Humanitarian intervention as a perfect duty: A kantian argument

Humanitarian Intervention

Volumn , Issue , 2006, Pages 117-140

  Bagnoli, Carla ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MILWAUKEE   (United States)

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EID: 84900271509     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (47)

1. See Nicholas J. Wheeler, Saving Strangers: Humanitarian Interventionin International Society (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000);
2. Brian D. Lepard, Rethinking Humanitarian Intervention: A Fresh Legal Approach Basedon Fundamental Ethical Principles in International Law and World Religions (University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2002);
3. Pierre Laberge, "Humanitarian Intervention: Three Ethical Positions," Ethics andInternational Affairs, 9 (1995): 15-35.
4. This view finds a variety of supporters: see, for example, ElizabethAnscombe, "War and Massacre," in War and Morality, ed. Richard A. Wasserstrom, 41-53 (Belmont, Calif.: Wadsworth Publishing Company, 1970);
5. Michael Walzer, Just and Unjust Wars: A Moral Argument with HistoricalIllustrations (New York: Basic Books, 1977), 106-8;
6. John Rawls, TheLaw of Peoples (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1999), 80-81;
7. and Terry Nardin, "The Moral Basis of Humanitarian Intervention," Ethicsand International Affairs, 16, no. 1 (2002): 57-71.
8. See Terry Nardin, "Introduction," this volume.
9. Kant, Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, trans. Mary Gregor, ed. Christine Korsgaard (Cambridge: CambridgeUniversity Press, 1998 [1785]), 4:429.
10. The issue is addressed by Rawls, Law of Peoples, 80ff.
11. See Nardin, "Introduction"
12. Joseph Boyle, "Traditional Just WarTheory and Humanitarian Intervention," this volume, chap. 1.
13. Kok-ChorTan, in "The Duty to Protect," this volume, chap. 3, 111
14. Walzer, Just and Unjust Wars, xiii.
15. Kant, Metaphysical Principles of Virtue, in Immanuel Kant's PracticalPhilosophy, trans. and ed. J. Ellington (Indianapolis: Hackett PublishingCompany, 1983 [1797]), 6:220.
16. Kant, Metaphysical Principles of Virtue, 6:218-19.
17. See Allen Wood, "The Final Form of Kant's Practical Philosophy," Southern Journal of Philosophy 36 (1997): 7-9;
18. Thomas Hill Jr. "Punishment, Conscience, and Moral Worth," Southern Journal of Philosophy 36 (1997): 51-71.
19. Kant, Metaphysical Principles of Virtue, 6:390.
20. Kant, Metaphysical Principles of Virtue, 6:390.
21. For an illuminating investigation of this kind of indeterminacy, see Onora O'Neill, "Instituting Principles: Between Duty and Action," Southern Journal of Philosophy 36 (1997): 79-96.
22. Kant, Metaphysical Principles of Virtue, 6:390. Emphasis added.
23. Wheeler, Saving Strangers, 34ff., defines humanitarian interventionas aiming at the promotion of a positive humanitarian outcome.
24. Rawls, Law of Peoples, 80. Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Articles 3-18.
25. In later works, Kant distinguishes between humanity and moralpersonality. See Kant, Religion within the Limits of Reason Alone, trans. Theodor Green and Hoyt Hudson, ed. John Silber (New York: HarperTorchbooks, 1960 [1793]), n. 26. Cf.
26. Allen Wood, Kant's Ethical Thought (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999), 364-66.
27. Rawls, "Kantian Constructivism in Moral Theory," Journal of Philosophy 77 (1980): 546.
28. "Humanity insofar as it is capable of morality is thatwhich alone has dignity."
29. Kant, Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, 4:434-35.
30. Kant, Metaphysical Principles of Virtue, 6:436.
31. Stephen Darwall, "Two Kinds of Respect," Ethics 88 (1977): 36-49.
32. see Bagnoli, "Respect and Loving Attention," Canadian Journal of Philosophy 33 (2003): 483-516.
33. Kant, Metaphysical Principles of Virtue, 6:462.
34. See, for example, Walzer, Just and Unjust Wars, xxv-xxxii.
35. See Boyle, "Traditional Just War Theory and Humanitarian Intervention," this volume.
36. Kant, Metaphysical Principles of Virtue, 6:230:24-26
37. See Thomas Pogge, "Is Kant's Rechtslehre Comprehensive?" SouthernJournal of Philosophy 36 (1997): 167-72.
38. I am indebted to Thomas Pogge on this point. Pogge, "Is Kant'sRechtslehre Comprehensive?" 168-69.
39. Joel Feinberg, "The Nature and Value of Rights," in Rights, Justice, and the Bounds of Liberty (Princeton: Princeton University Press), 1980.
40. On the relation between respect and mutual recognition, see Bagnoli, "Respect and Loving Attention."
41. For an extended argument aboutmorality and the practices of mutual accountability, see Thomas Scanlon, What We Owe to Each Other (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1999).
42. This is Hegel's insight. See George Frederick Hegel, Elements of thePhilosophy of Right, ed. A. Wood, trans. H. B. Nisbet (Cambridge: CambridgeUniversity Press, 1991), 126-27.
43. I take his conception of punishmentto be one that can be grounded on a Kantian argument. See Thomas Hill, "Punishment, Conscience, and Moral Worth,"
44. and also NelsonPotter, "Comment on Hill: Punishment, Conscience, and MoralWorth," Southern Journal of Philosophy 36 (1997): 51-72 and 73-78, respectively.
45. See, e.g., Brian Orend, War and International Justice: AKantian Perspective (Waterloo, Ontario: Wilfried Laurier University Press, 2000), 187.
46. See Walzer, Just and UnjustWars, xiv.
47. See Orend, War and International Justice, 187.