14th international congress on antiphospholipid antibodies task force report on catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome

Autoimmunity Reviews

Volumn 13, Issue 7, 2014, Pages 699-707

  Cervera, Ricard ^a   Rodríguez Pintó, Ignasi ^a   Colafrancesco, Serena ^b   Conti, Fabrizio ^b   Valesini, Guido ^b   Rosário, Cristina ^c   Agmon Levin, Nancy ^d,e   Shoenfeld, Yehuda ^d,e   Ferrão, Claudia ^f   Faria, Raquel ^f   Vasconcelos, Carlos ^f   Signorelli, Flavio ^g   Espinosa, Gerard ^a  

^a HOSPITAL CLÍNIC   (Spain)

^b SAPIENZA UNIVERSITY OF ROME   (Italy)

^c Hospital de Pedro Hispano   (Portugal)

^d SHEBA MEDICAL CENTER   (Israel)

^e TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY   (Israel)

^f UNIVERSITY OF PORTO   (Portugal)

^g HOSPITAL UNIVERSITÁRIO PEDRO ERNESTO   (Brazil)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ABATACEPT; AZATHIOPRINE; BELIMUMAB; COMPLEMENT COMPONENT C1Q; COMPLEMENT COMPONENT C5A; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; CYCLOSPORIN; ECULIZUMAB; FERRITIN; GLUCOCORTICOID; HEPARIN; HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; IMMUNOMODULATING AGENT; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT; MYCOPHENOLIC ACID 2 MORPHOLINOETHYL ESTER; PHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY; RITUXIMAB; VITAMIN D; VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR CLEAVING PROTEINASE;

ANTICOAGULANT THERAPY; ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME; AUTOIMMUNITY; CATASTROPHIC ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME; CLINICAL FEATURE; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; DISEASE PREDISPOSITION; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; ENZYME ACTIVITY; HELLP SYNDROME; HEPARIN INDUCED THROMBOCYTOPENIA; HUMAN; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE TREATMENT; INFECTION; INJURY; INTERNATIONAL NORMALIZED RATIO; KIDNEY DISEASE; LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS; NEOPLASM; PATHOGENESIS; PREDICTIVE VALUE; PREGNANCY; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); REVIEW; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SURGERY; SURGICAL TECHNIQUE; TREATMENT DURATION; VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY; ADVISORY COMMITTEE; ANIMAL; IMMUNOLOGY;

ADVISORY COMMITTEES; ANIMALS; ANTIBODIES, ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID; ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME; HUMANS;

EID: 84898881401     PISSN: 15689972     EISSN: 18730183     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2014.03.002     Document Type: Review

References (91)

1. Kitchens C.S. Thrombotic storm: when thrombosis begets thrombosis. Am J Med 1998, 104:381-385.
2. Meroni P.L. Pathogenesis of the antiphospholipid syndrome: an additional example of the mosaic of autoimmunity. J Autoimmun 2008, 30:99-103.
3. Asherson R.A., Doherty D.G., Vergani D., Khamashta M.A., Hughes G.R. Major histocompatibility complex associations with primary antiphospholipid syndrome. Arthritis Rheum 1992, 35:124-125.
4. Caliz R., Atsumi T., Kondeatis E., Amengual O., Khamashta M.A., Vaughan R.W., et al. HLA class II gene polymorphisms in antiphospholipid syndrome: haplotype analysis in 83 Caucasoid patients. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2001, 40:31-36.
5. Sebastiani G.D., Galeazzi M., Tincani A., Scorza R., Mathieu A., Passiu G., et al. HLA-DPB1 alleles association of anticardiolipin and anti-beta2GPI antibodies in a large series of European patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2003, 12:560-563.
6. Sanchez M.L., Katsumata K., Atsumi T., Romero F.I., Bertolaccini M.L., Funke A., et al. Association of HLA-DM polymorphism with the production of antiphospholipid antibodies. Ann Rheum Dis 2004, 63:1645-1648.
7. Yasuda S., Atsumi T., Matsuura E., Kaihara K., Yamamoto D., Ichikawa K., et al. Significance of valine/leucine247 polymorphism of beta2-glycoprotein I in antiphospholipid syndrome: increased reactivity of anti-beta2-glycoprotein I autoantibodies to the valine247 beta2-glycoprotein I variant. Arthritis Rheum 2005, 52:212-218.
8. Ortega-Hernandez O.-D., Agmon-Levin N., Blank M., Asherson R.a., Shoenfeld Y. The physiopathology of the catastrophic antiphospholipid (Asherson's) syndrome: compelling evidence. J Autoimmun 2009, 32:1-6.
9. Asherson R.A. The catastrophic antiphospholipid (Asherson's) syndrome in 2004-a review. Autoimmun Rev 2005, 4:48-54.
10. Levy Y., Almog O., Gorshtein A., Shoenfeld Y. The environment and antiphospholipid syndrome. Lupus 2006, 15:784-790.
11. De Jager W., Bourcier K., Rijkers G.T., Prakken B.J., Seyfert-Margolis V. Prerequisites for cytokine measurements in clinical trials with multiplex immunoassays. BMC Immunol 2009, 10:52.
12. Meager A. Measurement of cytokines by bioassays: theory and application. Methods 2006, 38:237-252.
13. Espinosa G., Bucciarelli S., Cervera R., Gómez-Puerta J.A., Font J. Laboratory studies on pathophysiology of the catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome. Autoimmun Rev 2006, 6:68-71.
14. Cervera R. Update on the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of the catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2010, 12:70-76.
15. Cohen J. The immunopathogenesis of sepsis. Nature 2002, 420:885-891.
16. Espinosa G., Cervera R., Asherson R.A. Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome and sepsis. A common link?. J Rheumatol 2007, 34:923-926.
17. Meroni P.L., Raschi E., Testoni C., Parisio A., Borghi M.O. Innate immunity in the antiphospholipid syndrome: role of toll-like receptors in endothelial cell activation by antiphospholipid antibodies. Autoimmun Rev 2004, 3:510-515.
18. Ortona E., Capozzi A., Colasanti T., Conti F., Alessandri C., Longo A., et al. Vimentin/cardiolipin complex as a new antigenic target of the antiphospholipid syndrome. Blood 2010, 116:2960-2967.
19. Oku K., Amengual O., Atsumi T. Pathophysiology of thrombosis and pregnancy morbidity in the antiphospholipid syndrome. Eur J Clin Invest 2012, 42:1126-1135.
20. Ritis K., Doumas M., Mastellos D., Micheli A., Giaglis S., Magotti P., et al. A novel C5a receptor-tissue factor cross-talk in neutrophils links innate immunity to coagulation pathways. J Immunol 2006, 177:4794-4802.
21. Lim W. Complement and the antiphospholipid syndrome. Curr Opin Hematol 2011, 18:361-365.
22. Pierangeli S.S., Vega-Ostertag M., Harris E.N. Intracellular signaling triggered by antiphospholipid antibodies in platelets and endothelial cells: a pathway to targeted therapies. Thromb Res 2004, 114:467-476.
23. Conti F., Sorice M., Circella A., Alessandri C., Pittoni V., Caronti B., et al. Beta-2-glycoprotein I expression on monocytes is increased in anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome and correlates with tissue factor expression. Clin Exp Immunol 2003, 132:509-516.
24. Cugno M., Borghi M.O., Lonati L.M., Ghiadoni L., Gerosa M., Grossi C., et al. Patients with antiphospholipid syndrome display endothelial perturbation. J Autoimmun 2010, 34:105-110.
25. Raschi E., Borghi M.O., Grossi C., Broggini V., Pierangeli S., Meroni P.L. Toll-like receptors: another player in the pathogenesis of the anti-phospholipid syndrome. Lupus 2008, 17:937-942.
26. Colasanti T., Alessandri C., Capozzi A., Sorice M., Delunardo F., Longo A., et al. Autoantibodies specific to a peptide of β2-glycoprotein I cross-react with TLR4, inducing a proinflammatory phenotype in endothelial cells and monocytes. Blood 2012, 120:3360-3370.
27. Giannakopoulos B., Krilis S.a. The pathogenesis of the antiphospholipid syndrome. N Engl J Med 2013, 368:1033-1044.
28. Ferro D., Iuliano L., Violi F., Valesini G., Conti F. Antioxidant treatment decreases the titer of circulating anticardiolipin antibodies: comment on the article by Sambo et al. Arthritis Rheum 2002, 46:3110-3112.
29. Espinosa G., Bucciarelli S., Cervera R., Lozano M., Reverter J.C., de la Red G., et al. Thrombotic microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia and antiphospholipid antibodies. Ann Rheum Dis 2004, 63:730-736.
30. Espinosa G., Rodríguez-Pintó I., Gomez-Puerta J.A., Pons-Estel G., Cervera R. Relapsing catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome potential role of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia in disease relapses(1). Semin Arthritis Rheum 2012, 42:417-423.
31. Rosário C., Zandman-Goddard G., Meyron-Holtz E.G., D'Cruz D.P., Shoenfeld Y. The hyperferritinemic syndrome: macrophage activation syndrome, Still's disease, septic shock and catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome. BMC Med 2013, 11:185.
32. Zandman-Goddard G., Orbach H., Agmon-Levin N., Boaz M., Amital H., Szekanecz Z., et al. Hyperferritinemia is associated with serologic antiphospholipid syndrome in SLE patients. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2013, 44:23-30.
33. Agmon-Levin N., Rosário C., Katz B.S., Zandman-Goddard G., Meroni P., Cervera R., et al. Ferritin in the antiphospholipid syndrome and its catastrophic variant (cAPS). Lupus 2013, 22:1327-1335.
34. Asherson R.A., Espinosa G., Cervera R., Font J., Reverter J.C. Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: proposed guidelines for diagnosis and treatment. J Clin Rheumatol 2002, 8:157-165.
35. Asherson R.A., Cervera R., de Groot P.G., Erkan D., Boffa M.C., Piette J.C., et al. Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: international consensus statement on classification criteria and treatment guidelines. Lupus 2003, 12:530-534.
36. Cervera R., Font J., Gómez-Puerta J.a., Espinosa G., Cucho M., Bucciarelli S., et al. Validation of the preliminary criteria for the classification of catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis 2005, 64:1205-1209.
37. Cervera R., Tektonidou M.G., Espinosa G., Cabral A.R., González E.B., Erkan D., et al. Task Force on Catastrophic Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) and non-criteria APS manifestations (I): catastrophic APS, APS nephropathy and heart valve lesions. Lupus 2011, 20:165-173.
38. Ortel T.L., Kitchens C.S., Erkan D., Brandão L.R., Hahn S., James A.H., et al. Clinical causes and treatment of the thrombotic storm. Expert Rev Hematol 2012, 5:653-659.
39. Nayfe R., Uthman I., Aoun J., Saad Aldin E., Merashli M., Khamashta M.A. Seronegative antiphospholipid syndrome. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2013, 52:1358-1367.
40. Cervera R., Bucciarelli S., Plasín M.A., Gómez-Puerta J.A., Plaza J., Pons-Estel G., et al. Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS): descriptive analysis of a series of 280 patients from the "CAPS Registry". J Autoimmun 2009, 32:240-245.
41. Cervera R., Asherson R.a., Acevedo M.L., Gómez-Puerta J.A., Espinosa G., De La Red G., et al. Antiphospholipid syndrome associated with infections: clinical and microbiological characteristics of 100 patients. Ann Rheum Dis 2004, 63:1312-1317.
42. Avcin T., Toplak N. Antiphospholipid antibodies in response to infection. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2007, 9:212-218.
43. McNally T., Purdy G., Mackie I.J., Machin S.J., Isenberg D.A. The use of an anti-beta 2-glycoprotein-I assay for discrimination between anticardiolipin antibodies associated with infection and increased risk of thrombosis. Br J Haematol 1995, 91:471-473.
44. Arepally G.M., Ortel T.L. Clinical practice. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. N Engl J Med 2006, 355:809-817.
45. Gruel Y., Rupin A., Watier H., Vigier S., Bardos P., Leroy J. Anticardiolipin antibodies in heparin-associated thrombocytopenia. Thromb Res 1992, 67:601-606.
46. Alpert D., Mandl L.a., Erkan D., Yin W., Peerschke E.I., Salmon J.E. Anti-heparin platelet factor 4 antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus are associated with IgM antiphospholipid antibodies and the antiphospholipid syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis 2008, 67:395-401.
47. Gómez-Puerta J.A., Cervera R., Espinosa G., Asherson R.A., García-Carrasco M., da Costa I.P., et al. Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome during pregnancy and puerperium: maternal and fetal characteristics of 15 cases. Ann Rheum Dis 2007, 66:740-746.
48. Hanouna G., Morel N., Le Thi Huong D., Josselin L., Vauthier-Brouzes D., Saadoun D., et al. Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome and pregnancy: an experience of 13 cases. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2013, 52:1635-1641.
49. George J.N., Charania R.S. Evaluation of patients with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia. Semin Thromb Hemost 2013, 39:153-160.
50. Kim S., Moskowitz N.K., DiCarlo E.F., Bass A.R., Erkan D., Lockshin M.D. Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome triggered by sepsis. HSS J 2009, 5:67-72.
51. Blank M., Asherson R.A., Cervera R., Shoenfeld Y. Antiphospholipid syndrome infectious origin. J Clin Immunol 2004, 24:12-23.
52. Shoenfeld Y., Blank M., Cervera R., Font J., Raschi E., Meroni P.-L. Infectious origin of the antiphospholipid syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis 2006, 65:2-6.
53. De Runz A., Zuily S., Gosset J., Wahl D., Simon E. Particular catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome, on the sole surgical site after breast reduction. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2013, 66:e321-e324.
54. Katikireddi V.S., Kandiah D.A. Progression of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome to catastrophic antiphospholipid antibody syndrome acutely with cessation of antithrombotic therapy. Intern Med J 2012, 42:585-591.
55. Amital H., Levy Y., Davidson C., Lundberg I., Harju A., Kosach Y., et al. Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: remission following leg amputation in 2 cases. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2001, 31:127-132.
56. Baron T.H., Kamath P.S., McBane R.D. Management of antithrombotic therapy in patients undergoing invasive procedures. N Engl J Med 2013, 368:2113-2124.
57. Sacks S., Finn J., Sanna G., Khamashta M.A., Chowdhury F., Hunt B.J., et al. N2010 adult-onset Still's disease complicated by hemophagocytic syndrome and catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome resulting in four limb amputation. Isr Med Assoc J 2013, 15:192-194.
58. Sousa G.M., Oliveira R.C., Pereira M.M., Paraná R., Sousa-Atta M.L.B., Atta A.M. Autoimmunity in hepatitis C virus carriers: involvement of ferritin and prolactin. Autoimmun Rev 2011, 10:210-213.
59. Da Costa R., Szyper-Kravitz M., Szekanecz Z., Csépány T., Dankó K., Shapira Y., et al. Ferritin and prolactin levels in multiple sclerosis. Isr Med Assoc J 2011, 13:91-95.
60. Agmon-Levin N., Theodor E., Segal R.M., Shoenfeld Y. Vitamin D in systemic and organ-specific autoimmune diseases. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2013, 45:256-266.
61. Agmon-Levin N., Blank M., Zandman-Goddard G., Orbach H., Meroni P.L., Tincani A., et al. Vitamin D: an instrumental factor in the anti-phospholipid syndrome by inhibition of tissue factor expression. Ann Rheum Dis 2011, 70:145-150.
62. Bontadi A., Ruffatti A., Falcinelli E., Giannini S., Marturano A., Tonello M., et al. Platelet and endothelial activation in catastrophic and quiescent antiphospholipid syndrome. Thromb Haemost 2013, 109:901-908.
63. Brenner Z.R., Miller A.B., Ayers L.C., Roberts A. The role of vitamin D in critical illness. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am 2012, 24:527-540.
64. Braun A.B., Gibbons F.K., Litonjua A.A., Giovannucci E., Christopher K.B. Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D at critical care initiation is associated with increased mortality. Crit Care Med 2012, 40:63-72.
65. Weitz J., Hirsh J., Samama M. New anticoagulant drugs: the Seventh ACCP Conference on Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy. Chest 2004, 126:265S-286S.
66. Girardi G., Redecha P., Salmon J.E. Heparin prevents antiphospholipid antibody-induced fetal loss by inhibiting complement activation. Nat Med 2004, 10:1222-1226.
67. Auphan N., DiDonato J.A., Rosette C., Helmberg A., Karin M. Immunosuppression by glucocorticoids: inhibition of NF-kappa B activity through induction of I kappa B synthesis. Science 1995, 270:286-290.
68. Hartung H.-P., Mouthon L., Ahmed R., Jordan S., Laupland K.B., Jolles S. Clinical applications of intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg)-beyond immunodeficiencies and neurology. Clin Exp Immunol 2009, (158 Suppl.):23-33.
69. Tenti S., Guidelli G.M., Bellisai F., Galeazzi M., Fioravanti A. Long-term treatment of antiphospholipid syndrome with intravenous immunoglobulin in addition to conventional therapy. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2013, 31:877-882.
70. Sciascia S., Giachino O., Roccatello D. Prevention of thrombosis relapse in antiphospholipid syndrome patients refractory to conventional therapy using intravenous immunoglobulin. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2012, 30:409-413.
71. Asherson R.A., Cervera R., Piette J.C., Shoenfeld Y., Espinosa G., Petri M.A., et al. Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: clues to the pathogenesis from a series of 80 patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2001, 80:355-377.
72. Bayraktar U.D., Erkan D., Bucciarelli S., Espinosa G., Asherson R. The clinical spectrum of catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome in the absence and presence of lupus. J Rheumatol 2007, 34:346-352.
73. Asherson R.A., Cervera R. The catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: a review of pathogenesis, clinical features and treatment. Isr Med Assoc J 2000, 2:268-273.
74. Bakshi J., Stevens R. Rituximab therapy for recurrent thromboembolic disease in antiphospholipid syndrome. Lupus 2013, 22:865-867.
75. Khattri S., Zandman-Goddard G., Peeva E. B-cell directed therapies in antiphospholipid antibody syndrome-new directions based on murine and human data. Autoimmun Rev 2012, 11:717-722.
76. Costa R., Fazal S., Kaplan R.B., Spero J., Costa R. Successful plasma exchange combined with rituximab therapy in aggressive APS-related cutaneous necrosis. Clin Rheumatol 2013, 32(Suppl. 1):S79-S82.
77. Berman H., Rodríguez-Pintó I., Cervera R., Morel N., Costedoat-Chalumeau N., Erkan D., et al. Rituximab use in the catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: descriptive analysis of the CAPS registry patients receiving rituximab. Autoimmun Rev 2013, 12:1985-1990.
78. Kumar D., Roubey R.A.S. Use of rituximab in the antiphospholipid syndrome. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2010, 12:40-44.
79. Erkan D., Vega J., Ramon G., Kozora E., Lockshin M.D. A pilot open label phase II trial of rituximab for non-criteria manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome. Arthritis Rheum 2013, 65:464-471.
80. Erre G.L., Pardini S., Faedda R., Passiu G. Effect of rituximab on clinical and laboratory features of antiphospholipid syndrome: a case report and a review of literature. Lupus 2008, 17:50-55.
81. Espinosa G., Berman H., Cervera R. Management of refractory cases of catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome. Autoimmun Rev 2011, 10:664-668.
82. Bucciarelli S., Erkan D., Espinosa G., Cervera R. Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: treatment, prognosis, and the risk of relapse. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2009, 36:80-84.
83. Asherson R.a., Espinosa G., Menahem S., Yinh J., Bucciarelli S., Bosch X., et al. Relapsing catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: report of three cases. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2008, 37:366-372.
84. Lonze B.E., Singer A.L., Montgomery R. Eculizumab and renal transplantation in a patient with CAPS. N Engl J Med 2010, 362:1744-1745.
85. Hadaya K., Ferrari-Lacraz S., Fumeaux D., Boehlen F., Toso C., Moll S., et al. Eculizumab in acute recurrence of thrombotic microangiopathy after renal transplantation. Am J Transplant 2011, 11:2523-2527.
86. Velik-Salchner C., Lederer W., Wiedermann F. Eculizumab and renal transplantation in a patient with catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: effect of heparin on complement activation. Lupus 2011, 20:772.
87. Canaud G., Kamar N., Anglicheau D., Esposito L., Rabant M., Noël L.H., et al. Eculizumab improves posttransplant thrombotic microangiopathy due to antiphospholipid syndrome recurrence but fails to prevent chronic vascular changes. Am J Transplant 2013, 13:2179-2185.
88. Lonze B.E., Zachary A.A., Magro C.M., Desai N.M., Orandi B.J., Dagher N.N., et al. Eculizumab prevents recurrent antiphospholipid antibody syndrome and enables successful renal transplantation. Am J Transplant 2014, 14:459-465.
89. Scheiman Elazary A., Klahr P.P., Hershko A.Y., Dranitzki Z., Rubinow A., Naparstek Y. Rituximab induces resolution of recurrent diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in a patient with primary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. Lupus 2012, 21:438-440.
90. Faillace C., de Carvalho J.F. Antiphospholipid syndrome development after rituximab treatment. Joint Bone Spine 2012, 79:200-201.
91. Guyatt G.H., Oxman A.D., Schünemann H.J., Tugwell P., Knottnerus A. GRADE guidelines: a new series of articles in the Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. J Clin Epidemiol 2011, 64:380-382.