Development of digital flow control system for multi-channel variable-rate sprayers

Transactions of the ASABE

Volumn 57, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 273-281

  Liu, H ^a   Zhu, H ^b   Shen, Y ^a   Chen, Y ^a   Ozkan, H E ^a  

^a OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b U S DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE   (United States)

Author keywords

Laser sensor; Precision sprayer; Pulse width modulation; Specialty crop; Variable flow rate.

Indexed keywords

ALGORITHMS; CONTROL SYSTEMS; DATA ACQUISITION; FLOW RATE; MODULATION; NOZZLES; SENSORS; SOLENOID VALVES; SURGE PROTECTION;

DATA ACQUISITION MODULES; EMBEDDED COMPUTERS; LASER SENSOR; OPERATING PRESSURE; PRECISION SPRAYER; PROCESSING MODULES; PROTECTION CIRCUITS; VARIABLE FLOW RATE;

PULSE WIDTH MODULATION;

ACCURACY ASSESSMENT; CONTROL SYSTEM; DATA ACQUISITION; FLOW CONTROL; FLOW PATTERN; ORCHARD; SENSOR; SPRAY; TRAVEL TIME;

EID: 84898621541     PISSN: 21510032     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.13031/trans.57.10216     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Batarseh, M. G., Al-Hoor, W., Huang, L., Iannello, C., & Batarseh, I. (2009). Window-masked segmented digital clock manager- FPGA-based digital pulse width modulator technique. IEEE Trans. Power Elect., 24(11), 2649-2660. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1109/TPEL.2009.2033066.
2. Berkhout, M. (2003). An integrated 200 W class D audio amplifier. IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, 38(7), 1198-1206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/JSSC.2003. 813238.
3. Bora, G. C., Schrock, M. D., Oard, D. L., & Grimm, J. (2011). Performance of a pulse width modulated (PWM) single to multifold outlet system for variable-rate anhydrous ammonia application. Trans. ASABE, 54(2), 397-402. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.36441.
4. Chen, Y., Zhu, H., & Ozkan, H. E. (2012). Development of a variable-rate sprayer with laser scanning sensor to synchronize spray outputs to tree structures. Trans. ASABE, 55(3), 773-781. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013. 41509.
5. Fox, R. D., Derksen, R. C., Zhu, H., Brazee, R. D., & Svensson, S. A. (2008). A history of air-blast sprayer development and future prospects. Trans. ASABE, 51(2), 405-410. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.24375.
6. Giles, D. K. (1997). Independent control of liquid flow rate and spray droplet size from hydraulic atomizers. Atomization and Sprayers, 7(2), 161-181.
7. Giles, D. K., & Comino, J. A. (1990). Droplet size and spray pattern characteristics of an electronic flow controller for spray nozzles. J. Agric. Eng. Res., 47(4), 249-267. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/0021-8634(90)80045-V.
8. Giles, D. K., & Needham, D. (2008). Electronic actuator for simultaneous liquid flow rate and pressure control of sprayers. U.S. Patent Application No. 20080230624.
9. Giles, D. K., Klassen, P., Niederholzer, F. J., & Downey, D. (2011). Smart sprayer technology provides environmental and economic benefits in California orchards. California Agric., 65(2), 85-89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3733/ ca.v065n02p85.
10. Gopalapillai, S., Tian, L., & Zheng, J. (1999). Evaluation of a flow control system for site-specific herbicide applications. Trans. ASAE, 42(4), 863-870. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.13265.
11. Grimm, J., Dieball, K., Needham, D., Johnson, T., & Stone, M. (2012). Method and system to control flow from individual nozzles while controlling overall system flow and pressure. U.S. Patent No. 20100032492.
12. Gu, J., Zhu, H., Ding, W., & Jeon, H. (2011). Droplet size distributions of adjuvant-amended sprays from an air-assisted five-port PWM nozzle. Atomization and Sprays, 21(3), 263-274. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/ AtomizSpr.2011003258.
13. Han, S., Hendrickson, L. L., Ni, B., & Zhang, Q. (2001). Modification and testing of a commercial sprayer with PWM solenoids for precision spraying. Applied Eng. in Agric., 17(5), 591-594.
14. Holmes, D. G., & Lipo, T. A. (2003). Pulse Width Modulation for Power Converters: Principles and Practice. IEEE Press Series on Power Engineering. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/9780470546284.
15. Iqbal, A., & Moinuddin, S. (2009). Comprehensive relationship between carrier-based PWM and space vector PWM in a fivephase VSI. IEEE Trans. Power Elec., 24(10), 2379-2390. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2009.2029051.
16. Jeon, H., & Zhu, H. (2012). Development of variable-rate sprayer for nursery liner applications. Trans. ASABE, 55(1), 303-312. http://dx.doi.org/10. 13031/2013.41240.
17. Lebeau, F., Bahirb, L. E., Destaina, M. F., Kinnaertb, M., & Hanusb, R. (2004). Improvement of spray deposit homogeneity using a PWM spray controller to compensate horizontal boom speed variations. Comp. Elec. Agric., 43(2), 149-161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2004.01.001
18. . Milivojevic, N., Krishnamurthy, M., Gurkaynak, Y., Sathyan, A., Lee, Y. J., & Emadi, A. (2012). Stability analysis of FPGA-based control of brushless DC motors and generators using digital
19. Milivojevic, N., Krishnamurthy, M., Gurkaynak, Y., Sathyan, A., Lee, Y. J., & Emadi, A. (2012). Stability analysis of FPGA-based control of brushless DC motors and generators using digital PWM technique. IEEE Trans. Ind. Elec., 59(1), 343-351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2011.2146220.
20. Needham, D. L., Holtz, A. J., & Giles, D. K. (2012). Actuator system for individual nozzle control of flow rate and spray droplet size. Trans. ASABE, 55(2), 379-386. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.41376.
21. Reichard, D. L., Zhu, H., Downer, R. A., Fox, R. D., Brazee, R. D., & Ozkan, H. E. (1996). A system to evaluate effects of shear on spray drift retardants. Trans. ASAE, 39(6), 1993-1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013. 27701.
22. Tian, L. (2002). Development of a sensor-based precision herbicide application system. Comp. Elec. Agric., 36(2-3), 133-149. http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/S0168-1699(02)00097-2.
23. Wei, J., & Salyani, M. (2004). Development of a laser scanner for measuring tree canopy characteristics: Phase 1. Prototype development. Trans. ASAE, 47(6), 2101-2107. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.17795.
24. Wei, J., & Salyani, M. (2005). Development of a laser scanner for measuring tree canopy characteristics: Phase 2. Foliage density measurement. Trans. ASAE, 48(4), 1595-1601. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.19174.