메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 6, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 253-263

Assessing the performance of a vulnerability index during oppressive heat across georgia, United States

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HEAT FLUX; IDENTIFICATION METHOD; LANDSCAPE; MAPPING METHOD; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY RISK; PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT; POPULATION STRUCTURE; URBAN AREA; VULNERABILITY;

EID: 84898628345     PISSN: 19488327     EISSN: 19488335     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/WCAS-D-13-00037.1     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (66)

References (68)
  • 1
    • 50549104811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heat effects on mortality in 15 European cities
    • Baccini, M., and Coauthors, 2008: Heat effects on mortality in 15 European cities. Epidemiology, 19, 711-719.
    • (2008) Epidemiology , vol.19 , pp. 711-719
    • Baccini, M.1
  • 2
    • 71049181519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High ambient temperature and mortality: A review of epidemiologic studies from 2001 to 2008
    • Article 40, doi:10.1186/1476-069X-8-40
    • Basu, R., 2009: High ambient temperature and mortality: A review of epidemiologic studies from 2001 to 2008. Environ. Health, 8, Article 40, doi:10.1186/1476-069X-8-40.
    • (2009) Environ. Health , vol.8
    • Basu, R.1
  • 3
    • 0037726579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation between elevated ambient temperature and mortality: A review of the epidemiologic evidence
    • Basu, R., and J. M. Samet, 2002: Relation between elevated ambient temperature and mortality: A review of the epidemiologic evidence. Epidemiol. Rev., 24, 190-202.
    • (2002) Epidemiol. Rev. , vol.24 , pp. 190-202
    • Basu, R.1    Samet, J.M.2
  • 4
    • 51749097395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Populations vulnerable to mortality associated with high ambient temperature in California
    • Basu, R., and B. D. Ostro, 2008: Populations vulnerable to mortality associated with high ambient temperature in California. Amer. J. Epidemiol., 168, 632-637.
    • (2008) Amer. J. Epidemiol. , vol.168 , pp. 632-637
    • Basu, R.1    Ostro, B.D.2
  • 5
    • 84856312425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CDC BRFSS cited, Available online at
    • CDC BRFSS, cited 2011: Prevalence and trends data. [Available online at http://apps.nccd.cdc.gov/brfss/.]
    • (2011) Prevalence and Trends Data
  • 6
    • 84859570465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vulnerability to extreme heat in metropolitan Phoenix: Spatial, temporal, and demographic dimensions
    • Chow, W. T., W. Chuang, and P. Gober, 2012: Vulnerability to extreme heat in metropolitan Phoenix: Spatial, temporal, and demographic dimensions. Prof. Geogr., 64, 286-302.
    • (2012) Prof. Geogr. , vol.64 , pp. 286-302
    • Chow, W.T.1    Chuang, W.2    Gober, P.3
  • 8
    • 0038806728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social vulnerability to environmental hazards
    • Cutter, S., B. Boruff, and W. L. Shirley, 2003: Social vulnerability to environmental hazards. Soc. Sci. Quart., 84, 242-261.
    • (2003) Soc. Sci. Quart. , vol.84 , pp. 242-261
    • Cutter, S.1    Boruff, B.2    Shirley, W.L.3
  • 9
    • 0037032051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decadal changes in heat-related human mortality in the eastern United States
    • Davis, R. E., P.C.Knappenberger,W.M.Novicoff, and P. J.Michaels, 2002: Decadal changes in heat-related human mortality in the eastern United States. Climate Res., 22, 175-184.
    • (2002) Climate Res. , vol.22 , pp. 175-184
    • Davis, R.E.1    Knappenberger, P.C.2    Novicoff, W.M.3    Michaels, P.J.4
  • 11
    • 79952981311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Was there a basis for anticipating the 2010 Russian heat wave?
    • doi:10.1029/2010GL046582
    • Dole, R., and Coauthors, 2011: Was there a basis for anticipating the 2010 Russian heat wave? Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L06702, doi:10.1029/2010GL046582.
    • (2011) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.38
    • Dole, R.1
  • 12
    • 79958839611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urban and rural mortality rates during heat waves in Berlin and Brandenburg, Germany
    • Gabriel, K. M., and W. R. Endlicher, 2011: Urban and rural mortality rates during heat waves in Berlin and Brandenburg, Germany. Environ. Pollut., 159, 2044-2050.
    • (2011) Environ. Pollut. , vol.159 , pp. 2044-2050
    • Gabriel, K.M.1    Endlicher, W.R.2
  • 13
    • 77957260036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heat-related mortality: A review and exploration of heterogeneity
    • Hajat, S., and T. Kosatky, 2010: Heat-related mortality: A review and exploration of heterogeneity. J. Epidemiol. Community Health, 64, 753-760.
    • (2010) J. Epidemiol. Community Health , vol.64 , pp. 753-760
    • Hajat, S.1    Kosatky, T.2
  • 14
    • 33750488434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of high temperatures on mortality: Is there an added heat wave effect?
    • Hajat, S., and Coauthors, 2006: Impact of high temperatures on mortality: Is there an added heat wave effect? Epidemiology, 17, 632-638.
    • (2006) Epidemiology , vol.17 , pp. 632-638
    • Hajat, S.1
  • 15
    • 33847006637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heat-related and coldrelated deaths in England and Wales: Who is at risk?
    • Hajat, S.,R. S. Kovats, and K. Lachowycz, 2007: Heat-related and coldrelated deaths in England and Wales: Who is at risk? Occup. Environ. Med., 64, 93-100.
    • (2007) Occup. Environ. Med. , vol.64 , pp. 93-100
    • Hajat, S.1    Kovats, R.S.2    Lachowycz, K.3
  • 17
    • 84873342034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neighborhood effects on heat deaths: Social and environmental vulnerability in Maricopa County, Arizona
    • Harlan, S. L., J. H. Declet-Barreto, W. L. Stefanov, and D. B. Petitti, 2013: Neighborhood effects on heat deaths: Social and environmental vulnerability in Maricopa County, Arizona. Environ. Health Perspect., 121, 197-204.
    • (2013) Environ. Health Perspect , vol.121 , pp. 197-204
    • Harlan, S.L.1    Declet-Barreto, J.H.2    Stefanov, W.L.3    Petitti, D.B.4
  • 18
    • 84878773439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differences in heat-related mortality across four ecological regions with diverse urban, rural, and remote populations in British Columbia, Canada
    • Henderson, S. B., V. Wan, and T. Kosatsky, 2013: Differences in heat-related mortality across four ecological regions with diverse urban, rural, and remote populations in British Columbia, Canada. Health Place, 23, 48-53.
    • (2013) Health Place , vol.23 , pp. 48-53
    • Henderson, S.B.1    Wan, V.2    Kosatsky, T.3
  • 19
    • 84898635570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IFRC, 1/2003. Available online at
    • IFRC, 2003: India: Heat wave. Information Bull. 1/2003. [Available online at http://www.ifrc.org/docs/appeals/rpts03/indiaheatwave03a1.pdf.]
    • (2003) India: Heat Wave. Information Bull.
  • 20
    • 70450250158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socioeconomic indicators of heat-related health risk supplemented with remotely sensed data
    • Article 57, doi:10.1186/1476-072X-8-57
    • Johnson, D. P., J. S. Wilson, and G. C. Luber, 2009: Socioeconomic indicators of heat-related health risk supplemented with remotely sensed data. Int. J. Health Geogr., 8, Article 57, doi:10.1186/1476-072X-8-57.
    • (2009) Int. J. Health Geogr. , vol.8
    • Johnson, D.P.1    Wilson, J.S.2    Luber, G.C.3
  • 21
    • 84862165260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developing an applied extreme heat vulnerability index utilizing socioeconomic and environmental data
    • Johnson, D. P., A. Stanforth, V. Lulla, and G. Luber, 2012: Developing an applied extreme heat vulnerability index utilizing socioeconomic and environmental data. Appl. Geogr., 35, 23-31.
    • (2012) Appl. Geogr. , vol.35 , pp. 23-31
    • Johnson, D.P.1    Stanforth, A.2    Lulla, V.3    Luber, G.4
  • 22
    • 0026349774 scopus 로고
    • A new approach to evaluate the impact of climate on humanmortality
    • Kalkstein, L. S., 1991: A new approach to evaluate the impact of climate on humanmortality. Environ. Health Perspect., 96, 145-150.
    • (1991) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.96 , pp. 145-150
    • Kalkstein, L.S.1
  • 24
    • 0024426308 scopus 로고
    • Weather and human mortality: An evaluation of demographic and interregional responses in the United States
    • Kalkstein, L. S. and R. E. Davis, 1989: Weather and human mortality: An evaluation of demographic and interregional responses in the United States. Ann. Assoc. Amer. Geogr., 79, 44-64.
    • (1989) Ann. Assoc. Amer. Geogr. , vol.79 , pp. 44-64
    • Kalkstein, L.S.1    Davis, R.E.2
  • 25
    • 0030933677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An evaluation of climate/mortality relationships in large U.S. Cities and the possible impacts of a climate change
    • Kalkstein, L. S., and J. S. Greene, 1997: An evaluation of climate/mortality relationships in large U.S. cities and the possible impacts of a climate change. Environ. Health Perspect., 105, 84-93.
    • (1997) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.105 , pp. 84-93
    • Kalkstein, L.S.1    Greene, J.S.2
  • 27
    • 0025488011 scopus 로고
    • Short-term fluctuations in death by cause, temperature, and income in the United States 1930-1985
    • Larsen, U., 1990: Short-term fluctuations in death by cause, temperature, and income in the United States 1930-1985. Soc. Biol., 37, 172-187.
    • (1990) Soc. Biol. , vol.37 , pp. 172-187
    • Larsen, U.1
  • 28
    • 84884236202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synergistic interactions between urban heat islands and heat waves: The impact in cities in larger than the sum of its parts
    • Li, D., and E. Bou-Zeid, 2013: Synergistic interactions between urban heat islands and heat waves: The impact in cities in larger than the sum of its parts. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 52, 2051-2064.
    • (2013) J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol. , vol.52 , pp. 2051-2064
    • Li, D.1    Bou-Zeid, E.2
  • 29
    • 0042421776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Land-use and land-cover change, urban heat island phenomenon, and health implications: A remote sensing approach
    • Lo, C. P., and D. A. Quattrochi, 2003: Land-use and land-cover change, urban heat island phenomenon, and health implications: A remote sensing approach. Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens., 69, 1053-1063.
    • (2003) Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens. , vol.69 , pp. 1053-1063
    • Lo, C.P.1    Quattrochi, D.A.2
  • 30
    • 53249128950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change and extreme heat events
    • Luber, G., and M. McGeehin, 2008: Climate change and extreme heat events. Amer. J. Prev. Med., 35, 429-435.
    • (2008) Amer. J. Prev. Med. , vol.35 , pp. 429-435
    • Luber, G.1    McGeehin, M.2
  • 32
    • 4043154304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • More intense, more frequent, and longer lasting heat waves in the 21st century
    • Meehl, G. A., and C. Tebaldi, 2004: More intense, more frequent, and longer lasting heat waves in the 21st century. Science, 305, 994-997.
    • (2004) Science , vol.305 , pp. 994-997
    • Meehl, G.A.1    Tebaldi, C.2
  • 33
    • 0000380129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in extreme weather and climate events: Issues related to modeling extremes in projections of future climate change
    • Meehl, G. A., F. Zwiers, J. Evans, T. Knutson, L. Mearns, and P. Whetton, 2000: Trends in extreme weather and climate events: Issues related to modeling extremes in projections of future climate change. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 81, 427-436.
    • (2000) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.81 , pp. 427-436
    • Meehl, G.A.1    Zwiers, F.2    Evans, J.3    Knutson, T.4    Mearns, L.5    Whetton, P.6
  • 34
    • 63349096594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High temperatures and hospitalizations for cardiovascular and respiratory causes in 12 European cities
    • Michelozzi, P., and Coauthors, 2009: High temperatures and hospitalizations for cardiovascular and respiratory causes in 12 European cities. Amer. J. Respir. Crit. Care ed., 179, 383-389.
    • (2009) Amer. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.179 , pp. 383-389
    • Michelozzi, P.1
  • 35
    • 84878240351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Research Council Committee on Urban Meteorology, The National Academies Press
    • National Research Council Committee on Urban Meteorology, 2012: Urban Meteorology: Forecasting, Monitoring, and Meeting Users' Needs. The National Academies Press, 176 pp.
    • (2012) Urban Meteorology: Forecasting, Monitoring, and Meeting Users' Needs , pp. 176
  • 36
    • 84884891923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Weather Service Cited, Available Online At
    • National Weather Service, cited 2012: Heat: A major killer. [Available online at http://www.nws.noaa.gov/os/heat/index. shtml.]
    • (2012) Heat: A Major Killer
  • 37
    • 84898635568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NCAR Cited 2012: SIMMER Project. Available Online At
    • NCAR, cited 2012: SIMMER project. [Available online at http://www.ral.ucar.edu/projects/simmer/team/.]
  • 38
    • 84898651201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NRSAL, cited, Available online at
    • NRSAL, cited 2011: Georgia land use trends. [Available online at http://narsal.uga.edu/glut.]
    • (2011) Georgia Land Use Trends
  • 41
    • 84861091458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of a heat vulnerability index on abnormally hot days: An environmental public health tracking study
    • doi:10.1289/ehp.1103766
    • Reid, C. E., and Coauthors, 2012a: Evaluation of a heat vulnerability index on abnormally hot days: An environmental public health tracking study. Environ. Health Perspect., 120, 715-720, doi:10.1289/ehp.1103766.
    • (2012) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.120 , pp. 715-720
    • Reid, C.E.1
  • 42
    • 84870523104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of ambient ozone in epidemiologic studies of heat-related mortality
    • Reid, C. E., J.M. Snowden, C. Kontgis, and I. B. Tager, 2012b: The role of ambient ozone in epidemiologic studies of heat-related mortality. Environ. Health Perspect., 120, 1627-1630.
    • (2012) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.120 , pp. 1627-1630
    • Reid, C.E.1    Snowden, J.M.2    Kontgis, C.3    Tager, I.B.4
  • 43
  • 45
    • 0242338402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heat, mortality, and level of urbanization: Measuring vulnerability across Ohio, USA
    • Sheridan, S. C., and T. J. Dolney, 2003: Heat, mortality, and level of urbanization: Measuring vulnerability across Ohio, USA. Climate Res., 24, 255-266.
    • (2003) Climate Res. , vol.24 , pp. 255-266
    • Sheridan, S.C.1    Dolney, T.J.2
  • 46
    • 12344335802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progress in heat watch-warning system technology
    • Semenza, J. C., and L. S. Kalkstein, 2004: Progress in heat watch-warning system technology. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 85, 1931-1941.
    • (2004) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.85 , pp. 1931-1941
    • Semenza, J.C.1    Kalkstein, L.S.2
  • 47
    • 0032135242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparative analysis of heat waves and associated mortality in St. Louis Missouri-1980 and 1995
    • Smoyer, K. E., 1998: A comparative analysis of heat waves and associated mortality in St. Louis, Missouri - 1980 and 1995. Int. J. Biometeor., 42, 44-50.
    • (1998) Int. J. Biometeor. , vol.42 , pp. 44-50
    • Smoyer, K.E.1
  • 48
    • 0034323378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heat-stress-related mortality in five cities in southern Ontario: 1980-1996
    • Smoyer, K. E., G. C. Rainham, and J. N. Hewko, 2000: Heat-stress-related mortality in five cities in southern Ontario: 1980-1996. Int. J. Biometeor., 44, 190-197.
    • (2000) Int. J. Biometeor. , vol.44 , pp. 190-197
    • Smoyer, K.E.1    Rainham, G.C.2    Hewko, J.N.3
  • 49
    • 0018656328 scopus 로고
    • The assessment of sultriness. Part I: A temperature-humidity index based on human physiology and clothing science
    • Steadman, R. G., 1979: The assessment of sultriness. Part I: A temperature-humidity index based on human physiology and clothing science. J. Appl. Meteor., 18, 861-884.
    • (1979) J. Appl. Meteor. , vol.18 , pp. 861-884
    • Steadman, R.G.1
  • 50
    • 0021638475 scopus 로고
    • A universal scale of apparent temperature
    • Steadman, R. G., 1984: A universal scale of apparent temperature. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 23, 1674-1687.
    • (1984) J. Climate Appl. Meteor. , vol.23 , pp. 1674-1687
    • Steadman, R.G.1
  • 51
    • 77957914134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urban form and extreme heat events: Are sprawling cities more vulnerable to climate change than compact cities?
    • Stone, B., J. J. Hess, and H. Frumkin, 2010: Urban form and extreme heat events: Are sprawling cities more vulnerable to climate change than compact cities? Environ. Health Perspect., 110, 1425-1428.
    • (2010) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.110 , pp. 1425-1428
    • Stone, B.1    Hess, J.J.2    Frumkin, H.3
  • 52
    • 74349090865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The urban heat island and its impact on heat waves and human health in Shanghai
    • Tan, J., and Coauthors, 2010: The urban heat island and its impact on heat waves and human health in Shanghai. Int. J.Biometeor., 54, 75-84.
    • (2010) Int. J.Biometeor. , vol.54 , pp. 75-84
    • Tan, J.1
  • 53
    • 84889044947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probability of US heat waves affected by a subseasonal planetary wave pattern
    • doi:10.1038/ngeo1988
    • Teng, H., G. Branstator, H. Wang, G. A. Meehl, and W. M. Washington, 2013: Probability of US heat waves affected by a subseasonal planetary wave pattern. Nat. Geosci., 6, 1056- 1061, doi:10.1038/ngeo1988.
    • (2013) Nat. Geosci. , vol.6 , pp. 1056-1061
    • Teng, H.1    Branstator, G.2    Wang, H.3    Meehl, G.A.4    Washington, W.M.5
  • 54
    • 79952486616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intra-urban societal vulnerability to extreme heat: The role of heat exposure and built environment, socioeconomics, and neighborhood stability
    • Uejio, C. K., O. V. Wilhelmi, J. S. Golden, D. M. Mills, S. P. Gulino, and J. P. Samenow, 2011: Intra-urban societal vulnerability to extreme heat: The role of heat exposure and built environment, socioeconomics, and neighborhood stability. Health Place, 17, 498-507.
    • (2011) Health Place , vol.17 , pp. 498-507
    • Uejio, C.K.1    Wilhelmi, O.V.2    Golden, J.S.3    Mills, D.M.4    Gulino, S.P.5    Samenow, J.P.6
  • 55
    • 0003395661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United Nations, Population Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations Working Paper ESA/P/WP/200
    • United Nations, 2006: World urbanization prospects: The 2005 revision. Population Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations, Working Paper ESA/P/WP/ 200, 196 pp.
    • (2006) World Urbanization Prospects: The 2005 Revision , pp. 196
  • 56
    • 84857584773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Census Bureau cited, Available online at
    • U.S. Census Bureau, cited 2011: Censtats databases. [Available online at http://censtats.census.gov.]
    • (2011) Censtats Databases
  • 57
    • 84898614395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Department of Commerce and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Current Housing Rep. H170/96-21
    • U.S. Department of Commerce and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, 1997a: American housing survey for the Atlanta metropolitan area in 1996. Current Housing Rep. H170/96-21, 258 pp.
    • (1997) American Housing Survey for the Atlanta Metropolitan Area in 1996 , pp. 258
  • 58
    • 84898662261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Department of Commerce and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Current Housing Rep. H170/95-63
    • U.S. Department of Commerce and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, 1997b: American housing survey for the Charlotte metropolitan area in 1995. Current Housing Rep. H170/95-63, 220 pp.
    • (1997) American Housing Survey for the Charlotte Metropolitan Area in 1995 , pp. 220
  • 59
    • 84898609370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Department of Commerce and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Current Housing Rep. H170/96-8
    • U.S. Department of Commerce and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development,, 1997c: American housing survey for the Memphis metropolitan area in 1996. Current Housing Rep. H170/96-8, 218 pp.
    • (1997) American Housing Survey for the Memphis Metropolitan Area in 1996 , pp. 218
  • 60
    • 84898614395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Department of Commerce and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Current Housing Rep. H170/95-30
    • U.S. Department of Commerce and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, 1997d: American housing survey for the New Orleans metropolitan area in 1995. Current Housing Rep. H170/95-30, 258 pp.
    • (1997) American Housing Survey for the New Orleans Metropolitan Area in 1995 , pp. 258
  • 61
    • 84898605774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Department of Commerce and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Current Housing Rep. H170/02-63
    • U.S. Department of Commerce and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, 2003: American housing survey for the Charlotte metropolitan Area in 2002. Current Housing Rep. H170/02-63, 348 pp.
    • (2003) American Housing Survey for the Charlotte Metropolitan Area in 2002 , pp. 348
  • 62
    • 84898611634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Department of Commerce and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Current Housing Rep. H170/04-21
    • U.S. Department of Commerce and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, 2005a: American housing survey for the Atlanta metropolitan area in 2004. Current Housing Rep. H170/04-21, 356 pp.
    • (2005) American Housing Survey for the Atlanta Metropolitan Area in 2004 , pp. 356
  • 63
    • 84898611634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Department of Commerce and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Current Housing Rep. H170/04-8
    • U.S. Department of Commerce and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, 2005b: American housing survey for the Memphis metropolitan area in 2004. Current Housing Rep. H170/04-8, 356 pp.
    • (2005) American Housing Survey for the Memphis Metropolitan Area in 2004 , pp. 356
  • 64
    • 84898611634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Department of Commerce and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Current Housing Rep. H170/04-30
    • U.S. Department of Commerce and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, 2005c: American housing survey for the New Orleans metropolitan area in 2004. Current Housing Rep. H170/04-30, 356 pp.
    • (2005) American Housing Survey for the New Orleans Metropolitan Area in 2004 , pp. 356
  • 65
    • 0022266967 scopus 로고
    • Small-scale climate maps: A sensitivity analysis of some common assumptions associated with grid point interpolation and contouring
    • Willmott, C. J., C. M. Rowe, and W. D. Philpot, 1985: Small-scale climate maps: A sensitivity analysis of some common assumptions associated with grid point interpolation and contouring. J. Amer. Cartogr., 12, 5-16.
    • (1985) J. Amer. Cartogr. , vol.12 , pp. 5-16
    • Willmott, C.J.1    Rowe, C.M.2    Philpot, W.D.3
  • 66
    • 79958281762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular mortality during heat and cold events: Determinants of regional vulnerability in Taiwan
    • Wu, P. C., C. Y. Lin, S.C. Lung,H.R.Guo,C.H. Chou, andH. J. Su, 2011: Cardiovascular mortality during heat and cold events: Determinants of regional vulnerability in Taiwan. Occup. Environ. Med., 68, 525-530.
    • (2011) Occup. Environ. Med. , vol.68 , pp. 525-530
    • Wu, P.C.1    Lin, C.Y.2    Lung, S.C.3    Guo, H.R.4    Chou, C.H.5    Su, H.J.6
  • 67
    • 49849093848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temperature and mortality in nine U.S. Cities
    • Zanobetti, A., and J. Schwartz, 2008: Temperature and mortality in nine U.S. cities. Epidemiology, 19, 563-570.
    • (2008) Epidemiology , vol.19 , pp. 563-570
    • Zanobetti, A.1    Schwartz, J.2
  • 68
    • 77649273259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atlanta's urban heat island under extreme heat conditions and potential mitigation strategies
    • Zhou, Y., and J. M. Shepherd, 2010: Atlanta's urban heat island under extreme heat conditions and potential mitigation strategies. Nat. Hazards, 52, 639-668.
    • (2010) Nat. Hazards , vol.52 , pp. 639-668
    • Zhou, Y.1    Shepherd, J.M.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.