Continuous Bioconversion of the Lipids of Corn, Wheat, and Triticale Distiller's Dried Grains with Solubles to Biodiesel in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and Characterization of the Products

Bioenergy Research

Volumn 7, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 702-710

  Ciftci, Ozan Nazim ^a   Temelli, Feral ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Biodiesel; Characterization; DDGS; Lipase; Supercritical carbon dioxide

Indexed keywords

BIOCONVERSION; BIODIESEL; CHARACTERIZATION; GRAIN (AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT); LIPASES; LIPIDS; SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION;

BIODIESEL INDUSTRY; CLOUD POINTS; DDGS; FATTY ACID METHYL ESTER; HEAT OF COMBUSTION; IMMOBILIZED LIPASE; OXIDATIVE STABILITY; SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDES;

CARBON DIOXIDE;

TRITICOSECALE; TRITICUM AESTIVUM; ZEA MAYS;

EID: 84899981344     PISSN: 19391234     EISSN: 19391242     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s12155-013-9394-4     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Winkler JK, Rennick KA, Eller FJ, Vaughn SF (2007) Phytosterol and tocopherol components in extracts of corn distiller's dried grain. J Agric Food Chem 55: 6482-6486.
2. Stallings CC (2009) Distiller's grains for dairy cattle and potential environmental impact. Virginia Cooperative Extension. http://pubs. ext. vt. edu/404/404-135/404-135. html. Accessed 26 Mar 2012.
3. Wierenga KT, McAllister TA, Gibb DJ, Chaves AV, Okine EK, Beauchemin KA, Oba M (2010) Evaluation of triticale dried distillers grains with solubles as a substitute for barley grain and barley silage in feedlot finishing diets. J Anim Sci 88: 3018-3029.
4. Haas MJ, Scott KM, Foglia TA, Marmer WN (2007) The general applicability of in situ transesterification for the production of fatty acid esters from a variety of feedstocks. J Am Oil Chem Soc 84: 963-970.
5. 2. Ind Eng Chem Res 39: 4450-4454.
6. Lee JH, Kwon CH, Kang JW, Park C, Tae B, Kim SW (2009) Biodiesel production from various oils under supercritical fluid conditions by Candida antartica lipase B using a stepwise reaction method. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 156: 454-464.
7. Dalla Rosa C, Morandim MB, Ninow JL, Oliveira D, Treichel H, Oliveira JV (2009) Continuous lipase-catalyzed production of fatty acid ethyl esters from soybean oil in compressed fluids. Bioresour Technol 100: 5818-5826.
8. Lubary M, Jansens PJ, ter Horst JH (2010) Integrated synthesis and extraction of short-chain fatty acid esters by supercritical carbon dioxide. AIChE J 56: 1080-1089.
9. Rodrigues AR, Alexandre P, da Silva MG, Simões P, Barreiros S (2011) Continuous enzymatic production of biodiesel from virgin and waste sunflower oil in supercritical carbon dioxide. J Supercrit Fluids 56: 259-264.
10. Ciftci ON, Temelli F (2011) Continuous production of fatty acid methyl esters from corn oil in a supercritical carbon dioxide bioreactor. J Supercrit Fluids 58: 79-87.
11. Ciftci ON, Calderon J, Temelli F (2012) Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of corn distiller's dried grains with solubles: experiments and mathematical modeling. J Agric Food Chem 60: 12482-12490.
12. ASTM Standard D6584 (2003) Standard test method for determination of total monoglyceride, total diglyceride, total triglyceride, and free and total glycerin in B-100 biodiesel methyl esters by gas chromatography. ASTM International, West Conshohocken.
13. Ciftci ON, Temelli F (2013) Enzymatic conversion of corn oil into biodiesel in a batch supercritical carbon dioxide reactor and kinetic modeling. J Supercrit Fluids 75: 172-180.
14. Davis JP, Geller D, Faircloth WH, Sanders TH (2009) Comparisons of biodiesel produced from unrefined oils of different peanut cultivars. J Am Oil Chem Soc 86: 353-361.
15. Xu YX, Hanna MA (2009) Synthesis and characterization of hazelnut oil-based biodiesel. Ind Crop Prod 29: 473-479.
16. Garcia S, Lourenco NMT, Lousa D, Sequeira AF, Mimoso P, Cabral JMS, Afonso CAM, Barreiros S (2004) A comparative study of biocatalysis in non-conventional solvents: ionic liquids, supercritical fluids and organic media. Green Chem 6: 466-470.
17. Jain S, Sharma MP (2012) Application of thermogravimetric analysis for thermal stability of Jatropha curcas biodiesel. Fuel 93: 252-257.
18. ASTM Standard D240-02 (2002) Standard test method for heat of combustion of liquid hydrocarbon fuels by bomb calorimeter. ASTM International, West Conshohocken.
19. Ciftci ON, Temelli F (2013) Continuous biocatalytic conversion of the oil of corn distiller's dried grains with solubles to fatty acid methyl esters in supercritical carbon dioxide. Biomass Bioenergy 54: 140-146.
20. Laudani CG, Habulin M, Knez Z, Porta GD, Reverchon E (2007) Immobilized lipase mediated long-chain fatty acid esterification in dense carbon dioxide: bench-scale packed-bed reactor study. J Supercrit Fluids 41: 74-81.
21. Romero MD, Calvo L, Alba C, Habulin M, Primozic M, Knez Z (2005) Enzymatic synthesis of isoamyl acetate with immobilized Candida antarctica lipase in supercritical carbon dioxide. J Supercrit Fluids 33: 77-84.
22. ASTM D6751-12 (2012) Standard specification for biodiesel fuel blend stock (B100) for middle distillate fuels. ASTM International, West Conshohocken.
23. Moreau RA, Liu K, Singh V, Winkler-Moser JK (2011) Changes in lipid composition during dry grind ethanol processing of corn. J Am Oil Chem Soc 88: 435-442.
24. Jenab E, Temelli F, Curtis JM (2013) Lipase-catalyzed interesterification between canola oil and fully-hydrogenated canola oil in contact with supercritical carbon dioxide. Food Chem 141: 2220-2228.
25. Owen K, Coley T (1995) Automotive fuels reference book. Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale.
26. Allen CAW, Watts KC, Ackman RG, Pegg MG (1999) Predicting the viscosity of biodiesel fuels from their fatty acid ester composition. Fuel 78: 1319-1326.
27. Ghobadian B, Rahimi H, Hashjin TT, Khatamifar M (2008) Production of bioethanol and sunflower methyl ester and investigation of fuel blend properties. J Agric Sci 10: 225-232.
28. Knothe G (2005) Dependence of biodiesel fuel properties on the structure of fatty acid alkyl esters. Fuel Process Technol 86: 1059-1070.
29. Lin CY, Li RJ (2009) Fuel properties of biodiesel produced from the crude fish oil from the soapstock of marine fish. Fuel Process Technol 90: 130-136.
30. Sarin R, Sharma M, Sinharay S, Malhotra RK (2007) Jatropha-palm biodiesel blends: an optimum mix for Asia. Fuel 86: 1365-1371.
31. Demirbas A (2009) Characterization of biodiesel fuels. Energ Sources Part A 31: 889-896.
32. Knothe G, Steidley KR (2005) Kinematic viscosity of biodiesel fuel components and related compounds. Influence of compound structure and comparison to petrodiesel fuel components. Fuel 84: 1059-1065.
33. Dunn RO (2005) Cold weather properties and performance of biodiesel. In: Knothe G, Krahl J, van Gerpen J (eds) The biodiesel handbook. AOCS, Champaign, pp 83-126.
34. Dunn RO (1999) Thermal analysis of alternative diesel fuels from vegetable oils. J Am Oil Chem Soc 76: 109-115.
35. Chiou BS, El-Mashad HM, Avena-Bustillos RJ, Dunn RO, Bechtel PJ, McHugh TH, Imam SH, Glenn GM, Orts WJ, Zhang R (2008) Biodiesel from waste salmon oil. T ASABE 51: 797-802.
36. ASTM Standard E2009-08 (2008) Standard test method for oxidation onset temperature of hydrocarbons by differential scanning calorimetry. ASTM International, West Conshohocken.
37. Tang H, Wang A, Salley SO, Ng KYS (2008) The effect of natural and synthetic antioxidants on the oxidative stability of biodiesel. J Am Oil Chem Soc 85: 373-382.
38. Liang YC, May CY, Foon CS, Ngan MA, Hock CC, Basiron Y (2006) The effect of natural and synthetic antioxidants on the oxidative stability of palm diesel. Fuel 85: 867-870.
39. Dunn RO (2005) Effect of antioxidants on the oxidative stability of methyl soyate (biodiesel). Fuel Process Technol 86: 1071-1085.
40. Wan NWB, Ani FN, Masjuki HH (2005) Thermal stability evaluation of palm oil as energy transport media. Energy Convers Manag 46: 2198-2215.
41. Demirbas A (1997) Calculation of higher heating values of biomass fuels. Fuel 76: 431-434.