Renal failure in lithium-treated bipolar disorder: A retrospective cohort study

PLoS ONE

Volumn 9, Issue 3, 2014, Pages

  Close, Helen ^a   Reilly, Joe ^a,b   Mason, James M ^a   Kripalani, Mukesh ^b   Wilson, Douglas ^a   Main, John ^c   Hungin, A Pali S ^a  

^a DURHAM UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^b Woodside Resource Centre   (United Kingdom)

^c SOUTH TEES HOSPITALS NHS FOUNDATION TRUST   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

LITHIUM CARBONATE; LITHIUM;

ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; AGED; ARTICLE; BIPOLAR DISORDER; COHORT ANALYSIS; COMORBIDITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DRUG EXPOSURE; FEMALE; HIGH RISK PATIENT; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; KIDNEY FAILURE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; UNITED KINGDOM; VALIDATION STUDY; ADOLESCENT; BIOLOGICAL MODEL; CHEMICALLY INDUCED; MIDDLE AGED; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODEL; REPRODUCIBILITY; SURVIVAL; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TREATMENT WITHDRAWAL; VERY ELDERLY; YOUNG ADULT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; BIPOLAR DISORDER; FEMALE; HUMANS; LITHIUM; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODELS; RENAL INSUFFICIENCY; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK FACTORS; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS; TREATMENT OUTCOME; WITHHOLDING TREATMENT; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84899951506     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090169     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Oakley PW, Whyte IM, Carter GL. (2001) Lithium toxicity: an iatrogenic problem in susceptible individuals. Australia and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry; 35: 833-40. (Pubitemid 34048456)
2. Kripalani M, Shawcross J, Reilly J, Main J. (2009) Lithium and chronic kidney disease. BMJ; 339: b2452.
3. Gitlin M. (1999) Lithium and the kidney: an updated review. Drug Safety; 20(3): 231-43.
4. Kallner G, Petterson U. (1995) Renal, thyroid and parathyroid function during lithium treatment: Laboratory tests in 207 people treated for 1-30 years. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica; 91(1): 48-51.
5. Schou M, Hansen HE, Thomsen K, Vestergaard P. (1989) Lithium treatment in Aarhus. 2. Risk of renal failure and of intoxication. Pharmacopsychiatry; 22(3): 101-3. (Pubitemid 19144253)
6. Hetmar O, Brun C, Ladefoged J, Larsen S, Bolwig TG. (1989) Long-term effects of lithium on the kidney: Functional-morphological correlations. Journal of Psychiatric Research; 23(3-4): 285-297. (Pubitemid 20162903)
7. Hetmar O, Brun C, Clemmesen L, Ladefoged J, Larsen S, et al. (1987) Lithium: long-term effects on the kidney-II. Structural changes. Journal of Psychiatric Research; 21(3): 279-88.
8. Boton R, Gaviria M, Batlle DC. (1987) Prevalence, pathogenesis, and treatment of renal dysfunction associated with chronic lithium therapy. American Journal of Kidney Diseases; 10(5): 329-345. (Pubitemid 17161686)
9. Lepkifker E, Sverdlik A, Lancu I, Ziv R, Segev S, et al. (2004) Renal insufficiency in long-term lithium treatment. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry; 65(6): 850-6.
10. Bendz H, Aurell M, Lanke J. (2001) A historical cohort study of kidney damage in long-term lithium patients: continued surveillance needed. European Psychiatry; 16(4): 199-206. (Pubitemid 32591790)
11. Paul R, Minay J, Cardwell C, Fogarty D, Kelly C. (2009) Meta-analysis of the effects of lithium usage on serum creatinine levels J Psychoparhacol Online First doi:10.1177/0269881109104930.
12. Bocchetta A, Ardua R, Carta P, Ligas F, Sardu C, et al. (2013) Duration of lithium treatment is a risk factor for reduced glomerular function: a cross-sectional study. BMC Medicine, 11: 33; 1-6.
13. Hullin RP, Coley VP, Birch NJ, Thomas TH, and Morgan DB. (1979) Renal function after long-term treatment with lithium. Br. Med. J; 1: 1457-1459. (Pubitemid 9202379)
14. Bendz H. Kidney function in a selected lithium population. A prospective, controlled, lithium-withdrawal study. (1985) Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. 72(5): 451-63. (Pubitemid 16173563)
15. Hetmar O, Rafaelsen OJ. (1987) Lithium: long-term effects on the kidney. IV. Renal lithium clearance. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. 76: 193-198.
16. Bendz H, Sjodin I, Aurell M. (1996) Renal function on and off lithium in patients treated with lithium for 15 years or more. A controlled, prospective lithium-withdrawal study. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation. 11(3): 457-60. (Pubitemid 26093740)
17. Coskunol H, Simavi V, Mees D, Basi E, Bayindir A, et al. (1997) Renal side-effects of long-term lithium treatment. Journal of Affective Disorders; 43: 5-10.
18. Turan T, Eşel E, Tokgöz B, Aslan S, Sofuoǧlu S, et al. (2002) Effects of short-and long-term lithium treatment on kidney functioning in patients with bipolar mood disorder. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry; 26: 561-565. (Pubitemid 34252951)
19. Werneke U, Ott M, Salander-Renberg E, Taylor D, Stegmayr B. (2012) A decision analysis of long-term lithium treatment and the risk of renal failure. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica: 126; 186-197.
20. McKnight RF, Adida M, Budge K, Stockton S, Goodwin GM, et al. (2012) Lithium toxicity profile: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet; published online Jan 20. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61516-X.
21. Cipriani A, Pretty H, Hawton K, Geddes JR. (2005) Lithium in the prevention of suicidal behaviour and all-cause mortality in patients with mood disorders: a systematic review of randomised trials. American Journal of Psychiatry; 162: 1805-1819. (Pubitemid 41428610)
22. Cipriani A, Hawton K, Stockton S, Geddes JR. (2013) Lithium in the prevention of suicide in mood disorders: updated systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ: 346: f3646.
23. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. (2006) The management of bipolar disorder in adults, children and adolescents, in primary and secondary care. Clinical guideline 38. http://www.nice.org.uk/Guidance/CG38.
24. American Psychiatric Association. (2002) Treatment of patients with bipolar disorder, 2nd Edition (clinical practice guideline), Arlington. DOI:10.1176/appi.books.9780890423363.50051.
25. General Practice Research Database (GPRD) http://www.gprd.com/academia/ mrc.asp (accessed 09.04.09).
26. Communities and local government. Indices of Deprivation (2007) http://www.communities.gov.uk/communities/neighbourhoodrenewal/deprivation/ deprivation07/(accessed 09.04.09).
27. World Health Organisation Defined Daily Dose Drug Information (2008) http://www.who.int/druginformation (accessed 09.04.09).
28. Stata Version 10.0IC (2009). StataCorp, 4905 Lakeway Drive, College Station, Texas 77845 USA.
29. Cox DR. (1972) Regression models and life tables (with discussion). J R Stat Soc B; 34: 187-220.
30. SPSS version 15 for Windows (SPSS Inc. 233 S. Wacker Drive, Chicago, IL 60606-6307).
31. Hill AB. (1965) The Environment and Disease: Association or Causation? Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine; 58: 295-300.
32. Grünfeld JP, Rossier BC. (2009) Lithium nephrotoxicity revisited. Nat. Rev. Nephrol. 5: 270-276.
33. Markowitz GS, Radhakrishnan J, Kambham N, Valeri AM, Hines WH, et al. (2000) Lithium nephrotoxicity: a progressive combined glomerular and tubulointerstitial nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol. 11(8): 1439-48. (Pubitemid 30483460)
34. Farres MT, Ronco P, Saadoun D, Remy P, Vincent F, et al. (2003) Chronic lithium nephropathy: MR imaging for diagnosis. Radiology; 229: 570-574. (Pubitemid 37310848)
35. Hsu C-y, Irribarren C, McCulloch CE, Darbinian J, Go AS. (2009) Risk factors for end-stage renal disease: 25-year follow-up. Arch Int Med; 169: 342-350.
36. The BALANCE investigators and collaborators. (2010) Lithium plus valproate combination therapy versus monotherapy for relapse prevention in bipolar I disorder (BALANCE): A randomised open-label trial Lancet, 375 (9712), 385-395.
37. NHS Information Centre. (2007-2008) Quality Outcomes Framework summary tables. http://www.ic.nhs.uk/webfiles/QOF/2007-08/NewFilesGS/ National%20QOF%20tables%202007-08%20-%20clinical.xls (Accessed 17.11.08).
38. van Staa TP, Travis S, Leufkens HGM, Logan RF. (2004) 5-Aminosalicylic acids and the risk of renal disease: A large British epidemiologic study. Gastroenterology; 126: 1733-1739. (Pubitemid 38736338)
39. Suissa S. (2008) Immeasurable Time Bias in Observational Studies of Drug Effects on Mortality Am. J. Epidemiol. 168(3): 329-335.