HbA1c as a diagnostic test for diabetes mellitus - Reviewing the evidence

Clinical Biochemist Reviews

Volumn 34, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 75-83

  Florkowski, Chris ^a  

^a CANTERBURY HEALTH LABORATORIES   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84901331178     PISSN: 01598090     EISSN: 18380212     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. American Diabetes Association. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 2011;34(SUPPL 1):S62-9.
2. 1c) in the Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus. Abbreviated Report of a WHO Consultation. Geneva: WHO; 2011.
3. d'Emden MC, Shaw JE, Colman PG, Colagiuri S, Twigg SM, Jones GR, et al. The role of HbAic in the diagnosis of diabetes in Australia. Med J Aust 2012;197:220-1.
4. 1c units for the diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes. N Z Med J 2012;125:70-80.
5. Kilpatrick ES, Winocour PH. ABCD position statement on haemoglobin A1c for the diagnosis of diabetes. Pract Diab Int 2010;27:306-10.
6. Sikaris K. Application of the stockholm hierarchy to defining the quality of reference intervals and clinical decision limits. Clin Biochem Rev 2012;33:141-8.
7. UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). Lancet 1998;352:837-53.
8. Holman RR, Paul SK, Bethel MA, Matthews DR, Neil HA. 10-year follow-up of intensive glucose control in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2008;359:1577-89.
9. Zimmet P, Whitehouse S. Bimodality of fasting and two-hour glucose tolerance distributions in a Micronesian population. Diabetes 1978;27:793-800.
10. National Diabetes Data Group. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and other categories of glucose intolerance. Diabetes 1979;28:1039-57.
11. World Health Organization. WHO Expert Committee on Diabetes Mellitus. Second Report. WHO Technical Report Series 646. Geneva: WHO; 1980.
12. Report of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care 1997;20:1183-97.
13. World Health Organization. Definition and Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus and Intermediate Hyperglycemia: Report of a WHO/IDF Consultation. Geneva: WHO; 2006.
14. 1c, glycated albumin, and fructosamine and analysis of their weight functions against preceding plasma glucose level. Diabetes Care 1995;18:440-7.
15. Borch-Johnsen K, Colagiuri S. Diagnosing diabetes- time for a change? Diabetologia 2009;52:2247-50.
16. Dunstan DW, Zimmet PZ, Welborn TA, De Courten MP, Cameron AJ, Sicree RA, et al. The rising prevalence of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance: the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study. Diabetes Care 2002;25:829-34.
17. Valentine NA, Alhawassi TM, Roberts GW, Vora PP, Stranks SN, Doogue MP. Detecting undiagnosed diabetes using glycated haemoglobin: an automated screening test in hospitalised patients. Med J Aust 2011;194:160-4.
18. Bruns DE, Knowler WC. Stabilization of glucose in blood samples: why it matters. Clin Chem 2009;55:850-2.
19. Selvin E, Crainiceanu CM, Brancati FL, Coresh J. Short-term variability in measures of glycemia and implications for the classification of diabetes. Arch Intern Med 2007;167:1545-51.
20. RCPA Quality Assurance Programs Pty Ltd. http://www. rcpaqap.com.au (Accessed 7 June 2013).
21. Ko GT, Chan JC, Woo J, Lau E, Yeung VT, Chow C-C, et al. The reproducibility and usefulness of the oral glucose tolerance test in screening for diabetes and other cardiovascular risk factors. Ann Clin Biochem 1998;35:62-7.
22. Colagiuri S, Lee CM, Wong TY, Balkau B, Shaw JE, Borch-Johnsen K; DETECT-2 Collaboration Writing Group. Glycemic thresholds for diabetes-specific retinopathy: implications for diagnostic criteria for diabetes. Diabetes Care 2011;34:145-50.
23. Khaw KT, Wareham N, Bingham S, Luben R, Welch A, Day N. Association of hemoglobin A1c with cardiovascular disease and mortality in adults: the European prospective investigation into cancer in Norfolk. Ann Intern Med 2004;141:413-20.
24. Simon D, Coignet MC, Thibult N, Senan C, Eschwege E. Comparison of glycosylated hemoglobin and fasting plasma glucose with two-hour post-load plasma glucose in the detection of diabetes mellitus. Am J Epidemiol 1985;122:589-93.
25. International Expert Committee. International Expert Committee report on the role of the A1C assay in the diagnosis of diabetes. Diabetes Care 2009;32:1327-34.
26. Schunemann HJ, Oxman AD, Brozek J, Glasziou P, Jaeschke R, Vist GE, et al; GRADE Working Group. Grading quality of evidence and strength of recommendations for diagnostic tests and strategies. BMJ 2008;336:1106-10.
27. Colagiuri S, Davies D, Girgis S, Colagiuri R. National Evidence Based Guideline for Case Detection and Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes. Canberra: Diabetes Australia and National Health and Medical Research Council; 2009.
28. 1c. http://www.nzssd.org.nz/HbA1c.html (Accessed 7 June 2013).
29. RCPA Chemical Pathology Programs. Program information circular: glycohaemoglobin program, whole blood samples, 22/06/09. http://www.rcpaqap.com.au/ chempath/documents/uploadedfiles/455_Whole%20 Blood%20Samples%20270809.pdf (Accessed 6 June 2013).
30. 1c can be assessed with erythrocyte creatine in patients with a shortened erythrocyte age. Diabetes Care 1998;21:1732-5.
31. Coban E, Ozdogan M, Timuragaoglu A. Effect of iron deficiency anemia on the levels of hemoglobin A1c in nondiabetic patients. Acta Haematol 2004;112:126-8.
32. 1c Assay Interferences. http://www.ngsp.org/interf. asp (Accessed 7 June 2013).
33. 1c. J Med Ethics 2012;38:180-3.
34. Ziemer DC, Kolm P, Weintraub WS, Vaccarino V, Rhee MK, Twombly JG, et al. Glucose-independent, black-white differences in hemoglobin A1c levels: a cross-sectional analysis of 2 studies. Ann Intern Med 2010;152:770-7.
35. Lu ZX, Walker KZ, O'Dea K, Sikaris KA, Shaw JE. A1C for screening and diagnosis of type 2 diabetes in routine clinical practice. Diabetes Care 2010;33:817-9.
36. 1c for the diagnosis of diabetes and prediabetes: is it time for a mid-course correction? J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010;95:5203-6.