patients with Clostridium difficile infection. Clin Infect Dis 2011; 53: 1173-1178.
36. Kenneally C, Rosini JM, Skrupky LP et al. Analysis of 30-day mortality for Clostridium difficile-associated disease in the ICU setting. Chest 2007; 132: 418-424.
37. Sailhamer EA, Carson K, Chang Y et al. Fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis: patterns of care and predictors of mortality. Arch Surg 2009; 144: 433-439.
38. Dudukgian H, Sie E, Gonzalez-Ruiz C, Etzioni DA, Kaiser AM. C. difficile colitis-predictors of fatal outcome. J Gastrointest Surg 2010; 14: 315-322.
39. Gravel D, Miller M, Simor A et al. Health care-associated Clostridium difficile infection in adults admitted to acute care hospitals in Canada: a Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program Study. Clin Infect Dis 2009; 48: 568-576.
40. Bauer MP, Hensgens MP, Miller MA et al. Renal failure and leukocytosis are predictors of a complicated course of Clostridium difficile infection if measured on day of diagnosis. Clin Infect Dis 2012; 55(suppl 2): S149-S153.