Pharmacotherapy of treatment-resistant schizophrenia: A clinical perspective

Evidence-Based Mental Health

Volumn 17, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 33-37

  Dold, Markus ^a   Leucht, Stefan ^a,b  

^a TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

NEUROLEPTIC AGENT;

HUMAN; SCHIZOPHRENIA; TREATMENT FAILURE;

ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS; HUMANS; SCHIZOPHRENIA; TREATMENT FAILURE;

EID: 84899489706     PISSN: 13620347     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/eb-2014-101813     Document Type: Review

References (46)

1. Hasan A, Falkai P, Wobrock T, et al. World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) Guidelines for Biological Treatment of Schizophrenia, part 1: update 2012 on the acute treatment of schizophrenia and the management of treatment resistance. World J Biol Psychiatry 2012;13:318-78.
2. Suzuki T, Remington G, Mulsant BH, et al. Treatment resistant schizophrenia and response to antipsychotics: a review. Schizophr Res 2011;133:54-62.
3. Buchanan RW, Kreyenbuhl J, Kelly DL, et al. The 2009 schizophrenia PORT psychopharmacological treatment recommendations and summary statements. Schizophr Bull 2010;36:71-93.
4. Lehman AF, Lieberman JA, Dixon LB, et al. Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with schizophrenia, second edition. Am J Psychiatry 2004;161(Suppl 2):1-56.
5. NICE. Schizophrenia: full national guideline on core interventions in primary and secondary care. National Institute for Clinical Excellence, 2003.
6. Kane J, Honigfeld G, Singer J, et al. Clozapine for the treatment-resistant schizophrenic. A double-blind comparison with chlorpromazine. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1988;45:789-96.
7. Suzuki T, Remington G, Mulsant BH, et al. Defining treatment-resistant schizophrenia and response to antipsychotics: a review and recommendation. Psychiatry Res 2012;197:1-6.
8. Demjaha A, Murray RM, McGuire PK, et al. Dopamine synthesis capacity in patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 2012;169:1203-10.
9. Dold M, Leucht S. Pharmakotherapie der therapieresistenten Schizophrenie. PSYCH up2date, 2014.
10. Leucht S, Heres S, Kissling W, et al. Pharmacological treatment of schizophrenia. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 2013;81:e1-13.
11. Leucht S, Heres S, Kissling W, et al. Evidence-based pharmacotherapy of schizophrenia. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2011;14:269-84.
12. Goff DC, Hill M, Freudenreich O. Strategies for improving treatment adherence in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 2010;71(Suppl 2):20-6.
13. Gardner DM, Murphy AL, O'Donnell H, et al. International consensus study of antipsychotic dosing. Am J Psychiatry 2010;167:686-93.
14. Agid O, Kapur S, Arenovich T, et al. Delayed-onset hypothesis of antipsychotic action: a hypothesis tested and rejected. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2003;60:1228-35.
15. Leucht S, Busch R, Kissling W, et al. Early prediction of antipsychotic nonresponse among patients with schizophrenia. J Clin Psychiatry 2007;68:352-60.
16. Kapur S, Arenovich T, Agid O, et al. Evidence for onset of antipsychotic effects within the first 24 hours of treatment. Am J Psychiatry 2005;162:939-46.
17. Suzuki T, Remington G, Arenovich T, et al. Time course of improvement with antipsychotic medication in treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Br J Pychiatry 2011;199:275-80.
18. Hiemke C, Baumann P, Bergemann N, et al. AGNP consensus guidelines for therapeutic drug monitoring in psychiatry: update 2011. Pharmacopsychiatry 2011;44:195-235.
19. Davis JM, Chen N. Dose response and dose equivalence of antipsychotics. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2004;24:192-208.
20. Kinon BJ, Volavka J, Stauffer V, et al. Standard and higher dose of olanzapine in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder: a randomized, double-blind, fixed-dose study. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2008;28:392-400.
21. Kinon BJ, Kane JM, Johns C, et al. Treatment of neuroleptic-resistant schizophrenic relapse. Psychopharmacol Bull 1993;29:309-14.
22. Takahashi H, Kamata M, Yoshida K, et al. Switching to olanzapine after unsuccessful treatment with risperidone during the first episode of schizophrenia: an open-label trial. J Clin Psychiatry 2006;67:1577-82.
23. Takahashi H, Yoshida K, Ishigooka J, et al. Switching to risperidone after unsuccessful treatment of olanzapine in the first-episode schizophrenia: an open trial. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2006;30:1067-72.
24. Agid O, Schulze L, Arenovich T, et al. Antipsychotic response in first-episode schizophrenia: efficacy of high doses and switching. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2013;23:1017-22.
25. Shalev A, Hermesh H, Rothberg J, et al. Poor neuroleptic response in acutely exacerbated schizophrenic patients. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1993;87:86-91.
26. Suzuki T, Uchida H, Watanabe K, et al. How effective is it to sequentially switch among olanzapine, quetiapine and risperidone? A randomized, open-label study of algorithm-based antipsychotic treatment to patients with symptomatic schizophrenia in the real-world clinical setting. Psychopharmacol 2007;195:285-95.
27. Lieberman JA, Stroup TS, McEvoy JP, et al. Effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs in patients with chronic schizophrenia. N Engl J Med 2005;353:1209-23.
28. Stroup TS, Lieberman JA, McEvoy JP, et al. Effectiveness of olanzapine, quetiapine, and risperidone in patients with chronic schizophrenia after discontinuing perphenazine: a CATIE study. Am J Psychiatry 2007;164:415-27.
29. Leucht S, Corves C, Arbter D, et al. Second-generation versus first-generation antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia: a meta-analysis. Lancet 2009;373:31-41.
30. Leucht S, Cipriani A, Spineli L, et al. Comparative efficacy and tolerability of 15 antipsychotic drugs in schizophrenia: a multiple-treatments meta-analysis. Lancet 2013;382:951-62.
31. Chakos M, Lieberman J, Hoffman E, et al. Effectiveness of second-generation antipsychotics in patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia: a review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. Am J Psychiatry 2001;158:518-26.
32. McEvoy JP, Lieberman JA, Stroup TS, et al. Effectiveness of clozapine versus olanzapine, quetiapine, and risperidone in patients with chronic schizophrenia who did not respond to prior atypical antipsychotic treatment. Am J Psychiatry 2006;163:600-10.
33. Lewis SW, Barnes TR, Davies L, et al. Randomized controlled trial of effect of prescription of clozapine versus other second-generation antipsychotic drugs in resistant schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2006;32:715-23.
34. Gallego JA, Bonetti J, Zhang J, et al. Prevalence and correlates of antipsychotic polypharmacy: a systematic review and meta-regression of global and regional trends from the 1970s to 2009. Schizophr Res 2012;138:18-28.
35. Taylor DM, Smith L, Gee SH, et al. Augmentation of clozapine with a second antipsychotic-a meta-analysis. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2012;125:15-24.
36. Sommer IE, Begemann MJ, Temmerman A, et al. Pharmacological augmentation strategies for schizophrenia patients with insufficient response to clozapine: a quantitative literature review. Schizophr Bull 2012;38:1003-11.
37. Barbui C, Signoretti A, Mule S, et al. Does the addition of a second antipsychotic drug improve clozapine treatment? Schizophr Bull 2009;35:458-68.
38. Correll CU, Rummel-Kluge C, Corves C, et al. Antipsychotic combinations vs monotherapy in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Schizophr Bull 2009;35:443-57.
39. Fleischhacker WW, Uchida H. Critical review of antipsychotic polypharmacy in the treatment of schizophrenia. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2012:1-11.
40. Gallego JA, Nielsen J, De Hert M, et al. Safety and tolerability of antipsychotic polypharmacy. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2012;11:527-42.
41. Real-world effectiveness of antipsychotic monotherapy vs. polypharmacy in schizophrenia: To switch or to combine? A nationwide study in Hungary. Schizophr Res 2014;152:246-54.
42. Dold M, Li C, Gillies D, et al. Benzodiazepine augmentation of antipsychotic drugs in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis and Cochrane review of randomized controlled trials. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2013;23:1023-33.
43. Sommer IE, van Westrhenen R, Begemann MJ, et al. Efficacy of anti-inflammatory agents to improve symptoms in patients with schizophrenia: an update. Schizophr Bull 2014;40:181-91.
44. Sommer IE, de Witte L, Begemann M, et al. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in schizophrenia: ready for practice or a good start? A meta-analysis. J Clin Psychiatry 2012;73:414-19.
45. Dold M, Li C, Tardy M, et al. Benzodiazepines for schizophrenia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012;11:CD006391.
46. Singh SP, Singh V, Kar N, et al. Efficacy of antidepressants in treating the negative symptoms of chronic schizophrenia: meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry 2010;197:174-9.