A new atmospheric dataset for forcing ice-ocean models: Evaluation of reforecasts using the Canadian global deterministic prediction system

Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society

Volumn 140, Issue 680, 2014, Pages 881-894

  Smith, Gregory C ^a   Roy, François ^a   Mann, Philip ^a   Dupont, Frédéric ^a   Brasnett, Bruce ^a   Lemieux, Jean François ^a   Laroche, Stéphane ^a   Bélair, Stéphane ^a  

^a ENVIRONMENT CANADA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Atmosphere ice ocean fluxes; Atmospheric forcing; CMC; Ocean modelling; Reanalysis; Sea ice modelling

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC HUMIDITY; ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE; DATA PROCESSING; OCEANOGRAPHY; UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS; WEATHER FORECASTING;

ATMOSPHERIC FORCING; CMC; OCEAN MODELLING; PREDICTION SYSTEMS; REANALYSIS; RESOLUTION MODELING; SURFACE TEMPERATURES; TOPOGRAPHIC STEERING;

ICE;

ATMOSPHERIC FORCING; ATMOSPHERIC STRUCTURE; CLIMATE PREDICTION; DATA SET; ICE-OCEAN INTERACTION; SEA ICE; TOPOGRAPHY; WEATHER FORECASTING;

CANADA;

EID: 84899475320     PISSN: 00359009     EISSN: 1477870X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/qj.2194     Document Type: Article

References (79)

1. Abel SJ, Walters DN, Allen G. 2010. Evaluation of stratocumulus cloud prediction in the Met Office forecast model during VOCALS-Rex. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 10: 10541-10559. DOI: 10.5194/acp-10-10541-2010.
2. Alexeev VA, Esau I, Polyakov IV, Byam SJ, Sorokina S. 2012. Vertical structure of recent Arctic warming from observed data and reanalysis products. Clim. Change 1112 215-239.
3. Allan R, Slingo A, Milton S, Brooks M. 2007. Evaluation of the Met Office global forecast model using Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget (GERB) data. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 133: 1993-2010.
4. Athie G, Marin F, Treguier A-M, Bourlès B, Guiavarc'h C. 2009. Sensitivity of near-surface tropical instability waves to submonthly wind forcing in the tropical Atlantic. Ocean Model. 304 241-255.
5. Bélair S, Mailhot J, Strapp JW, MacPherson JI. 1999. An examination of local versus nonlocal aspects of a TKE-based boundary layer scheme in clear convective conditions. J. Appl. Meteorol. 38: 1499-1518.
6. Bélair S, Crevier L-P, Mailhot J, Bilodeau B, Delage Y. 2003a. Operational implementation of the ISBA land surface scheme in the Canadian regional weather forecast n model. Part I: Warm season results. J. Hydrometeorol. 4: 352-370.
7. Bélair S, Brown R, Mailhot J, Bilodeau B, Crevier L-P. 2003b. Operational implementation of the ISBA land surface scheme in the canadian regional weather forecast model. Part II: Cold season results. J. Hydrometeorol. 4: 371-386.
8. Bélair S, Mailhot J, Girard C, Vaillancourt P. 2005. Boundary layer and shallow cumulus clouds in a medium-range forecast of large-scale weather system. Mon. Weath. Rev. 133: 1938-1960.
9. Bélair S, Roch M, Leduc A-M, Vaillancourt PA, Laroche S, Mailhot J. 2009. Medium-range quantitative precipitation forecasts from Canada's new 33-km deterministic global operational system. Weath. Forecast. 24: 690-708. DOI: 10.1175/2008WAF2222175.1.
10. Bentamy A, Grodsky SA, Carton JA, Croizé-Fillon D, Chapron B. 2012. Matching ASCAT and QuikSCAT winds. J. Geophys. Res. 117C02011 1-15. DOI: 10.1029/2011JC007479.
11. Betts AK, Zhao M, Dirmeyer PA, Beljaars, ACM. 2006. Comparison of ERA40 and NCEP/DOE near-surface data sets with other ISLSCP-II data sets. J. Geophys. Res. 111D22 D22S04.
12. Bougeault P., Lacarrère P. 1989. Parameterization of orography induced turbulence in a mesobeta-scale model. Mon. Weath. Rev. 117: 1872-1890.
13. Brasnett B. 2008. The impact of satellite retrievals in a global sea-surface-temperature analysis. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 134636 1745-1760.
14. Brodeau L, Barnier B, Treguier A-M, Penduff T, Gulev S. 2010. An ERA40-based atmospheric forcing for global ocean circulation models. Ocean Model. 313-4 88-104.
15. Bromwich DH, Fogt RL, Hodges KI, Walsh JE. 2007. A tropospheric assessment of the ERA-40, NCEP, and JRA-25 global reanalyses in the polar regions. J. Geophys. Res. 112D10 10111.
16. Bromwich DH, Kuo YH, Serreze M, Walsh J, Bai L-S, Barlage M, Hines K, Slater A. 2010. Arctic system reanalysis: Call for community involvement. Eos Trans. AGU 91: 13-14.
17. Charron M, Polavarapu S, Buehner M, Vaillancourt PA, Charette C, Roch M, Morneau J, Garand L, Aparicio JM, MacPherson S, Pellerin S, St-James J, Heilliette S. 2012. The stratospheric extension of the Canadian global deterministic medium-range weather forecasting system and its impact on tropospheric forecasts. Mon. Wea Rev. 1406 1924-1944.
18. Chaudhuri AH, Ponte RM, Forget G, Heimbach P. 2013. A comparison of atmospheric reanalysis surface products over the ocean and implications for uncertainties in air-sea boundary forcing. J. Clim. 26: 153-170. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00090.1.
19. Chelton DB. 2005. The impact of SST specification on ECMWF surface wind stress fields in the eastern tropical Pacific. J. Clim. 184 530-550.
20. Chung YC, Bélair S, Mailhot J. 2010. Simulation of snow on Arctic sea ice using a coupled sea-ice model. J. Hydrometeorol. 11: 199-210. DOI: 10.1175/2009JHM1112.1.
21. Côté J, Desmarais J-G, Gravel S, Méthot A, Patoine A, Roch M, Staniforth A. 1998a. The operational CMC-MRB Global Environmental Multiscale (GEM) model. Part II: results. Mon. Weath. Rev. 126: 1397-1418.
22. Côté J, Gravel S, Méthot A, Patoine A, Roch M, Staniforth A. 1998b. The operational CMC-MRB Global Environmental Multiscale (GEM) model. Part I: Design considerations and formulation. Mon. Weath. Rev. 126: 1373-1395.
23. Condron A, Renfrew IA. 2012. The impact of polar mesoscale storms on northeast Atlantic Ocean circulation. Nature Geosci. 61 34-37.
24. Cullather RI, Bosilovich MG. 2011. The moisture budget of the polar atmosphere in MERRA, J. Clim. 24: 2861-2879. DOI: 10.1175/2010JCLI4090.1.
25. Deacu D., Zadra A, Hanesiak J. 2010. Simulating wind channelling over Frobisher Bay and its interaction with downslope winds during the 7-8 November 2006 wind event. Atmos.Ocean 482 101-121.
26. Dee DP, Uppala SM, Simmons AJ, Berrisford P, Poli P, Kobayashi S, Andrae U, Balmaseda MA, Balsamo G, Bauer P, Bechtold P, Beljaars ACM, van de Berg L, Bidlot J, Bormann N, Delsol C, Dragani R, Fuentes M, Geer AJ, Haimberger L, Healy SB, Hersbach H, Hólm EV, Isaksen L, Kållberg P, Köhler M, Matricardi M, McNally AP, Monge-Sanz BM, Morcrette J-J, Park B-K, Peubey C, de Rosnay P, Tavolato C, Thépaut J-N, Vitart F. 2011. The ERA-Interim reanalysis: Configuration and performance of the data assimilation system. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 137656 553-597.
27. Deng Z, Xie L, Liu B, Wu L, Zhao D, Yu T. 2009. Coupling winds to ocean surface currents over the global ocean. Ocean Model. 294 261-268.
28. DRAKKAR Group . 2007. Eddy-permitting ocean circulation hindcasts of past decades. CLIVAR Exch. 123 8-10.
29. DuVivier A, Cassano JJ. 2013. Evaluation of WRF model resolution on simulated mesoscale winds and surface fluxes near Greenland. Mon. Weath. Rev. 141: 941-963.
30. Ferry N, Parent L, Garric G, Barnier B, Molines J-M, Guinehut S, Mulet S, Haines K, Valdivieso M, Masina S, Storto A. 2012. MYOCEAN eddy-permitting global ocean reanalysis products: description and results. Proceedings of the 20 Years of Progress in Radar Altimetry Symposium, 24-29 September, Venice, Italy.
31. Garand L, Pancrati O, Heilliette S. 2011. Validation of forecast cloud parameters from multispectral AIRS radiances, Atmos. Ocean 492 121-137. DOI: 10.1080/07055900.2011.567379.
32. Garric G, Verbrugge N, Bricaud C. 2011. Large scale ERA-Interim radiative and precipitation surface fluxes assessment, correction and application on \documentclass\usepackage\usepackage\usepackage\usepackage\pagestyle\begin$\frac$ \end global ocean 1989-2009 hindcasts. EGU General Assembly, April.
33. Gauthier P, Charette C, Fillion L, Koclas P, Laroche S. 1999a. Implementation of a 3D variational data assimilation system at the Canadian Meteorological Centre. Part I: The global analysis. Atmos. Ocean 37: 103-156.
34. Gauthier P, Tanguay M, Laroche S, Pellerin S, Morneau J. 2007. Extension of 3DVAR to 4DVAR: Implementation of 4DVAR at the Meteorological Service of Canada. Mon. Weath. Rev. 135: 2339-2354.
35. Gibson JK, Kållberg P, Uppala S, Nomura A, Hernandez A, Serrano E. 1997. ERA description, ECMWF. ERA-15 Project Report Series 1, European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts, Reading, UK.
36. Griffies SM, Biastoch A, Böning C, Bryan F, Danabasoglu G, Chassignet EP, England MH, Gerdes R, Haak H, Hallberg RW, Hazeleger W, Jungclaus J, Large WG, Madec G, Pirani A, Samuels BL, Scheinert M, Gupta SN, Severijns CA, Simmons HL, Treguier AM, Winton M, Yeager S, Yin J. 2009. Coordinated ocean-ice reference experiments (COREs). Ocean Modelling 261 1-46.
37. Haines K, Valdivieso M, Zuo H., Stepanov VN. 2012. Transports and budgets in a 1/4° global ocean reanalysis 1989-2010. Ocean Sci. 8: 333-344. DOI: 10.5194/os-8-333-2012.
38. Hamill TM, Whitaker JS, Mullen SL. 2006. Reforecasts: An Important Dataset for Improving Weather Predictions. Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. 87: 33-46. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-87-1-33.
39. Houssais M-N, Herbaut C. 2011. Atmospheric forcing on the Canadian Arctic Archipelago freshwater outflow and implications for the Labrador Sea variability. J. Geophys. Res. 116: (C00D02). DOI: 10.1029/2010JC006323.
40. Huffman GJ, Adler RF, Arkin P, Chang A, Ferraro R, Gruber A, Janowiak J, Joyce RJ, McNab A, Rudolf B, Schneider U, Xie P. 1997. The global precipitation climatology project (GPCP) combined precipitation data set. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 78: 5-20.
41. Jakobson E, Vihma T, Palo T, Jakobson L, Keernik H, Jaagus J. 2012. Validation of atmospheric reanalyses over the central Arctic Ocean. Geophys. Res. Lett. 3910 L10802.
42. Jiang C, Thompson L, Kelly KA. 2008. Equatorial influence of QuikSCAT winds in an isopycnal ocean model compared to NCEP2 winds. Ocean Model. 241-2 65-71.
43. Jiménez B, Sangrà P, Mason E. 2008. A numerical study of the relative importance of wind and topographic forcing on oceanic eddy shedding by tall, deep water islands. Ocean Model. 223-4 146-157.
44. Jung T, Klinker E, Uppala S. 2004. Reanalysis and reforecast of three major European storms of the twentieth century using the ECMWF forecasting system. Part I: Analyses and deterministic forecasts. Meteorol. Appl. 114 343-361.
45. Kalnay E, Kanamitsu M, Kistler R, Collins W, Deaven D, Gandin L, Iredell M, Saha S, White G, Woolen J, Zhu Y, Leetmaa A, Reynolds R, Chelliah M, Ebisuzaki W, Higgins W, Janowiak J, Mo KC, Ropelewski C, Wang J, Jenne R, Joseph D. 1996. The NCEP/NCAR 40-year reanalysis project, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 773 437-471. DOI: 10.1175/1520-0477(1996)077<0437:tnyrp>2.0.CO;2.
46. Kain J, Fritsch JM. 1990. A one-dimensional entraining/detraining plume model and its application in convective parameterization. J. Atmos. Sci. 47: 2784-2802.
47. Kain J, Fritsch JM. 1993. Convective parameterization for mesoscale models: The Kain-Fritsch scheme. The representation of cumulus convection in numerical models. Meterol. Monogr. 46: 165-170.
48. Kuo HL. 1974. Further studies of the parameterization of the influence of cumulus convection on large-scale flow. J. Atmos. Sci. 31: 1232-1240.
49. Kawai H, Inoue T. 2006. A simple parameterization scheme for subtropical marine stratocumulus, SOLA, 2: 17-20. DOI: 10.2151/sola.2006-005.
50. Langlais C, Barnier B, Molines JM, Fraunie P, Jacob D, Kotlarski S. 2009. Evaluation of a dynamically downscaled atmospheric reanalyse in the prospect of forcing long term simulations of the ocean circulation in the Gulf of Lions. Ocean Model. 30(4): 270-286.
51. Large WG, Yeager SG. 2004. Diurnal to Decadal Global Forcing for Ocean and Sea-ice Models. Technical Note, NCAR/TN-460+STR, Climate and Global Dynamics Division National Center for Atmospheric Research: Boulder, CO; 1-22.
52. Large WG, Yeager SG. 2008. The global climatology of an interannually varying air-sea flux data set. Clim. Dyn. DOI: 10.1007/s00382-008-0441-3.
53. Laroche S, Gauthier P, Tanguay M, Pellerin S, Morneau J. 2007. Impact of the different components of 4DVAR on the global forecast system of the Meteorological Service of Canada. Mon. Weath. Rev. 135: 2355-2364.
54. Lazier JRN. 1973. The renewal of Labrador sea water. Deep Sea Res. 20(4): 341-353.
55. Liu WT, Tang W, Polito PS. 1998. NASA scatterometer provides global ocean surface wind fields with more structures than numerical weather prediction. Geophys. Res. Lett. 24: 761-764.
56. Lüpkes C, Vihma T, Jakobson E, König-Langlo G, Tetzlaff A. 2010. Meteorological observations from ship cruises during summer to the central Arctic: A comparison with reanalysis data. Geophys. Res. Lett. 27: L09810.
57. Mailhot, J, Bélair S, Lefaivre L, Bilodeau B, Desgagné M, Girard C, Glazer A, Leduc A-M, Méthot A, Patoine A, Plante A, Rahill A, Robinson T, Talbot D, Tremblay A, Vaillancourt P, Zadra A, Qaddouri A. 2006. The 15-km version of the Canadian regional forecast system. Atmos. Ocean 44: 133-149.
58. Martin M., Dash P, Ignatov A, Banzon V, Beggs H, Brasnett B, Cayula J-F, Cummings J, Donlon C, Gentemann C, Grumbine R, Ishizaki S, Maturi E, Reynolds RW, Roberts-Jones J. 2012. Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (GHRSST) analysis fields inter-comparisons. Part 1: A GHRSST multi-product ensemble (GMPS). Deep-Sea Res. II. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2012.04.013.
59. McGeehan T, Maslowski W. 2012. Evaluation and control mechanisms of volume and freshwater export through the Canadian Arctic Archipelago in a high-resolution pan-Arctic ice-ocean model. J. Geophys. Res. C00D14. DOI: 10.1029/2011JC007261.
60. Myers PG, Haines K, Josey SA. 1998. On the importance of the choice of wind stress forcing to the modelling of the Mediterranean Sea circulation. J. Geophys. Res. 103(15): 729-749.
61. Noilhan J, Planton S. 1989. A simple parameterization of land surface processes for meteorological models. Mon. Weath. Rev. 117: 536-549.
62. Onogi, K, Tsutsui J, Koide H, Sakamoto M, Kobayashi S, Hatsushika H, Matsumoto T, Yamazaki N, Kamahori H, Takahashi K, Kadokura S, Wada K, Kato K, Oyama R, Ose T, Mannoji N, Taira R. 2007. The JRA-25 Reanalysis. J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn 85: 369-432. DOI: 10.2151/jmsj.85.369.
63. Paquin-Ricard D, Jones C, Vaillancourt PA. 2010. Using ARM observations to evaluate cloud and clear-sky radiation processes as simulated by the Canadian regional climate model GEM. Mon. Weath. Rev. 138(3): 818-838. DOI: 10.1175/2009MWR2745.1.
64. Penduff T, Juza M, Brodeau L, Smith GC, Barnier B, Molines JM, Treguier AM, Madec G. 2010. Impact of global ocean model resolution on sea-level variability with emphasis on interannual time scales. Ocean Sci. 6(1) 269-284.
65. Pudykiewicz J, Benoit R, Mailhot J. 1992. Inclusion and verification of a predictive cloud water scheme in a regional weather prediction model. Mon. Weath. Rev. 120: 612-626.
66. Ricciardulli L, Wentz F. 2011. Reprocessed QuikSCAT (V04) Wind Vectors with Ku-2011 Geophysical Model Function. Technical Report 043011, Remote Sensing Systems: Santa Rosa, CA.
67. Rigor IG, Colony RL, Martin S. 2000. Variations in surface air temperature observations in the Arctic, 1979-97. J. Clim. 13(5): 896-914.
68. Saha S, Moorthi S, Pan H-L, Wu X, Wang J, Nadiga S, Tripp P, Kistler R, Woollen J, Behringer D, Liu H, Stokes D, Grumbine R, Gayno G, Wang J, Hou Y-T, Chuang H-Y, Juang H-MH, Sela J, Iredell M, Treadon R, Kleist D, Delst PV, Keyser D, Derber J, Ek M, Meng J, Wei H, Yang R, Lord S, Dool HVD, Kumar A, Wang W, Long C, Chelliah M, Xue Y, Huang B, Schemm J-K, Ebisuzaki W, Lin R, Xie P, Chen M, Zhou S, Higgins W, Zou C-Z, Liu Q, Chen Y, Han Y, Cucurull L, Reynolds RW, Rutledge G, Goldberg M. 2010. The NCEP climate forecast system reanalysis. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 91(8): 1015-1057: DOI: 10.1175/2010BAMS3001.1.
69. Samelson RM, Barbour PL. 2008. Low-level jets, orographic effects, and extreme events in Nares Strait: a model-based mesoscale climatology. Mon. Weath. Rev. 136(12): 4746-4759.
70. Screen JA, Simmonds I. 2011. Erroneous Arctic temperature trends in the ERA-40 reanalysis: a closer look. J. Clim. 24(10): 2620-2627.
71. Serreze M, Hurst C. 2000. Representation of mean Arctic precipitation from NCEPNCAR and ERA reanalyses. J. Clim. 13: 182-201.
72. Stackhouse Jr PW, Cox SJ, Gupta SK, Chiacchio M, Mikovitz JC. 2001. The WCRP/GEWEX surface radiation budget project release 2: An assessment of surface fluxes at 1 degree resolution. In IRS 2000: Current Problems in Atmospheric Radiation, Smith WL, Timofeyev Y (eds). A. Deepak : Hampton, VA; 485-488.
73. Sundqvist H. 1978. A parameterization scheme for non-convective condensation including prediction of cloud water content. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 104: 677-690.
74. Tremblay L-B, Mysak LA. 1997. Modeling sea ice as a granular material, including the dilatany effect. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 27: 2342-2360.
75. Troccoli A, Kållberg P. 2004. 'Precipitation correction in the ERA-40 reanalysis'. ERA-40 Project Report Series 13. ECMWF: Reading, UK.
76. Uppala SM, Kållberg PW, Simmons AJ, Andrae U, da Costa Bechtold V, Fiorino M, Gibson JK, Haseler J, Hernandez A, Kelly GA, Li X, Onogi K, Saarinen S, Sokka N, Allan RP, Andersson E, Arpe K, Balmaseda MA, Beljaars ACM, van de Berg L, Bidlot J, Bormann N, Caires S, Chevallier F, Dethof A, Dragosavac M, Fisher M, Fuentes M, Hagemann S, Holm E, Hoskins BJ, Isaksen L, Janssen PAEM, Jenne R, McNally AP, Mahfouf J-F, Morcrette J-J, Rayner NA, Saunders RW, Simon P, Sterl A, Trenberth KE, Untch A, Vasiljevic D, Viterbo P, Woollen J. 2005. The ERA-40 re-analysis. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 131: 2961-3012.
77. Walsh JE, Chapman WL, Portis DH. 2009. Arctic cloud fraction and radiative fluxes in atmospheric reanalyses. J. Clim. 22(9): 2316-2334.
78. Xie P, Arkin PA. 1997. Global precipitation: a 17-year monthly analysis based on gauge observations, satellite estimate, and numerical model outputs. Bull Am. Meteorol. Soc. 78: 2539-2558.
79. Zadra A, Roch M, Laroche S, Charron M. 2003. The subgridscale orographic parameterization of the GEM model. Atmos. Ocean 41: 155-170.