Thermal stability and combustion behavior of flame-retardant polypropylene with thermoplastic polyurethane-microencapsulated ammonium polyphosphate

High Performance Polymers

Volumn 26, Issue 4, 2014, Pages 445-454

  Chen, Man ^a   Xu, Yang ^a   Chen, Xiaolang ^a   Ma, Yonghong ^a   He, Weidi ^a   Yu, Jie ^b   Zhang, Zhibin ^a  

^a SOUTHWEST JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b NATIONAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH CENTER FOR COMPOUNDING AND MODIFICATION OF POLYMER MATERIALS   (China)

Author keywords

ammonium polyphosphate; flame retardancy; Polypropylene; thermal stability; thermoplastic polyurethane

Indexed keywords

FLAME RETARDANTS; FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; MECHANICAL PROPERTIES; MICROENCAPSULATION; POLYURETHANES; REINFORCED PLASTICS; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; THERMODYNAMIC STABILITY; THERMOGRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS;

AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATES; COMBUSTION BEHAVIOR; FLAME RETARDANCY; FLAME-RETARDANT POLYPROPYLENE; LIMITING OXYGEN INDEX; MECHANICAL PROPERTIES TEST; THERMOPLASTIC POLYURETHANES; VERTICAL BURNING TESTS;

POLYPROPYLENES;

EID: 84901061060     PISSN: 09540083     EISSN: 13616412     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0954008313517910     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Chen X, Yu J, Guo S. Structure and properties of polypropylene composites filled with magnesium hydroxide. J Mater Sci. 2006 ; 102: 4943-4951
2. Wu K, Song L, Wang Z, Hu Y. Preparation and characterization of double shell microencapsulated ammonium polyphosphate and its flame retardance in polypropylene. J Polym Res. 2009 ; 16: 283-294
3. Chen X, Yu J, Guo S, Luo Z, He M. Effects of magnesium hydroxide and its surface modification on crystallization and rheological behaviors of polypropylene. Polym Compos. 2009 ; 30: 941-947
4. Laoutid F, Bonnaud L, Alexandre M, Lopez-Cuesta JM, Dubois P. New prospects in flame retardant polymer materials: from fundamentals to nanocomposites. Mater Sci Eng, R. 2009 ; 63: 100-125
5. Chen X, Yu Z, Liu W, Zhang S. Synergistic effect of decabromodiphenyl ethane and montmorillonite on flame retardancy of polypropylene. Polym Degrad Stab. 2009 ; 94: 1520-1525
6. Zhang P, Song L, Lu H, Hu Y, Xing W, Ni J, et al. Synergistic effect of nanoflaky manganese phosphate on thermal degradation and flame retardant properties of intumescent flame retardant polypropylene system. Polym Degrad Stab. 2009 ; 94: 201-207
7. Li Z, Qu B. Flammability characterization and synergistic effects of expandable graphite with magnesium hydroxide in halogen-free flame-retardant EVA blends. Polym Degrad Stab. 2003 ; 81: 401-408
8. Liu M, Liu Y, Wang Q. Flame-retarded poly(propylene) with melamine phosphate and pentaerythritol/polyurethane composite charring agent. Macromol Mater Eng. 2007 ; 292: 206-213
9. Nie S, Hu Y, Song L, He S, Yang D. Study on a novel and efficient flame retardant synergist-nanoporous nickel phosphates VSB-1 with intumescent flame retardants in polypropylene. Polym Adv Technol. 2008 ; 19: 489
10. Atikler U, Demir H, Tokatl F, Thmnlolu F, Balköse D, Ülkü S. Optimisation of the effect of colemanite as a new synergistic agent in an intumescent system. Polym Degrad Stab. 2006 ; 91: 1563-1570
11. Li Y, Yin B, Yang M, Feng J. Effect of ultrafine full-vulcanized powdered rubber on the properties of the intumescent fire retardant polypropylene. J Macromol Sci, B: Phys. 2010 ; 49: 143-154
12. Camino1 G, Sgobbi R, Zaopo A, Colombier S, Scelza C. Investigation of flame retardancy in EVA. Fire Mater. 2000 ; 24: 85-90
13. Wang N, Zhang J, Fang Q, Hui D. Influence of mesoporous fillers with PP-g-MA on flammability and tensile behavior of polypropylene composites. Compos B. 2013 ; 44: 467-471
14. Liu L, Zhang Y, Li L, Wang Z. Microencapsulated ammonium polyphosphate with epoxy resin shell: preparation, characterization, and application in EP system. Polym Adv Technol. 2011 ; 22: 2403-2408
15. Lin H, Yan H, Liu B, Wei L, Xu B. The influence of KH-550 on properties of ammonium polyphosphate and polypropylene flame retardant composites. Polym Degrad Stab. 2011 ; 96: 1382-1388
16. Li Y, Li B, Dai J, Jia H, Gao S. Synergistic effects of lanthanum oxide on a novel intumescent flame retardant polypropylene system. Polym Degrad Stab. 2008 ; 93: 9-16
17. Demir H, Balköse D, Ülkü S. Influence of surface modification of fillers and polymer on flammability and tensile behaviour of polypropylene-composites. Polym Degrad Stab. 2006 ; 91: 1079-1085
18. Zhang X, Guo F, Chen J, Wang G, Liu H. Investigation of interfacial modification for flame retardant ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer/alumina trihydrate nanocomposites. Polym Degrad Stab. 2005 ; 87: 411-418
19. Anna P, Marosi G, Bourbigot S, Le Bras M, Delobel R. Intumescent flame retardant systems of modified rheology. Polym Degrad Stab. 2002 ; 77: 243-247
20. Li B, He J. Investigation of mechanical property, flame retardancy and thermal degradation of LLDPE-wood-fibre composites. Polym Degrad Stab. 2004 ; 83: 241-246
21. Jiao Y, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang D, Zhai Y, Lin J. Thermal degradation and combustion behaviors of flame-retardant polypropylene/thermoplastic polyurethane blends. J Macromol Sci, B: Phys. 2009 ; 48: 889-909
22. Lai X, Zeng X, Li H, Liao F, Zhang H, Yin C. Preparation and properties of flame retardant polypropylene with an intumescent system encapsulated by thermoplastic polyurethane. J Macromol Sci, B: Phys. 2012 ; 51: 35-47
23. Wu K, Wang Z, Liang H. Microencapsulation of ammonium polyphosphate: preparation, characterization, and its flame retardance in polypropylene. Polym Compos. 2008 ; 29: 854-860
24. El-Shekeil1 YA, Sapuan SM, Khalina A, Zainudin ES, Al-Shuja'a OM. Influence of chemical treatment on the tensile properties of kenaf fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane composite. eXPRESS Polym Lett. 2012 ; 6: 1032-1040
25. Rajan KP, Al-Ghamdi A, Ramesh P, Nando GB. Blends of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and polydimethyl siloxane rubber (PDMS), part-I: assessment of compatibility from torque rheometry and mechanical properties. J Polym Res. 2012 ; 19: 1-13
26. Chen X, Yu J, Lu S, Wu H, Guo S, Luo Z. Combustion characteristics of polypropylene/magnesium hydroxide/expandable graphite composites. J Macromol Sci, B: Phys. 2009 ; 48: 1081-1092
27. Chen X, Yu J, Qin J, Luo Z, Hu S, He M. Combustion behaviour and synergistic effect of zinc borate and microencapsulated red phosphorus with magnesium hydroxide in flame-retarded polypropylene composites. Polym Polym Compos. 2011 ; 19: 491-496
28. Chen X, Yu J, Lu S, Wu H, Guo S, Luo Z. Combustion characteristics of polypropylene/magnesium hydroxide/ expandable graphite composites. J Macromol Sci, B: Phys. 2009 ; 48: 1081-1092
29. Ye L, Qu B. Flammability characteristics and flame retardant mechanism of phosphate-intercalated hydrotalcite in halogen-free flame retardant EVA blends. Polym Degrad Stab. 2008 ; 93: 918-924
30. Zhang R, Xiao X, Tai Q, Huang H, Hu Y. Modification of lignin and its application as char agent in intumescent flame-retardant poly(lactic acid). Polym Eng Sci. 2012 ; 52: 2620-2626
31. Chen X, Jiao C. Synergistic effects of hydroxy silicone oil on intumescent flame retardant polypropylene system. Fire Saf J. 2009 ; 44: 1010-1014
32. Kim S. Flame retardancy and smoke suppression of magnesium hydroxide filled polyethylene. J Polym Sci, B: Polym Phys. 2003 ; 41: 936-944
33. Usta N. Investigation of fire behavior of rigid polyurethane foams containing fly ash and intumescent flame retardant by using a cone calorimeter. J Appl Polym Sci. 2012 ; 124: 3372-3382